KR0130124B1 - High power factor lighting apparatus - Google Patents

High power factor lighting apparatus

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Publication number
KR0130124B1
KR0130124B1 KR1019940017896A KR19940017896A KR0130124B1 KR 0130124 B1 KR0130124 B1 KR 0130124B1 KR 1019940017896 A KR1019940017896 A KR 1019940017896A KR 19940017896 A KR19940017896 A KR 19940017896A KR 0130124 B1 KR0130124 B1 KR 0130124B1
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South Korea
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circuit
output
voltage
wave
capacitor
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KR1019940017896A
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Korean (ko)
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KR960006709A (en
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김충조
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김충조
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Priority to KR1019940017896A priority Critical patent/KR0130124B1/en
Publication of KR960006709A publication Critical patent/KR960006709A/en
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Publication of KR0130124B1 publication Critical patent/KR0130124B1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit for converting AC to 6,12,or 24V DC with high power factor includes a full bridged rectifier, low capacitors(C3,C4) providing output wave being same to rectified one, an output rectifier having a rectifying diode, an inductor and a capacitor for smoothing high frequency, and a feedback compensation circuit stabilizing output AC wave, controlling magnitude of its output to control brightness, and removing steady state output.

Description

고역률 할로겐등 점등장치High power factor halogen lamp lighting device

제1도는 종래의 하프 브리지 컨버터(Half bridge converter)회로.1 is a conventional half bridge converter circuit.

제2도는 본 발명에 따른 고역률 하프 브리지 할로겐등 점등회로.2 is a high power factor half-bridge halogen lamp lighting circuit according to the present invention.

제3도는 제2도의 각 부위 전압 파형도.3 is a waveform diagram of respective parts of FIG. 2.

제4도는 출력전압의 피크치를 검출하는 궤환제어(feedback control)회로.4 is a feedback control circuit for detecting a peak value of an output voltage.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

C3, C4: 저용량 커패시터 Q1, Q2: 반도체 스위치C 3 , C 4 : Low Capacitance Q 1 , Q 2 : Semiconductor Switch

Vin : 입력전압 10, 10' : 제어 및 구동회로Vin: Input voltage 10, 10 ': Control and drive circuit

Vo : 출력전압Vo: Output voltage

본 발명은 하프 브리지 컨버터회로를 응용하여 할로겐 램프를 구동하기 위해 상용전원(110V 또는 220V)으로부터 6V나 12V 또는 24V의 직류전압을 고역률로 만들어 내는 회로에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a circuit for producing a high power factor of a DC voltage of 6V, 12V or 24V from a commercial power supply (110V or 220V) to drive a halogen lamp by applying a half-bridge converter circuit.

일반적으로 하프 브리지 컨버터는 제1도에 나타낸 구조로 하여 직류전원회로에 많이 쓰인다 .여기서는 입력콘덴서 C1, C2가 대용량의 전해콘덴서로써 콘덴서의 충방전에 의해 맥류를 직류로 만드는 평활용으로 쓰이기 때문에 C1, C2양단의 전압파형은 리플은 존재하지만 거의 직류파형에 가까워서 역률(60%)이 좋지 않다.In general, the half-bridge converter has a structure shown in FIG. 1 and is used in a DC power supply circuit.In this case, the input capacitors C 1 and C 2 are large-capacity electrolytic capacitors, which are used for smoothing the pulses of the DC by charging and discharging the capacitor. Therefore, the voltage waveforms at both ends of C 1 and C 2 have ripples, but are almost close to DC waveforms, so the power factor (60%) is not good.

하프 브리지 컨버터를 직류전원회로에 응용하면 상기와 같은 문제는 피할 수 없는 특성이 된다.When the half bridge converter is applied to a DC power supply circuit, the above problem becomes inevitable.

그러나, C1, C2를 저용량의 콘덴서로 대체하여 일정한 튜비티(duty ratio)로 반도체 스위치 Q1, Q2를 구동하면 전파정류된 출력전압 파형을 얻을 수 있기 때문에 고역률 동작이 가능해진다.However, when the semiconductor switches Q 1 and Q 2 are driven at a constant duty ratio by replacing C 1 and C 2 with low-capacitance capacitors, a full-wave rectified output voltage waveform can be obtained, thereby enabling high power factor operation.

출력정류회로(D1, D2, LO, CO)를 제거하여 고주파 전류출력 전압파형을 만들어도 고역률 동작이 가능해지는 데 이때는 할로겐 램프 점등회로가 할로겐 램프에 근접한 곳에 위치해야 한다. 할로겐 램프 점등시스템과 할로겐 램프간의 거리가 멀어도 동작에 지장이 없고 하나의 점등회로로 여러개의 등을 한꺼번에 점등할 수 있는 장치를 필요로 하고 있다.Even if the output rectifier circuits (D 1 , D 2 , L O , C O ) are removed to make a high frequency current output voltage waveform, high power factor operation is possible. In this case, the halogen lamp lighting circuit should be located close to the halogen lamp. Even if the distance between the halogen lamp lighting system and the halogen lamp is far, there is no problem in operation and there is a need for a device that can light several lights at the same time with one lighting circuit.

따라서, 본 발명은 일반조명등 및 수술등과 같은 중전력용(200∼1000W)의 할로겐 등을 원거리에서 점등시킬 수 있고 별도의 회로없이 고역률로 동작하며 밝기 조절이 가능한 점등장치를 제공하기 위한 것이다.Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a lighting device capable of lighting a halogen lamp of medium power (200 ~ 1000W) such as a general lighting lamp and a surgical lamp at a long distance and operates at a high power factor without a separate circuit and the brightness can be adjusted.

이하, 본 발명을 첨부도면을 참고하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

제2도는 본 발명의 고역률 할로겐등 점등장치의 회로도이다. 제2도에 나타난 바와 같이 본 발명은 크게 다이오드 4개를 사용하여 교류의 전주기를 이용하여 정류하는 브리지 전파정류회로와, 고주파 스위칭용의 반도체 스위치(Q1, Q2)와, 전파정류되어 얻어진 맥류를 평활화시키는 저용량의 커패시터 (C3, C4)와, 절연트랜스포머(T)와, 출력정류회로(D1, D2, LO, CO) 및 궤환제어회로로 구성된다.2 is a circuit diagram of a high power factor halogen lamp lighting device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the present invention is a bridge full-wave rectification circuit rectified by using a full period of alternating current using four diodes, semiconductor switches Q 1 and Q 2 for high frequency switching, and are obtained by full-wave rectification. capacitor of low capacity for smoothing the pulsating flow is (C 3, C 4) and the insulating transformer (T), an output rectifier circuit (D 1, D 2, L O, C O), and consists of a feedback control circuit.

여기서, 상기 반도체 스위치(Q1,Q2)는 고주파 스위칭이 가능한 전력용 MOSFET가 적당하며, 커패시터 C3, C4는 동일한 값의 저용량(대략 1μF이하)으로서 고압,고주파용의 폴리프로필렌 커패시티를 사용한다. 따라서, 상기 커패시터 C3, C4의 양단전압은 종래의 대용량의 전해콘덴서와는 달리 평활한 직류전압이 얻어지는 것이 아니라 입력전압과 동일한 전파정류전압 파형이 얻어진다.Here, the semiconductor switches Q 1 and Q 2 are suitable power MOSFETs capable of high frequency switching, and capacitors C 3 and C 4 are low-capacity (approximately 1 μF or less) of the same value, and are polypropylene capacity for high voltage and high frequency. Use Therefore, unlike the conventional large-capacity electrolytic capacitor, the voltages at both ends of the capacitors C 3 and C 4 do not obtain a smooth DC voltage, but a full-wave rectified voltage waveform equal to the input voltage.

또한, 상기 D1, D2는 출력정류 다이오드로서 스위칭 속도가 아주 빠른 전력용 다이오드가 적합하다. L0는 고주파 평활용 인덕터이고, CO는 고주파 평활용 콘덴서이다.In addition, D 1 and D 2 are output rectifying diodes, and power diodes having a very fast switching speed are suitable. L 0 is a high frequency smoothing inductor and C O is a high frequency smoothing capacitor.

상기 T는 절연트랜스포머로써 1차대 2차의 비가 1:N:N으로서 1차전압을 필요한 저낭ㅂ으로 변압하는 기능을 하는 것이다.The T is an insulation transformer, and the ratio of primary to secondary is 1: N: N, and serves to transform the primary voltage into necessary low vesicles.

또한, 상기 궤환회로는 구동회로(10)와 제어회로, 밝기 조절회로 및 보호회로(10')와 전원회로(11)로 구성되며 이들 회로는 모두 공지의 IC로서 상기 제2도상에 블록도로 나타내었다. 상기 제어회로는 출력전압의 안정화를 위한 것이며 일반 스위칭 모드 파워서플라이(SMPS)에서 처럼 펄스폭 변조(PWM) 제어를 수행한다. 또한, 상기 밝기 조절회로는 할로겐등의 조광을 조절하기 위한 것이다.In addition, the feedback circuit is composed of a driving circuit 10, a control circuit, a brightness control circuit, a protection circuit 10 'and a power supply circuit 11, all of which are known ICs and are shown in the block diagram on the second diagram. It was. The control circuit is for stabilizing the output voltage and performs pulse width modulation (PWM) control as in a normal switching mode power supply (SMPS). In addition, the brightness control circuit is for adjusting the dimming of the halogen lamp.

제2도의 회로에서, 고주파 스위칭 동작을 하며 출력전압이 스위칭주기동안 Q1과 Q2가 켜져있는 시간에 따라 변화는 것은 종래의 하프 브리지 컨버터와 동일하다. 그러나 커패시터 C3, C4의 정전용량이 작기 때문에 그 양단의 전압은 입력전압 Vin을 전파정류한 파형이고 출력전압 Vo 역시 전파정류된 정현파이다.In the circuit of FIG. 2, it is the same as that of the conventional half bridge converter in which the high frequency switching operation is performed and the output voltage changes according to the time when Q 1 and Q 2 are turned on during the switching period. However, due to the small capacitances of capacitors C 3 and C 4 , the voltage across them is a waveform that is full-wave rectified with the input voltage Vin, and the output voltage Vo is a full-wave rectified sine wave.

회로 각 부위의 동작파현을 제3도에 나타내었다. 제3도에서 커패시터 C3및 C4양단전압 Vc1과 Vc2는 용량이 적기 때문에 전압리플이 크게 보이는 데 이 리플의 크기는 다음식으로 주어진다.The operation wave of each part of the circuit is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the voltage across the capacitors C 3 and C 4 Vc 1 and Vc 2 has a small capacity, so the voltage ripple is large. The magnitude of the ripple is given by the following equation.

△ Vc1= △Vc2= (N²·υs·io)/(8υo·fs·C)Δ Vc 1 = ΔVc 2 = (N²υsio) / (8υofsfsC)

여기서 △ Vc1과 △Vc2는 각각 C3과 C4의 피크투피크(pick-to-pick)전압리플을 의미하고 N은 트랜스포모 T의 1차대 2차의 비이고, fs는 스위칭 주파수이며 커패시터 C1과 C2는 같은 값인 C로 가정했다.Where Δ Vc 1 and ΔVc 2 are the pick-to-pick voltage ripples of C 3 and C 4 , respectively, N is the ratio of the primary to secondary of the transformer form T, fs is the switching frequency, and the capacitor C 1 and C 2 are assumed to be the same value of C.

출력전압파형 Vo는 제3도에 보인 바와 같이 정현파를 전파정류한 모양이므로 이 정현파의 피키값을 검출하여 출력전압 안정화를 꾀할 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 3, the output voltage waveform Vo has the shape of full-wave rectification of the sinusoidal wave, so that the output voltage can be stabilized by detecting the picky value of the sinusoidal wave.

제4도는 출력전압의 피크값을 감지하여 출력전압을 안정화시키기 위한 궤환 제어회로를 나타낸다.4 shows a feedback control circuit for detecting a peak value of an output voltage to stabilize the output voltage.

제4도에서 출력전압 Vo는 R1과 R2에 의해 분압되고 다이오드 D3를 통해 콘덴서 C5에 충전된다. 이와같은 궤환회로를 구성하면서 콘덴서 C5가 등가적으로 전압원으로 보이기 때문에 피드백 보상회로가 간단해지는 장점이 있다. 오류증폭기 OP에 저항 R3과 커패시터 C6만으로 보상회로가 구성되어 있다. 이 회로는 적분회로인데 정상상태오류를 제거한다. 오류증폭기 OP와 비교기 COM 그리고 톱날파 발생기는 통상적으로 시판되는 제어 IC 내부(예를 들어,모델명 3235)에 내장되어 있다.In FIG. 4, the output voltage Vo is divided by R 1 and R 2 and charged to capacitor C 5 through diode D 3 . While configuring the feedback circuit, the feedback compensation circuit is simplified because the capacitor C 5 is equivalently seen as a voltage source. The compensator consists of the resistor R 3 and the capacitor C 6 in the error amplifier OP. This circuit is an integral circuit that eliminates steady-state errors. The error amplifier OP, the comparator COM and the sawtooth generator are built into a commercially available control IC (eg model 3235).

OP앰프의 기준전압 Vr을 가변하여 조광기능을 얻는 방법은 종래의 입력측에서의 위상제어에 의한 방법보다 조광범위가 넓고(최고 출력의 10%에서 100%까지 조광가능) 동작이 안정된다.The method of obtaining the dimming function by varying the reference voltage Vr of the op amp has a wider dimming range (dimmable from 10% to 100% of the maximum output) than the conventional method of phase control on the input side, and the operation is stable.

이상 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 회로는 출력전압 파형을 입력전압 파형과 동일하게 되도록 회로를 구성하여 고역률을 얻을 수 있으며(99%) 트랜스포머를 통과한 고주파 스위칭 파형을 고주파 평활회로를 통해 평활시켰기 때문에 점등장치와 램프가 멀리 떨어져 있어도 동작에 지장이 없다.As described above, the circuit according to the present invention can obtain a high power factor by configuring the circuit so that the output voltage waveform is the same as the input voltage waveform (99%) and smooth the high frequency switching waveform passed through the transformer through the high frequency smoothing circuit. Therefore, even if the lighting device and the lamp are far apart, operation does not interfere.

따라서, 본 발명의 회로는 수술등처럼 한꺼번에 여러개의 등이 붙어있는 중전력용(200∼1000W) 등기구를 멀리 떨어진 제어함에서 점등시키는 데 적합하다. 그리고, 피크전압센서방식을 채택했기 때문에 궤환보상회로가 간단해지고 조광조절회로도 간단해지는 장점이 있다.Therefore, the circuit of the present invention is suitable for lighting a heavy power (200-1000W) luminaire to which several lamps are attached at once, such as a surgical lamp, in a remote control box. In addition, since the peak voltage sensor method is adopted, the feedback compensation circuit is simplified and the dimming control circuit is also simplified.

Claims (2)

(정정) 상용 교류전원의 정현파 교류전압을 전파정류하기 위하여 4개의 다이오드로 이루어진 브리지 전파정류회로의; 상기 브리지 전파정류회로를 통해 전파정류된 전압파형과 동일한 출력전압파형을 생성하기 위한 저용량의 고주파 커패시터(C3,C4)와; 상기 저용량의 고주파 커패시터를 거쳐 분압된 전압파형을 정류하는 정류다이오드와 고주파 평활용의 인덕터 및 커패시티로 구성되는 출력정류회로와; 상기 출력정류회로를 통해 출력되는 교류전압파형을 안정화시키고 그 크기제어를 통해 할로겐등의 조광을 조절하며 정상상태오류를 제거하기 위한 궤환보상회로를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고역률의 할로겐 점등장치.(Correction) of a full-wave bridge rectifier circuit consisting of four diodes for full-wave rectification of sine wave AC voltage of commercial AC power; Low-capacity high frequency capacitors C 3 and C 4 for generating an output voltage waveform equal to the voltage waveform rectified by the bridge full-wave rectification circuit; An output rectifying circuit comprising a rectifying diode for rectifying the divided voltage waveform through the low frequency high frequency capacitor, an inductor for high frequency smoothing, and a capacitance; And a feedback compensating circuit for stabilizing the AC voltage waveform output through the output rectifying circuit and controlling dimming of the halogen lamp by controlling the magnitude thereof, and removing a steady state error. (정정)제1항에 있어서, 상기 궤환보상회로가 상기 출력정류회로의 출력전압을 분압하기 위한 분압저항(R1,R2)과; 상기 분압저항을 통해 분압된 전압의 피크값을 감지하기 위하여 다이오드(D3)와 커패시터(C5)로 구성된 피크값 감지회로와; 상기 피크값의 정상상태오류를 제거하기 위하여 오류증폭기(OP)와 저항(R3) 및 커패시터(C6)로 구성되는 적분회로 및 상기 적분회로를 통해 출력된 값을 톱날파와 비교하여 구동회로에 인가하는 비교기(COM)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고역률 할로겐등 점등장치.(Correction) The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the feedback compensating circuit comprises: a divider resistor (R 1 , R 2 ) for dividing an output voltage of the output rectifying circuit; A peak value sensing circuit composed of a diode D 3 and a capacitor C 5 to sense the peak value of the voltage divided by the voltage divider; In order to eliminate the steady state error of the peak value, an integrated circuit consisting of an error amplifier (OP), a resistor (R 3 ) and a capacitor (C 6 ) and a value outputted through the integrated circuit are compared with a saw blade wave to a driving circuit. A high power factor halogen lamp lighting device comprising a comparator (COM) to be applied.
KR1019940017896A 1994-07-23 1994-07-23 High power factor lighting apparatus KR0130124B1 (en)

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