JPWO2018083733A1 - Solar cell module sealing material and method for manufacturing solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

  The light-receiving surface sealing material (2) of the solar cell module includes a light-receiving surface (2A) that is a first surface that contacts the light-transmitting substrate 1 and a back surface that is a second surface that faces the first surface ( 2B), the glossiness is 21 or more and 89 or less as measured by the glossiness measuring method based on JIS Z8741 on the light receiving surface. The glossiness is measured by a method based on JIS Z8741. The sealing material used for the solar cell module is appropriately selected based on the glossiness as a criterion, and a solar cell module excellent in productivity and a method for manufacturing the solar cell module are obtained.

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell module sealing material and a method for manufacturing a solar cell module.

  Conventionally, one of the mounting structures of a solar cell module is one using an EVA (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) copolymer as a sealing material. The EVA copolymer is hereinafter referred to as EVA.

  For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, when a solar cell module is manufactured, a laminated body is formed by laminating a glass substrate, a light-receiving surface sealing material, a solar battery cell constituting a photovoltaic element, a back surface sealing material, and a back sheet in this order. And transported to a laminating apparatus for sealing. EVA is used for the light-receiving surface sealing material and the back surface sealing material. By heating and pressurizing the laminate using laminate, the EVA is melted and cured to complete the sealing of the solar cell module. The light-receiving surface sealing material and the back surface sealing material are members necessary for ensuring insulation performance in addition to sealing performance.

JP-A-11-204811

  According to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, a laminating apparatus in which a conveyor is provided on each of a laminator body, a front portion of the laminator body, and a rear portion of the laminator body is used. In the transporting process of transporting between the above parts by a transport conveyor, the light receiving surface sealing body and the back surface sealing body are likely to be displaced, and the workability is not good.

  A normal commercially available EVA resin does not take into account a shift during conveyance such as in-process conveyance, and only attention is paid to improving the escape of bubbles. For this reason, the unevenness is also increased on the EVA resin surface that is in contact with the member to be transferred at the time of conveyance, and the contact area is reduced, so that the friction is reduced. Therefore, the glossiness of the EVA resin surface tends to be low.

  The laminate that is the workpiece is transported to the laminator main body while being placed on the transport sheet. When the workpiece is loaded and the upper chamber is closed, the laminator main body heats the workpiece while reducing the pressure inside. However, when the workpiece conveyed to the laminator main body has a high conveyance speed, the workpiece on which the members are stacked is displaced from the original position when the workpiece is stopped, and a good product cannot be obtained effectively.

  That is, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since the friction between the glass substrate and the sealing material is small in the manufacturing process of the solar cell module, the light-receiving surface sealing material or the back surface sealing material slips in the middle of the conveyance of the laminate as the workpiece. Therefore, a defect may occur between the glass substrate and the back sheet and the solar battery cell. In particular, a shift between the light-transmitting substrate and the light-receiving surface sealing body leads to a positional shift of the solar battery cell, which causes a decrease in manufacturing yield.

  Originally, it is desirable to measure the frictional force between the translucent substrate and the light-receiving surface sealing body so as to have a desired frictional force. However, due to the measurement, surface degradation may occur and the frictional force may change, and it is difficult to accurately measure the frictional force, and it is difficult to improve productivity.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a solar cell module excellent in productivity by suppressing the displacement of the sealing material.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, a method for manufacturing a solar cell module of the present invention includes a translucent substrate, a first sealing material, solar cells connected by tab wires, And a step of sequentially laminating the sealing material of No. 2 and the back sheet to form a laminated body, and a step of heating and pressurizing the laminated body with a sealing portion to seal the solar battery cell. The first sealing material is selected based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the glossiness of at least one surface by the glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741.

  According to the present invention, by defining the glossiness of the sealing material with respect to the surface in contact with the light-transmitting substrate, the friction is adjusted, the positional deviation is suppressed, and a solar cell module excellent in productivity is obtained. be able to.

Sectional drawing which shows the solar cell module of Embodiment 1 typically The perspective view of the solar cell module of Embodiment 1 The figure which shows the lamination | stacking process of the solar cell module of Embodiment 1. FIG. The flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the solar cell module of Embodiment 1. The table | surface which shows the result of having measured the relationship between the sealing material movement distance at the time of conveying the solar cell module of Example 1 to a lamination apparatus, and glossiness The figure which shows the result of having measured the relationship between the sealing material moving distance at the time of conveying the solar cell module of Example 1 to a lamination apparatus, and glossiness. The table | surface which shows the measurement result which measured the relationship between the EVA sticking intensity | strength and the sticking width at the time of changing the glossiness of the surface which touches the photovoltaic cell in the solar cell module of Example 2 from 3.2 to 99.2. The figure which shows the measurement result which measured the relationship of the EVA sticking intensity | strength and the sticking width at the time of changing the glossiness of the surface which touches the photovoltaic cell in the solar cell module of Example 2 from 3.2 to 99.2. The figure which shows the result of having considered glossiness from a viewpoint of the manufacture workability | operativity and transportability in the solar cell module of Example 2. The table | surface which shows the result of having measured the relationship between the glossiness of the surface which touches the photovoltaic cell of the light-receiving surface sealing material in the solar cell module of Example 3, and frictional force. The figure which shows the result of having measured the relationship between the glossiness of the surface which touches the photovoltaic cell of the light-receiving surface sealing material in the solar cell module of Example 3, and frictional force. The table | surface which shows the result of having measured the relationship between the sealing material moving distance at the time of conveying the solar cell module of Embodiment 2 to a laminating apparatus, and glossiness The figure which shows the result of having measured the relationship between the sealing material moving distance at the time of conveying the solar cell module of Embodiment 2 to a laminating apparatus, and glossiness. The figure which shows the result which considered the glossiness from a viewpoint of the manufacture workability | operativity and transportability in the solar cell module of Embodiment 2. Measurement conceptual diagram of glossiness Gs (θ)

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, embodiment of the sealing material of the solar cell module concerning this invention and the manufacturing method of a solar cell module is described in detail based on drawing. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following description, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change suitably. In the drawings shown below, the scale of each member may be different from the actual scale for easy understanding. Similarly, the scale of each member may be different between the drawings. Further, even a plan view may be hatched to make the drawing easy to see. Further, even a cross-sectional view may not be hatched for easy viewing of the drawing.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a solar cell module 50 obtained by the method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to Embodiment 1, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the solar cell module, and FIG. 3 is the solar cell. The figure which shows the lamination process of a module, FIG. 4 is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the solar cell module. In the manufacturing method of the solar cell module according to Embodiment 1, the light receiving surface sealing material 2 as the first sealing material and the tab wire 4 are connected to the same surface on the glass substrate as the translucent substrate 1. A plurality of the solar cells 3 arranged, a back surface sealing material 5 as a second sealing material, and a back sheet 6 are sequentially stacked to form the stacked body 10, and the stacked body 10 is heated. And sealing the solar battery cell 3. Prior to the step of forming the laminate 10, the glossiness of at least one surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is measured to obtain a desired glossiness. That is, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is selected using the glossiness as a criterion. The glossiness is measured by a method based on JIS Z8741.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of solar cells 3 are connected by a tab wire 4 to form a string S. The laminated body 10 heated and pressurized is fixed around the frame 7 and constitutes a solar cell module 50. In the manufacturing method of the solar cell module according to Embodiment 1, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is disposed on the lower layer side and laminated. The glossiness of the first surface of the first sealing material in contact with the translucent substrate 1, that is, the first surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, that is, the surface on the light-receiving surface 2A side, is 3.2 or more and 89.1 or less. . However, in order to prevent the occurrence of misalignment during conveyance, it is necessary to set the value between 20.5 and 89.1. Further, the glossiness of the second surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, that is, the surface on the back surface 2B side, disposed on the light-receiving surface 3a side of the solar battery cell 3 is 89.1 or less.

  Further, the second sealing material, that is, the back surface sealing material 5 disposed on the back surface 3b side of the solar battery cell 3 is also composed of EVA resin, and is composed of a back sheet 6 laminated and integrated with polymer resin films. The The glossiness of the fourth surface in contact with the backsheet 6 side of the back surface sealing material 5, that is, the surface on the back surface 5B side is 3.2 or more and 89.1 or less. The third surface in contact with the back surface 3b side of the solar cell 3 of the back surface sealing material 5, that is, the surface on the light receiving surface 5A side, has a glossiness of 89.1 or less.

  The glossiness is obtained based on JIS Z8741 by entering a light beam having a specified opening angle at a specified incident angle on the sample surface and measuring the light beam having a specified opening angle reflected in the specular reflection direction with a light receiver. . The aperture of the light source is assumed to be at the focal position of the lens, and when the mirror surface is placed at the position of the sample, the image of the aperture of the light source forms a clear image at the center of the aperture of the light receiver. The incident angle is an angle formed by a line connecting the center of the aperture of the light source and the center of the lens, that is, the principal point of the lens, and the normal of the sample surface. The opening angles α1 and α2 are angles at which the openings of the light source and the light receiver are stretched at the lens position, and the opening angles are angles at which the image of the opening is stretched at the lens position. The optical axes on the incident side and the light receiving side intersect at the sample surface. However, the opening may be replaced by a light source filament at that position. Usually, the glossiness is measured at an incident angle of 20 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 °, and 85 °.

A measurement conceptual diagram of the glossiness Gs (θ) is shown in FIG. Light is incident from the light source 202 at an incident angle θ with respect to the normal line 201 of the sample surface 200, and a specular reflection light beam φs reflected at a reflection angle θ is measured by the light receiver 203. However, the specular reflection light flux φos at the same incident angle θ on the glass surface having a refractive index of 1.567 is used as a reference, and the ratio is expressed in%.
Gs (θ) = (φs / φos) × 100

  For measurement of glossiness, incident angles of 60 °, 45 ° and 20 ° are generally used. In the measurement according to JIS Z8741, when the glossiness is 10 or less at the measurement of the incident angle of 60 °, the measurement is performed at the incident angle of 85 °. When the glossiness is more than 70 at the measurement of the incident angle of 60 °, the measurement is performed at the incident angle of 20 °. taking measurement. In this embodiment, tests and evaluations were performed in accordance with JIS Z8741.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the manufacturing method of a solar cell module is demonstrated. First, the solar battery cell 3 is formed in step S101. Next, by fixing the tab wire 4 to the solar battery cell 3 in step S102, the plurality of solar battery cells 3 are connected by the tab wire 4, and the strings S are formed. Next, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 are adjusted and the glossiness inspection step S200 is performed to prepare the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 having the above glossiness. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is laminated on the light-transmitting substrate 1 made of a light-transmitting glass substrate on the transport device 100 as shown in the stage s <b> 1. And the translucent board | substrate 1 with which the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 was laminated | stacked is conveyed to the position where the photovoltaic cell 3 is laminated | stacked. As shown in the stage s2 after the conveyance, the solar cells 3 are laminated on the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 laminated on the translucent substrate 1. Thereafter, the translucent substrate 1 on which the solar cells 3 are stacked is transported to the next process, and as shown in the stage s3, the back surface sealing material 5 and the back sheet 6 are stacked, and the stacked body 10 is formed in step S103. . And the laminated body 10 is conveyed to the laminating apparatus.

  And the decompression process is implemented by step S104, and the inside of the laminating apparatus which is carried in the laminated body 10 obtained by the said lamination | stacking is decompressed. Thereafter, a batch heat treatment process is performed in step S105, and the laminate 10 is pressurized in the melt pressurization process. Then, after cooling and curing, the solar cell module 50 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed in step S106. In the manufacturing method of the solar cell module 50 of the first embodiment, at this time, in order to form the laminated body 10 without causing the light receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 and the contact member to shift. The glossiness of the light receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 is optimized. The contact members are the translucent substrate 1, the solar battery cell 3, the tab wire 4, and the back sheet 6.

  In the solar cell module 50 obtained as described above, the photovoltaic element is configured by arranging a plurality of solar cells 3 in an array and electrically connecting them with tab wires 4.

  EVA was used for the light-receiving surface sealing material 2. In the first embodiment, EVA is used for the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, but in addition to this, a thermosetting resin having translucency such as polyethylene polypropylene, polycarbonate polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, or a laminate thereof. It is possible to use the body. Furthermore, it is effective to crosslink the sealing resin used for the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 in order to improve weather resistance, strength, and adhesiveness. The adhesiveness of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is required to be adhesive with the photovoltaic element including the solar battery cell 3 in addition to the adhesiveness with the translucent substrate 1. As a crosslinking method, a method of generating radicals by heat is effective. Furthermore, it is preferable to add an ultraviolet absorber in order to improve light resistance. However, in order to improve the output of the module, it is preferable to reduce the amount of the ultraviolet absorber.

  Sunlight enters the light receiving surface of the translucent substrate 1. Here, a translucent glass substrate is used as the translucent substrate 1, but a resin plate or the like may be used as long as it is a translucent material. The translucent substrate 1 is fixed to the outer surface of the light receiving surface sealing material 2 located on the light receiving surface A side of the solar cell module 50.

  The back sheet 6 is fixed to the outer surface of the back surface sealing material 5 located on the back surface B side of the solar cell module 50 and has a function of protecting the solar cells 3 from moisture. It is desirable that the back sheet 6 is a resin having high adhesiveness on the surface in contact with the back surface sealing material 5. The outermost layer on the atmosphere side of the backsheet 6 is preferably a resin having high weather resistance such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinylidene phthalate (PVF).

  The back surface sealing material 5 is preferably white. The reason why the resin constituting the back surface sealing material 5 is preferably white is that the light that has entered the translucent substrate 1 and the light receiving surface sealing material 2 is reflected by the white olefin-based resin and has an optical path length. This is because it is incident on the solar cell without loss and contributes to power generation.

  The glossiness of the surface of the light receiving surface sealing material 2 on the light receiving surface 2A side, which is the first surface in contact with the translucent substrate 1, is preferably 3.2 or more and 89.1 or less. The reason is that when the glossiness is smaller than 3.2, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 slips in the solar cell module conveying step shown by the stage s2 in FIG. This is because the arrangement of the solar battery module 50 is shifted and the productivity of the solar cell module 50 is lowered. Further, when the glossiness is larger than 89.1, when the glossy surfaces of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 come into contact with each other in the process of laminating the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 on the solar cell module 50, the solar cells are attached to each other. This is because the productivity of the module 50 is reduced. However, if the glossiness is small, misalignment may occur during conveyance. Therefore, in order to prevent misalignment during conveyance, the glossiness needs to be 20.5 or more and 89.1 or less.

  If the glossiness of the first surface on the light-transmitting substrate 1 side of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, that is, the light-receiving surface 2A is too small, slippage occurs between the light-transmitting substrate 1 and the glass, which is inappropriate. It is. On the other hand, if the size is too large, the first surfaces stick together, which is inappropriate. By selecting an appropriate value for the glossiness of the light receiving surface 2A of the light receiving surface sealing material 2, there is an effect of suppressing both slipping and sticking.

  The second surface on the solar cell 3 side of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, that is, the back surface 2B, is preferably uneven by providing an embossed shape or the like in order to improve gas escape during lamination. The embossed shape can also be managed by glossiness. The glossiness of the surface on the back surface 2B side of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is desirably 10 or less. By setting the glossiness of the back surface 2B of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 to 10 or less, there is an effect of improving the escape of gas during lamination and suppressing the generation of bubbles during lamination.

  If the glossiness of the fourth surface on the back sheet 6 side of the back surface sealing material 5, that is, the back surface 5 B, is too small, slipping occurs between the back surface 6 and the back sheet 6. On the other hand, if it is too large, the fourth surfaces stick together, which is inappropriate. By selecting an appropriate value for the gloss level of the back surface 5B of the back surface sealing material 5, there is an effect of suppressing both slipping and sticking. About the glossiness of the surface on the back surface 5B side that is in contact with the backsheet 6 side of the back surface sealing material 5, the glossiness is 3.2 or more and 89 as in the first surface on the light receiving surface 2A side of the light receiving surface sealing material 2. .1 or less is preferable. Furthermore, glossiness of 35 or more and 49 or less is more preferable. The reason for this is that when the friction between the contact surfaces of the back surface sealing material 5 and the back sheet 6 becomes small, the back sheet 6 slips in the transport process of the laminated body up to the back sheet 6 as shown by the stage s3 in FIG. This is because efficient production is not possible.

  The third surface of the back surface sealing material 5 on the solar cell 3 side, that is, the light receiving surface 5A, is preferably uneven by providing an embossed shape or the like in order to improve gas escape during lamination. The embossed shape can also be managed by glossiness. The glossiness of the light receiving surface 5A of the back surface sealing material 5 is desirably 10 or less. By setting the glossiness of the light receiving surface 5A of the back surface sealing material 5 to 10 or less, there is an effect of improving the escape of gas during lamination and suppressing the generation of bubbles during lamination.

  Further, the second sealing material, that is, the back surface sealing material 5 disposed on the back surface 3b side of the solar battery cell 3 is also composed of EVA resin, and is composed of a back sheet 6 laminated and integrated with polymer resin films. The The glossiness of the fourth surface in contact with the backsheet 6 side of the back surface sealing material 5, that is, the surface on the back surface 5B side is 3.2 or more and 89.1 or less. The glossiness of the surface on the light-receiving surface 5A side that contacts the back surface 3b side of the solar battery cell 3 of the back surface sealing material 5 is 89.1 or less.

  In addition, in order to suppress the slip of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 or the back surface sealing material 5, it is possible to suppress the slip of the sealing material by adding a crease or a curl to the end surface of the sealing material. is there.

  Further, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 with respect to the light-transmitting substrate 1 is formed by bending the surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 to the back side to form a gap at the interface between the light-transmitting substrate 1 and the light-receiving surface sealing material 2. 2 may be suppressed, and the space between the surface of the translucent substrate 1 may be secured and the escape of gas may be adjusted.

  Further, in order to improve the escape of gas between the glass surface of the translucent substrate 1 and the light receiving surface sealing material 2, the surface of the translucent substrate 1 that is in contact with the glass surface is embossed and glossed. The degree may be smaller than 3.2. The part of the surface in contact with the glass surface means about 70% or less with respect to the area of the glass surface.

  The glossiness can be measured in a non-contact manner, and can easily be measured with high accuracy without affecting the surfaces of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5. The reason for managing the glossiness of the sealing material surface for both the light receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 is that there is a correlation between the frictional force and the glossiness, and the friction is measured within the manufacturing process. This is because it is easier to manage the glossiness and it can be operated at a lower cost. Glossiness can be measured with an in-line sensor, can be easily installed in mass production facilities, and can be managed at low cost.

  When materials having different glossiness are used for the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 can be identified by installing an in-line sensor in a mass production facility. It becomes possible, and the misuse of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 can be prevented.

  When materials having different glossiness are used for the first surface and the second surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, the first surface and the second surface can be obtained by installing an in-line sensor in a mass production facility. Can be identified, and misuse of the first surface and the second surface can be prevented.

  As a product using the sealing material, for example, a solar battery cell such as a crystalline solar battery can be used. Examples of the crystalline solar battery cell include a single crystal silicon solar battery cell and a polycrystalline silicon solar battery cell, but are not limited to the method for manufacturing a solar battery module.

  According to the above configuration, it is easy to manage by selecting the sealing material based on the glossiness of the surface, the transport speed of the solar cell module in the production process can be increased, and the productivity is excellent. The solar cell module can be obtained. In addition, the glossiness of a usual sealing material is about 5 to 10, but there was no idea of suppressing slipping based on the glossiness as a criterion.

  Examples will be described below.

Example 1.
White plate glass (1700 mm × 1000 mm × 3.2 mm) was prepared as the translucent substrate 1. The following 14 sheets were prepared as the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 in contact with the translucent substrate 1 side. The light-receiving surface sealing material 2 has a glossiness of 3.2, 5.1, 10.2, 20.5, 24.5, 30.1, 34.8, 39.2, 43.1, 46. 8, 49.5, 80.4, 89.1, 99.2. The back sheet 6 in which the EVA resin back surface sealing material 5 and the polymer resin film were laminated and integrated on the photovoltaic element side provided with the solar battery cell 3 was cut into 1750 mm × 1050 mm.

  And first, the photovoltaic device provided with the translucent board | substrate 1, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, and the photovoltaic cell 3 is laminated | stacked, 50 mm / sec, 100 mm / sec, 200 mm / sec, 300 mm / sec, 400 mm / It was transported at a speed of sec, 500 mm / sec, 600 mm / sec, 1000 mm / sec and stopped. Then, the back surface sealing material 5 and the back sheet 6 are laminated, and the speed is 50 mm / sec, 100 mm / sec, 200 mm / sec, 300 mm / sec, 400 mm / sec, 500 mm / sec, 600 mm / sec, 1000 mm / sec. 1m, and stopped. At that time, the distance that the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 moved in the traveling direction was measured with an image inspection machine.

  In the state of stage s3 shown in FIG. 3, it was carried into a laminating apparatus (not shown), evacuated at a high temperature of 160 ° C. for 5 minutes, and laminated at a pressing pressure of 50 kPa and a pressing time of 5 minutes.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the results of measuring the relationship between the sealing material moving distance and the glossiness at each conveyance speed, specifically, the sealing material movement when the solar cell module is conveyed to the laminating apparatus. It is the table | surface figure and figure which show the result of having measured the relationship between distance and glossiness. When the photovoltaic device including the translucent substrate 1, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, and the solar battery cell 3 is stacked and transported, the transport speed is 50 mm / sec or less based on the table shown in FIG. 5 and the results shown in FIG. In this case, when the glossiness was 3.2 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and it was possible to produce a solar cell module without misalignment. When the conveyance speed was 100 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness was 5.1 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem. When the conveyance speed is 200 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness is 10.2 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material is 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem. . When the conveyance speed is 300 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness is 10.2 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material is 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem. . In addition, when the conveyance speed is 400 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness is 20.5 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material is 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem. . Further, when the conveyance speed was 500 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness was 20.5 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem. When the conveyance speed was 600 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness was 20.5 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem. When the conveyance speed is 1000 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness is 34.8 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material is 2 mm or less, and there was no problem, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents the sealing material moving distance, the horizontal axis represents the glossiness, V ₁ is the conveyance speed 50 mm / sec, V ₂ is the conveyance speed 100 mm / sec, V ₃ is the conveyance speed 200 mm / sec, and V ₄ is Conveying speed 300 mm / sec, V ₅ is conveying speed 400 mm / sec, V ₆ is conveying speed 500 mm / sec, V ₇ is conveying speed 600 mm / sec, V ₈ is conveying speed 1000 mm / sec. The curve is shown.

  5 and 6, as described in the first embodiment, the glossiness of the portion of the light receiving surface sealing material 2 on the side of the light receiving surface 2 </ b> A that is in contact with the translucent substrate 1 is 3.2. It is preferably 89.1 or less. Desirably, the glossiness of the portion of the light receiving surface sealing material 2 on the light receiving surface 2A side is preferably 5.1 or more. Even if the conveyance speed increases, the moving distance can be suppressed to 1 mm or less. More desirably, the glossiness of the portion of the light receiving surface sealing material 2 on the light receiving surface 2A side is preferably 10.2 or more. Further, when the conveyance speed at which manufacturing workability is good is 300 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec, the gloss of the surface of the light receiving surface sealing material 2 on the light receiving surface 2A side is set to 39.2 or more to move The distance can be suppressed to 1 mm or less. By selecting the glossiness within the above range, the sealing material slips in the solar cell module conveying step, the arrangement of the solar cells 3 stacked thereon is shifted, and the productivity of the solar cell module 50 is increased. It can suppress more that it falls.

Example 2
When the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is laminated on the light-transmitting substrate 1, the glossiness of 3.2 is assumed assuming workability when the glossy surfaces in contact with the glass surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 are attached. To 99.2 EVA were bonded together, the strength of the sticking was confirmed with a push-pull gauge, and workability was further confirmed. The laminating process and the conveying process were performed in the same manner as in the example. 7 and 8 show the relationship between the EVA sticking strength and the sticking width when the glossiness of the surface in contact with the solar battery cell in the solar battery module of Example 2 is changed from 3.2 to 99.2. It is the table | surface figure and figure which show the measured result. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the result of considering the glossiness from the viewpoint of manufacturing workability and transportability in the solar cell module of Example 2.

The relationship between the EVA sticking strength and the sticking width when the glossiness of the surface in contact with the solar battery cell was changed from 3.2 to 99.2 was measured. A measurement result is shown with the table | surface figure shown in FIG. 7, and the graph of FIG. The EVA sticking width is a width in which the glossy surfaces of EVA are in contact with each other during the work. In that case, since the contact surfaces have frictional force and adhesiveness to each other, the labor required for peeling off increases as the attached width increases. Therefore, the index is shown by the pasting width. In FIG. 8, the vertical axis is sticking strength, the horizontal axis is glossiness, W ₁ is sticking width 10 mm, W ₂ is sticking width 50 mm, W ₃ is sticking width 100 mm, W ₄ is sticking width 200 mm, W ₅ is sticking width of the sticking width 500mm - shows the gloss curve.

  In addition, when a sealing material sticks on a production process, about 200 mm-about 500 mm width sticking generate | occur | produces. Further, as a result of confirmation in the production process, the force capable of being peeled off intermittently and efficiently for 30 minutes without difficulty by human power was 23N. Therefore, since the force applied to peel off the glossiness 99.2 is 25 N, the work can be efficiently performed if the glossiness is 89.1 or less and generally 89 or less.

  In order to improve the ease of peeling between the sealing materials, it is ideal to make a difference in glossiness within the glossy surface of the sealing material to create a portion with high glossiness and a portion with low glossiness. is there.

  From the viewpoint of conveyance in the production process, it is preferable to convey the laminate 10 at 300 mm / sec or more in order to increase productivity.

  Next, glossiness was considered from the viewpoint of workability and transportability. The result is shown in FIG. In the case where the moving distance is greater than 2 mm, the light receiving surface sealing material 2 has slipped, and there is a slight problem and the determination is Δ. In the case where the moving distance is 1 mm or more and 2 mm or less, the movement is fine, but there is no major problem in the conveyance, and the determination is yes. The condition that the moving distance is less than 1 mm is satisfactory and is judged as good without any problem in conveyance. Since it becomes slippery when the conveyance speed increases, it is necessary to increase the glossiness in order to make the determination “good”.

  That is, under conditions where the conveyance speed is 50 mm / sec to 200 mm / sec, there is no major problem in conveyance although there is slight movement if the glossiness is 10.2 or more. If the glossiness is 20.5 or more, and generally 21 or more, there is no problem in conveyance.

  On the condition that the conveyance speed is 300 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec, if the glossiness is 20.5 or more, although there is slight movement, there is no major problem in conveyance. Further, if the glossiness is about 34.8 or more, there is no problem in conveyance.

  On the condition that the conveyance speed is 600 mm / sec to 1000 mm / sec, if the glossiness is 24.5 or more, although there is slight movement, there is no significant problem in conveyance. If the glossiness is 43.1 or more, there is no problem in conveyance.

  On the other hand, when the glossiness is 80.4 or more, a problem occurs in workability. When the glossiness exceeds 89.1, peeling is difficult and impossible, that is, workability is judged as x. When the glossiness is 80.4 to 89.1, there is no significant problem in workability, but slight adhesion occurs, and the workability is judged as good. When the glossiness is less than 80.4, there is no problem in workability, and the workability is judged ◎.

  From the above results, the conveyance speed is generally 300 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec in a standard production line for solar cell modules. In this case, it is desirable that the glossiness is 20.5 to 89.1, generally 21 to 49. Further, as can be seen from FIG. 9, the glossiness is more preferably from 34.8 to 49.5, generally from 35 to 49, from the viewpoint of both transportability and workability.

  In a production line where there is a margin in productivity and the conveyance speed can be slowed, the conveyance speed may be 50 mm / sec to 200 mm / sec. In this case, the glossiness is desirably 10.2 to 89.1, and generally 10.5 to 89. Further, when the conveyance speed is 50 mm / sec to 200 mm / sec, the glossiness is more preferably 20.5 to 49.5, generally 21 to 49.

  In the case of Example 2 as well as Example 1, using a laminator, vacuuming was performed at a high temperature of 160 ° C. for 5 minutes, and lamination was performed at a pressing pressure of 50 kPa and a pressing time of 5 minutes.

Example 3
Further, assuming the ease of slipping on the light-transmitting substrate 1, the light-receiving surface is sealed so that the glossy surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 of 200 mm × 200 mm is in contact with the light-transmitting substrate 1 made of a glass substrate. Place the stop material 2, place a 1kg weight with a bottom area of 5cm x 10cm on it, fix the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 made of EVA and 1kg weight with double-sided tape, EVA and glass with push-pull gauge The frictional force was measured when sliding started between the substrates. The light-receiving surface sealing material 2 in this case was tested by preparing several types of light-receiving surface sealing material 2 having a glossiness of 3.2 to 99.2 at a room temperature of 25 ° C. The results are shown in the table of FIG. 10 and FIG. 10 and 11 are a table and a diagram showing the results of measuring the relationship between the glossiness and the frictional force of the surface of the light-receiving surface sealing material in contact with the solar cell in the solar cell module of Example 3. FIG. In FIG. 11, the vertical axis represents the frictional force and the horizontal axis represents the glossiness.

  Note that as the glossiness obtained in Example 1 increases, the glossiness increases as shown in the table of Example 3 shown in FIG. This is because the frictional force is improved. Also in Example 2, the lamination process and the conveyance process were the same.

  From Example 3 above, it is possible to improve the productivity of the solar cell module by defining the conveyance speed in production and the glossiness or frictional force of the sealing material in contact with the light-transmitting substrate.

  By measuring the gloss level inline, the sensor can always check the slipperiness of the sealant in a non-contact manner, and control the position of the sealant by predicting the slippage of the sealant. It is also possible to do. Further, even when the temperature of the sealing material is brought close to the melting point, the glossiness can be measured, and the sealing material can be melted without causing slipping, so that the glossiness can be controlled.

  In the case of Example 3 as well, using the laminating apparatus shown in FIG. 3, evacuation was performed at a high temperature of 160 ° C. for 5 minutes, and lamination was performed at a pressing pressure of 50 kPa and a pressing time of 5 minutes.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In Embodiment 1, the laminated body which laminated | stacked the translucent board | substrate 1, the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, and the photovoltaic cell 3 is conveyed in the state of the stage s2 of FIG. 3, Furthermore, the back surface sealing material 5 and the product made from PET In the state of the stage s3, the laminated body in which the back sheet 6 is laminated is conveyed by 1 m and laminated, but in the second embodiment, the translucent substrate 1, the light receiving surface sealing material 2, the solar battery cell 3, and the back surface The laminated body which laminated | stacked the sealing material 5 and the back sheet 6 was conveyed in the state of the stage s3. Other conditions are the same as in the first embodiment. Also, in the following second to fourth embodiments, the constituent members are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore the same drawings are referred to.

  FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show the results of measuring the relationship between the sealing material moving distance and the glossiness at each conveyance speed, specifically, sealing when the solar cell module is conveyed to the laminating apparatus. It is the table | surface figure and figure which show the result of having measured the relationship between material movement distance and glossiness. From the table of FIG. 12 and the result of FIG. 13, when the light-receiving surface sealing material 2, the solar battery cell 3, the back surface sealing material 5, and the back sheet 6 are laminated on the translucent substrate 1, the weight of the used member Therefore, the frictional force increases and the shift during conveyance is reduced.

  When the conveyance speed is 50 mm / sec or less, even if the glossiness is 3.2 or less, the movement distance after laminating the back surface sealing material 5 and the back sheet 6 is 2 mm or less, and there is no problem, and there is no problem with the solar cell module without displacement. Production was possible.

  When the conveyance speed is 100 mm / sec or less, even if the glossiness is 3.2 or less, the moving distance after laminating the back surface sealing material 5 and the back sheet 6 is 1 mm or less, and there is no problem, and there is no problem with the solar cell module without displacement. It was possible to produce.

  When the conveyance speed was 200 mm / sec or less, even when the glossiness was 3.2 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and a solar cell module could be produced without any problem without positional deviation.

  When the conveyance speed was 300 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness was 5.1 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and the solar cell module could be produced without any problem without positional deviation.

  When the conveyance speed is 400 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness is 10.2 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material is 2 mm or less, and a solar cell module can be produced without any problem without positional displacement.

  When the conveyance speed was 500 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness was 10.2 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and it was possible to produce the solar cell module without any problem without displacement.

  When the conveyance speed is 600 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness is 10.2 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material is 2 mm or less, and the solar cell module can be produced without any problem without positional displacement.

  When the conveyance speed was 1000 mm / sec or less, if the glossiness was 20.5 or more, the moving distance of the sealing material was 2 mm or less, and a solar cell module could be produced without any problem without positional displacement.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the result of considering the glossiness from the viewpoint of manufacturing workability and transportability in the solar cell module of the second embodiment. Transport in the state where the translucent substrate 1, the light receiving surface sealing material 2, the photovoltaic element provided with the solar cells 3, the back surface sealing material 5, and the PET backsheet 6 are laminated is performed before the laminating step. It is a conveyance process. The laminating step is a step of heating while evacuating, and is the most time consuming step in the manufacturing process of the solar cell module. Therefore, it is desired to shorten the time for the previous transport process. Therefore, the glossiness was considered from the viewpoint of workability and transportability. The result is shown in FIG. Similarly to the case described in Example 1 with reference to FIG. 9, even in the case of Embodiment 2, a slip is mainly generated between the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the light-transmitting substrate 1, and the determination is made. Δ. In the case of judgment ◯, although it is finely moved, there is no major problem in conveyance, and the stacked state is generally good, and judgment is ◯. Since it becomes slippery when the conveyance speed increases, it is necessary to increase the glossiness in order to make the determination “good”. As is apparent from FIG. 14, the conveyance speed is desirably 300 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec and 600 mm / sec to 1000 mm / sec.

  If the gloss rate is 10.2 or more under any condition of the conveyance speed of 300 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec and the condition of 600 mm / sec to 1000 mm / sec, although there is slight movement, there is no big problem in conveyance. If the glossiness is 20.5 or more, there is no problem in conveyance. More preferably, when the conveyance speed is 300 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec, the deviation of the sealing material can be suppressed to 0.5 mm or less if the glossiness is 34.8 or more.

  In this case, the glossiness is desirably 10.2 to 89.1 and generally 11 to 89. Further, the glossiness is more desirably 20.5 to 49.5, and more desirably 21 to 49.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
The solar cell module 50 of Embodiment 3 has different glossiness between the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5. Other configurations are the same as those of the solar cell module 50 of the first embodiment. A sealing material with high glossiness is used as the light-receiving surface sealing material.

  Since the workability and the transportability are determined by the glossiness on the light receiving surface side that is a surface in contact with the glass substrate which is the translucent substrate 1, the back surface sealing material can be arbitrarily selected. Since the glossiness of the conventional sealing material is about 5 to 10, it is possible to use a usual material for the backside sealing material by making the backside sealing material equivalent to the conventional glossiness, Manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Further, by changing the glossiness between the light receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5, in the laminating process, the light receiving surface sealing material 2, the back surface sealing material 5, the translucent substrate 1 and the back sheet 6 There is an advantage that bubbles can be easily detached from the gaps and a sealed body with few bubbles can be obtained.

  Further, a material having a glossiness of about 5 to 10 and a material having a glossiness of 35 to 50 can be identified visually, and can be easily identified by a glossiness sensor. Therefore, even if the glossiness of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5 is changed, management in manufacturing is easy.

  That is, by changing the glossiness of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 and the back surface sealing material 5, manufacturing costs can be reduced and manufacturing management can be performed. In this case, the glossiness of the light-receiving surface sealing material 2 is desirably about 5 to 10. The gloss of the back surface sealing material 5 is desirably 35 to 50.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
The fourth embodiment is an example in which the glossiness is different between the light receiving surface 2A side and the back surface 2B side of the light receiving surface sealing material 2. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. The first surface having a high glossiness is used on the light receiving surface 2A side of the light receiving surface sealing material 2.

  The workability and transportability are determined by the glossiness on the light receiving surface 2A side, which is a surface in contact with the glass substrate that is the translucent substrate 1, so that the back surface 2B side can be arbitrarily selected. Since the glossiness of the usual sealing material is about 5 to 10, the back surface 2B side can be manufactured in the same manner as the usual solar cell module for one side by making it equal to the usual glossiness. Manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  In addition, by changing the glossiness between the light receiving surface 2A side and the back surface 2B side of the light receiving surface sealing material 2, it is possible to obtain a sealing body in which air bubbles are easily detached from the gap in the laminating step and the number of air bubbles is small. There are advantages.

  Further, a material having a glossiness of about 5 to 10 and a material having a glossiness of 35 to 50 can be identified visually, and can be easily identified by a glossiness sensor. Therefore, even if the glossiness on the light receiving surface side and the back surface side is changed, management in manufacturing is easy.

  That is, by changing the glossiness of the light receiving surface 2A side and the back surface 2B side of the light receiving surface sealing material 2, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the management in manufacturing can be performed. In this case, the glossiness of one surface is desirably about 5 to 10. The glossiness of the other surface is desirably 35 to 50.

  Further, a material having a glossiness of about 5 to 10 and a material having a glossiness of 35 to 50 can be identified visually, and can be easily identified by a glossiness sensor. Therefore, even if the glossiness of the light-receiving surface sealing material and the back surface sealing material is changed, management in manufacturing is easy.

  As described above, by defining the conveyance speed and the glossiness of the sealing material, it is possible to obtain a solar cell module with excellent productivity.

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the translucent substrate, the light-receiving surface sealing material, the solar battery cell, the back surface sealing material, and the back sheet are stacked in this order so that the positional shift can be further suppressed. In the case of the solar battery cell, the side disposed on the lower side in the laminate chamber is the light receiving surface sealing material. By suppressing misalignment on the light receiving surface side, a highly reliable solar cell can be obtained more easily. In the case where the back sheet, the back surface sealing material, the solar cell installation, the light receiving surface sealing material, and the light transmitting substrate are stacked in the reverse direction to the stacking direction of the solar cell modules of the first to fourth embodiments. The same effect can be obtained by treating the glossiness of the surface of the back surface sealing material in contact with the back sheet as the surface of the light receiving surface sealing material in contact with the translucent substrate.

  As described above, by defining the conveyance speed, the glossiness of the sealing material, and the frictional force, it is possible to obtain a solar cell module with excellent productivity.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Translucent board | substrate, 2 Light-receiving surface sealing material, 2A Light-receiving surface, 2B back surface, 3 Solar cell, 4 Tab line, 5 Back surface sealing material, 6 Back sheet, 7 Frame, 10 Laminate body, 50 Solar cell module , 200 sample surface, 201 normal, 202 light source, 203 light receiver.

Claims (14)

A translucent substrate;
A first sealing material;
Solar cells connected by tab wires;
A second encapsulant;
A step of sequentially laminating a back sheet and forming a laminate;
Heating and pressurizing the laminate in a sealing portion, and sealing the solar battery cell,
The first sealing material is selected based on a measurement result obtained by measuring the glossiness of at least one surface by a glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741. Production method. The first sealing material has a first surface on the translucent substrate side and a second surface facing the first surface,
2. The method for producing a solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the first surface has a glossiness of 21 or more and 89 or less measured by a glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741. The first sealing material is
The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 2, wherein the first surface has a glossiness of 35 or more as measured by a glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741. The first sealing material is
4. The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 2, wherein the first surface has a glossiness of 49 or less as measured by a glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741. 5. The first sealing material is
The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the second surface has a glossiness of 10 or less as measured by a glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741. The second sealing material has a fourth surface on the backsheet side and a third surface facing the fourth surface,
The method for producing a solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fourth surface has a glossiness of 35 or more and 49 or less as measured by a glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741. . The second sealing material is
The method for producing a solar cell module according to claim 6, wherein the third surface has a glossiness of 10 or less as measured by a glossiness measuring method based on JIS Z8741. Including a transporting step of transporting the laminate to the sealing portion;
The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a conveying speed in the conveying step is not less than 300 mm / sec and not more than 500 mm / sec.   The method of measuring the glossiness of at least one surface of the first sealing material by a glossiness measurement method based on JIS Z8741 prior to the step of forming the laminated body. The manufacturing method of the solar cell module of any one of these.   Prior to the step of forming the laminate, the first surface and the second surface of the first sealing material are identified by measuring the glossiness of at least one surface of the first sealing material. The manufacturing method of the solar cell module of any one of Claim 1 to 9 characterized by including a process. A first surface that contacts the translucent substrate; and a second surface that faces the first surface;
A sealing material for a solar cell module, wherein the first surface is measured by a glossiness measuring method based on JIS Z8741 and has a glossiness of 21 or more and 89 or less.   The solar cell module sealing material according to claim 11, wherein the glossiness of the first surface is 35 or more and 49 or less. The glossiness is different between the first surface and the second surface,
The solar cell module sealing material according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the glossiness of the second surface is 10 or less. A solar cell module in which a translucent substrate, a first sealing material, solar cells connected by tab wires, a second sealing material, and a back sheet are sequentially laminated and resin-sealed. A sealing material used,
The said sealing material comprises the said 1st or 2nd sealing material, The sealing material of the solar cell module of any one of Claim 11 to 13 characterized by the above-mentioned.