KR0139567B1 - Method for producing xy of oreochromis niloticus using xx - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a whole male population of Nile tilapia, which has been spotlighted as a farming target species, and a tilapia super female (YY) used therein. The male (XY) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is sexually transduced, from which a female embryonic diploid is induced to produce a super male (YY), which is transgenic to obtain a super female (YY), super female (YY) and According to a method of producing a male (YY) by crossing the males (YY), and producing a male (XY) population by crossing the male (YY) and the normal female (XX), the whole male group by simple breeding alone Because it can be produced, not only can it economically double the productivity, but because of intra-breeding, it can always produce only a good population of all male offspring successfully, and does not cause various problems such as side effects and environmental damage caused by hormone use.

Description

Production Method of Whole Male Population Using Tilapia Super-females

1 is a structural diagram schematically showing a method for producing a whole male population of tilapia through the production of ultra-female (YY).

The present invention targets nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, trade name; reverse dome), which has been spotlighted as a cultured species, and a method for producing a fast-growing whole male population by simply breeding and tilapia super-females used therein It is about.

Tilapia is a large fish species that is actively farmed around the world in tropical and subtropical areas. In the case of farming the tilapia together with females and males, there is a problem that productivity decreases due to early maturation and unnecessary breeding. Especially, in the case of this species, males grow much faster than females, so all males are grown in the aquaculture industry. There is an absolute demand for a method of raising productivity by farming only groups.

As such, a method for farming the entire male population of tilapia includes a male and female selection method, a cross-breeding method, and a physiological sex conversion method through hormone treatment.

First, the male and female selection method is to breed the aquaticseed produced through the mating for 5 months or more, and then to identify the male and the male through genital observation, and then select only the males and selectively breed the sex. In order to do this, not only long-term breeding is required, but each individual must be judged by each person, so there is a problem in that productivity is lowered because economic losses such as labor costs are eliminated and females occupying half of the seedling production are removed.

Cross-breeding is a method in which only male offspring are produced by cross-breeding between females and other males using sex crystallization mechanisms. Not only can not expect, even if the whole male population is produced, there is a problem that the growth is slow or the body color is poor and the commerciality is lowered.

The physiological sex conversion method through hormone treatment is a method of sex conversion through the treatment of hormones, such as supplying sex hormones (sex steroids) to the feed during a period of individual development during a period of time, feed manufacturing method is cumbersome and storage problems, There is a problem that it is not possible to expect the same hormonal treatment effect on all individuals because the intake of feed between individuals is different. In addition, the loss of fodder spills into the natural waters, which not only entails environmental pollution problems (Gall, AE, 1983, Genetics of Fish: A Summary of Discussion, Aquaculture, 33 (1983), 383-). 394) Sex hormones that remain in fish can act as carcinogens in the human body of these fish (Murad, F. and Haynes, RC, Jr., 1985, Androgens. In., Goodman and Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 7th edition, pp1440-1458), is not safe for humans to industrialize, and there is also a problem that the sale of steroid hormones to the general public is completely prohibited.

Nile tilapia, on the other hand, has a genotype of XX for normal females and XY for normal males. Scott, A.G. Et al. Show that it is possible to produce whole male populations through the crossing of genotype YY with supermales and normal females, and mentions that mass production of genotype YY is problematic (Scott, AG, Penman). , DJ, Beardmore, JA and Skibinski, DOF, The 'YY' Supermale in Oreochromis niloticus (L.) and its Potential in Aquaculture, Aquaculture, 78 (1989 (237-251).

An object of the present invention is to produce a super male of type YY through the production of a super female (YY) in order to improve the productivity and increase the yield of tilapia without causing the conventional problems as described above, and then the growth is It is an economical and efficient way of producing only all male progeny.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a super female of the genotype YY used to produce the whole male population of tilapia as described above and a method of producing the same.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, male (XY) of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is sex-transformed, from which agonogenic diploids are induced to produce supermale (YY), To obtain super females (YY), cross breeding super females (YY) and super males (YY) to produce super males (YY), and cross breeding super males (YY) and normal females (XX) to total males (XY). Provide a way to produce a population.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, male (XY) of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is transgenic, and autologous diploids are induced therefrom to produce supermale (YY). Provided is a method of producing transgenic females of Nile tilapia of genotype YY and ultra-females of Nile tilapia of genotype YY produced thereby.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a structural diagram schematically showing a method for producing a whole male population of tilapia through the production of super females (YY).

In Nile tilapia, the sex determination mechanism is female homozygous, with the normal female genotype XX and the normal male genotype XY. First, normal males (XY) produced through cross-breeding are mixed with oral magnetization hormone to feed to induce physiological sex conversion to produce sex females (pseudofemale, △ XY) (1) 17 β-estradiol is used, and it is preferable to mix the feed at a concentration of 480 ppm for oral administration for 7 to 30 days after incubation.

Traceback of female genotypes by examining the sex ratio of offspring through mating is called the progeny test. Females having a genotype of XY are selected using a sex ratio of progeny resulting from the crossover of the transgenic female (XY) and the normal male (XY) (female: male = 1: 3) (2).

Inactivating the sperm's genetic material so that only the female's genetic material is transferred to the offspring, and after fertilization, inhibiting the release of the second pole is called induction of gynegenetic diploid. That is, after fertilization of eggs obtained from the above-selected females (XY) and sperm genetically inactivated by ultraviolet irradiation, and low-temperature treatment, the release of the second polar body is suppressed to induce a magnetically generated diploid. They produce females with genotype XX and super males (YY) with YY (3).

The gynegenetic diploid progeny is subjected to the progeny assay after the sex transformation treatment as before, to select super females (YY) having the YY genotype (4). When mating with male (XY), the normal female (XX) is female: male = 1: 1, and the ultra-female (YY) is female: male = 0: 1.

The super females (YY) selected in (4) are crossed with the super males (YY) produced in the above (3) to mass-produce the offspring of the former super males (YY) (5).

The supermale (YY) will always produce all male (XY) offspring when crossed with normal female (XX) (6).

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. However, the following Examples are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention thereto.

(Example)

(1) 17-β-estradiol (17-β-estradiol) was added to the offspring produced through cross-breeding at a concentration of 480 ppm. .

(2) When the individuals were bred for a certain period of time and matured, they were crossed with normal males (XY) to examine the sex ratios of their offspring, and females with genotype XY were selected.

(3) The eggs obtained from the above-selected females (XY) and fertilized genetically inactivated tilapia sperm by irradiating 4,050 erg / mm ² of ultraviolet light per second, and then incubated at 25 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then 11 ° C. The magnetically generating diploid was induced by suppressing the discharge of the second polar body by low temperature treatment in water for 60 minutes. The offspring produced females of type XX and supermales of YY.

(4) Before the gonads of the agonogenic diploid progeny were differentiated, some of them were transgenic in the same manner as in the preceding (1). After breeding for a certain period of time, when they matured, females producing all males by mating with normal males (XY) were selected, ie super females with XY genotype.

(5) The super females (YY) selected in (4) were crossed with the super males (YY) produced in the above (3) to mass produce offspring of the former super males (YY).

(6) All male (XY) progeny were produced by simply crossing the supermale (YY) produced in the above (5) with the normal female (XX).

The method of the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) Since all male (XY) offspring are produced by simply breeding the supermale (XY) and normal female (XX), it is not necessary to breed the female for a long time with the male for sex discrimination, and therefore, accordingly Not only is it unnecessary to spend maintenance costs and labor costs required for gender discrimination, but also it can cultivate all the seedlings produced, thereby increasing the productivity.

(2) Because of the method by intra-breeding, it is always possible to successfully produce only all male offspring, and the body color is the same as the parent fish, so that the merchandise is not deteriorated: and

(3) Since the hormone is not used in the final production of the male population, it does not cause various problems such as side effects and environmental destruction caused by the use of the hormone.

Claims (4)

The male (XY) of the nile tilapia (Or. Oreochromis niloticus) is transgenic, and the male embryonic diploid is induced to produce the supermale (YY), which is transsexual to obtain the super female (YY), A method of producing a total male (XY) population by crossing the female (YY) and the male (YY) to produce a male (YY), and crossing the male (YY) and the normal female (XX). The method of claim 1, Wherein said sex reversion is by administration of a magnetizing hormone. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The sex reversal is characterized in that by mixing 17-β- estradiol (17-β-estradiol) in the feed at a concentration of 480 ppm, oral treatment for 7 to 30 days after hatching. A method of sexually transducing males (XY) of nile tilapia (orthochromis niloticus), and inducing agonogenic diploids to produce supermales (YY), and transducing them to produce super females of genotype YY .