JPWO2018198436A1 - Injector and power unit having the same - Google Patents
Injector and power unit having the same Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2018198436A1 JPWO2018198436A1 JP2018515909A JP2018515909A JPWO2018198436A1 JP WO2018198436 A1 JPWO2018198436 A1 JP WO2018198436A1 JP 2018515909 A JP2018515909 A JP 2018515909A JP 2018515909 A JP2018515909 A JP 2018515909A JP WO2018198436 A1 JPWO2018198436 A1 JP WO2018198436A1
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- catalyst
- air
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
- F02B47/04—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/12—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with non-fuel substances or with anti-knock agents, e.g. with anti-knock fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
原動機の燃料に効率良く水を混合して燃焼させ、出力を向上させることが可能な噴射装置およびこれを備えた動力装置の提供。空気と燃料との混合気を燃焼室（１１）内で燃焼させて動力を取り出す原動機（１）の空気を燃焼室（１１）内へ導入するインテークマニホールド（１２）内に水と触媒との混合物を噴射する噴射装置（２）であり、インテークマニホールド（１２）内を通過する空気に対して水と触媒との混合物が噴射され、空気とともに燃焼室（１１）内へ導入されるため、燃料と水とが分離することなく、燃焼室（１１）内で燃焼させることが可能となる。Provided are an injection device capable of efficiently mixing and burning water with fuel of a prime mover to improve output and a power device provided with the same. A mixture of water and catalyst in an intake manifold (12) for introducing the air of a prime mover (1) into the combustion chamber (11) by burning a mixture of air and fuel in the combustion chamber (11) to extract power. Since the mixture of water and catalyst is injected to the air passing through the intake manifold (12) and introduced into the combustion chamber (11) together with the air, the It is possible to burn in the combustion chamber (11) without separating it from water.
Description
本発明は、原動機の燃料に水を混合して燃焼させるための噴射装置およびこれを備えた動力装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an injection device for mixing and burning water with fuel of a prime mover, and a power device provided with the same.
本発明者らは、燃料油に水と界面活性剤とを添加したエマルジョン燃料に代わる燃料として、燃料油と水と金属酸化物の粉末とを混合した水混合燃料を開発している（特許文献１参照。）。この水混合燃料では、金属酸化物の粉末が触媒となって水の活性化エネルギーが下がり、燃料油とともに燃焼するようになり、エンジンの出力向上が確認できている。 The present inventors have developed a water-mixed fuel in which fuel oil, water and powder of metal oxide are mixed, as a fuel alternative to emulsion fuel in which water and surfactant are added to fuel oil (patent document 1)). In this water-mixed fuel, metal oxide powder acts as a catalyst to lower the activation energy of water, and it burns together with the fuel oil, and it has been confirmed that the output of the engine is improved.
ところで、上記水混合燃料では、燃料油に対して水と金属酸化物の粉末とを混合して攪拌することにより得ているが、混合した燃料油と水とがすぐに分離してしまうという問題がある。水混合燃料を実用化するためには、水混合燃料をどのようにしてエンジンへ供給するかが重要となる。 By the way, although it is obtained by mixing and stirring water and the powder of a metal oxide with respect to fuel oil in the said water-mixed fuel, the problem that mixed fuel oil and water will separate immediately There is. In order to put a water-mixed fuel into practical use, it is important how to supply the water-mixed fuel to an engine.
そこで、本発明においては、原動機の燃料に効率良く水を混合して燃焼させ、出力を向上させることが可能な噴射装置およびこれを備えた動力装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, in the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to provide an injection device capable of improving the output by mixing and burning water efficiently with the fuel of the prime mover, and a power unit provided with the same.
本発明の噴射装置は、空気と燃料との混合気を燃焼室内で燃焼させて動力を取り出す原動機の空気または混合気を燃焼室内へ導入する吸気路内に水と触媒との混合物を噴射するものである。また、本発明の動力装置は、前記噴射装置を備えたものである。 The injection device according to the present invention injects a mixture of water and catalyst into an intake path for introducing into the combustion chamber air or a mixture of a motor which burns the mixture of air and fuel in the combustion chamber and takes out power. It is. A power plant according to the present invention is provided with the above-mentioned injection device.
また、本発明の別の動力装置は、燃料を燃焼室内へ直接噴射して空気と混合した混合気を燃焼室内で燃焼させて動力を取り出す原動機の空気を燃焼室内へ導入する吸気路内に水と触媒との混合物を噴射する噴射装置を備えたものである。 Further, another power unit according to the present invention is a water in an intake passage for introducing into the combustion chamber the air of a prime mover which burns an air-fuel mixture in which the fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber and mixed with the air. It has an injector for injecting a mixture of the catalyst and the catalyst.
本発明に係る噴射装置によれば、吸気路内を通過する空気または混合気に対して水と触媒との混合物が噴射され、空気または混合気とともに燃焼室内へ導入されるため、燃料と水とが分離することなく、燃焼室内で燃焼させることが可能となる。また、吸気路内に噴射する水と触媒との混合物の供給量を、吸気路内を通過する空気または混合気の量とは別に制御することが可能となるため、燃焼室内へ供給される空気または混合気の量に応じて最適な混合物の供給量とすることが可能となる。 According to the injection device of the present invention, the mixture of water and catalyst is injected to the air or mixture of air passing through the intake passage, and is introduced into the combustion chamber together with the air or mixture of fuel and water. It is possible to burn in the combustion chamber without separation. Also, the amount of mixture of water and catalyst injected into the intake passage can be controlled separately from the amount of air or mixture passing through the intake passage, so the air supplied into the combustion chamber can be controlled. Or it becomes possible to make it the optimal supply of the mixture according to the amount of mixture.
ここで、噴射装置は、水と触媒との混合物を原動機の排熱により加熱する手段を備えたものであることが望ましい。吸気路内へ噴射する水と触媒との混合物を原動機の排熱により加熱した後に吸気路内へ噴射することで、水の混入により燃料が冷却されるのを防止することが可能となる。 Here, it is desirable that the injection device includes means for heating the mixture of water and catalyst by exhaust heat of the prime mover. By heating the mixture of water and catalyst injected into the intake passage by exhaust heat of the prime mover and injecting the mixture into the intake passage, it is possible to prevent the fuel from being cooled due to the mixing of water.
（１）本発明の噴射装置によれば、原動機の燃料に効率良く水を混合して燃焼させ、出力を向上させることが可能となる。 (1) According to the injection device of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently mix and burn water with the fuel of the prime mover to improve the output.
（２）水と触媒との混合物を原動機の排熱により加熱する手段を備えたことにより、燃料が冷却されるのを防止し、出力向上を図ることが可能となる。 (2) By providing means for heating the mixture of water and catalyst by the exhaust heat of the prime mover, it is possible to prevent the fuel from being cooled and to improve the output.
１ 原動機
２ 噴射装置
１０ 燃料噴射装置
１１ 燃焼室
１２ インテークマニホールド
１３ 吸気弁
２０ 流路Reference Signs List 1 prime mover 2 injection device 10 fuel injection device 11 combustion chamber 12 intake manifold 13 intake valve 20 flow path
図１は本発明の実施の形態における動力装置の概略構成図である。
図１において、本発明の実施の形態における動力装置は、燃料噴射装置１０により燃料を燃焼室１１内へ直接噴射して空気と混合した混合気を燃焼室１１内で燃焼させて動力を取り出す原動機１と、原動機１の燃焼室１１内に空気を導入する吸気路としてのインテークマニホールド１２内に水と触媒との混合物を噴射する噴射装置２とを備えたものである。なお、本実施形態における原動機１は、軽油を燃料とする直噴式ディーゼルエンジンである。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, a power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention is a prime mover in which fuel mixture is directly injected into a combustion chamber 11 by a fuel injection device 10 and an air-fuel mixture mixed with air is burned in the combustion chamber 11 to extract power. 1 and an injection device 2 for injecting a mixture of water and a catalyst into an intake manifold 12 as an intake passage for introducing air into the combustion chamber 11 of the prime mover 1. The prime mover 1 in the present embodiment is a direct injection diesel engine that uses light oil as a fuel.
噴射装置２は、予め水と触媒とを混合した混合物を原動機１の吸気弁１３の直前のインテークマニホールド１２内に噴射するものである。噴射装置２は原動機１の既設のインテークマニホールド１２を加工することにより容易に取り付けることが可能である。また、噴射装置２に水と触媒との混合物を供給する流路２０は、例えば原動機１の周囲を通過させることで、この水と触媒の混合物を原動機１の排熱により加熱するようになっている。 The injection device 2 injects a mixture of water and catalyst in advance into the intake manifold 12 immediately before the intake valve 13 of the prime mover 1. The injection device 2 can be easily attached by processing the existing intake manifold 12 of the prime mover 1. Further, the flow path 20 for supplying the mixture of water and catalyst to the injection device 2 can heat the mixture of water and catalyst by the exhaust heat of the prime mover 1 by, for example, passing around the prime mover 1. There is.
本実施形態における動力装置では、インテークマニホールド１２内を通過する空気に対して噴射装置２により水と触媒との混合物が噴射され、空気とともに原動機１の燃焼室１１内へ導入され、混合物に含まれる触媒によって水の活性化エネルギーが下がり、燃料とともに燃焼室１１内で燃焼するようになり、水をエネルギーとして利用可能となるため、出力が向上する。 In the power plant according to this embodiment, a mixture of water and catalyst is injected by the injection device 2 to the air passing through the intake manifold 12, introduced into the combustion chamber 11 of the motor 1 with the air, and included in the mixture. The catalyst lowers the activation energy of water and burns in the combustion chamber 11 together with the fuel, and the water can be used as energy, thereby improving the output.
なお、水をエネルギーとするためには、水を水素と酸素に分解し、水素を爆発させることが必要となるが、水を分解するには、基底状態から遷移状態に励起するための活性化エネルギーを与える必要がある。この活性化エネルギーは以下のアレニウスの式によって表現される。
In addition, in order to use water as energy, it is necessary to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen and detonate hydrogen, but to decompose water, activation for exciting from ground state to transition state is necessary. I need to give energy. This activation energy is expressed by the following Arrhenius equation.
この活性化エネルギーは、触媒による反応定数や頻度因子のコントロールによって値が変わる。一方、水素の爆発エネルギーは約２５０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ（〜５０００℃）である。つまり、水が水素と酸素に分解するエネルギーをＥ1とし、爆発エネルギーをＥ2とすると、Ｅ1＜Ｅ2の不等式が成り立つ。本発明の水混合燃料では、金属酸化物の粉末が触媒となることにより、この水の活性化エネルギーＥ1を下げることができる。なお、触媒としては、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウムや酸化ナトリウム等の金属酸化物の粉末等を用いることが可能である。The activation energy changes in value by the control of the reaction constant and the frequency factor by the catalyst. On the other hand, the explosion energy of hydrogen is about 250 kJ / mol (-5000 ° C.). That is, assuming that the energy at which water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen is E 1 and the explosion energy is E 2 , the inequality E 1 <E 2 holds. The water mixed fuel of the present invention, by the powder of the metal oxide as a catalyst, it is possible to lower the activation energy E 1 of the water. As the catalyst, powders of metal oxides such as titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and sodium oxide can be used.
また、本実施形態における動力装置では、インテークマニホールド１２内に噴射する水と触媒との混合物の供給量を、インテークマニホールド１２内を通過する空気の量とは別に制御することが可能であるため、燃焼室１１内へ供給される空気の量に応じて最適な混合物の供給量とし、出力を向上することが可能である。 Further, in the power plant according to the present embodiment, it is possible to control the supply amount of the mixture of water and catalyst injected into the intake manifold 12 separately from the amount of air passing through the intake manifold 12. According to the amount of air supplied into the combustion chamber 11, the supply amount of the mixture can be optimized to improve the output.
また、本実施形態における動力装置では、水と触媒との混合物の流路２０を原動機１の排熱により加熱する構成により、水と触媒との混合物を加熱した後にインテークマニホールド１２内へ噴射し、水の混入により燃焼室１１内の燃料が冷却されるのを防止し、燃料の気化の妨げとならないようにして、出力向上を図っている。 Further, in the power plant in the present embodiment, the flow path 20 of the mixture of water and the catalyst is heated by the exhaust heat of the prime mover 1 so that the mixture of water and the catalyst is heated and then injected into the intake manifold 12 The output of the fuel is improved by preventing the fuel in the combustion chamber 11 from being cooled by the mixing of water and preventing the fuel from being vaporized.
なお、上記実施形態においては、原動機１として直噴式ディーゼルエンジンを例に説明したが、本発明は副室式ディーゼルエンジンにも適用可能である。また、ガソリンを燃料とする直噴式ガソリンエンジンや、インテークマニホールドに燃料を噴射したり、キャブレターにより燃料を吸入したりして、空気と燃料とを混合した混合気を燃焼室内で燃焼させて動力を取り出す一般的なガソリンエンジン等の原動機にも適用可能である。さらに、軽油やガソリン等の燃料油を燃料とする上記ディーゼルエンジンやガソリンエンジン以外にも、メタノール、天然ガスや水素等を燃料とするエンジン（原動機）にも適用可能である。これらの場合、空気または混合気を燃焼室内へ導入する吸気路内へ噴射装置により水と触媒との混合物を噴射する構成とすればよい。 In addition, in the said embodiment, although the direct injection-type diesel engine was demonstrated to the example as the prime mover 1, this invention is applicable also to a sub-chamber-type diesel engine. In addition, fuel is injected into a direct-injection gasoline engine that uses gasoline as a fuel, or into an intake manifold, or fuel is taken in by a carburetor, and a mixture of air and fuel is burned in the combustion chamber to motive power. It is applicable also to prime movers, such as a general gasoline engine which takes out. Furthermore, in addition to the diesel engine and gasoline engine which are fueled by fuel oil such as light oil and gasoline, the present invention can be applied to an engine (motor) which is fueled by methanol, natural gas, hydrogen and the like. In these cases, a mixture of water and catalyst may be injected by an injection device into an intake passage for introducing air or a mixture into the combustion chamber.
上記実施形態における動力装置の出力測定を行った。測定は、原動機１の動力出力軸に渦流動力計によって負荷を与え、一定の回転数に調節し、出力がどのように変化するのか計測することにより行った。 The output of the power plant in the above embodiment was measured. The measurement was performed by applying a load to the power output shaft of the prime mover 1 with a vortex flow force meter, adjusting to a fixed number of revolutions, and measuring how the output changes.
測定項目は以下の通りである。
（１）水消費量（ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ）
（２）触媒含有量（ｇ）
（３）燃料消費量（ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ）
（４）出力（ｋｇ）The measurement items are as follows.
(1) Water consumption (ml / min)
(2) Catalyst content (g)
(3) Fuel consumption (ml / min)
(4) Output (kg)
まず比較例として、触媒を入れない状態（水のみ噴射）で出力測定を行った。測定は１０回行い、図２にデータをまとめた。また、最小二乗法を用いて近似曲線を求めた。図２は水のみ噴射した場合の出力増減率と水含有率の関係を示している。縦軸は、水なしの燃料で規格化した出力増減率である。横軸は、燃料消費量と水消費量から算出した水含有率である。 First, as a comparative example, the output was measured in a state where the catalyst was not inserted (water only injection). The measurement was performed 10 times, and the data are summarized in FIG. In addition, an approximate curve was determined using the least squares method. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the output increase / decrease rate and the water content rate when only water is injected. The vertical axis is the power increase / decrease rate standardized with fuel without water. The horizontal axis is the water content calculated from the fuel consumption and the water consumption.
次に、実施例として、水と触媒とを混合した混合物を噴射して出力測定を行った。触媒は市販の酸化チタンゾル（水中にイオン化させた酸化チタン粉末を均一分散させたもの）を用いた。測定は、触媒含有率を０．１ｗｔ％、０．２ｗｔ％、０．３ｗｔ％、０．５ｗｔ％、０．８ｗｔ％として、それぞれ１０回ずつ行った。また、最小二乗法を用いて近似曲線を求めた。図３〜図７はそれぞれ触媒含有率が０．１ｗｔ％、０．２ｗｔ％、０．３ｗｔ％、０．５ｗｔ％、０．８ｗｔ％のときの出力増減率と水含有率の関係を示している。 Next, as an example, a mixture of water and a catalyst was injected to measure the output. A commercially available titanium oxide sol (uniformly dispersed titanium oxide powder ionized in water) was used as the catalyst. The measurement was performed ten times each with a catalyst content of 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 0.8 wt%. In addition, an approximate curve was determined using the least squares method. FIGS. 3 to 7 show the relationship between the output change rate and the water content when the catalyst content is 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 0.8 wt%, respectively. There is.
水のみ噴射した場合、燃料に対する水含有率が３．２ｗｔ％のとき、約１．７％の出力上昇が見られた。また、水と触媒とを混合した混合物を噴射した場合、触媒含有率０．５ｗｔ％のとき、約２．５％の出力上昇が見られた。この結果から、水のみ噴射でも出力上昇効果が得られるが、水と触媒とを混合した混合物を噴射した場合には、さらに高い出力向上効果が得られることが分かった。 When only water was injected, an increase in power of about 1.7% was observed when the water content to fuel was 3.2 wt%. In addition, when a mixture of water and catalyst was injected, an increase in power of about 2.5% was observed when the catalyst content was 0.5 wt%. From this result, it was found that the output increase effect can be obtained by the injection of only water, but a higher output improvement effect can be obtained when the mixture of water and the catalyst is injected.
また、図８に水に対する触媒含有率、燃料に対する水含有率、出力増減率の関係を変数とした３次元グラフを示した。また、図９は図８の出力増加部分のみを示した３次元グラフ、図１０は図８の出力減少部分のみを示した３次元グラフである。 Further, FIG. 8 shows a three-dimensional graph in which the relationship between the catalyst content rate to water, the water content rate to fuel, and the output change rate is a variable. 9 is a three-dimensional graph showing only the output increase portion of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional graph showing only the output decrease portion of FIG.
図９に示されるように、燃料に対する水含有率０．１〜７．０ｗｔ％、触媒含有率０．１〜０．８ｗｔ％の部分では、出力がプラスの値となった。中でも、最も高い出力を示したのが、水に対する触媒含有率が０．５ｗｔ％のときである。このとき、燃料に対する水含有率２．４ｗｔ％のとき、約２．５％の出力向上が見られた。この結果から、燃料に対する水含有率は０．１〜７．０ｗｔ％、好ましくは１．０〜６．０ｗｔ％、より好ましくは１．５〜４．０ｗｔ％、さらに好ましくは２．０〜３．０ｗｔ％、触媒含有率は０．１〜０．８ｗｔ％、好ましくは０．２〜０．７ｗｔ％、より好ましくは０．３〜０．６５ｗｔ％、さらに好ましくは０．４〜０．６ｗｔ％である。 As shown in FIG. 9, the output was a positive value at a water content of 0.1 to 7.0 wt% and a catalyst content of 0.1 to 0.8 wt% with respect to the fuel. Above all, the highest output was shown when the catalyst content to water was 0.5 wt%. At this time, when the water content to the fuel was 2.4 wt%, an increase in power by about 2.5% was observed. From these results, the water content relative to fuel is 0.1 to 7.0 wt%, preferably 1.0 to 6.0 wt%, more preferably 1.5 to 4.0 wt%, still more preferably 2.0 to 3 .0 wt%, the catalyst content is 0.1 to 0.8 wt%, preferably 0.2 to 0.7 wt%, more preferably 0.3 to 0.65 wt%, still more preferably 0.4 to 0.6 wt %.
一方、図１０に示されるように、燃料に対する水含有率が７ｗｔ％を超えると、出力がマイナスの値となった。これは過剰な水の添加による燃料の希薄効果が起こったことや、水が原動機１の温度低下を引き起こしたこと等により、出力を減少させたものと考えられる。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the water content relative to the fuel exceeded 7 wt%, the output had a negative value. It is considered that the output is reduced due to the fuel dilution effect caused by the addition of excess water, the water causing the temperature decrease of the prime mover 1, and the like.
本発明は、軽油、ガソリン、メタノール、天然ガスや水素等を燃料とする原動機に水を混合して燃焼させるための噴射装置およびこれを備えた動力装置として有用である。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful as an injection device for mixing and burning water in a prime mover fueled with light oil, gasoline, methanol, natural gas, hydrogen and the like, and a power device provided with the same.
Claims (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4382017A (en) * | 1980-09-02 | 1983-05-03 | Robinson Charles A | Means and method for providing a non-freezing catalyst solution |
| JP2002213304A (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-07-31 | Kiyoyuki Hashida | Engine using steam explosion |
| WO2012054802A2 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Ecomplete, Llc | Systems and methods for high efficiency reliable catalyst delivery to internal combustion engines |
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| JPS5778755U (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1982-05-15 | ||
| JPS60207824A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-19 | バ−ネツト・ジエイ・ロビンソン | Catalyst delivery system |
| JP2002146368A (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2002-05-22 | Tomoji Tanaka | Water-containing fuel used for automobile or burning furnace and method for burning it without pollution |
| JP2012067188A (en) * | 2010-09-24 | 2012-04-05 | Marinekkus:Kk | Water-mixed fuel and method for producing the same |
| JP2013029088A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-02-07 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel reforming device for engine |
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