JPWO2018189887A1 - Falling film heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

A falling liquid film not only can cool a high-temperature fluid in an extremely short time but also can easily and reliably clean a portion to which a fluid to be cooled adheres, while having a simple structure. A cooling device is provided. A rectifier having a cylindrical shape with a bottom opening to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices formed in a loop in a horizontal plane at the bottom of the rectifier, and a heat transfer medium flow pipe provided to hang down from the rectifier. And a heat exchange container 21 accommodating the heat transfer medium flow pipe 31. The heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice 14, and is distributed in a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow pipe 31. In the falling film heat exchange device 1 which is made to flow down and performs a cross-flow type heat exchange with the heat transfer medium flowing inside the heat transfer medium flow pipe 31, a funnel-shaped taper is provided in the orifice. [Selection diagram] FIG.

Description

The present invention relates to a heat exchange device (cooling device), and more particularly to a device that cools a high-temperature fluid by heat exchange with a coolant such as tap water while flowing down in a liquid film by its own weight.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of cooling devices have been proposed for cooling a coffee or tea beverage freshly extracted with hot water to a temperature suitable for drinking using a refrigerant. For example, there is a beverage supply machine that causes a hot beverage to flow on a cooling plate and cool it (see Patent Literature 1). Also, a beverage is formed by an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that can enter and exit the outer cylinder, a groove is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the groove is used as a hot beverage downflow path. A supply device has also been proposed (see Patent Document 2). Further, there is also a beverage cooling device in which an injection container, a water-cooled container, and an ice-cooled container are stacked in order from the top, and a heat exchange pipe connected to the injection container is sequentially passed through the water-cooled container and the ice-cooled container (see Patent Document 3).

Patent Document 4 also discloses a cylindrical multi-layer including a plurality of rows of heat exchange tubes arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction and operating in a falling liquid film evaporation system, and a spray nozzle of a refrigerant. Tubular heat exchangers have been proposed. The device is in fluid communication with the spray nozzle, the refrigerant distribution system having a refrigerant outlet in the vicinity of a plurality of heat exchange rows, a plurality of guide plates disposed at the refrigerant outlet is provided, each of the guide plates Is used to guide the refrigerant to the upper top of the row of heat exchange tubes so that all of the refrigerant wets the heat exchange tubes, thereby improving the wettability of the heat exchange tubes and the efficiency of the heat exchanger.

Patent Document 5 discloses a liquid film forming member capable of forming a uniform liquid film along an inner wall of a plurality of liquid downflow pipes arranged in a vertical direction and allowing the liquid to flow down, and a liquid film provided with the liquid film forming member. Type heat exchangers have been proposed. That is, the liquid film forming member attached to the upper end opening of the plurality of liquid downflow pipes arranged with the axis oriented in the vertical direction is formed in a cylindrical or columnar shape, and on the outer peripheral surface, the axis from the outer peripheral surface and the axis. The orthogonal support portion projects in the circumferential direction and is fitted into the inner wall of the liquid downflow pipe, so that a flow path forming concave portion that opens at both ends in the direction orthogonal to the circumferentially spaced axis and the axial direction is formed. Have been.

Further, in Patent Document 6, a heat transfer tube that causes a liquid to flow down to the outer peripheral surface to perform heat transfer is wound in a pancake shape, and the heat transfer tube wound in a pancake shape (spiral shape) is in a vertical direction. The heat transfer tubes are arranged in layers with a bar or a wire between adjacent pipes in both the inner and outer layers and in the vertical direction, and the liquid is caused to flow down to the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer tubes. A device for performing movement has been proposed. Such a falling film heat exchanger is used in a seawater desalination device, an absorption refrigerator, a chemical process device and the like.

JP-A-57-31823 Japanese Patent No. 2846658 Japanese Patent No. 3105553 JP 2000-234878 A JP 2015-169345 A JP 2001-221533 A Japanese Patent No. 5626522

However, the beverage supply device of Patent Literature 1 connects a cooling device from the back surface of the inclined plate and causes hot coffee to flow down on the inclined plate to perform cooling. In order to cool to a desired temperature, Conventionally, an excessive device was required. Further, the beverage supply device disclosed in Patent Literature 2 requires a cooling pipe attached to the outer periphery of the outer cylinder and a cold storage material sealed in the inner cylinder, which increases costs. The beverage cooling device disclosed in Patent Document 3 requires constant cleaning because the beverage components adhere to the heat exchange pipe. However, the longer the pipe is, the more time and effort it takes to clean the pipe. There is a risk of being inaccessible. Generally, chillers are used to cool liquids between 20 ° C and 30 ° C, which are not too hot.

In a falling liquid film type heat exchange device represented by Patent Literature 7, a heat exchange fluid is converted from potential energy into pressure energy, and then converted into kinetic energy when dropped. Therefore, pressure energy is high in front of the orifice inlet serving as a flow rate adjusting plate, and surface tension (viscous resistance) and pressure loss energy are generated because the flow path is restricted. However, kinetic energy is high and the restricted orifice diameter is reduced. The flow rate will be adjusted according to the magnitude of.

In addition, high-viscosity fluid is difficult to drip at the straight orifice outlet, and when the liquid level of the storage tank is low, the potential energy and pressure energy are reduced, so the kinetic energy is also reduced, and the amount of dripping and heat exchange processing is reduced. Decrease. In particular, a high-viscosity fluid having a low liquid level in the storage tank may stay without dripping, and there is a problem that the difference in heat exchange treatment amount increases depending on the liquid level and viscosity of the fluid.

For example, in Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-234878), if the diameter of the orifice is increased, the change in the cross-sectional area of the flow path is reduced, so that the loss energy is reduced and the liquid is easily dropped. If the height is higher, the dropped fluid is scattered, which causes a problem that the efficiency of supply to the outer surface of the hanging heat transfer medium flowing pipe is deteriorated. In order to eliminate such scattering of the liquid, a guide plate is provided below the storage tank.

If the diameter of the orifice provided on the flow rate adjustment plate is one, dripping at an appropriate flow rate and flow rate can only be performed under certain conditions, and it may be stagnant, making it difficult or impossible to use the same device. In some cases. Further, the orifice having a single-layer (single-layer) structure must be removed from the apparatus every time clogging occurs to remove the clogging substance.

The falling liquid film type heat exchange device has a heat exchange medium that flows down in a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow pipe, and a cross-flow type of a cross flow with the heat transfer medium flowing inside the flow pipe. Although heat exchange is performed, the high-temperature heat exchange fluid also performs heat exchange in which heat energy generated from a fluid to be dropped and a fluid liquid film flowing down the heat exchange section is released by convection heat transfer. The heat exchange part and the inside of the heat exchange container are in contact with the surrounding atmosphere, but the atmosphere has natural convection, and has little heat transfer and low heat exchange treatment capacity.

The heat transfer medium flow pipe is formed by arranging a plurality of horizontal straight pipes at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and connecting both ends of the pipes with a U-shaped bent pipe to form a loop. The resistance increases in the passage, the energy loss of the heat transfer medium is large, and the flow velocity and pressure are reduced, so that the heat exchange capacity is also reduced. Further, since a large number of pipe parts and connecting parts are used, the number of processing and assembling steps is increased and the cost is increased.

Further, when the heat exchange part is formed by a straight tube, the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube wall are smooth, and the internal heat transfer medium becomes laminar, so that a thick temperature boundary layer is formed near the tube wall, A temperature difference occurred between the vicinity of the pipe wall and the center of the pipe, which tended to reduce the heat exchange capacity. Therefore, in order to increase the heat exchange capacity, a method of increasing the flow rate by reducing the diameter of the pipe is considered. However, in this case, the thickness of the heat exchange fluid flowing on the surface of the pipe increases, and the heat exchange capacity decreases. . A method of increasing the heat transfer area is also conceivable, but if the pipe length is increased, the pipe loss increases, the equipment becomes larger, and if the pipe diameter is increased, the flow rate of the heat transfer medium must be increased. The temperature difference between the vicinity and the center of the pipe further increases, and as a result, the heat exchange capacity decreases.

In the structure in which the orifice is formed integrally with the bottom of the storage tank, when the liquid level of the heat exchange fluid is high, the pressure near the orifice increases due to the weight of the fluid and the loss due to surface tension is large, but it is converted to large kinetic energy. Therefore, the dropping speed is fast. When the liquid level was low, the pressure near the orifice was low, the surface tension was low, and the kinetic energy was low. Therefore, the difference in the dropping speed was large, and the heat exchange treatment amount was also different.

In a structure in which the upper portion of the storage tank is open to the atmosphere, a power source such as a pump is always required to continuously move the heat exchange fluid from the outside, and there is a possibility that foreign matter may enter from above. . Further, it is sufficient that the fluid is only a liquid, but in a gaseous state such as vapor or air, heat moves to the atmosphere, and most of the heat exchanged fluid is not heat-exchanged below.

Of course, if the difference between the temperature of the fluid to be heat-treated and the temperature of the heat transfer medium is large and the amount of the fluid to be heat-treated is large, the actual temperature of the heat-exchanged fluid will differ from the desired temperature, The exchange capacity needs to be further improved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the related art, and has a simple structure, but not only can cool a high-temperature fluid in an extremely short time, but also can clean a portion to which a heat exchange fluid adheres. It is another object of the present invention to provide a falling liquid film type cooling device which can perform the cooling operation easily and reliably.

Therefore, the falling film heat exchange device of the present invention is provided with a bottomed cylindrical rectifier whose upper part is open to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices formed in a horizontal plane at the bottom of the rectifier, and a downwardly extending rectifier. A heat transfer medium flow tube and a heat exchange container accommodating the heat transfer medium flow tube. The heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice and distributed in a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow tube. In a falling film type heat exchange device that performs a flow exchange with a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat transfer medium flowing pipe inside a falling film type heat exchange device, the orifice is provided with a funnel-shaped taper. Features.

Also, a rectifier, a flow rate adjusting section of the laminated structure composed of a flow regulating plate having the top of the rectifier, a funnel-shaped orifice provided in the flow rate adjusting plate, the through hole diameter of the rectifier larger cities than the orifice, the through-holes The pitch between them is equal, and the hole of the flow rate adjustment plate and the through hole of the rectifier are provided at a position where a communication hole that can communicate with the relative movement can be formed.The flow rate can be changed by changing to a flow adjustment plate with a different orifice diameter. The second feature is that the adjustment can be performed.

Further, the rectifier is provided so as to extend upward from the bottom, and has a cylindrical exhaust duct having an open top and an intake port provided on the side opposite to the exhaust port provided on the side of the heat exchange container, or on the side of the rectifier. An air vent provided on the side of the heat exchange container and an air intake provided on the opposite side of the heat exchange container. The third feature is that the heat of vaporization generated when flowing and flowing down in the heat exchange container is exchanged by forced convection heat transfer.

The heat transfer medium flow pipe includes a heat exchange section in which a plurality of round or elliptically bent loops are spirally formed at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction, a water injection section for injecting the heat transfer medium, and a transfer section. The heat exchange part comprises a drainage part for discharging the heat medium. The heat exchange part is formed in a wavy and helical shape with the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube wall extending in the axial direction. A fourth feature is that the heat transfer medium is injected from below and formed in a flow path that discharges upward while the fluid alternately performs countercurrent and parallel heat exchanges, and performs countercurrent heat exchange.

Further, a bottomed tubular heat exchange fluid storage tank having an upper part opened to the atmosphere is disposed at an upper part of the rectifier, and an inner cylinder pipe provided to extend upward from a bottom part of the storage tank; With a double structure consisting of an outer tube placed over the outside of the tube, the gap between the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube is formed as a flow path, and when the liquid level exceeds the height of the outer tube, A fifth feature is that a liquid level adjusting unit that starts sucking fluid by a siphon effect and sucks fluid until the fluid reaches a position on the lower surface of the outer cylinder is provided.

In addition, a tubular heat exchange fluid storage tank having a closed upper part is disposed at the upper part of the rectifier, and the liquid level of the rectifier is adjusted by a liquid level tube provided extending downward from the bottom of the storage tank. The liquid level adjustment unit that starts supplying when it is below the level pipe, stops supplying when it reaches the top position of the hole in the level pipe, and supplies a reduced amount by the siphon effect to maintain a constant level. The sixth feature is to have the following.

A sixth feature is that the heat exchange devices are vertically stacked in a plurality of stages, and the heat exchange fluid is heat-exchanged continuously plural times.

The falling liquid film type cooling device of the present invention has a bottomed tubular rectifier whose upper part is open to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices formed in a loop on the horizontal surface at the bottom of the rectifier, and a transmission provided to the rectifier in a hanging manner. A heat medium flow tube and a heat exchange container containing the heat transfer medium flow tube.The heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice, and is distributed in a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow tube. While flowing down, the fluid to be cooled can be distributed in the form of a liquid film following the outer surface of the refrigerant flow pipe and exchange heat while flowing down, and the following excellent effects can be obtained.

(1) By providing a funnel-shaped tapered orifice in the flow rate control unit, the difference in the abrupt cross-sectional area is reduced, and when passing the heat exchange fluid, the loss energy is reduced and the contact angle of surface tension wetting drops drastically. This makes it easy to perform the process, so that there is no stagnation without dropping, the difference in the dropping amount due to the difference in liquid level or viscosity of the fluid is reduced, and the heat exchange treatment amount is stabilized. Further, the dropped fluid can be prevented from scattering without providing a guide plate or the like.

(2) The flow rate adjustment section is provided with flow rate adjustment plates with different orifice diameters, which makes it possible to adjust the flow rate of the fluid to be heat-exchanged, and select an appropriate dropping speed and dropping flow rate according to different types of fluids such as viscosity. Heat exchange without stagnation. Further, since the flow rate adjusting unit has a double structure, maintenance of the orifice can be performed by contact by relative movement.

(3) By providing an intake hole on the side of the heat exchange container, an exhaust duct and an exhaust port for exhaust, a chimney effect is generated, and the external air is forcedly convected inside the heat exchange container without using a device such as a fan. In addition, the heat of vaporization can be moved by forced convection heat transfer and discharged to the outside of the heat exchange container, thereby increasing the cooling capacity. If a blower fan or the like is used, further cooling capacity can be expected. In addition, the use of exhaust heat also allows for more effective use of energy.

(4) The heat exchange portion of the heat transfer medium flow pipe has a plurality of round or elliptically bent loops formed in a helical shape in the vertical direction, so that there is no sharply bent pipe and the loss energy is reduced. However, the flow velocity and pressure of the heat transfer medium become constant, and the heat exchange capacity is improved. Since the heat exchange section is formed by helically bending a single tube, the number of manufacturing steps is reduced, which simplifies and reduces the cost. In addition, the vertical interval can be arbitrarily narrowed, so that the size can be reduced.

(5) By forming the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube wall of the heat exchange portion in a waveform and spiral shape extending in the axial direction, even a small amount of heat transfer medium generates a flow of rotational motion orthogonal to the flow, The turbulence effect is promoted by increasing the contact flow velocity, the temperature boundary layer of the pipe wall is disturbed, the temperature difference between the pipe wall and the center of the pipe is reduced, and the heat conductivity inside and outside the pipe is increased, resulting in heat exchange. Ability is improved. Even with the same pipe diameter, the heat transfer area can be increased as compared with a straight pipe due to the unevenness of the pipe wall, and the heat transfer can be enhanced without increasing the pipe length, and the heat exchange capacity can be improved.

(6) In the falling liquid film type heat exchange device, although the entire structure of the heat exchange medium and the heat transfer medium flow pipe is a cross flow, it is formed in a flow path for injecting the heat transfer medium from below and discharging the heat transfer medium upward. It is also countercurrent, and the pipe wall of the flow pipe is formed in a corrugated and spiral shape and becomes two types of countercurrent and cocurrent, demonstrating efficient heat exchange capacity by combined heat exchange and vibration stirring by medium rotation I do. Further, in the heat exchange between the high temperature and the low temperature, the thermal expansion of the flow pipe due to the temperature difference can be absorbed.

(7) The liquid level of the fluid in the flow rate adjusting unit is provided by separately providing the heat exchange fluid storage tank open to the atmosphere and the flow rate adjustment unit having the orifice, and by providing the heat exchange fluid storage tank with the liquid level adjustment unit. And the flow rate decrease, and the difference in potential energy, pressure, and kinetic energy decreases. By providing the supply port at the bottom of the flow rate adjusting unit, the fluid is sucked up by the siphon effect (capillary phenomenon), so that even if the remaining amount is small, it can be sucked up. Therefore, the difference between the dropping speed and the amount of the liquid film flowing down is reduced, and the heat exchange processing amount is stabilized.

(8) Separating the sealed heat exchange fluid storage tank and the flow rate adjustment unit provided with the orifice separately, and providing the heat exchange fluid storage tank with the liquid level adjustment unit, the fluid level and flow rate of the fluid in the flow rate adjustment unit And the difference in potential energy, pressure, and kinetic energy decreases. By providing the supply port at the bottom of the flow control section, the fluid is supplied by the siphon effect, so that only the reduced amount is replenished and a constant liquid level can be maintained. Therefore, the difference between the dropping speed and the amount of the liquid film flowing down is reduced, and the heat exchange processing amount is stabilized.

(9) Since the heat exchange fluid can be heat-treated a plurality of times by vertically stacking the heat exchange devices in a plurality of stages, even if the temperature difference between the fluid and the heat transfer medium is large and the throughput is large. In addition, the processed fluid is formed at the same time as the temperature of the heat transfer medium, and the heat exchange capacity is enhanced.

(A) is a perspective view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a perspective view as viewed from the bottom side, showing an embodiment of a falling-film heat exchanger according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is a front view, FIG. 2B is a right side view, and FIG. 1C is a rear view showing an embodiment of a falling-film heat exchanger according to the present invention. 2A is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 2B is an enlarged sectional view of a main part C of the flow rate adjusting plate. (A) is a plan view of an orifice, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH of (a), (c) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part D, and (d) is a perspective view. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional perspective view of the falling type | mold membrane heat exchanger shown in FIG. (A) is a perspective view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a perspective view as viewed from the bottom side, showing another embodiment of the falling-film heat exchanger according to the present invention. (A) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a rear view showing another embodiment of the falling membrane heat exchanger according to the present invention. 7A is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 7A, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part D of the liquid level adjusting unit. FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional perspective view of the falling membrane heat exchanger shown in FIG. 6. (A) is a perspective view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a perspective view as viewed from the bottom side, showing another embodiment of the falling-film heat exchanger according to the present invention. (A) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a rear view showing another embodiment of the falling membrane heat exchanger according to the present invention. 11A is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 11A, and FIG. 11B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part F of the liquid level adjusting unit. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional perspective view of the falling-type membrane heat exchanger shown in FIG. (A) is a perspective view and (b) is a perspective view as seen from the back side, showing another embodiment of the falling-film heat exchanger according to the present invention. (A) is a front view and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line GG of (a), showing another embodiment of the falling-film heat exchanger according to the present invention. It is a principal part expansion perspective view of a heat exchange part. FIG. 3A is a front view, FIG. 3B is a side view, and FIG. 3C is a perspective view, showing a part of a spiral pipe as an example of a heat transfer medium flowing pipe.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these examples.

In the basic configuration of the present invention, a liquid to be subjected to heat exchange is introduced into a cylindrical rectifying portion whose upper side is open to the atmosphere, and an appropriate amount is adjusted from an orifice 14 of a flow rate adjusting plate 13 provided on the bottom surface of the rectifying portion, and the lower portion is adjusted. To be dropped. The liquid supplied at the optimum flow rate is caused to flow down in the form of a falling film outside the tube through which the heat transfer medium passes. It is an object of the present invention to promote high-efficiency heat exchange by promoting sensible heat transport by thinning and synergistic effect with vaporization from a falling film surface.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 16, a falling film heat exchanger (hereinafter simply referred to as a cooling device) 1 according to the present invention has an upper opening and a discharge port 24 formed at the bottom. A bottomed cylindrical container (hereinafter, referred to as a heat exchange container) 21 made of metal, on which a circular flow control plate 13 having a plurality of orifices 14 formed in a ring is mounted, and a rectifier 12 is provided. A plurality of orifices annularly formed in a horizontal plane at the bottom of the rectifier 12, and a heat exchange part 32 composed of a heat transfer medium flow tube 31 wound in a coil and provided to the rectifier 12, The heat exchange container 21 accommodates the heat exchange section 32.

Then, when the heat exchange fluid to be cooled is injected from the upper opening, the injected heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice 14 of the flow rate adjusting plate 13 and flows along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow pipe 31. The heat exchange medium is distributed and flows down in the form of a liquid film, and cross-flow type heat exchange with the heat transfer medium flowing inside the heat transfer medium flow pipe 31 is performed. That is, in the present embodiment, the heat exchange fluid is cooled.

As shown in FIGS. 3B and 4, each of the plurality of orifices 14 formed in the flow rate adjusting plate 13 is provided with a funnel-shaped taper whose diameter is reduced downward. It is arrange | positioned so that it may be laminated | stacked with the dripping hole 12a. Here, the diameter of the lower end of the orifice 14 is smaller than the diameter D of the drip through-hole 12a, and a smooth downward flow can be promoted by the pulling pressure generated at the time of dropping of the supplied heat exchange fluid.

That is, the flow regulating unit 11 has a laminated structure including the rectifier 12 and the flow regulating plate 13 provided on the rectifier 12, and the funnel-shaped orifice 14 is provided on the flow regulating plate 13, and the through-hole of the rectifier 12 is provided. The diameter D of the (through holes) 12 is larger than the diameter d of the lower end of the orifice 14, and the spaces between the through holes 12 are arranged annularly at a constant pitch. The hole diameter d of the orifice 14 of the flow rate adjusting plate 13 and the through hole of the rectifier 12 are provided at positions where a communication hole can be formed by the relative movement of D. The flow rate can be appropriately adjusted by replacing the adjusting plate 13.

Further, a cylindrical exhaust duct 15 whose upper part is opened so as to extend upward from the bottom of the rectifier 12, and an intake port 23 is provided on a side opposite to the exhaust port 22 on a side surface of the heat exchange container 21. Then, a heat radiation path is formed in which the air is sucked in from the intake port 23 and rises to be discharged from the first exhaust duct 15 and the exhaust port 22, and is generated when the heat exchange fluid flows down in the heat exchange container 21. Heat is exchanged by forced convection heat transfer due to heat of vaporization.

The heat transfer medium flow pipe 31 is a heat exchange unit 32 in which a plurality of round or elliptically bent loops are spirally formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, a water injection unit 35 for injecting the heat transfer medium, The heat exchange unit 32 includes a drainage unit 33 that discharges the heat transfer medium, and the heat exchange unit 32 has an inner surface and an outer surface of the pipe wall that are formed in a wavy and spiral shape that extends in the axial direction. The heat exchange medium is formed in a flow path for injecting the heat transfer medium from below and discharging the heat transfer medium upward while alternately performing countercurrent and parallel heat exchange, thereby performing countercurrent heat exchange.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, a bottomed tubular heat exchange fluid storage tank 41 whose upper side is open to the atmosphere is disposed above the rectifier 12 and extends upward from the bottom of the storage tank 41. The outer surface of the liquid level inner tube 45 is formed by a double structure including the liquid level inner tube 45 provided as described above and the liquid level outer tube 44 that covers the outside of the liquid level inner tube 45. A gap on the inner surface of the liquid level outer tube 44 is formed as a flow path, and a heat radiation path is formed in which the air is sucked in from the intake port 23 and rises to be discharged from the second exhaust duct 42 and the exhaust port 22. When the liquid level exceeds the height of the liquid level outer tube 44, a liquid level adjusting unit 43 is provided, which starts sucking up the fluid by the siphon effect and sucks up the liquid until reaching the lower end position of the liquid level outer tube 44.

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, a tubular heat exchange fluid storage tank 41 whose upper part is covered with a lid 48 and hermetically closed is arranged above the rectifier 12. When the liquid level of the rectifier 12 is below the liquid level tube 47, the liquid level tube 47 provided downwardly from the bottom starts supplying the liquid, and a plurality of slit holes formed in the outer periphery of the lower portion of the liquid level tube 47 are provided. A liquid level adjusting unit 43 is provided which stops supplying when the filter reaches the upper surface of the filter 46a and supplies a reduced amount by a siphon effect to maintain a constant liquid level. Alternatively, a vent 16 provided on the side of the rectifier 12 and an intake 23 provided on the side opposite to the exhaust 22 provided on the side of the heat exchange vessel 21 are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the heat exchange efficiency is further increased by stacking the above-described heat exchange devices 1 in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction and continuously exchanging the heat exchange fluid a plurality of times. Can be. Further, as shown in FIG. 17, when a spiral pipe is used for the heat transfer medium flowing pipe 31 wound in a coil shape, the heat exchange efficiency is further improved by increasing the surface area and residence time with which the heat exchange fluid comes into contact. Can be.

In addition, as the material of the heat exchange device of the present embodiment, a material having good thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance is suitably adopted.

At present, boilers are indispensable heat exchangers in various industrial fields. It is used in various places, from hot spring facilities to agricultural, industrial, and home use. For example, when a cold spring is directly heated and used in a boiler, hot spring components (sludge) are caused by failure, deterioration, and adhesion of the boiler, resulting in not only excessive costs for maintenance but also a short life of the boiler. Therefore, by using the apparatus of the present invention together, high-temperature water from the boiler can be supplied as a heat transfer medium and circulated between the boiler and the heat exchanger, thereby preventing the boiler from malfunctioning and improving fuel efficiency. Waste heat from the boiler can also be used. Further, CO ₂ can be reduced by treating the exhaust heat to lower the exhaust heat temperature.

Also in the food and beverage field, by immediately cooling the product after the heat treatment, packaging and the like can be performed immediately, and the productivity is improved. Also, quick packing prevents loss of flavor. Further, by changing the material of the device, the field of use can be expanded. For example, industrial (cooling water, factory drainage, product cooling), agricultural (house boiler (enhance thermal efficiency by circulating), hydroponics, geothermal cultivation), manufacturing (beverages, alcoholic beverages, shochu, dashi, Tofu), facilities (hot springs, leisure facilities, health lands, accommodation, aquariums), medical and pharmaceutical manufacturing, gas heat exchangers, steam, waste heat, geothermal heat exchangers, boiler waste heat, wood drying Steam processing, cleaning steam processing, and the like can be enumerated.

1 Falling film heat exchanger

11 Flow rate adjustment unit

12 Rectifier

12a drop through hole

13 Flow control plate

14 orifice

15 First exhaust duct

16 Vent

21 Heat exchange container

22 exhaust port

23 Inlet

24 outlet

31 Heat transfer medium flow pipe

32 heat exchange unit

33 drainage section

34 drainage outlet

35 Water injection section

36 Water inlet

41 Heat exchange fluid storage tank

42 Second exhaust duct

43 Liquid level adjustment unit

44 liquid level outer tube

45 liquid level inner tube

46 Filter

47 liquid level tube

48 Storage tank lid

Claims (7)

A cylindrical rectifier having a bottom open to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices formed in a loop on the horizontal plane at the bottom of the rectifier, a heat transfer medium flow pipe provided to be suspended from the rectifier, and a heat transfer medium flow pipe The heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice, distributed and flows down in a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow tube, and flows inside the heat transfer medium flow tube. What is claimed is: 1. A falling film heat exchange device for performing a cross-flow type heat exchange with a heat transfer medium, wherein a funnel-shaped taper is provided in an orifice.

A rectifier, a funnel-shaped orifice is provided on the flow control plate of the flow control unit having a laminated structure composed of a flow control plate provided on the top of the rectifier, the through hole diameter of the rectifier is larger than the orifice hole diameter, and the pitch between the through holes is set. Are arranged equally, and a hole of the flow control plate and a through hole of the rectifier are provided at a position where a communication hole can be formed to communicate by relative movement, and the flow control plate is replaced with a flow control plate having a different orifice diameter. The falling liquid film type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate is adjusted by:

It is provided to extend upward from the bottom of the rectifier, and consists of a cylindrical exhaust duct with an open top and an intake port provided on the side opposite to the exhaust port provided on the side of the heat exchange container, or provided on the side of the rectifier. It consists of a vent and an exhaust port provided on the side of the heat exchange container and an intake port provided on the opposite side, forming a heat radiation path through which the air is sucked in from the lower intake port and rises to be exhausted from the exhaust duct and the exhaust port. 3. A falling liquid film type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange is performed by forcible convection heat transfer of heat of vaporization generated when flowing down in the heat exchange vessel.

The heat transfer medium flow pipe has a heat exchange section in which a plurality of round or elliptically bent loops are spirally formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, a water injection section for injecting the heat transfer medium, and a heat transfer medium. The heat exchange part is formed in a wavy and spiral shape with the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe wall extending in the axial direction, and the heat transfer medium and the heat exchange fluid are rotated by the rotation of the heat transfer medium. The heat transfer medium is injected from below while forming a flow path for discharging the heat transfer medium from above while alternately performing countercurrent and parallel flow heat exchange, thereby performing countercurrent heat exchange. 4. The falling liquid film heat exchanger according to any one of 3.

A bottomed tubular heat-exchange fluid storage tank having an upper side open to the atmosphere, disposed above the rectifier, and provided so as to extend upward from the bottom of the storage tank; and A double structure consisting of an outer tube placed on the outside of the tube, forming a gap between the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube as a flow path, and the siphon effect when the liquid level exceeds the height of the outer tube The falling liquid film type heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a liquid level adjusting unit that starts sucking the fluid at the bottom and sucks the fluid until the fluid reaches a position on the lower surface of the outer cylinder.

A tubular heat-exchange fluid storage tank having a closed upper part is arranged at the upper part of the rectifier, and the liquid level of the rectifier is lowered by a liquid level tube provided extending downward from the bottom of the storage tank. And a liquid level adjusting unit that keeps a constant liquid level by supplying a quantity reduced by the siphon effect, and starts supplying when the liquid level is below the liquid level pipe. The falling film heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:

The flowing liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchange device is stacked in a plurality of stages in a vertical direction, and the heat exchange fluid is continuously heat-exchanged a plurality of times. Membrane heat exchanger.

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