JPWO2020090522A1 - Film roll, optical film, 3D image display device and 3D image display system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention realizes an optical film having a pattern portion in which a first region and a second region are repeatedly arranged in the longitudinal direction by a method such as pattern exposure by an intermittent exposure method, which is also advantageous in practical use. It is provided in the form of a roll that is continuously wound in the longitudinal direction. A film roll that is continuously wound in the longitudinal direction and includes a pattern portion composed of a first phase difference region and a second phase difference region that are alternately arranged in the plane and have different in-plane slow phase axial directions. A film roll having the above-mentioned pattern portion at least twice in the roll longitudinal direction.

Description

The present invention includes a pattern portion composed of first and second retardation regions alternately arranged in a plane, has the above-mentioned pattern portion at least twice in the roll longitudinal direction, is easy to manufacture, and is practical. The present invention relates to an excellent film roll, a film roll integrated with a polarizing plate using this film roll, an optical film, a 3D image display device capable of displaying a stereoscopic image, and a 3D image display system.

A 3D image display device that displays a stereoscopic image requires an optical member for converting a right-eye image and a left-eye image into circularly polarized images in opposite directions. For example, such an optical member has a pattern in which first and second regions having different slow axes and retardations are regularly arranged in a plane, for example, a pattern retardation film arranged in a stripe shape. It is used as an FPR (Film Patterned Letterer) in a 3D image display device (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

By the way, in order to mass-produce optical films such as the above-mentioned pattern retardation film at low cost and to make them excellent in practicality, it is necessary to provide the optical films in the form of rolls continuously wound in the longitudinal direction. be. At this time, the striped pattern forms a pattern in which the first and second regions are adjacent to each other and the photoalignment film is exposed in the longitudinal direction, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example. As a result, it is possible to continuously form a roll.

On the other hand, the pattern retardation films regularly arranged in the above plane do not need to be striped if the right eye image and the left eye image can have the same area, for example, a checkerboard shape. It may be a pattern in which an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye are arranged. In a 3D image display device, in a striped arrangement, a right eye image and a left eye image are generally linearly continuous, so that a crosstalk phenomenon is likely to occur in which both cannot be completely divided and are mixed. It is known that in the checkerboard-like arrangement, since the pixels for the right eye and the pixels for the left eye are not continuous, the pixels look smoother as an action of human vision than the stripe-like arrangement (Patent Document 3). ).

In the pattern arranged so that the first and second regions change in the longitudinal direction such as this checkerboard-like pattern, the method of continuously exposing the photoalignment film in the longitudinal direction as described above is continuous. It cannot be produced in the form of a roll.

Not limited to the checkerboard pattern, the FPR having a pattern portion in which the first region and the second region are repeatedly arranged in the longitudinal direction while dividing the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye into equal areas can be freely created. If it can be designed, the pixel design of the image display device to be displayed can be designed more freely.

Japanese Patent No. 5885348 Japanese Patent No. 5418559 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-8170

The first object of the present invention is to realize an optical film having a pattern portion in which a first region and a second region are repeatedly arranged in the longitudinal direction, for example, by a method such as pattern exposure by an intermittent exposure method, and put it into practical use. It is also provided in the form of a roll continuously wound in the longitudinal direction, which is also advantageous on the top. A second object is to provide an optical film in an integrated roll form including an optical film and a polarizing plate realized in the above-mentioned roll form. A third object is to provide a 3D image display system having good viewing angle characteristics by using this roll-shaped optical film.

The means for solving the above problems are as follows.
[1] A film roll that is continuously wound in the longitudinal direction.
Includes a pattern portion consisting of a first phase difference region and a second phase difference region arranged alternately in the plane and having different in-plane slow phase axial directions.
A film roll characterized by having at least two or more of the above-mentioned pattern portions in the roll longitudinal direction.
[2] The film according to [1], wherein the first retardation region and the second retardation region are alternately arranged in the same plane in the first direction and the second direction orthogonal to the first direction. roll.
[3] The pattern portion has a boundary region located at the boundary between the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region.
The average width of the boundary region is 20 μm or less,
The film roll according to [2], wherein the average distance between the corners of the adjacent regions of the first retardation region and the second retardation region, whichever has the smaller area, is 60 μm or less.
[4] The film roll according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the first and second phase difference regions described above have in-plane slow phase axes orthogonal to each other.
[5] The film roll according to any one of [1] to [4], which includes the above-mentioned pattern portion at the same position in the roll width direction at least twice.
[6] The film roll according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein Re (550) in the first and second retardation regions is 110 to 165 nm: However, Re (550) has a wavelength of 550 nm. It is an in-plane retardation value (unit: nm) of each phase difference region in.
[7] Of [1] to [6], the first and second retardation regions described above are optically anisotropic layers formed from a composition containing a discotic liquid crystal having a polymerizable group as a main component. The film roll according to any.
[8] The in-plane slow phase of each of the first and second retardation regions of the above-mentioned optically anisotropic layer, which comprises the film roll according to any one of [1] to [7] and the polarizing film. A polarizing plate integrated film roll in which the axial direction and the absorption axial direction of the polarizing film are 43 to 47 °.
[9] An optical film in the form of a sheet obtained by cutting a single or a plurality of pattern portions from the optical film of [8].
[10] A 3D image display device having a display panel driven based on an image signal and an optical film in the form of a sheet of [9] on the visual side of the display panel described above.
[11] A 3D image display that includes at least the 3D image display device according to [10] and a circularly polarizing plate arranged on the viewing side of the 3D image display device, and allows the stereoscopic image to be visually recognized through the circularly polarizing plate. system.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an optical film having a pattern portion in which a first region and a second region are repeatedly arranged in the longitudinal direction in a roll form continuously wound in the longitudinal direction. Further, it can be provided as an integrated roll-type optical film including an optical film and a polarizing plate realized in the above-mentioned roll form. Furthermore, by using this roll-type optical film, 3D having good viewing angle characteristics can be provided. An image display system can be provided.

It is a schematic diagram of an example of the film roll of this invention. It is a top view which shows typically the pattern part which the film roll shown in FIG. 1 has. It is a partially enlarged view of the pattern part of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the area A of FIG. It is an enlarged view of another example of area A of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the method of measuring the width of a boundary area. It is a schematic diagram of another example of the film roll of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of a pattern part schematically. It is a top view which shows another example of a pattern part schematically. It is sectional drawing which shows typically an example of the optical film of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of an example of the combination of the pattern optically anisotropic layer and the polarizing film. It is a schematic diagram of another example of the combination of the pattern optically anisotropic layer and the polarizing film. It is sectional drawing of an example of a pattern optically anisotropic layer. (A) to (e) are cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of the layer structure of the optical film of the present invention. (A) to (e) are cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of the layer structure of the 3D image display device of the present invention, respectively. It is a figure which shows typically the mask for making the pattern part of the film roll made in Example. It is a figure which shows the form of the film roll produced in an Example. It is a figure which shows typically the mask for making the pattern part of the film roll made in Example. It is a figure which shows the form of the film roll produced in an Example.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The numerical range represented by using "~" in the present specification means a range including the numerical values before and after "~" as the lower limit value and the upper limit value. First, the terms used in the present specification will be described.

Re (λ) and Rth (λ) represent in-plane retardation at wavelength λ and retardation in the thickness direction, respectively. Re (λ) is measured by KOBRA21ADH or WR (manufactured by Oji Measuring Instruments Co., Ltd.) by incident light having a wavelength of λ nm in the film normal direction. When selecting the measurement wavelength λnm, the wavelength selection filter can be replaced manually, or the measured value can be converted by a program or the like for measurement. When the film to be measured is represented by a uniaxial or biaxial refractive index ellipsoid, Rth (λ) is calculated by the following method. This measuring method is also partially used for measuring the average tilt angle on the alignment film side and the average tilt angle on the opposite side of the discotic liquid crystal molecules in the optically anisotropic layer, which will be described later.
Rth (λ) uses the above-mentioned Re (λ) as an in-plane slow axis (determined by KOBRA 21ADH or WR) as an inclination axis (rotation axis) (when there is no slow axis, a film). A total of 6 points are incident with light having a wavelength of λ nm from each inclined direction in steps of 10 degrees from the normal direction to 50 ° on one side with respect to the film normal direction (with an arbitrary direction in the plane as the axis of rotation). The measurement is performed, and KOBRA21ADH or WR is calculated based on the measured retardation value, the assumed value of the average refractive index, and the input film thickness value. In the above, in the case of a film having a direction in which the retardation value becomes zero at a certain inclination angle with the slow axis in the plane as the rotation axis from the normal direction, the retardation at an inclination angle larger than the inclination angle. The value is calculated by KOBRA21ADH or WR after changing its sign to negative. The retardation value is measured from two arbitrary inclined directions with the slow axis as the tilt axis (rotation axis) (when there is no slow axis, the rotation axis is any direction in the film surface). , The value, the assumed value of the average refractive index, and the input film thickness value can be used to calculate Rth from the following equations (A) and (B).

なお、上記のＲｅ（θ）は法線方向から角度θ傾斜した方向におけるレターデーション値を表す。また、式（Ａ）におけるｎｘは、面内における遅相軸方向の屈折率を表し、ｎｙは、面内においてｎｘに直交する方向の屈折率を表し、ｎｚは、ｎｘ及びｎｙに直交する方向の屈折率を表す。ｄは膜厚である。
Ｒｔｈ＝（（ｎｘ＋ｎｙ）／２−ｎｚ）×ｄ・・・・・・・・式（Ｂ）

The above Re (θ) represents a retardation value in a direction inclined by an angle θ from the normal direction. Further, in the formula (A), nx represents the refractive index in the slow axis direction in the plane, ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to nx in the plane, and nz represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to nx and ny. Represents the refractive index of. d is the film thickness.
Rth = ((nx + ny) /2-nz) × d ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Equation (B)

When the film to be measured is a film that cannot be represented by a uniaxial or biaxial refractive index ellipsoid, that is, a film that does not have a so-called opticaxis, Rth (λ) is calculated by the following method. Rth (λ) is from -50 ° with respect to the film normal direction with the above-mentioned Re (λ) as the in-plane slow axis (determined by KOBRA21ADH or WR) as the tilt axis (rotation axis). Light with a wavelength of λ nm is incident from the inclined direction in 10 ° steps up to + 50 °, and 11 points are measured. Based on the measured retardation value, the assumed value of the average refractive index, and the input film thickness value. Calculated by KOBRA21ADH or WR. Further, in the above measurement, as the assumed value of the average refractive index, the values in the Polymer Handbook (JOHNWILEY & SONS, INC) and the catalogs of various optical films can be used. If the average refractive index value is unknown, it can be measured with an Abbe refractometer. The values of the average refractive index of the main optical films are illustrated below: cellulose acylate (1.48), cycloolefin polymer (1.52), polycarbonate (1.59), polymethylmethacrylate (1.49), It is polystyrene (1.59). By inputting the assumed value of the average refractive index and the film thickness, KOBRA21ADH or WR calculates nx, ny, and nz. Nz = (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) is further calculated from the calculated nx, ny, and nz.

In addition, in this specification, "visible light" means 380 nm to 780 nm. Further, in the present specification, unless otherwise specified, the measurement wavelength is 550 nm.
Further, in the present specification, regarding the angle (for example, an angle such as "90 °") and its relationship (for example, "orthogonal", "parallel", and "intersection at 45 °"), the technical field to which the present invention belongs. It shall include the range of error allowed in. For example, it means that the angle is within a range of less than ± 10 °, and the error from the exact angle is preferably 5 ° or less, and more preferably 3 ° or less.

[Film roll]
The film roll of the present invention
A film roll that is continuously wound in the longitudinal direction.
Includes a pattern portion consisting of a first phase difference region and a second phase difference region arranged alternately in the plane and having different in-plane slow phase axial directions.
A film roll having at least two pattern portions in the roll longitudinal direction.

The film roll of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a film roll of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a pattern portion of the film roll shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a part of the pattern portion of FIG.

The film roll 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a long support 22 and a plurality of pattern portions 12. In the film roll 20, the plurality of pattern portions 12 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the long support 22. The film roll 20 is wound in a roll shape in the longitudinal direction.
In addition, in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2 and 7 to 9 described later, the longitudinal direction of the long support 22 is indicated by an arrow X.

The support 22 may be a long support that can support a plurality of pattern portions 12. The support 22 is preferably a transparent support.
The width and length of the support 22 are not particularly limited as long as the plurality of pattern portions 12 can be supported. The width of the support 22 is preferably 300 mm to 2500 mm, more preferably 500 mm to 2200 mm. The length of the support 22 is preferably 10 m to 5000 m, more preferably 20 m to 3000 m.
The thickness of the support 22 may be as long as it can support the pattern portion 12, preferably 10 μm to 200 μm, more preferably 15 μm to 150 μm, and even more preferably 20 μm to 120 μm.
Examples of the material of the support 22 include the same materials as those of the transparent support 14 described later.

The pattern portion 12 is an optically anisotropic layer, and has a first phase difference region and a second phase difference region in which the in-plane slow phase axial directions are different from each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the pattern portion 12 includes a first retardation region 12a and a second retardation region 12b alternately arranged in the plane. The first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b are regions having refractive index anisotropy in the plane, respectively, and give a phase difference to the incident light.

In the pattern portion 12 shown in FIG. 2, the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b are alternately arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in FIG. 2 in the same plane. In FIG. 2, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction correspond to the first direction and the second direction orthogonal to the first direction in the present invention. In the following description, a pattern in which the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b are alternately arranged in the first direction and the second direction is also referred to as a checkerboard pattern, a checker pattern, or a grid pattern. say.

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged part of the pattern portion 12 shown in FIG.
In FIG. 3, the slow axis direction of the first phase difference region 12a is indicated by an arrow a, and the slow axis direction of the second phase difference region 12b is indicated by an arrow b. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the slow axis direction (arrow a) of the first phase difference region 12a and the slow axis direction (arrow b) of the second phase difference region 12b are orthogonal to each other.
Details of the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b of the pattern portion 12 will be described in detail later.

As described above, in a pattern such as a checkerboard pattern in which the first and second regions are arranged so as to change in the longitudinal direction, in the method of continuously exposing the alignment film in the longitudinal direction, a continuous roll form is used. There was a problem that it could not be produced with.

On the other hand, the film roll of the present invention has at least two pattern portions composed of a first retardation region and a second retardation region in the roll longitudinal direction. By providing a pattern portion in which the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region are repeatedly arranged in two or more places in the longitudinal direction, a method such as pattern exposure by an intermittent exposure method can be used. Since the alignment film can be exposed, a pattern portion including a first retardation region and a second retardation region can be formed in a roll form continuously wound in the longitudinal direction.

Here, when regions having different in-plane slow-phase axial directions are formed adjacent to each other, a boundary region 12c in which the liquid crystal compounds do not form a uniform orientation is generated at the boundary. Ideally, the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b are formed in the same shape and size, but it is difficult to form them in exactly the same size, and FIG. And as shown in FIG. 5, the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b are formed to have different sizes. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the first retardation region 12a is larger than the second retardation region 12b.

When the first retardation region 12a is larger than the second retardation region 12b, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the first retardation regions 12a having adjacent corners are connected at the corners. On the other hand, the boundary region 26 and the first retardation region 12a exist between the corners of the second retardation regions 12b having a small area.
Alternatively, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, even when the first retardation regions 12a are not connected to each other at the corners, the distance between the corners of the second retardation regions 12b having a small area is the area. Is larger than the distance between the corners of the first retardation regions 12a.
Note that FIGS. 4 and 5 are enlarged views showing a region A in which the corners of the four retardation regions of the pattern portion 12 shown in FIG. 3 are adjacent to each other.

Unlike the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b, the boundary region 12c is a region in which the liquid crystal compounds do not form a uniform orientation, which causes light leakage.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the sizes of the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b are different, the smaller region (second phase difference region 12b in the illustrated example) The distance C between the corners of adjacent regions becomes large. If the distance C between the corners is large, light leakage increases and crosstalk occurs. Further, since the first phase difference region 12a that protrudes from the position where the small region (second phase difference region 12b) should exist exists, light leakage occurs and crosstalk occurs.

Therefore, from the viewpoint of suppressing light leakage and crosstalk, the width of the boundary region 12c is preferably 20 μm or less, more preferably 3 μm to 20 μm, further preferably 3 μm to 12 μm, and particularly preferably 3 μm to 8 μm. The average distance between the corners of the adjacent regions of the retardation region having the smaller area is preferably 60 μm or less, more preferably 4 μm to 60 μm, further preferably 4 μm to 30 μm, and particularly preferably 4 μm to 10 μm.

The first retardation region 12a, the second retardation region 12b, and the boundary region 12c can be discriminated by observation with a polarizing microscope. For example, a patterned optically anisotropic layer (a patterned optically anisotropic layer in which the in-plane slow-phase axis of the first retardation region and the in-plane slow-phase axis of the second retardation region are orthogonal to each other) is placed at the first position. A polarizing microscope so that the in-plane slow-phase axis of either the phase difference region or the second phase difference region is parallel to the transmission axis of either of the two polarizing plates in which the transmission axes are combined at orthogonal positions. It is installed on the sample stage of NIKON ECLIPE E600W POL). At this time, the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region are displayed in black. On the other hand, since the boundary region is a region that does not form a uniform orientation, the light is not blocked and is displayed in white. Thereby, each area can be specified.

To identify the boundary region, a polarizing microscope is used so as to be parallel to the transmission axis of either of the two polarizing plates combined at the orthogonal positions as described above. As a general-purpose procedure, a polarizing microscope is used to arrange a patterned optically anisotropic layer as a sample between two polarizing plates whose transmission axes are combined at orthogonal positions to form a patterned optically anisotropic layer. The observation diagram in which the first retardation region is displayed in black is compared with the observation diagram in which the second retardation region is displayed in black by rotating in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. The area displayed in white in both of the two observation diagrams corresponds to the boundary area.

For the width of the boundary region, the image observed by the polarizing microscope is taken into a PC (personal computer) from a digital camera (NIKON DIGITAL CAMERA DXM1200) attached to the polarizing microscope, and the image analysis software WinROOF (Mitani Shoji Co., Ltd.) is used. taking measurement. As a specific measurement method, for example, when measuring the width of the boundary region, first, as shown in FIG. 6, observe with a polarizing microscope so that the boundary region 12c is near the center. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, the boundary region 12c is observed so as to extend in the vertical direction. Next, in the observation diagram, a straight line X connecting the vertices of the two convex portions projecting to the leftmost side of the convex portions projecting to the left side of the boundary region 12c is drawn. Next, a line (arrow in the figure) is drawn from an arbitrary point Y on the straight line X from the straight line X to the right end of the boundary region 12c in a direction orthogonal to the straight line X, and the length thereof is calculated. .. The length is calculated at 10 points at intervals of 50 μm from an arbitrary point Y (D is 50 μm in the figure), and the lengths at the obtained 10 points are arithmetically averaged to obtain the width of the boundary region 12c. .. Further, the above observation is performed at any three points of the pattern optically anisotropic layer, and the width of the boundary region 12c obtained in each observation diagram is further arithmetically averaged to obtain the average width of the boundary region.
The work of drawing the straight line X and the measurement of the length from the straight line X to the right end of the boundary region 12c are performed using WinROOF.
Note that FIG. 6 discloses a mode in which the boundary region 12c meanders, but the present invention is not limited to this mode and may be linear.

As for the distance between the corners of the phase difference regions, the image observed by the polarizing microscope is taken into a PC from a digital camera (NIKON DIGITAL CAMERA DXM1200) attached to the polarizing microscope, and the image analysis software WinROOF (Mitani Shoji Co., Ltd.) is used. Use to measure. As a specific measurement method, first, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, observe with a polarizing microscope so that the corners are near the center. At that time, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, observation is performed so that the directions in which the boundary region extends are the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Next, in the observation diagram, the shortest distance between the corners of the retardation regions is measured and set as "the distance C between the corners of the retardation regions". The above observation is performed at arbitrary 10 points of the corners of the grid pattern, and the "distance C between the corners of the phase difference regions" obtained in each observation diagram is further arithmetically averaged to obtain "the phase difference regions. Find the "average spacing between corners".

When the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b are arranged in a grid pattern, the shapes of the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b are substantially square or substantially square. It is preferably substantially rectangular. Further, the shapes of the first retardation region 22 and the second retardation region 24 are preferably similar figures.

Further, it is preferable that a plurality of pattern portions 12 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the long support 22 are arranged at the same position in the width direction. In other words, it is preferable to have two or more pattern portions at the same position in the width direction. As a result, it is not necessary to change the position of the mask in the width direction at the time of pattern exposure by the intermittent exposure method, and the pattern exposure can be performed more easily.

Further, in the example shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of pattern portions 12 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the long support 22, but the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of pattern portions 12 may be arranged in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the elongated support 22. In the example shown in FIG. 7, four pattern portions 12 are arranged in the width direction of the long support 22, and a plurality of four pattern portions 12 arranged in the width direction are arranged in the longitudinal direction.

The number of pattern portions 12 arranged in the width direction of the long support 22 is not limited to four, and may be one to three or five or more.

The size of each pattern portion 12 on the film roll 20 is not particularly limited as long as the pattern exposure by the intermittent exposure method can be appropriately performed. The size of the pattern portion 12 is preferably 10 to 2000 mm in the longitudinal direction x 10 to 2000 mm in the width direction, and more preferably 20 to 1000 mm in the longitudinal direction x 20 to 1000 mm in the width direction.

Further, in the film roll 20, the distance between the pattern portions 12 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction is not particularly limited as long as the pattern exposure by the intermittent exposure method can be appropriately performed. The distance between the pattern portions 12 is preferably 5 to 500 mm, more preferably 10 to 300 mm.

Here, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b of the pattern portion 12 are located in the same plane in the first direction and in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction, respectively. The configuration is arranged alternately, but the configuration is not limited to this.
The first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b may be arranged alternately in one direction in the same plane.

For example, as in the example shown in FIG. 8, the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b are alternately arranged in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (arrow X direction) of the long support 22. It may be a configuration.
Alternatively, as in the example shown in FIG. 9, the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction (arrow X direction) of the long support 22. May be good.
Alternatively, the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b may be alternately arranged in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction (arrow X direction) of the long support 22 at a predetermined angle. ..

Further, even in the case where the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b are alternately arranged in one direction, the in-plane slow phase axial direction of the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference The in-plane slow-phase axial directions of the region 12b may be different from each other, and are preferably orthogonal to each other.

The in-plane retardation value Re (550) of the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferably 110 nm to 165 nm.
This point will be described in detail later.

Further, the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b are preferably optically anisotropic layers formed from a composition containing a discotic liquid crystal having a polymerizable group as a main component.
This point will be described in detail later.

Here, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b have configurations in which the in-plane slow phase axial directions are different from each other, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b may have different in-plane retardations.

Here, the film roll of the present invention may have other layers such as a polarizing film, an antireflection layer, and a protective film in addition to the long support 22 and the pattern portion 12.
For example, a polarizing plate-integrated film roll in which a long polarizing film is laminated on a film roll so as to match the longitudinal directions may be used. The polarizing film may be laminated on the long support 22 side, or may be laminated on the pattern portion 12 side.

Further, in the case of a film roll integrated with a polarizing plate, the in-plane slow phase axial direction of each of the first retardation region and the second retardation region of the pattern portion and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing film are from 43 ° to It is preferably 47 °.
This point will be described in detail later.

[Optical film]
The film roll of the present invention described above is used as an optical film in the form of a sheet by cutting out a region including a single or a plurality of pattern portions. Further, for example, in the case where the film roll is a polarizing plate-integrated film roll in which a long polarizing film is laminated on the film roll, the cut-out optical film has the polarizing film, the support, and the pattern portion laminated. It becomes an optical film.
Hereinafter, an optical film formed by cutting out from the film roll of the present invention will be described.

The optical film of the present invention has a support and an optically anisotropic layer having a first retardation region and a second retardation region, and the optically anisotropic layers have different in-plane slow-phase axial directions. An optical film that includes one retardation region and a second retardation region, and is a pattern optically anisotropic layer in which the first retardation region and the second retardation region described above are alternately arranged in a plane. .. The optically anisotropic layer in the optical film corresponds to the pattern portion of the film roll described above.
The optically anisotropic layer having a pattern acts as a pattern retardation plate, and the optical film of the present invention is used as an optical film or the like for a 3D (three-dimensional) image display device.

The optical film of the present invention is arranged together with the polarizing film on the outside of the viewing side of the display panel (in the case where the display panel has a polarizing film on the viewing side, further outside of the polarizing film on the viewing side of the display panel), and is the first of the optical films. The polarized image that has passed through each of the first retardation region and the second retardation region is recognized as an image for the right eye or the left eye through polarized glasses or the like. This makes it possible for the observer to recognize the 3D image.
Therefore, the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region preferably have the same shape as each other so that the left and right images do not become non-uniform, and the respective arrangements are preferably uniform and symmetrical. ..

A schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the optical film of the present invention is shown in FIG. The optical film 10 shown in FIG. 10 has a polarizing film 16, a transparent support 14, and an optically anisotropic layer 12, and the optically anisotropic layer 12 has a first retardation region 12a and a second in-plane in-plane. The retardation region 12b is a patterned optically anisotropic layer arranged evenly and symmetrically. One example is an optically anisotropic layer in which the in-plane retardation of the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b is about λ / 4, respectively, and has in-plane slow-phase axes a and b orthogonal to each other. be. In this example, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the optically anisotropic layer 12 has the in-plane slow-phase axis a and the in-plane slow-phase axis b of the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b, respectively. , Is arranged at ± 45 ° with the absorption axis P of the polarizing film 16. With this configuration, circularly polarized images for the right eye and the left eye can be separated, and can be used as an optical film for a 3D image display device.
Further, the optical film may further have a λ / 2 plate. The viewing angle may be further expanded by further stacking the λ / 2 plates.

In the present invention, the optically anisotropic layer is preferably formed from a composition containing a discotic liquid crystal having a polymerizable group as a main component.
An optically anisotropic layer having a pattern formed by using a liquid crystal composition is usually used in a state of being laminated with a support such as a polymer film that supports it or a protective film that protects the support. Is common. The polymer film or the like used as a support also has a certain amount of in-plane retardation Re, and it is necessary to adjust the entire laminate to an appropriate Re for forming a circularly polarized image or the like. By the way, it is difficult to completely set the thickness direction retardation Rth to zero for an optically anisotropic layer or a polymer film in which Re is expressed, and it is common to have a certain degree of Rth. The optically anisotropic layer made of the liquid crystal composition and the polymer film laminated thereto also have Rth, and the Rth may be increased as a whole of the laminated body. When a pattern retardation plate using a conventional liquid crystal composition is actually used, the brightness decreases in the oblique direction, and it can be said that this Rth is one of the reasons why there is a problem in terms of viewing angle characteristics. For example, the rod-shaped liquid crystal as used in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-220891 is a liquid crystal exhibiting positive birefringence, and is an optically anisotropic layer expressing Re necessary for forming a circularly polarized image or the like. When It contributes to the decrease in brightness. Rth can be reduced by reducing the number of members such as polymer films to be laminated, but the pattern retardation plate is a member arranged on the outside of the visible side surface of the display panel and is exposed to external light. It is necessary to arrange a protective member for preventing deterioration due to this, an antireflection member for preventing reflection of external light, and the like, and the actual situation is that lamination of polymer films is unavoidable.

In the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, this problem can be solved by using a discotic liquid crystal for forming a patterned optically anisotropic layer. The discotic liquid crystal is a liquid crystal exhibiting negative birefringence, and it is easy to form an optically anisotropic layer having a negative Rth while expressing Re necessary for forming a circularly polarized image or the like. The Rth of the optically anisotropic layer made of the discotic liquid crystal composition can cancel the positive Rth of the member such as the polymer film laminated on the Rth, and the Rth of the entire laminated body affects the viewing angle characteristics. It can be reduced to the extent that it is not given.

Utilizing an optically anisotropic layer in which one in-plane retardation of the first retardation region 12a and the second in-plane retardation region 12b is λ / 4 and the other in-plane retardation is 3 × λ / 4. Similarly, the circularly polarized image can be separated. Further, an optically anisotropic layer in which one in-plane retardation of the first retardation region 12a and the second in-plane retardation region 12b is λ / 4 and the other in-plane retardation is 3 × λ / 4. By using it, linearly polarized images for the right eye and the linearly polarized image for the left eye may be separated.

Further, an optically anisotropic layer in which one in-plane retardation of the first retardation region 12a and the second in-plane retardation region 12b is λ / 2 and the other in-plane retardation is 0 is used. A circularly polarized image can be similarly separated even if a support having an in-plane retardation of λ / 4 and each slow axis are laminated in parallel or orthogonally.
Further, the shapes and arrangement patterns of the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b are not limited to the mode in which the striped patterns shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 are alternately arranged. As described above, a checkerboard-shaped pattern may be used, or as shown in FIG. 13, rectangular patterns may be arranged in a grid pattern.

Further, the optical film may include other members. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 10, an alignment film may be provided between the transparent support 14 and the optically anisotropic layer 12, and an antireflection layer is included further outside the optically anisotropic layer 12. A surface film may be placed. Further, the protective film of the polarizing film 16 may be arranged between the transparent support 14 and the polarizing film 16. Further, a protective film may be further arranged on the back surface of the polarizing film 16. Further, as described above, when the display panel has a polarizing film on the viewing side surface, the optical film of the present invention does not have a polarizing film and can be combined with the polarizing film of the display panel to separate circularly polarized images and the like. It may be an aspect showing a function. Details of these members that can be used will be described later. 14 (a) to 14 (e) show schematic cross-sectional views of other examples of the optical film of the present invention.

The example shown in FIG. 14A is an example of an optical film in which a support 14, an optically anisotropic layer 12, a base film 24, and an antireflection layer 25 are laminated in this order. The base film 24 is a base material (support) for the antireflection layer 25.
The example shown in FIG. 14B is an example of an optical film in which the optically anisotropic layer 12, the support 14, and the antireflection layer 25 are laminated in this order.
In the example shown in FIG. 14C, an optical film in which a polarizing film protective film 26, a polarizing film 16, a support 14, an optically anisotropic layer 12, a base film 24, and an antireflection layer 25 are laminated in this order. Is an example of.
The example shown in FIG. 14D is an example of an optical film in which a polarizing film protective film 26, a polarizing film 16, an optically anisotropic layer 12, a support 14, and an antireflection layer 25 are laminated in this order.
The example shown in FIG. 14E is an example of an optical film in which the support 14, the optically anisotropic layer 12, and the antireflection layer 25 are laminated in this order.
The layers other than the support and the optically anisotropic layer may be laminated after being cut out from the film roll, or may be laminated in the form of a long film roll. good.

The optically anisotropic layer 12 is formed from a composition containing a discotic liquid crystal having a polymerizable group as a main component, and the discotic liquid crystal is preferably vertically oriented. In the present specification, "vertical orientation" means that the disk surface and the layer surface of the discotic liquid crystal are perpendicular to each other. It does not require that it be strictly vertical, and in the present specification, it means an orientation in which an inclination angle formed with a horizontal plane is 70 degrees or more. The inclination angle is preferably 85 to 90 degrees, more preferably 87 to 90 degrees, even more preferably 88 to 90 degrees, and most preferably 89 to 90 degrees. Further, the above-mentioned composition may contain an orientation control agent that controls the orientation of the discotic liquid crystal. Details of the discotic liquid crystal and the orientation control agent will be described later.

In the embodiment in which the in-plane retardation of the first retardation region 12a and the second retardation region 12b is about λ / 4, the in-plane slow phase axes a and b are ± 45 °, respectively, with the absorption axis of the polarizing film. It is preferable to make an angle. In the present specification, it is not strictly required to be ± 45 °, and it is preferable that one of the first phase difference region 12a and the second phase difference region 12b is 40 to 50 °. The other is preferably −50 to −40 °.
The Re of the optically anisotropic layer 12 does not have to be λ / 4 by itself, and the sum of the Res of all the members including the optically anisotropic layer 12 arranged on one surface of the polarizing film 16 is the sum of the Res of all the members. For example, in the aspect of FIG. 15 (a), the sum of Res of all the polarizing film protective film, the support, the optically anisotropic layer and the base film, and in the aspect of FIG. 15 (b), the polarizing film protective film and the optical difference. The total Re of the square layer and the support is the total Re of all the supports, the optically anisotropic layer and the base film in the aspect of FIG. 15 (c), and the total of Re of the support is optical in the aspect of FIG. 15 (d). In the aspect of FIG. 15E, the total Re of the anisotropic layer and the support is 110 to 160 nm, and the total Re of the polarizing film protective film, the support, and the optically anisotropic layer is 110 to 160 nm. It is preferably 120 to 150 nm, more preferably 125 to 145 nm. Here, the "sum of all Res" is the Res when the corresponding layers are collectively measured at one time.

The aspect shown in FIG. 15A is an example in which the optical film 10 shown in FIG. 14A is arranged on the viewing side of the liquid crystal panel 29a, and the liquid crystal panel 29a in this case is on the viewing side (FIG. From the upper middle side), the polarizing film protective film 26, the polarizing film 16, the optical compensation film 27, the liquid crystal cell 28, the optical compensation film 27, the polarizing film 16, and the polarizing film protective film 26 are laminated in this order.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 15B is an example in which the optical film 10 shown in FIG. 14B is arranged on the visual side of the liquid crystal panel 29a. In this case, the liquid crystal panel 29a is shown in FIG. 15A. It has the same configuration as the liquid crystal panel 29a shown.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 15C is an example in which the optical film 10 shown in FIG. 14C is arranged on the viewing side of the liquid crystal panel 29b. In this case, the liquid crystal panel 29b is on the viewing side (upper side in the drawing). ), The liquid crystal cell 28, the optical compensation film 27, the polarizing film 16, and the polarizing film protective film 26 are laminated in this order.
The aspect shown in FIG. 15 (d) is an example in which the optical film 10 shown in FIG. 14 (d) is arranged on the visual side of the liquid crystal panel 29b, and the liquid crystal panel 29b in this case is shown in FIG. 15 (c). It has the same configuration as the liquid crystal panel 29b shown.
The aspect shown in FIG. 15 (e) is an example in which the optical film 10 shown in FIG. 14 (e) is arranged on the visual side of the liquid crystal panel 29a, and the liquid crystal panel 29a in this case is shown in FIG. 15 (a). It has the same configuration as the liquid crystal panel 29a shown.

On the other hand, when the optical film roll is arranged on the display panel, the Rth of the member arranged outside the polarizing film on the visual viewing side affects the viewing angle characteristic, so that the absolute value is preferably small. Rth is preferably -100 nm to 100 nm, more preferably -60 nm to 60 nm, further preferably -40 to 40 nm, and particularly preferably -40 to 20 nm. However, as a result of diligent studies by the present inventor, it has been found that the same member is arranged depending on the absorption axis direction of the polarizing film, and even if the Rth is the same, the degree of influence on the viewing angle characteristic differs. Specifically, in the aspect shown in FIG. 11, that is, in the aspect in which the absorption axis direction of the polarizing film is 45 ° or 135 ° when the left-right direction of the display surface is 0 °, the outside of the viewing surface is outside the polarizing film. The Rth of all the members arranged in the above affects the viewing angle characteristics, but on the other hand, when the aspect shown in FIG. 12, that is, the absorption axis direction of the polarizing film is 0 ° in the left-right direction of the display surface, it is 0. In the ° or 90 ° direction, the Rth of the member arranged between the polarizing film and the optically anisotropic layer has almost no effect, and all arranged outside the optically anisotropic layer and its visible surface. It was found that the Rth of the member of the above affects the viewing angle characteristics.

Taking the aspects of FIGS. 15 (a) to 15 (e) as an example, in the arrangement of FIG. 11, in the aspect of FIG. 15 (a), the polarizing film protective film, the support, the optically anisotropic layer and the base material The total Rth of all the films is the total Rth of all the polarizing film protective film, the optically anisotropic layer and the support in the aspect of FIG. 15 (b), and the total Rth of all the films is the support, the optical in the aspect of FIG. 15 (c). The total Rth of all the anisotropic layer and the base film is polarized in the aspect of FIG. 15 (d), and the total Rth of all the optically anisotropic layer and the support is polarized in the aspect of FIG. 15 (e). The sum of all Rths of the film protective film, the support, and the optically anisotropic layer is preferably -100 nm to 100 nm, more preferably -80 nm to 80 nm, further preferably -60 to 60 nm, and even more preferably -60 to 60 nm. It is particularly preferably 20 nm. Here, the "sum of all Rths" is the Rth when the corresponding layers are collectively measured at one time.

[3D image display device and 3D image display system]
The present invention also relates to a 3D image display device and a 3D image display system having the optical film of the present invention.
The 3D image display device of the present invention has a display panel driven based on an image signal and the above-mentioned optical film arranged on the visual side of the display panel.
Further, the 3D image display system of the present invention includes the above-mentioned 3D image display device and a circular polarizing plate arranged on the viewing side of the 3D image display device, and allows a stereoscopic image to be visually recognized through the circular polarizing plate.
As described above, the optical film of the present invention is arranged on the visual side of the display panel, and has a function of converting an image displayed by the display panel into a polarized image such as a circularly polarized image for the right eye and a left eye or a linearly polarized image. Has. The observer observes these images through a polarizing plate such as circularly polarized or linearly polarized glasses and recognizes them as stereoscopic images.

In the present invention, there is no limitation on the display panel. For example, it may be a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer, an organic EL display panel including an organic EL (electro-luminescence) layer, a plasma display panel, or a self-luminous LED (light emitting diode). ) An LED wall type panel in which pixels are integrated may be used. Various possible configurations can be adopted in any of the embodiments. Further, in a mode in which the liquid crystal panel or the like in the transmission mode has a polarizing film for displaying an image on the surface on the viewing side, the optical film of the present invention may achieve the above function in combination with the polarizing film. Of course, the optical film of the present invention may have a polarizing film separately from the liquid crystal panel, but in that case, the absorption axis of the polarizing film of the optical film coincides with the absorption axis of the polarizing film of the liquid crystal panel. Let and place.

A configuration example of a 3D image display device having the optical film of the present invention shown in FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (e) and a liquid crystal panel as a display panel in FIGS. 15 (a) to 15 (e). Is shown as a schematic cross-sectional view, but the present invention is not limited to these configurations. In the figure, the relative relationship of the thickness of each layer does not necessarily match the relative relationship of the thickness of each layer of the actual liquid crystal display device. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 15A to 15E, a backlight is arranged behind the liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing film is arranged between the backlight and the liquid crystal cell, which is configured as a transmission mode. ing.

The configuration of the liquid crystal cell is not particularly limited, and a liquid crystal cell having a general configuration can be adopted. The liquid crystal cell includes, for example, a pair of substrates arranged opposite to each other (not shown) and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and may include a color filter layer or the like, if necessary. There are no particular restrictions on the drive mode of the liquid crystal cell, such as twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN), vertical alignment (VA), imprint switching (IPS), and optical compensate bend cell (OCB). Various modes such as, etc. can be used. In the TN mode, the absorption axis of the polarizing film is generally arranged at 45 ° or 135 ° with respect to 0 ° in the left-right direction of the display surface. Therefore, the TN mode liquid crystal panel is an optical film of the aspect shown in FIG. It is preferable to combine with. Further, in the VA mode and the IPS mode, the absorption axis of the polarizing film is generally arranged at 0 ° or 90 ° with respect to 0 ° in the left-right direction of the display surface. It is preferable to combine with the optical film of the aspect shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, various members used in the film roll, the optical film, the 3D image display device, and the 3D image display system of the present invention will be described in detail.

Optically anisotropic layer:
The optically anisotropic layer in the present invention contains a first retardation region and a second retardation region in which at least one of the in-plane slow-phase axial direction and the in-plane retardation is different from each other, and the first and second positions described above are included. The phase difference regions are patterned optically anisotropic layers that are alternately arranged in the plane. One example is an optically anisotropic layer in which the first and second retardation regions each have a Re of about λ / 4, and the in-plane slow-phase axes are orthogonal to each other. There are various methods for forming such an optically anisotropic layer, but in the present invention, it is preferable to polymerize and immobilize a discotic liquid crystal having a polymerizable group in a vertically oriented state. The above-mentioned optically anisotropic layer may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure. In the aspect of the laminated structure consisting of two or more layers, it is preferable that at least one layer is an optically anisotropic layer in which the orientation of the composition containing the discotic liquid crystal is fixed. An example of the optically anisotropic layer having the above-mentioned laminated structure is a laminate of a non-patterned (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “uniform”) optically anisotropic layer and a patterned optically anisotropic layer. .. In the above-mentioned example of the laminated structure, the optically anisotropic layer made of the composition containing the discotic liquid crystal is either the above-mentioned non-patterned optically anisotropic layer or the above-mentioned patterned optically anisotropic layer. It may be either or both. When the above-mentioned example of the laminated structure includes an optically anisotropic layer other than the optically anisotropic layer composed of a composition containing a discotic liquid crystal, the example includes an optical difference composed of a composition containing a rod-shaped liquid crystal. An anisotropic layer and a birefringent polymer film are included. In the above-mentioned example of the laminated structure, one of the first retardation region and the second retardation region shows a predetermined Re by adding Re of two or more optically anisotropic layers to each other (for example, Re =). λ / 2), on the other hand, Res of two or more optically anisotropic layers are mutually reduced to show a predetermined Re (for example, Re = 0).

The optically anisotropic layer alone may have a Re of about λ / 4, in which case the Re (550) is preferably 110 to 165 nm, more preferably 120 to 150 nm, and 125 to 125 nm. It is particularly preferably 145 nm. The Rth (550) of the above-mentioned optically anisotropic layer is preferably negative, preferably −80 to −50 nm, and more preferably −75 to −60 nm. When the Rth (550) of the optically anisotropic layer is negative, the positive Rth of other members can be canceled out, and the decrease in brightness in the oblique direction can be suppressed.

[Discotic liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group]
As the discotic liquid crystal that can be used as the main raw material of the optically anisotropic layer in the present invention, a compound having a polymerizable group is preferable as described above.
As the above-mentioned discotic liquid crystal, a compound represented by the following general formula (I) is preferable.
General formula (I): D (-L-H-Q) n
In the formula, D is a disk-shaped core, L is a divalent linking group, H is a divalent aromatic ring or a heterocycle, Q is a polymerizable group, and n is an integer of 3 to 12. Represents.

The disk-shaped core (D) is preferably a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a triphenylene ring, an anthraquinone ring, a tolucene ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, or a triazine ring, and particularly a benzene ring, a triphenylene ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, or a triazine ring. preferable.

L is preferably a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of * -O-CO-, * -CO-O-, * -CH = CH-, * -C≡C- and combinations thereof, and *-. It is particularly preferable that the divalent linking group contains at least one of CH = CH- or * -C≡C-. Here, * represents a position connected to D in the general formula (I).

As the aromatic ring, H is preferably a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and a benzene ring is particularly preferable. As the heterocycle, a pyridine ring and a pyrimidine ring are preferable, and a pyridine ring is particularly preferable. For H, an aromatic ring is particularly preferable.

The polymerization reaction of the polymerizable group Q is preferably addition polymerization (including ring-opening polymerization) or condensation polymerization. In other words, the polymerizable group is preferably a functional group capable of an addition polymerization reaction or a condensation polymerization reaction. Of these, a (meth) acrylate group and an epoxy group are preferable.

The discotic liquid crystal represented by the general formula (I) described above is particularly preferably a discotic liquid crystal represented by the following general formula (II) or (III).

In the formula, L, H, and Q have the same meaning as L, H, and Q in the above-mentioned general formula (I), and the preferable range is also the same.

In the formula, Y ¹ , Y ² , and Y ^{3 are synonymous with Y 11} , Y ¹² , and Y ¹³ in the general formula (IV) described later, and their preferred ranges are also the same. Further, L ¹ , L ² , L ³ , H ¹ , H ² , H ³ , R ¹ , R ² , and R ^{3 are also L 1} , L ² , L ³ , and H ¹ in the general formula (IV) described later. , H ² , H ³ , R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , and the preferred range thereof is also the same.

As will be described later, as represented by the general formulas (I), (II), (III) and (IV), a discotic liquid crystal having a plurality of aromatic rings in the molecule is an orientation control agent. Since an intermolecular π-π interaction occurs with an onium salt such as a pyridinium compound or an imidazolium compound used as a compound, vertical orientation can be realized. In particular, for example, in the general formula (II), when L is a divalent linking group containing at least one of * -CH = CH- or * -C≡C-, and the general formula. In (III), when a plurality of aromatic rings and heterocycles are linked by a single bond, the linearity of the molecule is maintained by strongly binding the free rotation of the bond by the linking group, so that the molecule is liquid. Along with the improvement, stronger intermolecular π-π interaction occurs and stable vertical orientation can be realized.

As the above-mentioned discotic liquid crystal, a compound represented by the following general formula (IV) is preferable.

In the formula, Y ¹¹ , Y ¹² and Y ¹³ represent methine or nitrogen atoms which may be independently substituted; L ¹ , L ² and L ³ are independently single-bonded or divalent linking groups, respectively. , H ¹ , H ² and H ³ independently represent groups of the general formula (IA) or (IB); R ¹ , R ² and R ³ independently represent the following general formulas, respectively. Represents (IR);

In the general formula (IA), YA ¹ and YA ² independently represent a methine or nitrogen atom; XA represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, methylene or imino; * is in the above general formula (IV). Represents the position to be coupled to the L ^{1 to} L ³ side; ** represents the position to be coupled to the R ^{1 to} R ^{3 side in the above general formula (IV);}

In the general formula (IB), YB ¹ and YB ² independently represent a methine or nitrogen atom; XB represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, methylene or imino; * is in the above general formula (IV). Represents the position to be coupled to the L ^{1 to} L ³ side; ** represents the position to be coupled to the R ^{1 to} R ^{3 side in the above general formula (IV);}

General formula (IR)
* − (−L ²¹ −Q ² ) _n1 ^{−L 22} −L ²³ −Q ¹
In the general formula (IR), * represents the position of binding to the ^{H 1 to} H ^{3 sides in the general formula (IV); L 21} represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; Q ² is at least 1 Represents a divalent group (cyclic group) having a type of cyclic structure; n1 represents an integer from 0 to 4; L ²² represents **-O-, **-O-CO-, **-CO. -O-, **-O-CO-O-, **-S-, **-NH-, **-SO _2- , **-CH _2- , **-CH = CH- or ** Represents −C≡C−; L ²³ is −O−, −S−, −C (= O) −, −SO ₂₋ , −NH−, −CH ₂₋ , −CH = CH− and −C Represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of ≡ C− and combinations thereof; Q ¹ represents a polymerizable group or a hydrogen atom.

For the preferred range of each reference numeral of the trisubstituted benzene-based discotic liquid crystal compound represented by the above formula (IV) and specific examples of the above-mentioned compound of the formula (IV), paragraphs of JP-A-2010-244038. [0013] to [0077] can be referred to. However, the discotic liquid crystal compounds that can be used in the present invention are not limited to the trisubstituted benzene-based discotic liquid crystal compounds of the above formula (IV).

Examples of the triphenylene compound include compounds described in paragraphs [0062] to [0067] of JP-A-2007-108732, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Since the discotic liquid crystal represented by the above general formula (IV) has a plurality of aromatic rings in the molecule, it has a strong intermolecular π-π with the pyridinium compound or the imidazolium compound described later. Interaction occurs and increases the tilt angle near the interface of the alignment film of the discotic liquid crystal. In particular, the discotic liquid crystal represented by the general formula (IV) has a highly linear molecular structure in which the degree of freedom of rotation of the molecule is constrained because a plurality of aromatic rings are connected by a single bond. Therefore, a stronger intermolecular π-π interaction occurs with the pyridinium compound or the imidazolium compound, and the tilt angle in the vicinity of the alignment film interface of the discotic liquid crystal can be increased to realize a vertically oriented state.

In the present invention, it is preferable to vertically orient the discotic liquid crystal. In the present specification, "vertical orientation" means that the disk surface and the layer surface of the discotic liquid crystal are perpendicular to each other. It does not require that it be strictly vertical, and in the present specification, it means an orientation in which an inclination angle formed with a horizontal plane is 70 degrees or more. The inclination angle is preferably 85 to 90 degrees, more preferably 87 to 90 degrees, even more preferably 88 to 90 degrees, and most preferably 89 to 90 degrees.
It is preferable that an additive that promotes the vertical orientation of the liquid crystal is added to the above-mentioned composition, and examples of the additive include [0055] to [0063] of JP2009-22301A. ] Is included.

In the optically anisotropic layer in which the liquid crystal compound is oriented, the tilt angle on one surface of the optically anisotropic layer (the angle formed by the physical target axis of the liquid crystal compound with the interface of the optically anisotropic layer). It is difficult to directly and accurately measure θ1 (which is the tilt angle) and the tilt angle θ2 of the other surface. Therefore, in the present specification, θ1 and θ2 are calculated by the following method. Although this method does not accurately represent the actual orientation state of the present invention, it is effective as a means for expressing the relative relationship of some optical characteristics of the optically anisotropic layer.
In this method, in order to facilitate the calculation, the following two points are assumed and the tilt angle is set at the two interfaces of the optically anisotropic layer.
1. 1. The optically anisotropic layer is assumed to be a multilayer body composed of a layer containing a liquid crystal compound. Furthermore, the smallest unit layer (assuming that the tilt angle of the liquid crystal compound is uniform within the layer) that composes it is assumed to be optically uniaxial.
2. It is assumed that the tilt angle of each layer changes monotonically with a linear function along the thickness direction of the optically anisotropic layer.
The specific calculation method is as follows.
(1) In a plane where the tilt angle of each layer changes monotonically along the thickness direction of the optically anisotropic layer with a linear function, the incident angle of the measurement light on the optically anisotropic layer is changed to be three or more. Measure the retardation value at the measurement angle. In order to simplify the measurement and calculation, it is preferable to set the normal direction with respect to the optically anisotropic layer to 0 ° and measure the retardation value at three measurement angles of −40 °, 0 ° and + 40 °. Such measurements are performed by KOBRA-21ADH and KOBRA-WR (manufactured by Oji Measuring Instruments Co., Ltd.), transmission type ellipsometer AEP-100 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), M150 and M520 (manufactured by JASCO Corporation). , ABR10A (manufactured by JASCO Corporation).
(2) In the above model, the refractive index of normal light of each layer is no, the refractive index of abnormal light is ne (ne is the same value in all layers, and no is the same), and the thickness of the entire multilayer body is d. And. Furthermore, under the assumption that the tilt direction of each layer and the optical axis direction of one axis of that layer match, the optical difference is made so that the calculation of the angle dependence of the retardation value of the optically anisotropic layer matches the measured value. Fitting is performed using the tilt angle θ1 on one surface of the anisotropic layer and the tilt angle θ2 on the other surface as variables, and θ1 and θ2 are calculated.
Here, known values such as literature values and catalog values can be used for no and ne. If the value is unknown, it can be measured using an Abbe refractometer. The thickness of the optically anisotropic layer can be measured by an optical interference film thickness meter, a cross-sectional photograph of a scanning electron microscope, or the like.

[Onium salt compound (alignment film side orientation control agent)]
In the present invention, as described above, it is preferable to add an onium salt in order to realize the vertical orientation of the discotic liquid crystal having a polymerizable group. The onium salt is unevenly distributed at the alignment film interface and acts to increase the tilt angle in the vicinity of the alignment film interface of the liquid crystal molecules.

As the onium salt, a compound represented by the following general formula (1) is preferable.
General formula (1)
Z- (Y-L-) _n Cy + · X-
In the formula, Cy is a 5- or 6-membered ring onium group, and L, Y, Z, X are L ²³ , L ²⁴ , Y ²² , Y ²³ , Z in the general formulas (2a) and (2b) described later. ^{It is synonymous with 21} and X, and its preferable range is also the same, and n represents an integer of 2 or more.

The onium group (Cy) of the 5- or 6-membered ring is preferably a pyrazolium ring, an imidazolium ring, a triazolium ring, a tetrazolium ring, a pyridinium ring, a pyrazinenium ring, a pyrimidinium ring, or a triazinium ring, and an imidazolium ring or a pyridinium ring is particularly preferable.

The onium group (Cy) of the 5- or 6-membered ring preferably has a group having an affinity for the alignment film material. Further, the onium salt compound _{preferably has a high affinity with the alignment film material at a temperature of T 1} ° C., while having a low affinity at a temperature of T ₂ ° C. Hydrogen bonds can be in a bonded state or in a state in which the bonds have disappeared within the actual temperature range (room temperature to about 150 ° C.) at which the liquid crystal is oriented. Therefore, it is preferable to utilize the affinity of hydrogen bonds. .. However, the present invention is not limited to this example.
For example, in the embodiment in which polyvinyl alcohol is used as the alignment film material, it is preferable to have a hydrogen-bonding group in order to form a hydrogen bond with the hydroxyl group of polyvinyl alcohol. As a theoretical interpretation of hydrogen bonds, for example, H. Uneyamaand K. Reported in Morokuma, Journalof American Chemical Society, Vol. 99, pp. 1316-1332, 1977. As a specific hydrogen bond mode, for example, J.A. N. The styles described in Isla Esativili, Yasushi Kondo, Translated by Hiroyuki Ohshima, Intermolecular Force and Surface Force, McGraw-Hill, 1991, p. 98, FIG. 17 can be mentioned. Specific examples of hydrogen bonds include, for example, G.I. R. Desiraju, Angewante Chemistry International Edition English, Vol. 34, pp. 2311, 1995.

The 5- or 6-membered onium group having a hydrogen-bonding group enhances the surface uneven distribution of the alignment film interface by hydrogen-bonding with polyvinyl alcohol in addition to the hydrophilic effect of the onium group, and the polyvinyl alcohol main chain. Promotes the function of imparting orthogonal orientation to. Preferred hydrogen-binding groups include an amino group, a carboxylic amide group, a sulfonamide group, an acid amide group, a ureido group, a carbamoyl group, a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group (for example, an imidazolyl group and a benzimidazolyl group). Pyrazolyl group, pyridyl group, 1,3,5-triazyl group, pyrimidyl group, pyridadyl group, quinolyl group, benzimidazolyl group, benzthiazolyl group, succiimide group, phthalimide group, maleimide group, uracil group, thiouracil group, barbituric acid group , Hydantin group, hydrazide maleate group, isatin group, uramil group, etc.). Further preferable hydrogen-bonding groups include an amino group and a pyridyl group.
For example, it is also preferable that the onium ring of the 5- or 6-membered ring contains an atom having a hydrogen-bonding group, such as the nitrogen atom of the imidazolium ring.

n is preferably an integer of 2 to 5, more preferably 3 or 4, and particularly preferably 3. The plurality of L and Y may be the same as or different from each other. When n is 3 or more, the onium salt represented by the general formula (1) has three or more 5- or 6-membered rings, and therefore has a strong intermolecular π-π mutual with the above-mentioned discotic liquid crystal. Since the action works, the vertical orientation of the discotic liquid crystal, particularly on the polyvinyl alcohol alignment film, can be realized in the orthogonal vertical orientation with respect to the polyvinyl alcohol main chain.

The onium salt represented by the general formula (1) described above is particularly preferably a pyridinium compound represented by the following general formula (2a) or an imidazolium compound represented by the following general formula (2b).
The compounds represented by the general formulas (2a) and (2b) are mainly intended to control the orientation of the discotic liquid crystal represented by the general formulas (I) to (IV) at the alignment film interface. In addition, it has the effect of increasing the tilt angle in the vicinity of the alignment film interface of the molecules of the discotic liquid crystal.

In the formula, L ²³ and L ²⁴ each represent a divalent linking group.
L ²³ is a single bond, -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O-, -C≡C-, -CH = CH-, -CH = N-, -N = CH-, -N = N-, -O-AL-O-, -O-AL-O-CO-, -O-AL-CO-O-, -CO-O-AL-O-, -CO-O-AL-O- CO-, -CO-O-AL-CO-O-, -O-CO-AL-O-, -O-CO-AL-O-CO- or -O-CO-AL-CO-O-. AL is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. L ²³ is a single bond, -O-, -O-AL-O-, -O-AL-O-CO-, -O-AL-CO-O-, -CO-O-AL-O-,- CO-O-AL-O-CO-, -CO-O-AL-CO-O-, -O-CO-AL-O-, -O-CO-AL-O-CO- or -O-CO- AL-CO-O- is preferred, single bond or -O- is more preferred, and -O- is most preferred.

L ²⁴ is a single bond, -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O-, -C≡C-, -CH = CH-, -CH = N-, -N = CH- or -N = It is preferably N-, more preferably -O-CO- or -CO-O-. When m is 2 or more, it ^{is more preferable that a plurality of L 24s} are alternately −O—CO− and −CO—O−.

R ²² is a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted amino group, or a substituted amino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
When R ²² is a dialkyl-substituted amino group, the two alkyl groups may be bonded to each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. The nitrogen-containing heterocycle formed at this time is preferably a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring. R ²² is more preferably a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted amino group, or a dialkyl substituted amino group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted amino group, or a dialkyl substituted amino group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. It is even more preferably an amino group. When R ²² is an unsubstituted amino group and a substituted amino group, it is preferable that the 4-position of the pyridinium ring is substituted.

X is an anion.
X is preferably a monovalent anion. Examples of anions include halide ions (fluorine ions, chlorine ions, bromine ions, iodine ions) and sulfonic acid ions (eg, methanesulfonate ions, p-toluenesulfonate ions, benzenesulfonate ions).

Y ²² and Y ²³ are divalent linking groups having a 5- or 6-membered ring as a partial structure, respectively.
The 5- or 6-membered ring described above may have a substituent. Preferably, ^{at least one of Y 22} and Y ²³ is a divalent linking group having a 5- or 6-membered ring with a substituent as a partial structure. It ^{is preferable that Y 22} and Y ²³ are divalent linking groups each independently having a 6-membered ring which may have a substituent as a partial structure. The 6-membered ring includes an aliphatic ring, an aromatic ring (benzene ring) and a heterocycle. Examples of 6-membered aliphatic rings include a cyclohexane ring, a cyclohexene ring and a cyclohexadiene ring. Examples of 6-membered heterocycles include pyran ring, dioxane ring, ditian ring, thine ring, pyridine ring, piperidine ring, oxazine ring, morpholine ring, thiazine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring, piperazine ring and triazine ring. include. Another 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring may be condensed with the 6-membered ring.
Examples of substituents include halogen atoms, cyanos, alkyl groups with 1-12 carbon atoms and alkoxy groups with 1-12 carbon atoms. The alkyl group and the alkoxy group may be substituted with an acyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms or an acyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms. The substituent is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 3). The number of substituents may be 2 or more. For example, when Y ²² and Y ²³ are phenylene groups, the number of carbon atoms of 1 to 4 is 1 to 12 (more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 1). It may be substituted with the alkyl group of 3).

In addition, m is 1 or 2, and is preferably 2. When m is 2, the plurality of Y ²³ and L ²⁴ may be the same or different from each other.

Z ²¹ is halogen-substituted phenyl, nitro-substituted phenyl, cyano-substituted phenyl, phenyl substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl substituted with an alkoxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a carbon atom. An alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 13 carbon atoms, and 7 to 26 carbon atoms. It is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of an aryloxycarbonyl group and an arylcarbonyloxy group having 7 to 26 carbon atoms.
When m is 2, Z ²¹ is preferably cyano, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and is an alkoxy group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms. Is even more preferable.
When m is 1, Z ²¹ has an alkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, an acyl substituted alkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and 7 carbon atoms. It is preferably an acyl-substituted alkoxy group of ~ 12, an acyloxy-substituted alkyl group having 7-12 carbon atoms, or an acyloxy-substituted alkoxy group having 7-12 carbon atoms.

The acyl group is represented by -CO-R, the acyloxy group is represented by -O-CO-R, and R is an aliphatic group (alkyl group, substituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, substituted alkenyl group, alkynyl group, substituted alkynyl group) or aromatic. It is a group group (aryl group, substituted aryl group). R is preferably an aliphatic group, more preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group.

p is an integer from 1 to 10. It is particularly preferable that p is 1 or 2. C _p H _2p means a chain alkylene group which may have a branched structure. C _p H _2p is preferably a linear alkylene group (− (CH ₂ ) _p −).

In formula (2b), R ³⁰ is an alkyl group having a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom number of 1 to 12 (more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 3).

Among the compounds represented by the above formula (2a) or (2b), the compound represented by the following formula (2a') or (2b') is preferable.

In the formulas (2a') and (2b'), the same reference numerals as those in the formulas (2a) and (2b) have the same meaning, and the preferable range is also the same. L ²⁵ is ^{synonymous with L 24,} and so is the preferred range. L ²⁴ and L ²⁵ are preferably -O-CO- or -CO-O-, preferably L ²⁴ is -O-CO- and L ²⁵ is -CO-O-.

R ²³ , R ²⁴ and R ²⁵ are alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 3), respectively. n ₂₃ represents 0 to 4, n ₂₄ represents 1 to 4, and n ₂₅ represents 0 to 4. It is preferable that n ₂₃ and n ₂₅ are 0 and n ₂₄ is 1 to 4 (more preferably 1 to 3).
R ³⁰ is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (more preferably 1 to 6 and even more preferably 1 to 3).

Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include the compounds described in [0058] to [0061] in the specification of JP-A-2006-113500.

Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) are shown below. However, in the following formula, the anion (X-) was omitted.

The compounds of formulas (2a) and (2b) can be prepared by a general method. For example, the pyridinium derivative of the formula (2a) is generally obtained by alkylating a pyridine ring (Menstock reaction).
The amount of the onium salt added does not exceed 5% by mass with respect to the liquid crystal compound, and is preferably about 0.1 to 2% by mass.

The onium salts represented by the above-mentioned general formulas (2a) and (2b) are unevenly distributed on the surface of the above-mentioned hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol alignment film because the pyridinium group or the imidazolium group is hydrophilic. ^{In particular, the pyridinium group is further substituted with an amino group in which R 22} is unsubstituted or an amino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the amino group which is a substituent of the acceptor of the hydrogen atom (general formulas (2a) and (2a')). When the amino group) is substituted, an intermolecular hydrogen bond is generated with the polyvinyl alcohol, which is unevenly distributed on the surface of the alignment film at a higher density, and the pyridinium derivative is the main chain of the polyvinyl alcohol due to the effect of the hydrogen bond. Since it is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the rubbing direction, it promotes the orthogonal orientation of the liquid crystal with respect to the rubbing direction. Since the above-mentioned pyridinium derivative has a plurality of aromatic rings in the molecule, a strong intermolecular π-π interaction occurs with the above-mentioned liquid crystal, particularly the discotic liquid crystal, and the orientation of the discotic liquid crystal Induces orthogonal orientation near the membrane interface. In particular, as represented by the general formula (2a'), when a hydrophobic aromatic ring is linked to a hydrophilic pyridinium group, it also has an effect of inducing vertical orientation due to the hydrophobic effect.

Further, when the onium salts represented by the above-mentioned general formulas (2a) and (2b) are used in combination, by heating above a certain temperature, the liquid crystal makes its slow phase axis parallel to the rubbing direction. Orientation and parallel orientation can be promoted. This is because the hydrogen bond with polyvinyl alcohol is broken by the heat energy generated by heating, the onium salt is uniformly dispersed in the alignment film, the density on the surface of the alignment film decreases, and the liquid crystal is oriented due to the regulatory force of the rubbing alignment film itself. Is.

[Fluoroaliphatic group-containing copolymer (air interface orientation control agent)]
The fluoroaliphatic group-containing copolymer is added for the purpose of controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal, mainly the discotic liquid crystal represented by the above-mentioned general formula (I), at the air interface, and the air of the molecule of the liquid crystal is added. It has the effect of increasing the tilt angle near the interface. Furthermore, the applicability of unevenness, repellent, etc. is also improved.
Examples of the fluoroaliphatic group-containing copolymer that can be used in the present invention include Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-333852, 2004-3333861, 2005-134884, 2005-179636, and 2005-181977. It can be selected and used from the compounds described in each publication and specification. Particularly preferably, according to the publication and the specification 2005-179636 Patent, and Nos 2005-181977 Patent, a fluoro aliphatic group, a carboxyl group (-COOH), a sulfo group (-SO ₃ H), phosphonoxy It is a polymer containing {-OP (= O) (OH) ₂ }} and one or more hydrophilic groups selected from the group consisting of salts thereof in a side chain.
The amount of the fluoroaliphatic group-containing copolymer added is preferably about 0.1 to 1% by mass without exceeding 2% by mass with respect to the liquid crystal compound.

The fluoroaliphatic group-containing copolymer enhances the uneven distribution to the air interface by the hydrophobic effect of the fluoroaliphatic group and provides a field of low surface energy on the air interface side, so that the liquid crystal, especially the discotic liquid crystal, is tilted. The angle can be increased. Further, with one or more hydrophilic groups selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group (-COOH), a sulfo group (-SO ₃ H), a phosphonoxy {-OP (= O) (OH) _{2}} and salts thereof.} When a copolymerization component containing is contained in the side chain, the vertical orientation of the liquid crystal compound can be realized by the charge repulsion between these anions and the π electrons of the liquid crystal.

[solvent]
The above-mentioned composition used for forming the optically anisotropic layer is preferably prepared as a coating liquid. An organic solvent is preferably used as the solvent used for preparing the coating liquid. Examples of organic solvents include amides (eg, N, N-dimethylformamide), sulfoxides (eg, dimethyl sulfoxide), heterocyclic compounds (eg, pyridine), hydrocarbons (eg, benzene, hexane), alkyl halides (eg, eg, hexane). , Chloroform, dichloromethane), esters (eg, methyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketones (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), ethers (eg, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane). Alkyl halides and ketones are preferred. Two or more kinds of organic solvents may be used together.

[Polymerization initiator]
The composition (for example, a coating liquid) containing the liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group described above is placed in an oriented state showing a desired liquid crystal phase, and then the oriented state is fixed by ultraviolet irradiation. Immobilization is preferably carried out by a polymerization reaction of reactive groups introduced into the liquid crystal compound. It is preferably immobilized by a photopolymerization reaction by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. The photopolymerization reaction may be either radical polymerization or cationic polymerization. Examples of radical photopolymerization initiators include α-carbonyl compounds (described in US Pat. Nos. 2,376,661 and 236,670), acidoin ethers (described in US Pat. No. 2,448,828), and α-hydrogen-substituted aromatics. Achilloine compound (described in US Pat. No. 2722512), polynuclear quinone compound (described in US Pat. Included), aclysine and phenazine compounds (described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-105667, US Pat. No. 4,239,850) and oxadiazole compounds (described in US Pat. No. 4,212,970). Examples of the cationic photopolymerization initiator include an organic sulfonium salt type, an iodonium salt type, a phosphonium salt type, and the like, and an organic sulfonium salt type is preferable, and a triphenylsulfonium salt type is particularly preferable. As the counter ion of these compounds, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluorophosphate and the like are preferably used.
The amount of the photopolymerization initiator used is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, based on the solid content of the coating liquid.

[Sensitizer]
Further, a sensitizer may be used in addition to the polymerization initiator for the purpose of increasing the sensitivity. Examples of sensitizers include n-butylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylphosphine, thioxanthone and the like. A plurality of types of photopolymerization initiators may be combined, and the amount used is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, based on the solid content of the coating liquid. It is preferable to use ultraviolet rays for light irradiation for polymerization of the liquid crystal compound.

[Other additives]
The above-mentioned composition may contain a non-liquid crystal polymerizable monomer in addition to the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. As the polymerizable monomer, a compound having a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group is preferable. It is preferable to use a polyfunctional monomer having 2 or more polymerizable reactive functional groups, for example, ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane acrylate because the durability is improved. Since the non-liquid crystal polymerizable monomer described above is a non-liquid crystal component, the amount added thereof does not exceed 40% by mass with respect to the liquid crystal compound, and is preferably about 0 to 20% by mass.

The thickness of the optically anisotropic layer formed in this manner is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 μm, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 μm.

Transparent support:
The optical film of the present invention has a transparent support that supports the above-mentioned optically anisotropic layer. As the transparent support, it is preferable to use a polymer film showing positive Rth. It is also preferable to use low Re and low Rth polymer films as the transparent support.

Examples of the material for forming the transparent support that can be used in the present invention include polycarbonate-based polymers, polyester-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, acrylic polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate, and polystyrene, acrylonitrile, and styrene co-weight. Examples thereof include styrene-based polymers such as coalesced (AS resin). Further, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyolefin polymers such as ethylene / propylene copolymers, vinyl chloride polymers, amide polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamides, imide polymers, sulfone polymers, and polyether sulfone polymers. , Polyether ether ketone polymer, polyphenylene sulfide polymer, vinylidene chloride polymer, vinyl alcohol polymer, vinyl butyral polymer, allylate polymer, polyoxymethylene polymer, epoxy polymer, or polymer mixed with the above-mentioned polymers. Is also given as an example. Further, the polymer film of the present invention can also be formed as a cured layer of an ultraviolet curable type or thermosetting type resin such as acrylic type, urethane type, acrylic urethane type, epoxy type and silicone type.

Further, as the material for forming the above-mentioned transparent support, a thermoplastic norbornene-based resin can be preferably used. Examples of the thermoplastic norbornene-based resin include Zeonex and Zeonoa manufactured by Zeon Corporation, and Arton manufactured by JSR Corporation.

Further, as the material for forming the above-mentioned transparent support, a cellulosic polymer represented by triacetyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as cellulose acylate), which has been conventionally used as a transparent protective film for a polarizing plate, is preferably used. Can be done.

[UV absorber]
An ultraviolet absorber may be further added to the transparent support such as the cellulose acylate film in order to improve the light resistance of the film itself or prevent deterioration of the polarizing plate and the image display member.

As the ultraviolet absorber, one having an excellent ability to absorb ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 370 nm or less from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the liquid crystal and having as little visible light absorption as possible having a wavelength of 400 nm or more from the viewpoint of good image displayability is used. Is preferable. In particular, the transmittance at a wavelength of 370 nm is preferably 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, and more preferably 5% or less. Such an ultraviolet absorber contains, for example, an oxybenzophenone compound, a benzotriazole compound, a salicylate ester compound, a benzophenone compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, a nickel complex salt compound, and an ultraviolet absorbing group as described above. Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, high molecular weight ultraviolet absorbing compounds. Two or more kinds of ultraviolet absorbers may be used.

The ultraviolet absorber may be added to the dope after being dissolved in an organic solvent such as alcohol, methylene chloride, or dioxolane, or may be added directly to the dope composition. Those that do not dissolve in an organic solvent, such as inorganic powder, are dispersed in an organic solvent and cellulose acylate using a resolver or sand mill, and then added to the dope.

In the present invention, the amount of the ultraviolet absorber used is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass, preferably 0.5 to 2.0 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.8 to 2. It is 0 parts by mass.

Alignment film:
An alignment film capable of realizing a patterned optically anisotropic layer may be formed between the optically anisotropic layer and the transparent support. As the alignment film, it is preferable to use a rubbing alignment film.
The "rubbing alignment film" that can be used in the present invention means a film that has been treated by rubbing so as to have the ability to regulate the orientation of liquid crystal molecules. The rubbing alignment film has an orientation axis that regulates the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal molecules are oriented according to the alignment axis. The liquid crystal molecules are oriented so that the slow axis of the liquid crystal is parallel to the rubbing direction at the portion where the alignment film is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and the slow axis of the liquid crystal molecules is oriented orthogonally to the rubbing direction at the unirradiated portion. As described above, the material of the alignment film, the acid generator, the liquid crystal, and the alignment control agent are selected.

The rubbing alignment film generally contains a polymer as a main component. The polymer material for an alignment film has been described in a large number of documents, and a large number of commercially available products are available. The polymer material used in the present invention is preferably polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide, or a derivative thereof. Particularly modified or unmodified polyvinyl alcohol is preferable. Polyvinyl alcohol has various degrees of saponification. In the present invention, it is preferable to use one having a saponification degree of about 85 to 99. Commercially available products may be used. For example, "PVA103", "PVA203" (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) and the like are PVAs having the above-mentioned degree of saponification. For the rubbing alignment film, the modified polyvinyl alcohol described in WO01 / 88574A1A1 (page 43, lines 24 to 49, line 8) and Japanese Patent No. 3907735, paragraph numbers [0071] to [0995] can be referred to. The thickness of the rubbing alignment film is preferably 0.01 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 1 μm.

The rubbing treatment can be generally carried out by rubbing the surface of the film containing the polymer as a main component with paper or cloth several times in a certain direction. A general method of rubbing processing is described in, for example, "LCD Handbook" (published by Maruzen-sha, October 30, 2000).
As a method for changing the rubbing density, the method described in "LCD Handbook" (published by Maruzen-sha) can be used. The rubbing density (L) is quantified by the following formula (A).
Equation (A) L = N × l × (1 + 2π × r × n / (60 × v))
In the formula (A), N is the number of rubbing, l is the contact length of the rubbing roller, r is the radius of the roller, n is the rotation speed (rpm) of the roller, and v is the stage moving speed (speed per second).

In order to increase the rubbing density, it is sufficient to increase the number of rubbing, increase the contact length of the rubbing roller, increase the radius of the roller, increase the rotation speed of the roller, and slow down the stage movement speed, while decreasing the rubbing density. To do this, the reverse is true.
There is a relationship between the rubbing density and the pretilt angle of the alignment film that the pretilt angle decreases as the rubbing density increases and the pretilt angle increases as the rubbing density decreases.
In order to bond a long polarizing film with a polarizing film whose absorption axis is in the longitudinal direction, an alignment film is formed on a support made of a long polymer film, and the direction is 45 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction. It is preferable to continuously perform a rubbing treatment to form a rubbing alignment film.

If possible, a photoalignment film may be used.

Further, the alignment film may contain at least one kind of photoacid generator. The photoacid generator is a compound that decomposes by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays to generate an acidic compound. When the above-mentioned photoacid generator decomposes by light irradiation to generate an acidic compound, the orientation control ability of the alignment film changes. The change in the orientation control ability referred to here is included in the alignment film and the composition for forming an optically anisotropic layer arranged on the alignment film, even if it is specified as a change in the orientation control ability of the alignment film alone. It may be specified as a change in orientation control ability achieved by an additive or the like, or may be specified as a combination thereof.
The discotic liquid crystal may be in an orthogonal and vertical orientation state by adding an onium salt. When the acid generated by the decomposition and the onium salt are anion-exchanged, the uneven distribution of the onium salt at the alignment film interface is reduced, the orthogonal-vertical alignment effect is reduced, and a parallel-vertical alignment state may be formed. Further, for example, when the alignment film is a polyvinyl alcohol-based alignment film, the ester portion thereof may be decomposed by the generated acid, and as a result, the interfacial uneven distribution of the alignment film of the onium salt may be changed.

The above-mentioned optically anisotropic layer can be formed by various methods using an alignment film, and the production method thereof is not particularly limited.
The first aspect utilizes a plurality of actions that affect the orientation control of the discotic liquid crystal, and then eliminates one of the actions by an external stimulus (heat treatment, etc.) to dominate the predetermined orientation control action. How to do it. For example, by the combined action of the orientation control ability of the alignment film and the orientation control ability of the orientation control agent added to the liquid crystal composition, the discotic liquid crystal is placed in a predetermined orientation state, and the discotic liquid crystal is fixed and the phase difference between the two. After forming the region, one of the actions (for example, the action by the orientation control agent) is eliminated by an external stimulus (heat treatment, etc.), and the other orientation control action (action by the alignment film) is dominated, thereby controlling the other. The orientation state of is realized, and it is fixed to form the other retardation region. For example, the pyridinium compound represented by the general formula (2a) or the imidazolium compound represented by the general formula (2b) is a hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol alignment film because the pyridinium group or the imidazolium group is hydrophilic. It is unevenly distributed on the surface. ^{In particular, the pyridinium group is further substituted with an amino group in which R 22} is unsubstituted or an amino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the amino group which is a substituent of the acceptor of the hydrogen atom (general formulas (2a) and (2a')). When the amino group) is substituted, an intermolecular hydrogen bond is generated with the polyvinyl alcohol, which is unevenly distributed on the surface of the alignment film at a higher density, and the pyridinium derivative is the main chain of the polyvinyl alcohol due to the effect of the hydrogen bond. Since it is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the rubbing direction, it promotes the orthogonal orientation of the liquid crystal with respect to the rubbing direction. Since the above-mentioned pyridinium derivative has a plurality of aromatic rings in the molecule, a strong intermolecular π-π interaction occurs with the above-mentioned liquid crystal, particularly the discotic liquid crystal, and the orientation of the discotic liquid crystal Induces orthogonal orientation near the membrane interface. In particular, as represented by the general formula (2a'), when a hydrophobic aromatic ring is linked to a hydrophilic pyridinium group, it also has an effect of inducing vertical orientation due to the hydrophobic effect. However, the effect is that when heated above a certain temperature, hydrogen bonds are broken, the density on the surface of the alignment film such as the above-mentioned pyridinium compound decreases, and the action disappears. As a result, the liquid crystal is oriented by the regulatory force of the rubbing alignment film itself, and the liquid crystal is in a parallel alignment state. Details of this method are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-141346 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-008170), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The second aspect is an aspect of utilizing a pattern alignment film. In this aspect, a pattern alignment film having different orientation control abilities is formed, a liquid crystal composition is arranged on the pattern alignment film, and the liquid crystal is oriented. The liquid crystal is oriented by the orientation control ability of each of the pattern alignment films, and achieves different orientation states. By fixing each alignment state, a pattern of a first retardation region and a second retardation region is formed according to the pattern of the alignment film. The pattern alignment film can be formed by using a printing method, mask rubbing on a rubbing alignment film, mask exposure on a light alignment film, or the like. Further, the pattern alignment film can also be formed by uniformly forming the alignment film and separately printing an additive (for example, the onium salt or the like) that affects the orientation control ability in a predetermined pattern. The method using the printing method is preferable because it does not require large-scale equipment and is easy to manufacture. Details of this method are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-173077 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-0326661), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Moreover, you may use the 1st aspect and the 2nd aspect together. One example is the addition of a photoacid generator into the alignment film. In this example, a photoacid generator is added to the alignment film, and pattern exposure forms a region in which the photoacid generator is decomposed to generate an acidic compound and a region in which an acidic compound is not generated. In the light-unirradiated portion, the photoacid generator remains almost undecomposed, and the interaction between the alignment film material, the liquid crystal display, and the orientation control agent added if desired controls the orientation state, and the liquid crystal display has its slow axis. Is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the rubbing direction. When the alignment film is irradiated with light and an acidic compound is generated, the interaction is no longer dominant, the rubbing direction of the rubbing alignment film dominates the orientation state, and the liquid crystal makes its slow axis parallel to the rubbing direction. Oriented in parallel. As the photoacid generator used for the above-mentioned alignment film, a water-soluble compound is preferably used. Examples of photoacid generators that can be used include Prog. Polym. Sci. , 23, 1485 (1998). As the above-mentioned photoacid generator, pyridinium salt, iodonium salt and sulfonium salt are particularly preferably used. Details of this method are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-289360, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Here, when a photoacid generator is added to the alignment film to form the pattern alignment film by pattern exposure, it is preferable that the exposure mask and the alignment film are brought into close contact with each other for exposure. Further, it is preferable to apply a pressure of 0.03 MPa to 0.7 MPa between the exposure mask and the alignment film for exposure.
By bringing the mask and the alignment film into close contact with each other, light leakage during exposure is suppressed, and the liquid crystal compound formed at the boundary between the first retardation region and the second retardation region is formed in a uniform direction. The width of the unoriented boundary region can be reduced. Further, by applying a pressure of 0.03 MPa to 0.7 MPa for close contact, it is possible to suppress the formation of a gap between the mask and the coating film, sufficiently suppress light leakage during exposure, and obtain a boundary region. The width can be made smaller.

The pressure for adhering the mask and the coating film is preferably 0.03 MPa to 0.7 MPa, more preferably 0.1 MPa to 0.6 MPa, and even more preferably 0.2 MPa to 0.5 MPa.

Further, in this manufacturing method, in order to perform exposure by bringing the mask and the coating film into close contact with each other during exposure, a rubbing step is performed after the exposure step. If the mask and the coating film are brought into close contact with each other after the rubbing step, the rubbing surface formed by the rubbing treatment is destroyed. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the rubbing step after the exposure step.

Further, as a third aspect, there is a method of utilizing a discotic liquid crystal having polymerizable groups having different polymerizable groups (for example, an oxetanyl group and a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group). In this aspect, after the discotic liquid crystal is placed in a predetermined orientation state, light irradiation or the like is performed under the condition that the polymerization reaction of only one polymerizable group proceeds to form a pre-optical anisotropic layer. Next, mask exposure is performed under conditions that allow the polymerization of the other polymerizable group (for example, in the presence of a polymerization initiator that initiates the polymerization of the other polymerizable group). The orientation state of the exposed portion is completely fixed, and one retardation region having a predetermined Re is formed. In the unexposed region, the reaction of one reactive group is proceeding, but the reaction of the other reactive group remains unreacted. Therefore, when the temperature exceeds the isotropic phase temperature and is heated to a temperature at which the reaction of the other reactive group can proceed, the unexposed region is fixed in the isotropic phase state, that is, Re becomes 0 nm.

Polarizing film:
As the polarizing film, a general polarizing film can be used. For example, a polarizing film made of a polyvinyl alcohol film or the like dyed with iodine or a dichroic dye can be used.

Adhesive layer or adhesive:
An adhesive layer may be arranged between the optically anisotropic layer and the polarizing film. The adhesive layer used for laminating the optically anisotropic layer and the polarizing film has, for example, the ratio of G'to G'measured by a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device (tan δ = G'/ G'). It represents a substance having a value of 0.001 to 1.5, and includes so-called adhesives, substances that easily creep, and the like. The pressure-sensitive adhesive is not particularly limited, and for example, a polyvinyl alcohol-based pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used.

Optical film layer structure:
The optical film of the present invention may be provided with one or a plurality of necessary functional layers depending on the intended purpose. Preferred embodiments include a configuration in which a hard coat layer is laminated on an optically anisotropic layer, an embodiment in which an antireflection layer is laminated on an optically anisotropic layer, and a hard coat layer on an optically anisotropic layer. A mode in which an antireflection layer is further laminated, a mode in which an antiglare layer is laminated on an optically anisotropic layer, and a laminate containing the optical film of the present invention is used as a substrate or a display substrate. Examples thereof include a mode in which an adhesive layer for adhering to the optical layer is laminated. The antireflection layer is a layer composed of at least one layer or more, which is designed in consideration of the refractive index, the film thickness, the number of layers, the layer order, etc. so that the reflectance is reduced by optical interference.

The antireflection layer has the simplest structure in which only the low refractive index layer is coated on the outermost surface of the film. In order to further reduce the reflectance, it is preferable to form an antireflection layer by combining a high refractive index layer having a high refractive index and a low refractive index layer having a low refractive index. As a configuration example, two layers of a high refractive index layer / a low refractive index layer and three layers having different refractive indexes are arranged in order from the lower side with a medium refractive index layer (higher refractive index than the lower layer and high refractive index). There are those in which a layer having a lower refractive index than the layer) / a layer having a high refractive index / a layer having a low refractive index are laminated in this order, and a layer in which more antireflection layers are laminated has also been proposed. Above all, from the viewpoint of durability, optical characteristics, cost, productivity, etc., it is preferable to have the medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer in this order on the hard coat layer. Examples thereof include the configurations described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-110401, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-300902, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-243906, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-111706, and the like. Further, other functions may be imparted to each layer, for example, an antifouling low refractive index layer, an antistatic high refractive index layer, and an antistatic hard coat layer (eg, JP-A-10). -206603, JP-A-2002-243906, etc.) and the like.

An example of a specific layer structure of the optical film of the present invention having a hard coat layer and an antireflection layer is shown below.
Support / Optically anisotropic layer Support / Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer Support / Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Low refractive index layer Support / Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer / Low refraction layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer / Medium refraction layer / High refraction layer / Low refraction layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Anti-glare layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Anti-glare layer / Low refractive index layer Support / Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Anti-glare layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refraction layer support / optically anisotropic layer / support / hard coat layer / antiglare layer support / optically anisotropic layer / support / hard coat layer / antiglare layer / low refraction layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / support / hard coat layer / antiglare layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer optically anisotropic layer / support optically anisotropic layer / support / support / Hard coat layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Support / Low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Support / Hard coat layer / Low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Support Body / Hard coat layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Support / Anti-glare layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Support / Anti-glare layer / Low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Support / Anti-glare layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer Optical heterogeneity Sex layer / support / support / hard coat layer / antiglare layer Optically anisotropic layer / support / support / hardcoat layer / antiglare layer / low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / support / support Body / hard coat layer / antiglare layer / medium refraction layer / high refraction layer / low refraction layer optically anisotropic layer / support / hard coat layer optically anisotropic layer / support / low refraction layer optical Anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer / Low refractive index layer Optical anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support Body / Anti-glare layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Anti-glare layer / Low refractive index layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Anti-glare layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer Optical Anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer / Anti-glare layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer / Anti-glare layer / Low refraction layer Optically anisotropic layer / Support / Hard coat layer / Anti-refraction Dazzling layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Hard coat layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Low refractive index layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Hard coat layer / Low refraction layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Hard coat layer / Medium refraction layer / High refraction layer / Low refraction layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Anti-glare layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / Antiglare layer / Low refraction layer support / Optically anisotropic layer / antiglare layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer support / optically anisotropic layer / hard coat layer / antiglare layer support / optically anisotropic layer / hard Coat layer / Anti-glare layer / Low refraction layer Support / Optically anisotropic layer / Hard coat layer / Anti-glare layer / Medium refraction layer / High refraction layer / Low refraction layer

In each of the above configurations, it is preferable to directly form a functional layer such as a hard coat layer, an antiglare layer, and an antireflection layer on the optically anisotropic layer. Further, an optical film including an optically anisotropic layer and an optical film separately provided with layers such as a hard coat layer, an antiglare layer, and an antireflection layer on a support may be laminated and manufactured.

One of the preferred embodiments of the optical film of the present invention is an embodiment having an antireflection layer in which a medium refractive index layer, a high refractive index layer, and a low refractive index layer are laminated in order from the optically anisotropic layer side. The refractive index of the medium refractive index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.60 to 1.65, the thickness of the medium refractive index layer is 50.0 nm to 70.0 nm, and the high refractive index layer is at a wavelength of 550 nm. The refractive index is 1.70 to 1.74, the thickness of the high refractive index layer is 90.0 nm to 115.0 nm, and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.33 to 1. It is 38, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 85.0 nm to 95.0 nm.

Among the above configurations, the configuration (1) or the configuration (2) shown below is particularly preferable.
Configuration (1): The refractive index of the medium refractive index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.60 to 1.64, the thickness of the medium refractive index layer is 55.0 nm to 65.0 nm, and the wavelength of the high refractive index layer. The refractive index at 550 nm is 1.70 to 1.74, the thickness of the high refractive index layer is 105.0 nm to 115.0 nm, and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.33 to 1. An antireflection film which is 38 and is a low refraction layer having a thickness of 85.0 nm to 95.0 nm.
Configuration (2): The refractive index of the medium refractive index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.60 to 1.65, the thickness of the medium refractive index layer is 55.0 nm to 65.0 nm, and the wavelength of the high refractive index layer. The refractive index at 550 nm is 1.70 to 1.74, the thickness of the high refractive index layer is 90.0 nm to 100.0 nm, and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.33 to 1. An antireflection film having a thickness of 38 and a low refractive index layer of 85.0 nm to 95.0 nm.

By keeping the refractive index and thickness of each layer within the above ranges, the fluctuation of the reflected color can be further reduced. The configuration (1) is particularly preferable because it is a configuration in which the reflectance can be particularly lowered while suppressing the fluctuation of the reflected color to be small. Further, the configuration (2) is particularly preferable because the fluctuation of the reflectance is suppressed to be smaller than that of the configuration (1) and the robustness against the fluctuation of the film thickness is excellent.

Then, in the present invention, the medium refractive index layer has the following equation (I) and the high refractive index layer has the following equation (I) with respect to the design wavelength λ (= 550 nm: representative of the wavelength region having the highest luminosity factor). II), it is preferable that the low refractive index layer satisfies the following formula (III).

Equation (I) λ / 4 × 0.68 <n ₁ × d ₁ <λ / 4 × 0.74
Equation (II) λ / 2 × 0.66 <n ₂ × d ₂ <λ / 2 × 0.72
Equation (III) λ / 4 × 0.84 <n ₃ × d ₃ <λ / 4 × 0.92
In the equation, n ₁ is the refractive index of the medium refractive index layer, d ₁ is the layer thickness (nm) of the medium refractive index layer, n ₂ is the refractive index of the high refractive index layer, and d ₂ is the high refractive index. The layer thickness (nm) of the rate layer, n ₃ is the refractive index of the low refractive index layer, d ₃ is the layer thickness (nm) of the low refractive index layer, and n ₃ <n ₁ <n ₂ . ..

When the above formulas (I), (II) and (III) are satisfied, the reflectance is low and the change in the reflected color can be suppressed, which is preferable. In addition, this is preferable because when oil and fat components such as fingerprints and sebum are attached, there is little change in color and stains are less likely to be visually recognized.

The color of the positively reflected light with respect to the 5 degree incident light of the CIE standard light source D65 in the region of wavelength 380 nm to 780 nm is CIE1976L * a * b *, and the a * and b * values of the color space are 0≤a * ≤8, respectively. , -10 ≦ b * ≦ 0, and further, the color difference ΔE when the layer thickness of any layer of each layer fluctuates by 2.5% within the above-mentioned color fluctuation range is expressed by the following formula ( By setting the range in 5), the neutrality of the reflected color is good, there is no difference in the reflected color for each product, and when oil and fat components such as fingerprints and sebum adhere to the surface, stains become inconspicuous, which is preferable. .. By using a low refractive index layer containing a fluorine-containing antifouling agent having a polymerizable unsaturated group and a fluorine-containing polyfunctional acrylate in combination with the above layer structure, magic, fingerprints, and sebum can be obtained even with a multilayer interference film structure. Oil and fat components such as these are less likely to adhere, and even if they adhere, they can be easily wiped off and made inconspicuous.

Equation (5):
ΔE = {(L * -L *') ² + (a * -a *') ² + (b * -b *') ² } ^1/2 ≤ 3
(L *', a *', b *'are the color of the reflected light at the design film thickness)

Further, when it is installed on the surface of an image display device, it is preferable that the average value of the mirror surface reflectance is 0.5% or less because the reflection can be remarkably reduced.

For the measurement of mirror reflectance and tint, the adapter "ARV-474" is attached to the spectrophotometer "V-550" (manufactured by Nippon Kogaku Co., Ltd.), and the incident angle θ (in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm) ( The mirror reflectance of the emission angle −θ at (θ = 5 to 45 °, 5 ° interval) can be measured, the average reflectance of 450 to 650 nm can be calculated, and the antireflection property can be evaluated. Further, from the measured reflection spectrum, the L * value, a * value, and b * value between the CIE1976 L * a * b * colors, which represent the tint of the positively reflected light with respect to the incident light at each incident angle of the CIE standard light source D65, are obtained. It can be calculated and the tint of the reflected light can be evaluated.

The refractive index of each layer can be measured by applying the coating liquid of each layer to a glass plate to a thickness of 3 to 5 μm and using a multi-wavelength Abbe refractometer DR-M2 (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.). .. In the present specification, the refractive index measured using the filter of "Interference filter for DR-M2 and M4 546 (e) nm Part number: RE-3523" is adopted as the refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm. The film thickness of each layer can be measured by cross-sectional observation using a reflection spectroscopic film thickness meter "FE-3000" (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) using light interference or a TEM (transmission electron microscope). Although it is possible to measure the refractive index at the same time as the film thickness with a reflection spectroscopic film thickness meter, it is desirable to use the refractive index of each layer measured by another means in order to improve the measurement accuracy of the film thickness. When the refractive index of each layer cannot be measured, it is desirable to measure the film thickness by TEM. In that case, it is desirable to measure at 10 or more points and use the average value.

The optical film of the present invention preferably has a form in which the film is wound into a roll shape at the time of manufacture. In that case, in order to obtain the neutrality of the tint of the reflected color, the average value d (average value), the minimum value d (minimum value), and the maximum value d (maximum value) of the layer thickness in an arbitrary 1000 m length range are obtained. The value of the layer thickness distribution calculated by the following formula (6) with the value) as a parameter is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 4% or less, still more preferably 3% or less for each layer of the thin film layer. , More preferably 2.5% or less, and particularly preferably 2% or less.

Equation (6): (maximum value d-minimum value d) × 100 / average value d

(Hard coat layer)
The optical film of the present invention may be provided with a hard coat layer in order to impart the physical strength of the film. In the present invention, it is not necessary to provide the hard coat layer, but it is preferable to provide the hard coat layer because the scratch resistance surface such as the pencil scratch test becomes stronger. Preferably, a low refractive index layer is provided on the hard coat layer, and more preferably, a medium refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer are provided between the hard coat layer and the low refractive index layer to form an antireflection film. The hard coat layer may be composed of two or more laminated layers.

The refractive index of the hard coat layer is preferably in the range of 1.48 to 2.00, more preferably 1.48 to 1.70, from the optical design for obtaining an antireflection film. be. In the embodiment in which at least one low refractive index layer is provided on the hard coat layer, if the refractive index is too small than this range, the antireflection property tends to be lowered, and if it is too large, the tint of the reflected light tends to be strong.

The film thickness of the hard coat layer is usually about 0.5 μm to 50 μm, preferably 1 μm to 20 μm, and more preferably 5 μm to 20 μm from the viewpoint of imparting sufficient durability and impact resistance to the film.
The strength of the hard coat layer is preferably H or more, more preferably 2H or more, and most preferably 3H or more in the pencil hardness test. Further, in the tabor test according to JIS K5400, it is preferable that the amount of wear of the test piece before and after the test is small.

The hard coat layer is preferably formed by a cross-linking reaction or a polymerization reaction of an ionizing radiation curable compound. For example, a coating composition containing an ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer can be applied onto a transparent support, and the polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer can be formed by a cross-linking reaction or a polymerization reaction. can. As the functional group of the ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer, light, electron beam, and radiation polymerizable groups are preferable, and photopolymerizable functional groups are particularly preferable. Examples of the photopolymerizable functional group include unsaturated polymerizable functional groups such as a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, a styryl group and an allyl group, and among them, a (meth) acryloyl group is preferable.

The hard coat layer contains matte particles having an average particle size of 1.0 to 10.0 μm, preferably 1.5 to 7.0 μm, for example, particles of an inorganic compound or resin particles, for the purpose of imparting internal scattering property. You may.

Various refractive index monomers, inorganic particles, or both can be added to the binder of the hard coat layer for the purpose of controlling the refractive index of the hard coat layer. Inorganic particles have the effect of suppressing curing shrinkage due to the cross-linking reaction, in addition to the effect of controlling the refractive index. In the present invention, after the formation of the hard coat layer, a polymer produced by polymerizing the above-mentioned polyfunctional monomer and / or high refractive index monomer and the like, and inorganic particles dispersed therein are referred to as a binder.

In addition to the above-mentioned particles of the inorganic compound, an ultraviolet absorber or the like can be added to the hard coat layer.

(UV absorber)
It is preferable to add an ultraviolet absorber into a layer arranged outside the patterned optically anisotropic layer, such as the above-mentioned hard coat layer. As the ultraviolet absorber that can be used, any known one that can exhibit ultraviolet absorption can be used. Among such ultraviolet absorbers, benzotriazole-based or hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorbers are preferable in order to obtain the ultraviolet absorbing ability (ultraviolet blocking ability) used in electronic image display devices because of their high ultraviolet absorbing ability. Further, in order to widen the absorption range of ultraviolet rays, two or more kinds of ultraviolet absorbers having different maximum absorption wavelengths can be used in combination.

Examples of the benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber include 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxymethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole and 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl. ] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxypropyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyhexyl) phenyl]- 2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-butyl -3'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5-chloro-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2' -Hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5-methoxy-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5-cyano-2H-benzotriazole , 2- [2'-Hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5-tert-butyl-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl]- 5-Nitro-2H-benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-5-ter-butylphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, benzenepropanoic acid-3- (2H-benzotriazole-2-yl) -5- (1) , 1-Dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxy-, C7-9-branched linear alkyl ester, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4,6-bis (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) Examples thereof include phenol, 2- (2H-benzotriazole-2-yl) -6- (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) -4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol and the like.

Examples of the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber include 2- [4-[(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyloxypropyl) oxy] -2-hydroxyphenyl] 4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1. , 3,5-Triazine, 2- [4- (2-Hydroxy-3-tridecyloxypropyl) oxy] -2-hydroxyphenyl] -4,6-bis (2,4 dimethylphenyl) -1,3 5-Triazine, 2- [4-[(2-Hydroxy-3- (2'-ethyl) hexyl) oxy] -2-hydroxyphenyl] -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1, 3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl) -6- (2,4-bis-butyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2- (2-) Hydroxy-4- [1-octyloxycarbonylethoxy] phenyl) -4,6-bis (4-phenylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,2', 4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 2 , 2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-acetoxyethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy Benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4, Examples thereof include 4'-dimethoxy-5,5'-disulfobenzophenone, disodium salt and the like.

The content of the UV absorber depends on the required UV transmittance and the absorbance of the UV absorber, but is 100 parts by mass of the composition for forming a hard coat layer (however, when prepared as a coating liquid, the solid content excluding the solvent). On the other hand, it is usually 20 parts by mass or less, preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass. When the content of the ultraviolet absorber is more than 20 parts by mass, the curability of the curable composition by ultraviolet rays tends to decrease, and the visible light transmittance of the hard coat layer may decrease. On the other hand, if it is less than 1 part by mass, the UV absorption of the hard coat layer cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

(Anti-glare layer)
The antiglare layer is formed for the purpose of contributing to the film with antiglare properties due to surface scattering, and preferably with a hard coat property for improving the hardness and scratch resistance of the film.
The antiglare layer is described in paragraphs [0178] to [0189] of JP2009-98658A, and the same applies to the present invention.

(High refractive index layer and medium refractive index layer)
The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.70 to 1.74, and more preferably 1.71 to 1.73. The refractive index of the medium refractive index layer is adjusted so as to be a value between the refractive index of the low refractive index layer and the refractive index of the high refractive index layer. The refractive index of the medium refractive index layer is preferably 1.60 to 1.64, and more preferably 1.61 to 1.63.
The high-refractive-index layer and the medium-refractive-index layer are formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, in particular, a vacuum vapor deposition method or a sputtering method, which is a kind of physical vapor deposition method, to form a transparent thin film of inorganic oxide. Although it can be used, the method of all-wet coating is preferable.

Since the medium refractive index layer can be similarly adjusted using the same material except that the refractive index is different from that of the high refractive index layer, the high refractive index layer will be particularly described below.
The high refractive index layer is coated with a coating composition containing inorganic fine particles, a curable compound having a trifunctional or higher functional group (hereinafter, may be referred to as a "binder"), a solvent, and a polymerization initiator. It is preferably formed by drying the solvent and then curing it by heating, ionizing radiation irradiation, or a combination of both means. When a curable compound or initiator is used, a medium refractive index layer or a high refractive index layer having excellent scratch resistance and adhesion is formed by curing the curable compound by a polymerization reaction with heat and / or ionizing radiation after application. can.

[Inorganic fine particles]
As the inorganic fine particles, inorganic fine particles containing a metal oxide are preferable, and inorganic fine particles containing an oxide of at least one metal selected from Ti, Zr, In, Zn, Sn, Al and Sb are more preferable. preferable. Further, at least one of the medium refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer may contain conductive inorganic fine particles.
As the inorganic fine particles, zirconium oxide fine particles are preferable from the viewpoint of refractive index. From the viewpoint of conductivity, it is preferable to use inorganic fine particles containing an oxide of at least one metal of Sb, In, and Sn as a main component. Conductive inorganic fine particles include tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), phosphorus-doped tin oxide (PTO), zinc antimonate (AZO), and indium-doped zinc oxide. A metal oxide selected from the group consisting of (IZO), zinc oxide, ruthenium oxide, renium oxide, silver oxide, nickel oxide and copper oxide is more preferable.
The refractive index can be adjusted to a predetermined value by changing the amount of the inorganic fine particles. When zirconium oxide is used as a main component, the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles in the layer is preferably 1 to 120 nm, more preferably 1 to 60 nm, and further preferably 2 to 40 nm. Within this range, haze is suppressed, dispersion stability, and adhesion to the upper layer due to appropriate unevenness on the surface are improved, which is preferable.

The inorganic fine particles containing zirconium oxide as a main component preferably have a refractive index of 1.90 to 2.80, more preferably 2.00 to 2.40, and 2.00 to 2.20. Is most preferable.

The amount of the inorganic fine particles added varies depending on the layer to be added, and in the medium refractive index layer, 20 to 60% by mass is preferable, 25 to 55% by mass is more preferable, and 30 to 50% by mass is preferable with respect to the solid content of the entire medium refractive index layer. % Is more preferable. In the high refractive index layer, 40 to 90% by mass is preferable, 50 to 85% by mass is more preferable, and 60 to 80% by mass is further preferable with respect to the solid content of the entire high refractive index layer.

The particle size of the inorganic fine particles can be measured by a light scattering method or an electron micrograph. The specific surface area of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 10 to 400 m ² / g, more preferably from 20 to 200 m ² / g, and most preferably from 30 to 150 m ² / g.

Inorganic fine particles are subjected to physical surface treatment such as plasma discharge treatment and corona discharge treatment in order to stabilize the dispersion in the dispersion liquid or the coating liquid, or to enhance the affinity and bondability with the binder component. , Chemical surface treatment with a surfactant, a coupling agent, or the like may be performed. The use of coupling agents is particularly preferred. As the coupling agent, an alkoxy metal compound (eg, titanium coupling agent, silane coupling agent) is preferably used. Of these, treatment with a silane coupling agent having an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group is particularly effective. Chemical surface treatment agents for inorganic fine particles, solvents, catalysts, and stabilizers for dispersions are described in JP-A-2006-17870 [0058] to [0083].

The dispersion of the inorganic fine particles can be dispersed using a disperser. Examples of dispersers include sand grinder mills (eg bead mills with pins), high speed impeller mills, pebble mills, roller mills, attritors and colloid mills. Sand grinder mills and high speed impeller mills are particularly preferred. Moreover, the preliminary dispersion processing may be carried out. Examples of dispersers used in the pre-dispersion process include ball mills, triple roll mills, kneaders and extruders.
The inorganic fine particles are preferably as fine as possible in the dispersion medium, and have a mass average diameter of 10 to 120 nm. It is preferably 20 to 100 nm, more preferably 30 to 90 nm, and particularly preferably 30 to 80 nm. By refining the inorganic fine particles to 200 nm or less, a high refractive index layer and a medium refractive index layer can be formed without impairing transparency.

[Curable compound]
As the curable compound, a polymerizable compound is preferable, and as the polymerizable compound, an ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer or a polyfunctional oligomer is preferably used. As the functional group in these compounds, light, electron beam, and radiation-polymerizable ones are preferable, and among them, photopolymerizable functional groups are preferable. Examples of the photopolymerizable functional group include unsaturated polymerizable functional groups such as (meth) acryloyl group, vinyl group, styryl group and allyl group, and among them, (meth) acryloyl group is preferable.

In addition to the above-mentioned components (inorganic fine particles, curable compounds, polymerization initiators, photosensitizers, etc.), the high refractive index layer contains surfactants, antistatic agents, coupling agents, thickeners, and anticoloring agents. , Colorants (pigments, dyes), defoamers, leveling agents, flame retardants, UV absorbers, infrared absorbers, adhesion-imparting agents, polymerization inhibitors, antioxidants, surface modifiers, conductive metal fine particles, Etc. can also be added.

The high-refractive index layer and the medium-refractive index layer used in the present invention are a dispersion liquid in which inorganic fine particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium as described above, and a curable compound (for example, a curable compound which is a binder precursor necessary for matrix formation). The above-mentioned ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer, polyfunctional oligomer, etc.), a photopolymerization initiator, etc. are added to prepare a coating composition for forming a high refractive index layer and a medium refractive index layer, and the high refractive index is obtained on the transparent support. It is preferable to apply a coating composition for forming a layer and a medium refractive index layer and cure the curable compound by a cross-linking reaction or a polymerization reaction.

Further, it is preferable that the binders of the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer are subjected to a cross-linking reaction or a polymerization reaction with the dispersant at the same time as or after the coating of the layers. In the binder of the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer produced in this manner, for example, the above-mentioned preferable dispersant and an ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer are crosslinked or polymerized to form a binder. The anionic group of the dispersant is incorporated. Further, the binder of the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer has a function of maintaining the dispersed state of the inorganic fine particles by the anionic group, and the crosslinked or polymerized structure imparts a film forming ability to the binder and contains the inorganic fine particles. Improve the physical strength, chemical resistance, and weather resistance of the high-refractive index layer and the medium-refractive index layer.

In the formation of the high refractive index layer, the cross-linking reaction or polymerization reaction of the curable compound is preferably carried out in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 10% by volume or less. By forming the high refractive index layer in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 10% by volume or less, the physical strength, chemical resistance, and weather resistance of the high refractive index layer, and further, the high refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer are adjacent to each other. The adhesiveness with the layer can be improved. It is preferably formed by a cross-linking reaction or a polymerization reaction of a curable resin in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 6% by volume or less, more preferably an oxygen concentration of 4% by volume or less, and particularly preferably an oxygen concentration of 2% by volume. Hereinafter, it is most preferably 1% by volume or less.

As described above, the medium refractive index layer can be obtained by using and similarly using the same material as the high refractive index layer.
Specifically, the type of fine particles and the type of resin are selected and blended so that the medium refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer satisfy the film thickness and refractive index of the above formulas (I) and (II). One example is determining the ratio and determining the main composition.

(Low refractive index layer)
The low refractive index layer in the present invention preferably has a refractive index of 1.30 to 1.47. In the case of a multilayer thin film interference type antireflection film (medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer), the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.33 to 1.38, which is more desirable. Is preferably 1.35 to 1.37. Within the above range, the reflectance can be suppressed and the film strength can be maintained, which is preferable. As a method for forming the low refractive index layer, a transparent thin film of inorganic oxide can be used by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, particularly a vacuum vapor deposition method or a sputtering method which is a kind of physical vapor deposition method. It is preferable to use an all-wet coating method using a composition for a low refractive index layer.

The haze of the low refractive index layer is preferably 3% or less, more preferably 2% or less, and most preferably 1% or less.
The strength of the antireflection film formed up to the low refractive index layer is preferably H or more, more preferably 2H or more, and most preferably 3H or more in a pencil hardness test with a load of 500 g.
Further, in order to improve the antifouling performance of the antireflection film, it is preferable that the contact angle of the surface with water is 95 ° or more. More preferably, it is 102 ° or more. In particular, when the contact angle is 105 ° or more, the antifouling performance against fingerprints is remarkably improved, which is particularly preferable. Further, the contact angle of water is 102 ° or more, and the surface free energy is more preferably 25 dyne / cm or less, particularly preferably 23 dyne / cm or less, and further preferably 20 dyne / cm or less. .. Most preferably, the contact angle of water is 105 ° or more and the surface free energy is 20 dyne / cm or less.

[Formation of low refractive index layer]
The low refractive index layer is a coating in which a fluorine-containing antifouling agent having a polymerizable unsaturated group, a fluorine-containing copolymer having a polymerizable unsaturated group, inorganic fine particles, and other optional components contained as desired are dissolved or dispersed. The composition is formed by curing at the same time as coating, or after coating / drying by ionizing radiation irradiation (for example, light irradiation, electron beam irradiation, etc.), cross-linking reaction by heating, or polymerization reaction. Is preferable.
In particular, when the low refractive index layer is formed by a cross-linking reaction or a polymerization reaction of an ionizing radiation curable compound, the cross-linking reaction or the polymerization reaction is preferably carried out in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 10% by volume or less. .. By forming in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 1% by volume or less, a layer having excellent physical strength and chemical resistance can be obtained.
The oxygen concentration is preferably 0.5% by volume or less, more preferably 0.1% by volume or less, particularly preferably 0.05% by volume or less, and most preferably 0.02% by volume or less. be.

As a method for reducing the oxygen concentration to 1% by volume or less, it is preferable to replace the atmosphere (nitrogen concentration about 79% by volume, oxygen concentration about 21% by volume) with another gas, and particularly preferably replace with nitrogen (nitrogen purge). It is to be.

As the coating composition for forming all the above layers, the same solvent as the composition for the low refractive index layer can be used.

[Adhesive layer]
The adhesive used for bonding the layers may be an adhesive or a UV adhesive, or may be bonded via an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer, or the like, and is not particularly limited. The pressure-sensitive adhesive is used, for example, to bond a laminate in which a patterned optically anisotropic layer is formed on a transparent support and a laminate in which the hard coat layer or the like is formed on the support. The adhesive may be used, for example, to bond the patterned optically anisotropic layer surface to the back surface of the support such as the hard coat layer described above, or the back surface of each of the supports of the two laminates described above. May be used to bond.
The above-mentioned coating composition for forming a hard coat layer may be applied directly to the front surface of the patterned optically anisotropic layer or the back surface of the transparent support supporting the patterned optically anisotropic layer. In that case, no adhesive is required.

An appropriate pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used for forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and the type thereof is not particularly limited. As adhesives, rubber adhesives, acrylic adhesives, silicone adhesives, urethane adhesives, vinyl alkyl ether adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol adhesives, polyvinylpyrrolidone adhesives, polyacrylamide adhesives, Examples include cellulose-based adhesives.

The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be formed by controlling, for example, the types of the base monomer and the copolymerization monomer, the blending ratio thereof, the type of the cross-linking agent, the blending amount thereof, the type of the additive, the blending amount thereof, and the like. For example, adjusting the molecular weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive-based polymer, copolymerizing monomers having different glass transition temperatures and cohesiveness, and controlling the degree of cross-linking by adding a cross-linking agent are effectively applied.

Among these adhesives, those having excellent optical transparency, exhibiting appropriate wettability, cohesiveness and adhesiveness, and excellent weather resistance and heat resistance are preferably used. An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably used to exhibit such characteristics. In particular, those formed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing an acrylic polymer and a cross-linking agent can be preferably used.

The acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive uses an acrylic polymer having a monomer unit of a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester as a main skeleton as a base polymer. The (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester refers to an acrylic acid alkyl ester and / or a methacrylic acid alkyl ester, and has the same meaning as the (meth) of the present invention. Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester constituting the main skeleton of the acrylic polymer include linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. For example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic. Examples thereof include isononyl acid acid, isomiristyl (meth) acrylate, and lauryl (meth) acrylate. These can be used alone or in combination. The average number of carbon atoms of these alkyl groups is preferably 3 to 9.

Among the above-mentioned acrylic polymers, from the viewpoint of controlling the equilibrium moisture content to be low, it is preferable to use an acrylic polymer having a monomer unit of a highly hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester as a main skeleton as a base polymer. Generally, the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester is a linear or branched alkyl group carbon in terms of the above-mentioned optical transparency, appropriate wettability and cohesive force, adhesive force, weather resistance and heat resistance. Those having a number of 3 to 9, preferably 4 to 8, are preferably used in practice. Among these alkyl groups, the larger the carbon number of the alkyl group, the higher the hydrophobicity, which is preferable in lowering the equilibrium water content. Examples of such (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester include butyl (meth) acrylate and isooctyl (meth) acrylic acid. Of these, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, which has high hydrophobicity, is preferable.

One or more types of copolymerizable monomers can be introduced into the above-mentioned acrylic polymer by copolymerization for the purpose of improving adhesiveness and heat resistance. Specific examples of such a copolymerization monomer include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and 6 (meth) acrylate. Hydromer group-containing monomers such as −hydroxyhexyl, 8-hydroxyoctyl (meth) acrylate, 10-hydroxydecyl (meth) acrylate, 12-hydroxylauryl (meth) acrylate and (4-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl) -methylacrylate (Meta) acrylic acid, carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, carboxypentyl (meth) acrylate, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid and other carboxyl group-containing monomers; Maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride and other acid anhydrides Group-containing monomer; caprolactone adduct of acrylic acid; styrene sulfonic acid or allyl sulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, (meth) acrylamide propane sulfonic acid, sulfopropyl (meth) acrylate, ( Meta) Examples thereof include sulfonic acid group-containing monomers such as acryloyloxynaphthalene sulfonic acid; and phosphoric acid group-containing monomers such as 2-hydroxyethylacryloyl phosphate.

Further, (N-substituted) amides such as (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-butyl (meth) acrylamide, N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, and N-methylolpropane (meth) acrylamide. Monomer; (meth) Alkylaminoalkyl-acrylic acid monomer such as aminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylic (Meta) alkoxyalkyl-based monomers such as methoxyethyl acid and ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate; N- (meth) acryloyloxymethylene succinimide, N- (meth) acryloyl-6-oxyhexamethylene succinimide, N-( Meta) Succinimide-based monomers such as acryloyl-8-oxyoctamethylene succinimide and N-acryloylmorpholin; maleimide-based monomers such as N-cyclohexyl maleimide, N-isopropyl maleimide, N-lauryl maleimide and N-phenylmaleimide; N-methylitacon Italonimide-based monomers such as imide, N-ethylitaconimide, N-butylitaconimide, N-octylitaconimide, N-2-ethylhexylitaconimide, N-cyclohexylitaconimide, and N-laurylitaconimide are also used for modification. Can be given as an example of the monomer of.

Further, as modified monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, N-vinylpyrrolidone, methylvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyridine, vinylpiperidone, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperazin, vinylpyrazine, vinylpyrrole, vinylimidazole, vinyloxazole, vinylmorpholin, N- Vinyl-based monomers such as vinylcarboxylic acid amides, styrene, α-methylstyrene, N-vinylcaprolactam; cyanoacrylate-based monomers such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; epoxy group-containing acrylic monomers such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate; Glycol-based acrylic ester monomers such as (meth) polyethylene glycol acrylate, (meth) polypropylene glycol acrylate, (meth) methoxyethylene glycol acrylate, (meth) methoxypolypropylene glycol acrylate; (meth) tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, Acrylic acid ester-based monomers such as fluorine (meth) acrylate, silicone (meth) acrylate and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate can also be used.

The ratio of the above-mentioned copolymerized monomer in the acrylic polymer is not particularly limited, but the weight ratio of all the constituent monomers is preferably about 0 to 30%, more preferably about 0.1 to 15%.

Among these copolymerizable monomers, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, carboxyl group-containing monomers, and acid anhydride group-containing monomers are preferably used for optical film applications from the viewpoint of adhesion to liquid crystal cells and durability. These monomers serve as reaction points with the cross-linking agent. Since a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, a carboxyl group-containing monomer, an acid anhydride monomer and the like are highly reactive with an intermolecular cross-linking agent, they are preferably used for improving the cohesiveness and heat resistance of the obtained pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. For example, as the hydroxyl group-containing monomer, preferably 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, more preferably 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate, rather than using 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate. , It is preferable to use a hydroxyalkyl group having a large alkyl group. When a hydroxyl group-containing monomer is used as the copolymerization monomer, the ratio thereof is preferably 0.01 to 5%, more preferably 0.01 to 3%, based on the weight ratio of all the constituent monomers. When a carboxyl group-containing monomer is used as the copolymerization monomer, the ratio thereof is preferably 0.01 to 10%, more preferably 0.01 to 7%, based on the weight ratio of all the constituent monomers.

The average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer is not particularly limited, but the weight average molecular weight is preferably about 100,000 to 2.5 million. The above-mentioned acrylic polymer can be produced by various known methods, and for example, a radical polymerization method such as a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, or a suspension polymerization method can be appropriately selected. As the radical polymerization initiator, various known azo-based and peroxide-based radical polymerization initiators can be used. The reaction temperature is usually about 50 to 80 ° C., and the reaction time is 1 to 8 hours. Further, among the above-mentioned production methods, the solution polymerization method is preferable, and ethyl acetate, toluene and the like are generally used as the solvent for the acrylic polymer. The solution concentration is usually about 20 to 80% by weight.

Further, the above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a cross-linking agent. Examples of the polyfunctional compound that can be blended in the pressure-sensitive adhesive include an organic cross-linking agent and a polyfunctional metal chelate. Examples of the organic cross-linking agent include an epoxy-based cross-linking agent, an isocyanate-based cross-linking agent, an imine-based cross-linking agent, and a peroxide-based cross-linking agent. These cross-linking agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As the organic cross-linking agent, an isocyanate-based cross-linking agent is preferable. Further, the isocyanate-based cross-linking agent is preferably used in combination with the peroxide-based cross-linking agent. A polyfunctional metal chelate is one in which a polyvalent metal is covalently or coordinated to an organic compound. Examples of the polyvalent metal atom include Al, Cr, Zr, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, V, Zn, In, Ca, Mg, Mn, Y, Ce, Sr, Ba, Mo, La, Sn, Ti and the like. can give. Examples of the atom in the organic compound having a covalent bond or a coordination bond include an oxygen atom and the like, and examples of the organic compound include an alkyl ester, an alcohol compound, a carboxylic acid compound, an ether compound and a ketone compound.

The blending ratio of the base polymer such as an acrylic polymer and the cross-linking agent is not particularly limited, but usually, about 0.001 to 20 parts by weight of the cross-linking agent (solid content) is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base polymer (solid content). Further, about 0.01 to 15 parts by weight is preferable. As the above-mentioned cross-linking agent, an isocyanate-based cross-linking agent and a peroxide-based cross-linking agent are preferable. The peroxide-based cross-linking agent is preferably about 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, preferably about 0.02 to 2.5 parts by weight, and further 0.05 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base polymer (solid content). It is preferably about 2.0 parts by weight. The isocyanate-based cross-linking agent is preferably about 0.001 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.01 to 1.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base polymer (solid content). Further, the isocyanate-based cross-linking agent and the peroxide-based cross-linking agent can be used in the above-mentioned range, and these can be preferably used in combination.

Further, as the pressure-sensitive adhesive, if necessary, a silane coupling agent, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a plasticizer, glass fiber, glass beads, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, transparent fine particles, etc. are used, and the object of the present invention is not deviated. Various additives can be appropriately used within the range.

As the additive, a silane coupling agent is preferable, and with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base polymer (solid content), about 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of the silane coupling agent (solid content) is preferable, and further, 0. It is preferable to mix about 005 to 5 parts by weight. As the silane coupling agent, conventionally known ones can be used without particular limitation. For example, epoxy groups such as γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 2- (3,4 epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane. Containing silane coupling agent, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-triethoxysilyl-N- (1,3-dimethylbutylidene) propylamine Amino group-containing silane coupling agents such as, 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane and other (meth) acrylic group-containing silane coupling agents, 3-isocyanoxide, propyltriethoxysilane and other isocyanates. A group-containing silane coupling agent can be exemplified.

Examples of the base polymer of the rubber adhesive include natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, recycled rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, styrene-isoprene-styrene rubber, and styrene-butadiene-styrene rubber. And so on. Examples of the base polymer of the silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesive include dimethylpolysiloxane and diphenylpolysiloxane, and as these base polymers, those having a functional group such as a carboxyl group introduced can be used.

In addition to the above, adhesives and adhesives of the type that are cured by a specific functional group, such as UV curable adhesives, can also be used in the present invention.

The above-mentioned base film (support) may also serve as a transparent support for the optically anisotropic layer. The example of the polymer film that can be used as the base film is the same as the example of the transparent support of the optically anisotropic layer described above, and the preferable range is also the same.

LCD cell:
The liquid crystal cell used in the 3D image display device used in the 3D image display system of the present invention is preferably in VA mode, OCB mode, IPS mode, or TN mode, but is not limited thereto. No.
In the TN mode liquid crystal cell, the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are substantially horizontally oriented when no voltage is applied, and are further twisted to 60 to 120 °. The TN mode liquid crystal cell is most often used as a color TFT liquid crystal display device, and has been described in many documents.
In the VA mode liquid crystal cell, the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are substantially vertically oriented when no voltage is applied. In the VA mode liquid crystal cell, (1) a VA mode liquid crystal cell in a narrow sense in which rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are oriented substantially vertically when no voltage is applied and substantially horizontally when a voltage is applied (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-). In addition to (described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 176625), (2) a liquid crystal cell (SID97, Digistof technique. Papers (Proceedings) 28 (1997) 845) in which the VA mode is multi-domainized to expand the viewing angle). , (3) Liquid crystal cells in a mode (n-ASM mode) in which rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are substantially vertically oriented when no voltage is applied and twisted and multi-domain oriented when a voltage is applied. (1998)) and (4) SURVIVAL mode liquid crystal cells (announced at LCD International 98) are included. Further, it may be any of PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) type, optical alignment type (Optical Alignment), and PSA (Polymer-Sustained Alignment). Details of these modes are described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-215326 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-538819.
In the liquid crystal cell in the IPS mode, the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are oriented substantially parallel to the substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules respond in a plane by applying an electric field parallel to the substrate surface. In the IPS mode, the display is black when no electric field is applied, and the absorption axes of the pair of upper and lower polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other. Methods for reducing leakage light when displaying black in an oblique direction and improving the viewing angle by using an optical compensation sheet are described in JP-A-10-54982, JP-A-11-202323, and JP-A-9-292522. It is disclosed in JP-A-11-133408, JP-A-11-305217, JP-A-10-307291, and the like.

Polarizing plate for 3D image display system:
In the stereoscopic image display system of the present invention, an image is recognized through a polarizing plate in order to make a viewer recognize a stereoscopic image called a 3D image. One aspect of the polarizing plate is polarized eyeglasses. Circularly polarized spectacles are used in the embodiment in which the circularly polarized images for the right eye and the left eye are formed by the retardation plate described above, and linearly polarized spectacles are used in the embodiment in which the linearly polarized images are formed. The image light for the right eye emitted from either the first retardation region or the second retardation region of the optically anisotropic layer is transmitted through the right eyeglass and shielded by the left eyeglass, and is shielded by the left eyeglass. It is preferable that the image light for the left eye emitted from the other of the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region is transmitted through the left eyeglass and is shielded by the right eyeglass.
The above-mentioned polarized spectacles form polarized spectacles by including a retardation functional layer and a linear polarizer. In addition, other members having the same function as the linear polarizer may be used.

A specific configuration of the 3D image display system of the present invention including polarized eyeglasses will be described. First, the optically anisotropic layer (phase difference plate) is formed on a plurality of alternating first lines and a plurality of second lines (for example, if the lines are in the horizontal direction, the horizontal direction). The above-mentioned first phase difference region and the above-mentioned second phase difference having different polarization conversion functions on the odd-numbered line and the even-numbered line, and if the line is in the vertical direction, the odd-numbered line and the even-numbered line in the vertical direction may be used). Areas are provided. When circularly polarized light is used for display, the phase difference between the above-mentioned first phase difference region and the above-mentioned second phase difference region is preferably λ / 4, and the above-mentioned first phase difference region is used. It is more preferable that the slow axes of the second phase difference region described above are orthogonal to each other.

When circularly polarized light is used, the phase difference values of the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region described above are both set to λ / 4, and the image for the right eye is displayed on the odd line of the image display panel, and the odd line is displayed. If the slow axis of the retardation region is in the 45 degree direction, it is preferable to place λ / 4 plates on both the right and left spectacles of the polarized spectacles, and the slow phase of the λ / 4 plates of the right spectacles of the polarized spectacles. Specifically, the shaft may be fixed at about 45 degrees. Further, in the above situation, similarly, if the image for the left eye is displayed on the even lines of the video display panel and the slow axis of the even line phase difference region is the 135 degree direction, the left glasses of the polarized glasses. Specifically, the slow axis of is fixed at about 135 degrees.
Further, from the viewpoint of once emitting image light as circularly polarized light in the above-mentioned optically anisotropic layer and restoring the polarized state by polarized glasses, the angle of the slow-phase axis fixed by the right glasses in the above example is It is preferable that the temperature is exactly close to 45 degrees in the horizontal direction. Further, it is preferable that the angle of the slow axis for fixing the left eyeglass is exactly close to horizontal 135 degrees (or −45 degrees).

Further, for example, when the above-mentioned image display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the absorption axis direction of the front side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel is usually the horizontal direction, and the absorption axis of the linear polarizer of the above-mentioned polarizing glasses is the front. It is preferable that the direction is orthogonal to the absorption axis direction of the side polarizing plate, and it is more preferable that the absorption axis of the linear polarizer of the above-mentioned polarizing glasses is in the vertical direction.
Further, the absorption axis direction of the front side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel and the slow axes of the odd-numbered line retardation region and the even-numbered line retardation region of the above-mentioned optically anisotropic layer are arranged in terms of the efficiency of polarization conversion. It is preferably 45 degrees.
A preferred arrangement of such polarized glasses, an optically anisotropic layer (optical film), and a liquid crystal display device is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-170693.

Examples of polarized eyeglasses include those described in JP-A-2004-170693 and accessories of ZM-M220W manufactured by Zalman as commercially available products.

The present invention will be described in more detail below based on examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, treatment contents, treatment procedures, etc. shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as limiting by the examples shown below.

(Example 1)
[Preparation of transparent support roll 001 with rubbing alignment film]
The following composition for a rubbing alignment film was prepared, filtered through a polypropylene filter having a pore size of 0.2 μm, and used as a coating liquid for a rubbing alignment film. The coating liquid is applied to the surface of a tack film TG60UL (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation, width 1340 mm, length 1000 m) as a support so as to have a thickness of 0.5 μm, and dried at 120 ° C. for 1 minute. I rolled it up. Next, as shown in FIG. 16, a mask 40a having a 5 mm square rectangular opening 41a formed by a checker pattern and having a film roll longitudinal direction of 500 mm and a film roll width direction of 1000 mm is arranged in the center of the width direction. And exposed. As shown in FIG. 17, this exposure was repeated 40 times in total on the rubbing alignment film at intervals of 100 mm in the longitudinal direction. The exposure was carried out under room temperature air by irradiating ultraviolet rays with an LED-UV lamp so that the irradiation amount in the UV-C region was 50 mJ. Further, at the time of exposure, the mask was brought into contact with the rubbing alignment film and irradiated with ultraviolet rays. By irradiation with ultraviolet rays, the photoacid generator was decomposed to generate an acidic compound in the region serving as the alignment film for the first retardation region, which is the opening of the mask. Then, a rubbing treatment was performed at 750 rpm in a direction of about 45 ° with respect to the roll traveling direction to prepare a transparent support roll 001 with a rubbing alignment film having a length of 24 m. By this processing, the checker grid for the right eye pixel and the checker grid for the left eye pixel are alternately repeated in 5 mm squares on the transparent support roll 001, and the pattern orientation is 500 mm in the longitudinal direction and 1000 mm in the width direction. The films 42a are formed at 40 locations at 100 mm intervals.

<Composition for alignment layer>
Polymer material for alignment film below 100 parts by mass Photoacid generator (S-5) 3.0 parts by mass Photopolymerization initiator 7.5 parts by mass (Irgacure 2959, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
Water 2734 parts by mass Methanol 474 parts by mass Isopropyl alcohol 365 parts by mass

配向膜用ポリマー材料

Polymer material for alignment film

光酸発生剤（Ｓ−５）

Photoacid generator (S-5)

[Manufacture of a film roll 101 having a pattern portion made of an optically anisotropic layer]
After preparing the following composition for an optically anisotropic layer, it is filtered through a polypropylene filter having a pore size of 0.2 μm and used as a coating liquid for an optically anisotropic layer. The coating liquid was applied to the surface of the transparent support roll 001 on the alignment film side so that the thickness of the optically anisotropic layer was 1.1 μm. After coating, the film was dried at a film surface temperature of 115 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a liquid crystal phase state and uniformly oriented. Then, it was cooled to 90 ° C. and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 2 seconds using an air-cooled metal halide lamp of ^{230 mW / cm 2 under air to fix its orientation state.} Through the above steps, a film roll 101 having a pattern portion made of an optically anisotropic layer was formed. In the mask-exposed portion (first retardation region) of the formed optically anisotropic layer, the discotic liquid crystal is vertically oriented parallel to the rubbing direction in the slow-phase axial direction, and the unexposed portion (second phase difference region). In the phase difference region of), the discotic liquid crystal was vertically oriented orthogonally.

<Composition for optically anisotropic layer>
Discotic liquid crystal (E-1) 20 parts by mass Discotic liquid crystal (E-2) 80 parts by mass Polyfunctional acrylic polymerization compound 10 parts by mass Photopolymerization initiator 3.0 parts by mass (Irgacure 907, Ciba Specialty Chemicals (Irgacure 907, Ciba Specialty Chemicals) Made by Co., Ltd.)
Alignment film interface alignment agent (II-001) 0.9 parts by mass Alignment film interface alignment agent (II-002) 0.08 parts by mass Air interface alignment agent (P-001) 0.6 parts by mass Air interface alignment agent (P) -002) 0.01 parts by mass Methyl ethyl ketone 244 parts by mass

ディスコティック液晶（Ｅ−１）

Discotic liquid crystal (E-1)

ディスコティック液晶（Ｅ−２）

Discotic liquid crystal (E-2)

多官能アクリル系重合化合物

Polyfunctional acrylic polymer compound

配向膜界面配向剤（II―００１）

Alignment film interface alignment agent (II-001)

配向膜界面配向剤（II―００２）

Alignment film interface alignment agent (II-002)

空気界面配向剤（Ｐ−００１）

Air interface alignment agent (P-001)

空気界面配向剤（Ｐ−００２）

Air interface alignment agent (P-002)

(Example 2)
Instead of the mask 40a used in Example 1 in which the openings are formed in a checkered pattern, a 2 mm square opening is formed in a checkered pattern as shown in FIG. 18, and the film roll lengthwise direction is 200 mm. Using a mask 40b having a film roll width direction of 300 mm, instead of arranging the mask (pattern alignment film 42a) as shown in FIG. 17, the masks 40b are arranged in four rows at 10 mm intervals in the width direction and in the longitudinal direction. A transparent support roll 002 with a rubbing alignment film having a length of 100 m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the rubbing alignment film was repeatedly exposed to the rubbing alignment film at intervals of 50 mm (see FIG. 19). Made. Then, the coating liquid for the optically anisotropic layer was applied to the transparent support roll 002 described above by the same method as in Example 1 to prepare a film roll 102 having a pattern portion composed of the optically anisotropic layer.
As shown in FIG. 19, on the transparent support roll 002, a checker grid for the right eye pixel and a checker grid for the left eye pixel are alternately repeated in 5 mm squares, 200 mm in the longitudinal direction and 300 mm in the width direction. The pattern alignment film 42b is formed at 4 × 400 locations at intervals of 10 mm in the width direction and at intervals of 50 mm in the longitudinal direction.
Further, in the mask-exposed portion (first retardation region) of the formed optically anisotropic layer, the discotic liquid crystal is vertically oriented parallel to the rubbing direction in the slow-phase axial direction, and the unexposed portion (first retardation region). In the second phase difference region), the discotic liquid crystal was vertically oriented orthogonally.

(Example 3)
A film roll 103 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mask was separated from the rubbing alignment film by 100 μm during the exposure of the rubbing alignment film.

(Evaluation of optical film)
For the FPR film 110 of the produced film rolls 101, 102, and 103 having a pattern portion composed of the optically anisotropic layer, the first retardation region and the second retardation region were cut out, respectively, and KOBRA-21ADH (Oji measuring instrument (Oji measuring instrument) Re and Rth were measured, respectively, and it was confirmed that Re in the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region was 120 nm and Rth was -23 nm in each of 101, 102, and 103.

(Measurement of average distance between boundary area and corner)
When the width of the boundary region of the optically anisotropic layers of Examples 1 and 3 was measured by the above method, it was 10 μm in Example 1 and 40 μm in Example 3. Further, in both Examples 1 and 3, the area of the first phase difference region was larger than that of the second phase difference region. When the average distance between the corners of the adjacent second retardation regions was measured by the above method, it was 15 μm in Example 1 and 96 μm in Example 3.

(Manufacturing of film rolls 201, 202, 203 with integrated polarizing plate)
A pattern portion consisting of a polarizing plate roll (ZT-TP17, manufactured by Sanritz) with an adhesive on one side and an optically anisotropic layer prepared in Example 1 in which both sides of the PVA polarizer are protected by two tacks. The film roll 101 to be held was bonded to each other by a roll-to-roll via an adhesive of a polarizing plate roll to prepare a polarizing plate-integrated film roll 201. At this time, the surface of the optically anisotropic layer of the film roll 101 having the pattern portion was bonded so as to be directly bonded to the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the polarizing plate. Similarly, the polarizing plate integrated film roll 202 was also produced from the film roll 102 having the pattern portion produced in Example 2. The angle formed by the first retardation region and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate in the pattern portion of the polarizing plate integrated film roll thus produced is set to 45 ° counterclockwise. The angle between the second retardation region and the polarizing plate absorption axis is set to 45 ° clockwise. Similarly, for the film roll 103 of Example 3, a polarizing plate integrated film roll 203 was produced.

(Sheet cutting from film roll 201 with integrated polarizing plate)
Select 10 consecutive checker pattern portions (500 mm in the longitudinal direction x 1000 mm in the width direction) of the polarizing plate integrated film roll 201 from the longitudinal direction, and use an automatic cutting machine (manufactured by Graphtec Corporation) from the polarizing plate integrated film roll 201. It was cut into sheets.

(Manufacturing of 3D image display devices 301, 303, 310)
An LED video wall in which 5 mm SMD type LED pixels are integrated by preparing two sheets of a 500 mm × 1000 mm sheet cut from a polarizing plate integrated film roll 201 and having an adhesive of the same size bonded to the polarizing plate side. 960 mm x 960 mm, manufactured by EachinLED), the 5 mm checker pattern part and the 5 mm LED pixel overlap each other, and the two sheets are pasted together so that the seams between the long sides are not visible. The image display device 301 was manufactured. Similarly, a 3D image display device 303 was produced using a sheet cut from the polarizing plate integrated film roll 203.

(3D image display device system evaluation)
(1) Measurement of Luminance Ratio The 3D image display device 301 of the present invention was turned on, and black and white images were displayed so that black for the right eye and white for the left eye were arranged according to the checker pattern. At this time, passive 3D glasses (circularly polarized glasses, manufactured by GetD) are placed directly on the screen, and one 5 mm square pixel displayed in black is selected through the right eye of the 3D glasses, and the brightness of this pixel is selected. Was measured from an angle of 45 degrees in front and at an angle. Similarly, when the 3D glasses are switched through the left eye to see the same pixel, a white display is obtained. The white brightness of this image was measured from the front and at an angle of 45 degrees. From the above, the brightness ratio with the brightness of black as the denominator and the brightness of white as the numerator was determined to be 520 in the front and 517 at an angle of 45 degrees.

(2) Crosstalk Evaluation The 3D image display device 301 of the present invention was turned on, and an image for 3D display having a parallax between the right eye and left eye pixels of the checker pattern was displayed. On the other hand, standing 5 m away from the viewing side of the 3D image display device, wearing passive 3D glasses (circularly polarized glasses, manufactured by GetD), a 3D image consisting of an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye is displayed. Observed. As a result, in the 3D image display device 301 using the optical film of the present invention, stereoscopic viewing was possible, and mixing of the left eye image with the right eye image, so-called cross talk, was hardly visually recognized. Further, in the 3D image display device 303, crosstalk was slightly visually recognized.

10 Optical film 12 pattern Optically anisotropic layer (pattern part)
12a First retardation region 12b Second retardation region 14 Transparent support 16 Polarizing film 20 Film roll 22 Long support 24 Base film 25 Antireflection layer 26 Polarizing film protective film 27 Optical compensation film 28 Liquid crystal cell 29a, 29b Liquid crystal panels 40a, 40b Masks 41a, 41b Openings 42a, 42b Pattern alignment film a In-plane slow-phase axis b In-plane slow-phase axis

Claims (11)

A film roll that is continuously wound in the longitudinal direction.
Includes a pattern portion consisting of a first phase difference region and a second phase difference region arranged alternately in the plane and having different in-plane slow phase axial directions.
A film roll having at least two or more pattern portions in the roll longitudinal direction. The film according to claim 1, wherein the first retardation region and the second retardation region are alternately arranged in the same plane in the first direction and the second direction orthogonal to the first direction. roll. The pattern portion has a boundary region located at the boundary between the first retardation region and the second retardation region.
The average width of the boundary region is 20 μm or less, and the boundary region has an average width of 20 μm or less.
The film roll according to claim 2, wherein the average distance between the corners of the adjacent regions of the first retardation region and the second retardation region, whichever has the smaller area, is 60 μm or less. The film roll according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and second retardation regions have in-plane slow phase axes orthogonal to each other. The film roll according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pattern portion is included at the same position in the roll width direction at least twice. The film roll according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein Re (550) in the first and second retardation regions is 110 to 165 nm: However, Re (550) is in-plane of each retardation region at a wavelength of 550 nm. Lettering value (unit: nm). The film roll according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first and second retardation regions are optically anisotropic layers formed of a composition containing a discotic liquid crystal having a polymerizable group as a main component. .. The in-plane slow-phase axial direction of each of the first and second retardation regions of the optically anisotropic layer, which comprises the film roll according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and the polarizing film. A film roll integrated with a polarizing plate whose absorption axis direction of the polarizing film is 43 to 47 °. An optical film in the form of a sheet obtained by cutting a single or a plurality of pattern portions from the film roll of claim 8. A 3D image display device having a display panel driven based on an image signal and an optical film in the form of a sheet according to claim 9 on the visual side of the display panel. A 3D image display system comprising at least the 3D image display device according to claim 10 and a circularly polarizing plate arranged on the viewing side of the 3D image display device, and visually recognizing a stereoscopic image through the circularly polarizing plate.

Images