WO2018189887A1

WO2018189887A1 - Falling film type heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO2018189887A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/015313
Authority: WO
Inventors: 一男中野; 忠司光安
Original assignee: 一男中野
Priority date: 2017-04-14
Filing date: 2017-04-14
Publication date: 2018-10-18
Also published as: JP6892574B2; JPWO2018189887A1

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a falling film type heat exchanger that can not only cool a high temperature fluid within a very short time while having a simple structure but also allows parts on which cooled fluid has adhered to be cleaned easily and reliably. [Solution] Provided is a falling film type heat exchanger 1 that comprises a cylindrical rectifier 12 with a bottom wherein the upper portion thereof is open to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices 14 formed into a loop on a horizontal flat face of the rectifier 12 bottom, a heat transfer medium distribution pipe 31 hanging from the rectifier 12, and a heat exchanger 21 housing the heat transfer medium distribution pipe 31, and that causes the fluid for heat exchange dripping from the orifices 14 in a distributed manner to flow down and be distributed as a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium distribution pipe 31 and performs crossflow, bulkhead-type heat exchange with the heat transfer medium flowing in the heat transfer medium distribution pipe 31, wherein the orifices are provided with funnel-shaped tapers.

Description

Flowing film heat exchanger

The present invention relates to a heat exchange device (cooling device), and more particularly to a device that cools a high-temperature fluid by heat exchange with a refrigerant such as tap water while flowing down in a liquid film by its own weight.

Conventionally, various cooling devices have been proposed for cooling freshly extracted coffee and tea beverages with hot water to a temperature suitable for drinking using a refrigerant. For example, there is a beverage supply machine in which a hot beverage is poured on a cooling plate and cooled (see Patent Document 1). Also, a beverage formed by an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that can enter and exit the outer cylinder, a groove is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the groove serves as a flow path for hot beverage. A supply device has also been proposed (see Patent Document 2). Furthermore, there is a beverage cooling device in which an injection container, a water cooling container, and an ice cooling container are stacked in order from the top, and a heat exchange pipe connected to the injection container is passed through the water cooling container and the ice cooling container in order (see Patent Document 3).

Further, Patent Document 4 includes a plurality of heat exchange tube rows that are arranged in a non-staggered manner in the vertical direction, and a cylindrical heat exchange group that operates in a falling liquid film evaporation system and includes a refrigerant spray nozzle. Tubular heat exchangers have been proposed. The apparatus is in fluid communication with a spray nozzle and includes a plurality of guide plates disposed at the refrigerant outlet in a refrigerant distribution system provided with a refrigerant outlet in the vicinity of the plurality of heat exchange rows. Is used to guide the refrigerant to the upper top of the heat exchange tube row, and all the refrigerant is used to wet the heat exchange tube, so that the wettability of the heat exchange tube and the efficiency of the heat exchanger are improved.

Patent Document 5 discloses a liquid film forming member capable of forming a uniform liquid film along the inner walls of a plurality of liquid flow pipes arranged in the vertical direction, and a liquid film equipped with the liquid film forming member. A heat exchanger has been proposed. That is, the liquid film forming member attached to the upper end openings of the plurality of liquid flow pipes arranged with the axis line oriented in the vertical direction is formed in a cylindrical shape or a column shape, and the axis line extends from the outer circumference surface to the axis line. An orthogonal support part protrudes in the circumferential direction and is fitted into the inner wall of the liquid flow down pipe, so that a flow path forming recess is formed in the direction perpendicular to the axial line spaced in the circumferential direction and at both ends in the axial direction. Has been.

Moreover, in patent document 6, the heat transfer tube which makes a liquid flow down on an outer peripheral surface and performs heat transfer is wound by the pancake shape, and the heat transfer tube wound by this pancake shape (spiral shape; spiral shape) is perpendicular | vertical direction. The heat transfer tube is divided into layers in the inner / outer layer direction and the vertical direction of the heat transfer tube, and the adjacent tube parts are partitioned by a rod or wire, and the liquid flows down to the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer tube to generate heat. An apparatus for performing movement has been proposed. Such falling film heat exchangers are used in seawater desalination equipment, absorption refrigerators, chemical process equipment, and the like.

JP-A-57-31823 Japanese Patent No. 2846658 Japanese Patent No. 3101553 JP 2000-234878 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-169345 JP 2001-221533 A Japanese Patent No. 5626522

However, the beverage supply machine of Patent Document 1 connects a cooling device from the back surface of the inclined plate, and cools down the hot coffee by flowing down on the inclined plate. In order to cool to a desired temperature, Conventionally, an excessive apparatus is required. In addition, the beverage supply device disclosed in Patent Document 2 requires a cooling pipe to be attached to the outer periphery of the outer cylinder and a cold storage material to be enclosed in the inner cylinder, which increases costs. The beverage cooling device of Patent Document 3 requires constant cleaning because the beverage component adheres to the heat exchange pipe. However, the longer the pipe, the greater the effort and the sufficient cleaning. There is a risk that it will be out of reach. In general, chillers are used to cool liquids of 20-30 ° C. that are not too hot.

The falling film type heat exchange device represented by Patent Document 7 is converted into kinetic energy when the heat exchange fluid is dropped from potential energy to pressure energy and then dropped. Therefore, the pressure energy is high in front of the orifice entrance, which becomes the flow adjustment plate, and the flow path is restricted, so that surface tension (viscous resistance) and pressure loss energy are generated, but the kinetic energy is high and the orifice diameter is restricted. The flow rate will be adjusted depending on the size.

Also, highly viscous fluid is difficult to drip at the outlet of the straight orifice, and when the fluid level of the storage tank is lowered, the potential energy and pressure energy are reduced, so the kinetic energy is also reduced, and the dripping amount and heat exchange processing amount are reduced. Decrease. In particular, the fluid level in the storage tank is low and the fluid with high viscosity may stay without dripping, and there is a problem that the difference in the amount of heat exchange treatment increases due to the fluid level and viscosity of the fluid.

For example, in Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-234878), if the diameter of the orifice is increased, the change in the cross-sectional area of the flow path is reduced, so that the loss energy is reduced and the liquid drops easily. If the position is high, the dropped fluid scatters, causing a problem that the supply efficiency to the outer surface of the dropped heat transfer medium flow pipe deteriorates. In order to eliminate such scattering of liquid, a guide plate is provided below the storage tank.

If the diameter of the orifice provided on the flow rate adjustment plate is one, dripping at an appropriate flow speed and flow rate can only be performed under certain conditions, and it may stay, and it may be difficult or impossible to use with the same device. There was a case. Further, the orifice having a single (single layer) structure needs to be removed from the apparatus every time clogging occurs to remove the clogging substance.

The falling film type heat exchange device allows the heat exchange fluid to flow down in the form of a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow pipe, and the cross-flow partition type with the heat transfer medium flowing inside the flow pipe Although heat exchange is performed, in a high-temperature heat exchange fluid, heat exchange is also performed in which heat energy generated from a dripping fluid and a fluid liquid film flowing down the heat exchange section is released by convective heat transfer. The inside of the heat exchange unit and the heat exchange vessel is in contact with the surrounding atmosphere, but the atmosphere is natural convection, and there is little heat transfer and the heat exchange processing capacity is low.

A heat transfer medium distribution pipe is formed by arranging a plurality of horizontal straight pipes in a vertical direction at predetermined intervals and connecting both ends thereof with U-shaped bent pipes to form a loop shape. The resistance increases in the path, the loss energy of the heat transfer medium is large, and the heat exchange capacity is also reduced because the flow velocity and pressure are reduced. In addition, since a large number of pipe parts and connecting parts are used, the number of processing and assembling steps increases and the cost increases.

Moreover, when the heat exchange part is formed of a straight pipe, the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe wall are smooth, and the internal heat transfer medium becomes a laminar flow, so that a thick temperature boundary layer is formed near the pipe wall, There was a temperature difference between the pipe wall and the pipe center, which tended to reduce the heat exchange capacity. Therefore, in order to increase the heat exchange capability, a method of increasing the flow velocity by reducing the tube diameter can be considered, but this increases the film thickness of the heat exchange fluid flowing on the surface of the tube and decreases the heat exchange capability. . Although a method of increasing the heat transfer area is also conceivable, if the pipe length is lengthened, the pipe loss increases, the equipment becomes larger, and if the pipe diameter is increased, the flow rate of the heat transfer medium needs to be increased. The temperature difference between the vicinity and the center of the pipe further expands, and as a result, the heat exchange capacity decreases.

In the structure where the orifice is integrally formed at the bottom of the storage tank, if the liquid level of the heat exchange fluid is high, the pressure near the orifice increases due to the weight of the fluid and the loss due to the surface tension is large, but it is converted into large kinetic energy. Therefore, the dropping speed is also fast. When the liquid level is low, the pressure near the orifice is low and there is surface tension, resulting in small kinetic energy, so the dripping speed difference is large and the heat exchange treatment amount is also different.

In a structure in which the upper part of the storage tank is open to the atmosphere, a power source such as a pump is always required to continuously move the heat exchange fluid from the outside, and there is a risk of foreign matter entering from above. . In addition, the fluid only needs to be a liquid, but in the state of a gas such as steam or air, heat moves to the atmosphere, and most of the heat exchange fluid does not exchange heat downward.

Of course, if the difference between the heat-treated fluid temperature and the heat transfer medium temperature is large, and the amount of heat-treated fluid is large, the actual temperature of the heat-exchanged fluid will be different from the desired temperature. It is necessary to further improve the exchange capacity.

In view of the problems of the prior art as described above, the present invention is not only capable of cooling a high-temperature fluid in a very short time while having a simple structure, but also cleaning a portion to which a heat exchange fluid is attached. It is another object of the present invention to provide a falling liquid film type cooling device that can be carried out easily and reliably.

Therefore, the falling film heat exchanger of the present invention is provided with a bottomed cylindrical rectifier whose upper side is open to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices formed in a loop shape on the horizontal surface of the rectifier bottom, and the rectifier. It consists of a heat transfer medium flow tube and a heat exchange container that houses the heat transfer medium flow tube, and the heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice to be distributed in the form of a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow tube. In addition, in the falling film type heat exchange device that flows down and performs cross-flow partition type heat exchange with the heat transfer medium flowing inside the heat transfer medium flow pipe, the first is that the orifice is provided with a funnel-shaped taper. Features.

Also, a rectifier, a flow rate adjusting section of the laminated structure composed of a flow regulating plate having the top of the rectifier, a funnel-shaped orifice provided in the flow rate adjusting plate, the through hole diameter of the rectifier larger cities than the orifice, the through-holes The pitch between them is the same, and the holes of the flow rate adjusting plate and the through holes of the rectifier are provided at positions where communication holes can be formed by relative movement, and the flow rate can be changed by replacing the flow rate adjusting plate with a different orifice diameter. The second feature is that it can be adjusted.

Also, it consists of a cylindrical exhaust duct that is provided to extend upward from the bottom of the rectifier and has an open top, and an intake port that is provided on the side opposite to the exhaust port provided on the side of the heat exchange vessel, or on the side of the rectifier. It has a ventilation path and an exhaust port provided on the side of the heat exchange container and an intake port provided on the opposite side, and a heat dissipation path through which the air is sucked from the lower intake hole and rises and is discharged from the exhaust duct and exhaust port. The third feature is that the heat of vaporization generated and flown down in the heat exchange vessel is exchanged by forced convection heat transfer.

In addition, the heat transfer medium flow pipe includes a heat exchange part in which a plurality of loops bent in a round shape or an ellipse are spirally formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, a water injection part for injecting the heat transfer medium, and a heat transfer part. It consists of a drainage part that discharges the heat medium, and the heat exchange part is formed in a corrugated and spiral shape with the inner and outer surfaces of the tube wall extending in the axial direction, and exchanges heat with the heat transfer medium by the rotational movement of the heat transfer medium A fourth feature is that the fluid is formed in a flow path in which a heat transfer medium is injected from below and discharged upward while alternately performing countercurrent and cocurrent heat exchange, and countercurrent heat exchange is performed.

Further, a bottomed cylindrical heat exchange fluid storage tank whose upper side is open to the atmosphere is disposed at the upper part of the rectifier, and an inner cylinder pipe provided to extend upward from the bottom of the storage tank, When the gap between the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube is formed as a flow path with a double structure consisting of an outer tube that covers the outside of the tube, and the liquid level exceeds the height of the outer tube A fifth feature is that a fluid level adjusting unit is provided which starts to suck up the fluid by the siphon effect and sucks it up to the position of the lower surface of the outer cylinder.

In addition, a tubular heat-exchange fluid storage tank with a sealed top is arranged at the top of the rectifier, and the liquid level pipe provided extending downward from the bottom of the storage tank allows the liquid level of the rectifier to be liquid. Liquid level adjuster that starts supplying when it is below the level pipe, stops supplying when it reaches the upper surface position of the hole of the liquid level pipe, and maintains a constant liquid level by supplying the amount reduced by the siphon effect The sixth feature is that

Further, a sixth feature is that the heat exchange device is stacked in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction and the heat exchange fluid is continuously heat-exchanged a plurality of times.

The falling liquid film type cooling device of the present invention comprises a bottomed cylindrical rectifier whose upper side is open to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices formed in a loop on the horizontal surface of the bottom of the rectifier, and a transmission provided below the rectifier. A heat exchange pipe and a heat exchange container that houses the heat transfer medium circulation pipe, and the heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice to be distributed in a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium circulation pipe; While flowing down, the fluid to be cooled can be exchanged in the form of a liquid film following the outer surface of the refrigerant flow pipe, and heat exchange can be performed while flowing down, and the following excellent effects can be obtained.

(1) By providing a funnel-shaped tapered orifice in the flow rate adjustment section, the difference in the abrupt cross-sectional area is reduced, and when passing the heat exchange fluid, the loss energy is reduced and the contact angle of surface tension wetting is dripped. Therefore, it does not stay without dripping, and the difference in dripping amount due to the difference in fluid level and viscosity is reduced, so that the heat exchange amount is stabilized. Further, the dropped fluid can be prevented from scattering without providing a guide plate or the like.

(2) By providing a flow rate adjustment plate with different orifice diameters in the flow rate adjustment unit, it is possible to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid, and the appropriate drop rate and drop rate can be selected according to different types of fluid such as viscosity. And heat exchange without stagnation. Moreover, since the flow rate adjusting unit has a double structure, the orifice can be maintained by contact by relative movement.

(3) A chimney effect is created by providing an air intake hole on the side of the heat exchange vessel, an exhaust duct and an exhaust port for exhausting air, and external air is forced to convection inside the heat exchange vessel without using a fan or other equipment. The heat of vaporization can be transferred by forced convection heat transfer and discharged to the outside of the heat exchange container, thereby increasing the cooling capacity. If a blower fan or the like is used, further cooling capacity can be expected. Moreover, the energy can be further effectively used by using the exhaust heat.

(4) The heat exchanging part of the heat transfer medium flow pipe is formed with a plurality of loops bent in a round shape or an ellipse in a spiral shape in the vertical direction, so that there is no abrupt bent pipe path and the energy loss is reduced. In addition, the flow rate and pressure of the heat transfer medium become constant, and the heat exchange capacity is improved. Since the heat exchanging unit bends one pipe in a spiral shape, the number of manufacturing steps is reduced and the cost becomes simple and inexpensive. In addition, the vertical interval can be arbitrarily narrowed, and thus the size can be reduced.

(5) By forming the inner and outer surfaces of the tube wall of the heat exchange section into a corrugated and spiral shape extending in the axial direction, a flow of rotational motion perpendicular to the flow occurs even with a small amount of heat transfer medium, The tangential flow velocity is also increased, the effect of turbulent flow is promoted, the temperature boundary layer of the tube wall is disturbed, the temperature difference between the tube wall and the tube center decreases, the heat conductivity increases inside and outside the tube, and heat exchange Ability improves. Even with the same tube diameter, the heat transfer area can be increased as compared with the straight tube due to the unevenness of the tube wall, and heat transfer can be enhanced and heat exchange capability can be improved without increasing the pipe length.

(6) The falling liquid film type heat exchange device is formed in a flow path in which the entire structure of the heat exchange fluid and the heat transfer medium flow pipe is orthogonal, but the heat transfer medium is injected from below and discharged upward. It is also a counter flow, and the wall of the flow pipe is formed in a corrugated and spiral shape, and it can be divided into two types, counter flow and parallel flow. It exhibits efficient heat exchange capability through combined heat exchange and vibration agitation by rotating the medium. To do. Furthermore, in the heat exchange between the high temperature and the low temperature, the thermal expansion of the flow pipe due to the temperature difference can be absorbed.

(7) The fluid level of the flow rate adjusting unit is provided by separating the heat exchange fluid storage tank opened to the atmosphere and the flow rate adjustment unit including the orifice and providing the liquid level adjustment unit in the heat exchange fluid storage tank. And the difference in flow rate decreases, and the difference in potential energy, pressure, and kinetic energy decreases. By providing the supply port at the bottom of the flow rate adjusting unit, the fluid is sucked up by the siphon effect (capillary phenomenon), so that it can be sucked up even if the remaining amount is low. Accordingly, the difference between the dropping speed and the falling liquid film amount is also reduced, and the heat exchange processing amount is stabilized.

(8) The liquid level and flow rate of the fluid in the flow rate adjusting unit are provided by separating the sealed heat exchange fluid storage tank and the flow rate adjustment unit including the orifice and providing the liquid level adjustment unit in the heat exchange fluid storage tank. The difference in potential decreases, and the difference in potential energy, pressure, and kinetic energy decreases. By providing the supply port at the bottom of the flow rate adjusting unit, the fluid is supplied by the siphon effect, so that only a reduced amount is replenished and a constant liquid level can be maintained. Accordingly, the difference between the dropping speed and the falling liquid film amount is also reduced, and the heat exchange processing amount is stabilized.

(9) Since the heat exchange fluid can be heat-treated a plurality of times by stacking the heat exchange devices in the vertical direction, even if the temperature difference between the fluid and the heat transfer medium is large and the amount of treatment is large, The fluid after the treatment can be performed simultaneously with the heat transfer medium temperature, and the heat exchange capability is increased.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS (a) which shows one Example of the flow-down type membrane heat exchange apparatus which concerns on this invention is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, (c) is the perspective view seen from the bottom face side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS (a) which shows one Example of the flowing-down type membrane heat exchange apparatus which concerns on this invention is a front view, (b) is a right view, (c) is a rear view. (A) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 2 (a), (b) is the expanded sectional view of the principal part C of a flow control board. (A) is a plan view of the orifice, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line HH of (a), (c) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part D, and (d) is a perspective view. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional perspective view of the flowing-down type membrane heat exchange apparatus shown in FIG. (A) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a perspective view seen from the bottom side showing other examples of a flow-down type membrane heat exchange device concerning the present invention. (A) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a rear view showing another embodiment of the falling film type heat exchanger according to the present invention. 7A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 7A, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part D of the liquid level adjusting unit. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional perspective view of the flowing-down type membrane heat exchange apparatus shown in FIG. (A) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a perspective view seen from the bottom side showing other examples of a flow-down type membrane heat exchange device concerning the present invention. (A) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a rear view showing another embodiment of the falling film type heat exchanger according to the present invention. 11A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 11A, and FIG. 11B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part F of the liquid level adjusting unit. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional perspective view of the flowing-down type membrane heat exchange apparatus shown in FIG. (A) which shows the other Example of the flow-down type membrane heat exchange apparatus which concerns on this invention is a perspective view, (b) is the perspective view seen from the back side. (A) is a front view and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line GG of (a), showing another embodiment of the falling film heat exchanger according to the present invention. It is a principal part expansion perspective view of a heat exchange part. (A) which shows a part of spiral pipe which is an example of a heat transfer medium distribution pipe is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a perspective view.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the examples shown in the drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the examples.

In the basic configuration of the present invention, a liquid for heat exchange is poured into a cylindrical rectifying unit whose upper part is open to the atmosphere, and an appropriate amount is adjusted from an orifice 14 of a flow rate adjusting plate 13 provided on the bottom surface of the rectifying unit. Dripping into. The liquid supplied at the optimum flow rate is caused to flow down in the form of a falling film outside the pipe through which the heat transfer medium passes. The aim is to achieve high-efficiency heat exchange through the synergistic effect of the promotion of sensible heat transport and the vaporization from the surface of the falling film.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 16, a falling film heat exchanger (hereinafter simply referred to as a cooling device) 1 according to the present invention is open at the top and has a discharge port 24 at the bottom. A circular flow rate adjusting plate 13 in which a plurality of orifices 14 are formed in an annular shape is mounted on the upper portion of the container 21 having a bottomed cylindrical body made of metal (hereinafter referred to as a heat exchange vessel). A plurality of orifices formed in an annular shape on the horizontal surface of the bottom of the rectifier 12, and a heat exchanging section 32 comprising a heat transfer medium flow pipe 31 wound in a coil shape provided to hang down from the rectifier 12, The heat exchanger 21 is configured to house the heat exchanger 32.

When the heat exchange fluid to be cooled is introduced from the upper open portion, the introduced heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice 14 of the flow rate adjusting plate 13 along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium circulation pipe 31. Thus, the partition wall type heat exchange between the heat transfer medium distributed and flowing down in the form of a liquid film and flowing in the heat transfer medium flow pipe 31 is performed, that is, the heat exchange fluid is cooled in this embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 3B and 4, each of the plurality of orifices 14 formed in the flow rate adjusting plate 13 is provided with a funnel-shaped taper whose diameter is reduced downward. It arrange | positions so that it may laminate | stack with the dropping through-hole 12a. Here, the diameter of the lower end of the orifice 14 is smaller than the diameter D of the dripping through hole 12a, and smooth flow can be promoted by the suction pressure generated when the charged heat exchange fluid is dropped.

That is, the flow rate adjustment unit 11 has a laminated structure including a rectifier 12 and a flow rate adjustment plate 13 provided on the upper side of the rectifier 12. The flow rate adjustment plate 13 is provided with a funnel-shaped orifice 14, and the through hole of the rectifier 12 is provided. The diameter D of the (through hole) 12 is larger than the lower end diameter d of the orifice 14, and the through holes 12 are annularly arranged at an equal pitch. Further, the hole diameter d of the orifice 14 of the flow rate adjusting plate 13 and the through hole of the rectifier 12 are provided at positions where a communication hole can be formed by relative movement of D, and another flow rate having a different lower end diameter d of the orifice 14. By exchanging with the adjustment plate 13, the flow rate can be adjusted appropriately.

In addition, an exhaust port 22 is provided on the side surface of the cylindrical exhaust duct 15 and the heat exchange vessel 21 that are open at the top so as to extend upward from the bottom of the rectifier 12, and an intake port 23 is provided on the opposite side surface. Then, the air is sucked from the intake port 23 and rises to form a heat dissipation path for discharging from the first exhaust duct 15 and the exhaust port 22, and is generated when the heat exchange fluid flows down in the heat exchange container 21. Heat exchange is performed by forced convection heat transfer by heat of vaporization.

The heat transfer medium flow pipe 31 includes a heat exchanging portion 32 in which a plurality of loops bent in a round shape or an ellipse are spirally formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, a water injection portion 35 for injecting the heat transfer medium, The heat exchange section 32 is formed in a corrugated and spiral shape in which the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube wall extend in the axial direction, and the heat transfer medium and the heat transfer medium are rotated by the rotational movement of the heat transfer medium. While the heat exchange fluid alternately performs countercurrent and cocurrent heat exchange, a heat transfer medium is formed in a flow path through which the heat transfer medium is injected from below and discharged upward, thereby performing countercurrent heat exchange.

Also, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, a bottomed tubular heat exchange fluid storage tank 41 whose upper side is open to the atmosphere is disposed at the top of the rectifier 12 and extends upward from the bottom of the storage tank 41. The liquid level inner tube 45 and the liquid level outer tube 44 that covers the outside of the liquid level inner tube 45 have a double structure. A gap on the inner surface of the liquid level outer tube 44 is formed as a flow path, and a heat dissipation path is formed in which the air is sucked and rises from the intake port 23 and is discharged from the second exhaust duct 42 and the exhaust port 22. When the liquid level exceeds the height of the liquid level outer cylinder tube 44, a liquid level adjusting unit 43 that starts to suck up the fluid by the siphon effect and sucks it up to the position of the lower end of the liquid level outer cylinder pipe 44 is provided.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, a cylindrical heat exchange fluid storage tank 41 whose upper part is covered with a lid 48 and sealed is arranged on the upper part of the rectifier 12. The liquid level pipe 47 extending downward from the bottom starts to supply when the liquid level of the rectifier 12 is below the liquid level pipe 47, and a plurality of slit holes perforated on the lower outer periphery of the liquid level pipe 47 The liquid level adjusting unit 43 is provided so that the supply is stopped when the upper surface position of the filter 46 consisting of 46a is reached, and an amount reduced by the siphon effect is supplied to maintain a constant liquid level. Alternatively, an air vent 16 provided on the side of the rectifier 12 and an air outlet 23 provided on the side opposite to the air outlet 22 provided on the side of the heat exchange vessel 21 are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 14 to 15, the heat exchange device 1 described above is stacked in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction, and the heat exchange fluid is continuously heat exchanged a plurality of times, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency. Can do. In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, when a spiral pipe is used for the heat transfer medium flow pipe 31 wound in a coil shape, the surface area and the residence time with which the heat exchange fluid comes into contact are increased, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency. Can do.

In addition, the material of the heat exchange apparatus of a present Example suitably employ | adopts what has favorable heat conductivity and has corrosion resistance.

At present, boilers are indispensable heat exchangers in various industrial fields. It is used in various places, from hot spring facilities to agriculture, industry, and home use. For example, by directly heating and using a cold spring with a boiler, hot spring components (sludge) not only cause excessive costs for maintenance due to failure, deterioration, and adhesion of the boiler, but also shorten the life of the boiler. Therefore, by using the apparatus of the present invention in combination, high-temperature water from the boiler can be supplied as a heat transfer medium, and can be circulated between the boiler and the heat exchanger, preventing boiler failure and improving fuel efficiency. Waste heat from the boiler can also be used. Furthermore, CO ₂ can be reduced by treating the exhaust heat to lower the exhaust heat temperature.

Also in the food / beverage field, the product after the heat treatment can be immediately cooled, so that the container can be immediately packed and the productivity is improved. In addition, rapid container packing prevents the flavor from being damaged. In addition, the field of use can be expanded by changing the material of the apparatus. For example, industrial (cooling water, factory wastewater, product cooling), agriculture (house boiler (heat efficiency is increased by circulation), hydroponics, geothermal cultivation), manufacturing (beverages, liquor, shochu, dashi, Tofu), facilities (hot springs, leisure facilities, health land, accommodation facilities, aquariums), medical / pharmaceutical manufacturing, heat exchangers for gases, steam, exhaust heat, heat exchangers using geothermal heat, boiler exhaust heat, wood drying Steam treatment at the time, cleaning steam treatment, etc. can be enumerated.

1 Flowing film heat exchanger

11 Flow adjustment part

12 Rectifier

12a dripping through hole

13 Flow adjustment plate

14 Orifice

15 First exhaust duct

16 Vent

21 Heat exchange container

22 Exhaust port

23 Inlet

24 outlet

31 Heat transfer medium distribution pipe

32 Heat exchanger

33 Drainage section

34 Drain outlet

35 Water injection part

36 Water inlet

41 Heat exchange fluid storage tank

42 Second exhaust duct

43 Liquid level adjuster

44 Liquid level outer tube

45 Liquid level inner tube

46 Filter

47 Liquid level pipe

48 Reservoir lid

Claims

A bottomed cylindrical rectifier whose upper side is open to the atmosphere, a plurality of orifices formed in a loop on the horizontal surface of the bottom of the rectifier, a heat transfer medium flow pipe provided to hang down from the rectifier, and a heat transfer medium flow pipe The heat exchange fluid is distributed and dropped from the orifice to be distributed and flowed down in the form of a liquid film along the outer surface of the heat transfer medium flow pipe, and flows inside the heat transfer medium flow pipe. A falling film type heat exchange apparatus that performs cross-flow partition type heat exchange with a heat transfer medium, wherein a funnel-shaped taper is provided in an orifice.
A funnel-shaped orifice is provided in the flow rate adjustment plate of the flow rate adjustment unit of the laminated structure including the rectifier and the flow rate adjustment plate provided on the upper portion of the rectifier, and the through hole diameter of the rectifier is larger than the orifice hole diameter, and the pitch between the through holes Are arranged at the same position, and the flow rate adjusting plate and the through hole of the rectifier are provided at positions where communication holes can be formed by relative movement, and the flow rate adjusting plate is replaced with a flow rate adjusting plate having a different orifice diameter. The falling liquid film heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate is adjusted by the flow rate control method.
It is provided to extend upward from the bottom of the rectifier and consists of a cylindrical exhaust duct with an open top and an intake port provided on the side opposite to the exhaust port provided on the side of the heat exchange vessel, or provided on the side of the rectifier It consists of an air vent and an exhaust port provided on the side of the heat exchange container, and an air intake provided on the opposite side, and forms a heat dissipation path through which the air is sucked from the lower intake hole and rises and is exhausted from the exhaust duct and exhaust port. The falling film type heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat of vaporization generated when flowing down in the heat exchange vessel is transferred by forced convection heat transfer.
The heat transfer medium flow pipe includes a heat exchange part in which a plurality of loops bent in a round shape or an ellipse are spirally formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, a water injection part for injecting the heat transfer medium, and a heat transfer medium The heat exchange part is formed in a corrugated and spiral shape in which the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube wall extend in the axial direction, and the heat transfer medium and the heat exchange fluid are exchanged by the rotational movement of the heat transfer medium. The countercurrent heat exchange is performed by alternately forming countercurrent and parallel flow heat exchange, and forming a heat transfer medium in a flow path that injects the heat transfer medium from below and discharges it upward. 4. A falling-down liquid film heat exchange apparatus according to any one of 3 above.
A bottomed cylindrical heat exchange fluid storage tank whose upper side is open to the atmosphere is disposed at the top of the rectifier, and is provided so as to extend upward from the bottom of the storage tank, and the inner cylinder pipe A double structure consisting of an outer tube that covers the outside of the tube, forming a gap between the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube as a flow path, and siphon effect when the liquid level exceeds the height of the outer tube The falling liquid film type heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a liquid level adjusting unit which starts sucking up the fluid and reaches the position of the lower surface of the outer cylinder.
A tubular heat exchange fluid storage tank with a sealed top is arranged at the top of the rectifier, and the liquid level pipe provided extending downward from the bottom of the storage tank allows the liquid level of the rectifier to be a liquid level pipe. The liquid level adjustment unit is designed to maintain a constant liquid level by supplying the amount reduced by the siphon effect and starting the supply when reaching the upper surface position of the hole of the liquid level pipe. The falling film heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein
The falling liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchange devices are stacked in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction to heat-exchange the heat exchange fluid continuously a plurality of times. Membrane heat exchanger.