JPWO2021243282A5 - - Google Patents

Claims (24)

A process for catalytic cracking of carbon-containing feedstock, the process comprising:
contacting a carbon-containing feedstock with a heterogeneous catalyst composition in a reactor system, the contacting being in the presence of an oxidizing agent, producing a product compound; and recovering the product compound;
including;
here:
The heterogeneous catalyst composition comprises a metal catalyst dispersed in a molten salt matrix comprising a eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides;
A process in which the metal catalyst includes a transition metal compound and a rare earth metal compound. 2. The process of claim 1 , which is an autothermal process. 3. The process of claim 1 or 2 , wherein the contacting is carried out at a temperature of about 750<0>C or less. 4. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the contacting is performed at a temperature of about 650°C or less. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , which is a continuous, semi-continuous or batch process. Any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the product compounds include light olefins, α-olefins, terminal dienes, substituted and unsubstituted aromatic compounds, aldehydes, oxygenates, or a combination of any two or more thereof. The process described in. The produced compounds are ethene, propene, 1-butene, 2-methyl-but-1-ene, 1-n-pentene, 1-n-hexene, 2-methyl-pent-1-ene, 3-methyl-pent- 1-ene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene, Process according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , comprising α-methylstyrene, naphthalene, anthracene, or a combination of two or more thereof. The carbon-containing raw material includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybutadiene, polystyrene, poly-α-methylstyrene, polaacrylate, poly(meth)acrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, or a combination of two or more of these. 8. The process of claim 7 , comprising a polymer. Refinery hydrocarbons where the carbon-containing feedstock includes asphalt, vacuum residue, heavy residual oil, paraffin wax, pyrolysis wax, lubricating oil, diesel, kerosene, naphtha, gasoline, or a combination of two or more of these. 9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the process comprises a range of hydrocarbons. 10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the refined scope hydrocarbon comprises n-hexane. 10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the refined scope hydrocarbon comprises n-hexadecane. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the carbon-containing feedstock comprises lignin , fatty acids, vegetable oils, municipal waste, and paper waste, or a combination of any two or more thereof . Oxidizing agents include O ₂ , NO _x , SO _x , nitrates, hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides, and non-metal element oxides such as boron oxides, nitrogen oxides, phosphorus oxides, sulfur oxides, chlorine oxides. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of bromine oxides and bromine oxides. The oxidizing agent is oxygen, introduced into the reactor as a purified _O2 stream, air, or a mixture of _O2 or air and a diluent, and the diluent is methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, helium, or the like. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , which is a combination of any two or more of the following. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 14 , wherein the reactor system comprises a single reactor or at least a first reactor and a second reactor in series. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 15 , wherein the reactor system comprises a single reactor and the heterogeneous catalyst is contacted with the carbon-containing feedstock. The reactor system includes a first reactor and a second reactor connected in series, and the heterogeneous catalyst composition of the first reactor is the same or different from the heterogeneous catalyst composition of the second reactor. , a process according to any one of claims 1 to 16 . A heterogeneous catalyst composition is prepared outside the reaction system; it is then loaded into the reaction system to perform catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons, where the heterogeneous catalyst comprises:
combining a mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides to form a salt matrix comprising a eutectic salt mixture;
adding a metal catalyst precursor to the salt matrix to form a catalyst precursor mixture;
and heating the catalyst precursor mixture at a temperature of about 250°C to about 750°C to form a metal catalyst dispersed in the molten salt;
prepared by a process comprising;
The metal catalyst precursor contains a metal compound selected from the group consisting of a transition metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, and a combination of two or more of these.
Process according to any one of claims 1 to 17 . a heterogeneous catalyst is prepared within the reaction system by loading the reaction system volume with a catalyst precursor mixture and internally heating at a process temperature;
The catalyst precursor mixture comprises a salt matrix comprising a eutectic mixture of a mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides, and a transition metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, or a combination of any two or more thereof. and a metal catalyst precursor comprising at least one metal compound selected from the following . 20. A process according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the metal catalyst precursor comprises a carbonate of Ce. 21. The metal catalyst precursor according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the metal catalyst precursor comprises carbonates of Cu and Ce and the salt matrix comprises a mixture of carbonates or hydroxides of Li, Na and K. process. The metal catalyst precursor includes _a mixture of _Cu2 (OH) _2CO3 , and _Ce2 ( _CO3 ) _3.xH2O , and the salt matrix includes _{Li2CO3 , Na2CO3 ,} and _{K2CO .} 22. A process according to any one of claims 18 to 21 , comprising a mixture of ₃ . Claims 18-22 , wherein the metal catalyst precursor comprises a mixture of CuCO ₃ and Ce(CO ₃ ) ₂ and the salt matrix comprises a mixture of Li ₂ CO ₃ , Na ₂ CO ₃ and K ₂ CO ₃ A process according to any one of the following. 24. The process of any one of claims 18-23 , wherein the metal catalyst precursor comprises Cu and Ce in a mol% ratio of about 0.10 to 0.20:1.00, respectively.