KR0120211B1 - Decolorizing method for camel wool and yak wool - Google Patents

Abstract

A fiber is immersed in the hydroxide to scour the fiber and to remove the remaining chemicals and the floating material. It is subjected to the treatment of the processing tub in which sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, pyrophosphoric acid and a bleaching agent are reacted for 90 minutes at the temperature 40-50 degree C, the fiber which is removed of the natural color is improved, the floating material produced is removed and is washed for better effect. Further, it is given treatment in a scouring agent for 5 minutes at the temperature of 40 degree C, dehydrated and running a bath again to be secondly decolorized and oxidized.

Description

How to discolor camel hats and yak hats

The present invention relates to a method of decolorizing the natural color of the fiber (natural color) brown or black, cream, pale yellow and the like.

More specifically, it is a method of decolorizing camel hair and yak hair of camel hair fiber among hair fibers obtained from animals other than sheep.

In the conventional case, the cashmere fiber is known as the most delicate and flexible fiber among animal hair fibers, and the hair is composed of long hair with a coarse grain, Medulla, and no medula hair. As a result of uniformity, it is among the most expensive fiber raw materials obtained from animals.

It is mixed with various kinds of colors, such as cream color and pale yellow, and has been used by classifying it into hair length such as color, long hair, and inner hair.

And camel hair collects and uses natural hair loss in a hair loss unit together.

Camel hair can be divided into two classes, which are short hairs (about 5 cm) and very soft, but long hair (40 cm) with low thermal conductivity and elasticity, long hair (40 cm), and high tensile strength and elastic hair.

Since the above two hairs are bald at the same time in a hair loss, mutual separation is difficult.

And the camel's hair does not discolor and reaches the limited range of color of dark brown and navy black, and the yak hair is 4,000-6,00Om above the plateau of Tibet Himalayas. He lives in herds in the barren eleventh region and is called Liu, which is said to be located in the middle of Yau and ordinary Wu.

In the natural state of hair as well, the dyeing range by dyeing is dark brown and navy black.

The unique natural color of camel hair and yak hair is discolored, that is, it is possible to dye only limited colors by refining it with white or pale bright colors, but it is possible to broaden the dyeing range that can be dyed in various colors. There are features of this method.

This increases the possibility of scouring bleaching hair of other hair fibers other than wool fibers, and can manipulate colors by various dyeings, thereby greatly contributing to the production of high value-added fibers.

First of all, the conventional technology and its problems include a technique for discoloring only hairs of animals such as mohair fibers other than wool, cashmere goats of the goat family, and angora rabbit hair and horses. Only hydrogen peroxide has been used as a bleaching agent to bleach the animal's hair.

In the case of bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, the above four kinds of hair fibers other than wool are not obtained satisfactory bleaching, but rather, the quality of the fibers tends to be deteriorated.

The current level of technology is only a very small kind of decolorization by refining and bleaching and the width of the object.

In further detail, the hair dye of the present invention is very sensitive to alkali or temperature, and also has a milling when mechanical pressure is involved in the wet state.

Therefore, mild alkali chemicals are refined at low temperatures and stirring during processing should be avoided as much as possible.

Hair refining has a lot of influence on the following spinning, dyeing, milling, etc., so it must be treated with great care.

In the present invention, the working process is based on the process of dilution of the preparation for refining → injecting water → penetrating into the blood.

For camel hair, refining is primarily intended to open up the protein molecular structure of the hair, which facilitates the penetration of the drug.

Soak 25% of refiner (Penet-T) and ammonium hydroxide (NH ₄ OH) at 30 ℃ -45 ℃ for 20-30 minutes. (PENET-T is a chemical composition required for refining, abbreviated as indicated)

PENET-T is alkaline, and weakly alkaline ammonium hydroxide (NH ₄ OH) acts as an auxiliary aid to promote refining, and the hair's fat is well soluble in soap and alkali. have.

Therefore, in this process, not only the dust dust (impurity) and the fat and the like of the hair can be removed, but also hatching and dispersing powers that prevent them from being attached to the fibers again.

After a certain period of time after immersion, the remaining preparation is dehydrated but not washed.

The refining agent (PENET-T) used in this process is made of a chemical refining composition for the progress of refining.

① DIAKYL SULPATE Reactant

Water-removed compound bonded between OH-based compound and acid, and is a compound of inorganic salt (Inorganic acid ester)

ALCOL + ACID ESTER + WATER

2ROH + HOSO ₂ H ROSO ₂ OR [(RO) ₂ SO ₂ R ₂ SO ₂ ]

DIALKYL SULFATE

(R: CH ₃ CH ₂ )

② Ethyl ether (ETHYL ETH degree R)

C ₂ H ₅ -OC ₂ H ₅

Ethyl Alcohol Reactant

It consists of aliphatic compounds with OH groups

to be.

25% of ammonium hydroxide (NH ₄ OH) promotes the refining process stably, and the weak alkalinity of aqueous ammonia in ammonium hydroxide (NH ₄ OH, AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE) is NH ₃ + H ₂ 0 NH ₄ ^{+ +} OH ^- OH which is ^by-but because the need to consider the presence of NH ₄ 0H, and the reaction of aqueous ammonia (水) will be described as the reaction of the NH ₄ OH solution for convenience.

After this operation, the use of acid-based preparations in the treatment for swelling of the hair fibers improves (promotes) the swelling properties, and the preparations and treatments necessary for this improvement include sodium chloride (NaCl), tartaric acid (TAR TARIC Acid, C ₄ H ₆ O ₆ )

Formulation solution of iron sulfate (IRON SULFATE, FeSo ₄ ) and formaldehyde (FORMALDEHYDE, HCHO, METALAL) was immersed together with the treated material (hair, hair) for 140 minutes at a temperature of 20 ° C-40 ° C- Place in reservoir for 160 minutes.

Most of the preparations used in this process are preparations of acid systems.

In the refining process of the raw materials of the previous step, the treatment step includes weakly acidic properties. Treated materials are processed after the predetermined time described above. Remaining preparations are dehydrated and do not wash with water.

During the preparation, sodium chloride (NaCl, SODIUM CHLORIDE) is called salt, and the refined ingredient is used as this ingredient.

In addition, TAR TARIC ACID (C ₄ H ₆ O ₆ ) re-crystallizes tar tar (impurity potassium hydrogen tartarate produced during fermentation of wine), dissolves in water, precipitates by adding calcium carbonate and calcium chloride to precipitate weak (sulfur) sulfuric acid. It is prepared by acting as a free acid solution and evaporating crystallization.

Iron sulphate (IRON SULFATE, FeSo ₄ ) is made by dissolving iron in weak sulfuric acid or by oxidizing pyrite ore naturally.

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a colorless gas with an irritating odor, soluble in water. 40% aqueous solution is called formarin. It is used as a bactericide.

When platinum or copper is heated red and passed through a mixed gas of methyl alcohol and air, it is produced as a change of CH ₃ OH + O → HCHO + H ₂ O by contact action, and the heat of reaction becomes a catalyst ( Heating iii) does not require continuous heating.

Pure is made by drying, distillation of calcium formate: (HCOOH) ₂ Ca → HCH0 + CaCo ₃ . It is easy to superpose | polymerize.

In the oxidative decolorization process, the primary color of fiber (NATURAL COLOR) is decolorized and oxidized, and the preparation of the decoloring bath is pyrophosphoric acid (DIPHOSPHORIC ACID), hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ , HYDROGEN PEROXIDE) and Bleach (520S) (520S is a chemical composition for promoting the process of oxidative decolorization, a bleach as a bleach for metals and ions, abbreviated as 520S). Hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) has a permanent bleaching effect on the fibers (hair, hair) and is the most suitable bleach of hair fibers.

This bleach 520S and its auxiliary adjuvant were adjusted to weak alkaline with PH8.5-9 and treated in an immersion bath for a time of 180 minutes at a temperature of 40 ° C-60 ° C.

Since this treatment is an oxidation process, heat is generated to raise the temperature, so attention is required to maintain the above temperature conditions, and when there is a problem in maintaining this condition, the cause of lowering the stiffness of the raw material (fiber, hair, hair) is reduced. This fiber becomes weak in tensile strength.

This treatment is effective in decolorizing and oxidizing the primary color of the fiber, and decolorization of about 90% occurs. Adjusting the acid concentration to weak alkali towards PH8.5-9 has the effect of suppressing the temperature rise against heat generation by the oxidation process. The preparation remaining after the treatment of the bleached fibers is not washed with water after dehydration.

PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID is a diphosphoric acid (DIPHOSPHORIC ACID H ₄ P ₂ O ₇ ), a kind of polyphosphoric acid, and is a large crystal obtained by heating orthoincin (H ₃ PO ₄ ) for a long time at 200-3OO ° C. ) Or soluble in glass scars, water, alcohol, ether, and white silver salts precipitate due to the action of silver nitrate. When heated together with water at a melting point of 61 ° C., it becomes orthophosphoric acid again.

Phosphoric acid is a kind of adjuvant that improves the bleaching power of bleach. Hydrogen peroxide (HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, H ₂ O ₂ ) is industrially used to increase the pressure of ammonium peroxo disulphate solution, which is produced by electrolysis of ammonium hydrogen sulfate. Distilled (cut off and evaporated).

2NH ₄ HSO ₄ + 0 → H ₂ O + (NH ₄ ) ₂ S ₂ O ₈ , (NH ₄ ) ₂ S ₂ O ₈ + 2H ₂ O → (NH ₄ ) ₂ S0 ₄ + H ₂ SO + H ₂ 0

Pure hydrogen peroxide is colorless, oily liquid, melting point 0.89 ℃, boiling point 152.1 ℃ (1 atmosphere), specific gravity 1.465, oxidizing agent and its action is severe in alkaline solution.

Widely used as bleach, disinfectant, analytical oxidant.

The solution is an acid strengthening aid to improve the bleaching power of the bleach 520S, and the bleach 520S is a bleach for metal ion decolorization.

CLCH ₂ CH ₂ CL + 2NH ₃ → NH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ NH ₂ + 2HCL

520S

When halogenated by addition of halide (CL ₂ ) to ethyllan (CH ₂ CH ₂ )

NH ₃ + H ₂ O in ammonium hydroxide (NH ₄ OH) NH ₄ ⁺ + OH ⁻ , consisting of ethylene compound and ammonium hydroxide

In addition, OXALIC ACID (COOH) ₂ 2H ₂ O was removed to remove the chemicals remaining after the refined bleaching treatment on the fibers and to remove the floating (floating) substances due to the bleaching. Soak for 30 minutes in a cold bath (18 ° C-20 ° C temperature).

Fisheries (OXALIC ACID The acyl group corresponding to the carboxylic acid corresponding to the ethane diacid is called oxal (monovalent) and oxaryl (divalent).

The melting point of the hydrate is anhydrous at 101 ° C and l00 ° C.

Oxalic acid is prepared by heating sodium formate or by adding alkali hydroxide to sawdust and adding heat to dissolve the salt in water to decompose the precipitate as calcium salt into weak sulfuric acid and evaporate the solution. The solution used for this treatment contains an alkaline component.

Reducing the oxidized fiber increases the whiteness of the bleached fiber (hair and hair) in natural color (NATURAL COLOR), and to improve it, sodium sulfate (Na ₂ So ₂ ), sodium chloride (NaCl), PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID (DIPHOSPHORIC ACID, H ₄ P ₂ O ₇ ) and bleach (520S) are treated for 90 minutes at 40 ° C-50 ° C.

Bleaching by the bleach 520S is enhanced by adding sulfuric acid with sodium sulfate (Na ₂ So ₄ ). The nature of this solution includes the reactivity of neutralization.

This process removes suspended solids after treatment and flushes the fibers once more to improve their effectiveness.

Sodium sulfate (Na ₂ So ₄ , SODIUN SULFATE) obtains anhydrous salt when strong heating of sodium chloride and concentrated sulfuric acid, and 10 hydrochloride below 32.38 ℃ in aqueous solution neutralized with sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. Na ₂ So ₄ 10H ₂ O is determined. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a salt.

Bleaching by the bleach 520S is enhanced by adding sulfuric acid with sodium sulfate (Na ₂ So ₄ ). The nature of this solution includes the reactivity of neutralization.

After that, it is treated with a refiner (PENET-T) for about 5 minutes at a temperature of 40 ° C. PENET-T is a name abbreviated as refining chemical composition.

With this decolorization treatment, the time required for decolorization of the camel (CAMEL) hair is usually about 7 hours 30 minutes-8 hours.

Yak hair is treated in the process of decolorization of camel hair, improving the swelling properties of the fibers described above, swelling properties of the fibers, and oxidizing and dehydration and the treatment of fish in cold baths to remove residual chemicals and suspended solids. PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID is a treatment process to reduce the natural color of the fiber by oxidizing the reduction process to increase the degree of (WHITE) and the final process of refining agent (PENET-T), which is the last post-treatment. ) DIPHOSPHORIC ACID, hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ , HYDROGEN PEROXIDE) and 520S (bleach, metal ion decolorizing detergent) were used at 40 ℃ -60 ℃ temperature condition for 180 minutes under mild alkali of PH8.5-9 ( After this process, which is the process of treatment in the immersion tank for one minute, dehydrates the preparation solution, receives water again, and adds the above-mentioned chemicals again to perform the second process of decolorization oxidation. .

Therefore, the yak hair bleaching is repeated two times in the bleaching process: the refining of the raw material → the swelling of the fiber (enhancement) → oxidation decolorization (primary) → oxidation decolorization (secondary) → fishery treatment (cold bath). 10 hours, which is 3 hours longer than 7 hours 30 minutes-8 hours 30 minutes to carry out bleaching of camel hair by performing processes such as reduction process (white weight middle weight) refining agent (PENET-T) It will take 30 minutes-11 hours.

In terms of effects, in the past, hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) was used as a bleaching agent for decolorizing animal hair such as horses, and this drug had a weakness of decolorization and marked damage to the matrix. Animal hair fibers other than wool were only a fraction of the treated materials, such as mohair, cashmere and rabbit hair.

By such a method for treating fibers, the stiffness of fibers (hair and hair) has been lowered after decolorizing, and in some cases, the spinning property is reduced or impossible due to fiber damage.

By the way, the fiber (hair, hair) treated by the same process as the present invention is maintained in the elongation, and the range of dyeing of camel hair (CAMEL hair) and yak hair (YAK hair) was limited under natural color (NATURAL COLOR), Due to the discoloration, it becomes white, and hair dyeing can be processed in all possible colors, and the spinning property is improved by maintaining the strength of the fiber, thus improving the quality of the product and the high value-added hair products. It has the effect of producing.

Example 1

Bleaching Camel Hair

(1) refining of raw materials

It is refined under the following conditions and the preparation is not washed after dehydration.

25% NH ₄ OH stably promotes the refining process.

PENET-T (refining agent): 5G / L

NH ₄ OH (ammonia water): 2G / L

(PENET-T, refers to refiner chemical composition)

Temperature: 30 degrees Celsius-45 degrees Celsius

Time: 20-30 minutes

(2) improvement of swelling property of fiber

Processed under the following conditions and the preparation is not washed with water after dehydration.

NACL (salt): 20G / L

C ₄ H ₆ O ₆ (tartaric acid): 1.56G / L

FeSo ₄ (iron sulfate): ₄ G / L

FORMALDEHYDE (HCHO): 3G / L

Temperature: 20 ℃ -4O ℃

Time: 140 minutes-160 minutes

(3) oxide decolorization

Discoloration under the following conditions and after completion of discoloration, the preparation is not washed after dehydration

PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID 10G / L

H ₂ O ₂ 35% 30G / L

520S (Bleach) 10G / L

(Abbreviation for deionizer composition for metal ions)

PH8.5-9, weakly alkaline

Temperature 40 ℃ -60 ℃

Time: 180 minutes

In the case of yak hair (YAK wool), the treatment of this condition is dehydrated after the first treatment (3 hours), added with water, and immersed in the medicine again. (3 hours)

(4) Removal of residual chemicals and discolored suspended solids

(COOH) ₂ 2H ₂ O (hydroxyl): 0.5G / L

Cold bath (18 ℃ -20 ℃)

Time: Soak 30 minutes

(5) Reduction process and increase of whiteness

Under the following conditions, suspended solids are removed and the fibers are washed twice.

Na ₂ So ₄ (Sodium Sulfate): 5G / L

NaCl (Sodium Chloride): 20G / L

PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID 1G / L

520S (Bleach) 10G / L

(Denoted bleach chemical composition)

Temperature: 40 ℃ -50 ℃

Time: 90 minutes

(6) refining agent

Refiner (PENET-T): 0.5G / L

Temperature condition: 40 ℃

Time: 5 minutes

As mentioned above, an important point of the process and method of the present invention is to perform the step of having white (WHITE color) by decolorization in a specially determined order.

This step is

In the first step, an alkali system (refining of raw materials) and an acid system (promoting swelling of fibers) are used as a preparation liquid of a refined product (camel hair, yakmo).

The second step is treated by a peroxide bleaching bath with hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ 0 ₂ ), an acidity aid and a bleach (chemical detergent).

The third step is to increase the reduction and whiteness of the oxidized fibers (hair and hair) by removing residual floats and decolorization, and to finish refining.

The process presented in the treatment of each of these steps is a specially defined sequence that is part of the critical elements of the present invention and cannot be compared to the general treatment methods, and the remaining elements are physical and chemical properties, which are treated at treatment temperatures or mixed. It is ratio of liquid (bath solution), time, etc.

In addition, there are specially defined subsidiary processes, such as washing and neutralizing.

This is because it is a major factor affecting the final product of the fibers (hair, hair).

Claims (11)

The camel hair or yak hair is refined with an alkali compound of refiner (PENET-T) and ammonium hydroxide (NH ₄ OH), and the refined fiber (hair, hair) is salted (NaCl). , TAR TARIC ACID (C ₄ H ₆ O ₆ ), iron sulfate (FeSo ₄ ), formaldehyde (HCHO) acid system of the preparation using the acid system to promote the swelling and the treated product (fiber) Pyrophosphoric acid (PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID), hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ), bleach (520S, deionizing agent for metal ions) to decolorize, and weak alkali to suppress the temperature rise due to heat generated in the oxidation process By controlling, remove the cause of the deterioration of strength and elongation, and remove residual chemicals and turbid suspended solids in cold bath with OXALIC ACID ((COOH) ₂ 2H ₂ O) and remove sodium sulfate (Na ₂ So ₄ ), sodium chloride ( NaCl), PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID, Bleach (520S, aka Bleaching Chemical Composition) By reducing the oil and treated by contacting the following refiner (PENET-T, a type of refiner chemical composition), characterized in the step of bleaching the fibers (camels (CAMEL), Mo (毛), yakeumo (YAK, 毛). The compound according to claim 1, consisting of 5G / L of refiner (PENET-T) and 2G / L of ammonium hydroxide (NH ₄ OH) (25%), a weakly alkaline adjuvant that promotes refining, at a temperature of 30 ° C-45 ° C. 20 minutes to 30 minutes of treatment. According to claim 1, consisting of salt (NaCl) 20G / L, tartaric acid (C ₄ H ₆ O ₆ ) 1.5G / L, iron sulfate (FeSo ₄ ) 4G / L, formaldehyde (HCHO) 3G / L and 20 ℃ Process for 140 minutes-60 minutes at a temperature of -40 ℃ to promote swelling. The composition of claim 1, wherein the pyrophosphoric acid is 10 G / L, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), 30 G / L, bleach (520S) 10 G / L to decolorize the color of the fiber (NATURAL COLOR). Characterized in that the treatment for 180 minutes at a temperature of 40 ℃-60 ℃. According to claim 1, OXALIC ACID (COOH) ₂ 2H ₂ O) 30 minutes in a 0.5G / L cold bath (18 ℃ -20 ℃) to treat the residual drug and the discolored suspended solids By an adjuvant process of decolorization by removal. The method of claim 1, wherein the reduction process to increase the white (WHITE) state of the fiber (hair, hair) sodium sulfate (Na ₂ So ₄ ) 5G / L, sodium chloride (NaCl) 20G / L, pyrophosphoric acid (PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID) 1G / L, bleach (520P) A method characterized in that 90 minutes of treatment at a temperature of 40 ℃ to 50 ℃ formulation prepared with 10G / L. The method according to claim 1, wherein 0.5 G / L of a refining agent (PENET-T) is treated at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 5 minutes after the reduction treatment. The method according to claim 4, wherein the preparation solution is adjusted to weak alkaline with PH8.5-9 to suppress the temperature rise. The method of claim 4, wherein the yak hair (YAK hair) is first treated with decolorization, dehydrating the pharmaceutical preparations, and then receiving water and adding a chemical agent to decolorize the treatment. The method according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the preparation remaining after the process is not washed with water after dehydration. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the washing (washing) is performed once more at the same time as removing the suspended solids generated in the reduction process.