JPWO2018061185A1 - Refrigeration cycle equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The first heat exchanger (5) of the refrigeration cycle apparatus (1) includes a first water heat exchange unit (21) and a second water heat exchange unit in which a plurality of plate plates (65, 66, 63, 64) are stacked. (22) is provided. The first heat exchanger (5) includes a first refrigerant passage (24), a refrigerant passage (33), a second refrigerant passage (25), a bypass passage (31), a third refrigerant passage (26), a refrigerant passage ( 36) and the fourth refrigerant passage (27) are formed in such a manner that they are connected in series in this order. The first refrigerant passage (24) and the second refrigerant passage (25) are formed so as to extend in the stacking direction of the first water heat exchange section (21) and the second water heat exchange section (22). (33) is formed in the first water heat exchange section (21). The third refrigerant passage (26) and the fourth refrigerant passage (27) are formed so as to extend in the stacking direction of the second water heat exchange section (22), and the refrigerant passage (36) is the second water heat exchange. Part (22) is formed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and more particularly, to a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a water heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a refrigerant and water.

  There is a water heat exchanger that heats or cools water by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water. A water heat exchanger using a plate plate is known as the water heat exchanger. In this type of water heat exchanger, the refrigerant passage and the water passage are arranged via a plate plate. In order to increase the heat transfer area between water and the refrigerant, the number of plate plates is increased.

JP 2013-142485 A (Patent No. 5411304)

  However, in the plate heat exchanger described in Patent Document 1, when the number of plate plates is increased, the number of branching refrigerant passages is increased and the refrigerant flow rate is lowered. For this reason, although a heat transfer area increases, a heat transfer rate falls and the heat exchange performance as a water heat exchanger is not improved effectively.

  In particular, when the water heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the pressure loss of the refrigerant becomes smaller than the pressure loss of the refrigerant when used as an evaporator, and the refrigerant flow rate is lowered. For this reason, the water heat exchanger is required to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant while increasing the heat transfer area.

  As described above, the water heat exchanger is required to increase the heat transfer area and increase the flow rate of the refrigerant. The present invention has been made as part of such development, and an object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of increasing the flow rate of refrigerant when the water heat exchanger is operated as a condenser. is there.

  The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention includes a first refrigerant passage, a second refrigerant passage, a third refrigerant passage, and a fourth refrigerant passage that are formed by a plurality of laminated plate plates and extend in a direction in which the plurality of plate plates are laminated. A water heat exchanger having a plurality of refrigerant passages is included. The plurality of refrigerant passages are connected in series in the order of the first refrigerant passage, the second refrigerant passage, the third refrigerant passage, and the fourth refrigerant passage, and the refrigerant flows through the plurality of refrigerant passages. The direction in which the refrigerant flows through the first refrigerant path and the third refrigerant path is opposite to the direction in which the refrigerant flows through the second refrigerant path and the fourth refrigerant path.

  According to the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention, the first refrigerant passage, the second refrigerant passage, the third refrigerant passage, and the fourth refrigerant passage are connected in series in this order, and the first refrigerant passage and the third refrigerant passage are connected to each other. Since the direction of the flowing refrigerant and the direction of the refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant path and the fourth refrigerant path are reversed, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the water heat exchanger, Exchange performance can be improved.

3 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. In Embodiment 1, it is a disassembled perspective view which shows the basic composition of the 1st heat exchanger in a refrigerating-cycle apparatus. In Embodiment 1, it is a figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in a refrigerant circuit in the case of operating a refrigeration cycle apparatus by making a 1st heat exchanger into a condenser. In Embodiment 1, it is a disassembled perspective view which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in a 1st heat exchanger in the case of operating a refrigeration cycle apparatus by using a 1st heat exchanger as a condenser. It is a figure which shows the refrigerant circuit of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which concerns on a comparative example. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in a 1st heat exchanger in the case of making the 1st heat exchanger of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which concerns on a comparative example drive | operate as a condenser. In Embodiment 1, it is an exploded perspective view which shows an example of the actual structure of the 1st heat exchanger in a refrigerating-cycle apparatus. In Embodiment 1, it is a graph which shows the relationship between a COP ratio and the number ratio of the plate plate in a 1st heat exchanger in the case of using a 1st heat exchanger as a condenser. 6 is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2. FIG. In Embodiment 2, it is an exploded perspective view which shows the basic composition of the 1st heat exchanger in a refrigerating-cycle apparatus. In Embodiment 2, it is a figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in a refrigerant circuit in the case of operating a refrigeration cycle apparatus by making a 1st heat exchanger into a condenser. In Embodiment 2, it is a disassembled perspective view which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in a 1st heat exchanger in the case of operating a refrigeration cycle apparatus by using a 1st heat exchanger as a condenser. In Embodiment 2, it is a figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in a refrigerant circuit in the case of operating a refrigeration cycle apparatus by making a 1st heat exchanger into an evaporator. In Embodiment 2, it is a disassembled perspective view which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in a 1st heat exchanger in the case of operating a refrigeration cycle apparatus by using a 1st heat exchanger as an evaporator. In Embodiment 2, it is a disassembled perspective view which shows an example of the actual structure of the 1st heat exchanger in a refrigerating-cycle apparatus.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
First, the whole structure of the refrigerating cycle apparatus provided with the water heat exchanger is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 1, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 includes a compressor 3, a first heat exchanger 5 as a water heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger 7, and an expansion valve 9. When the first heat exchanger 5 is used as a condenser, the discharge side of the compressor 3 and the first heat exchanger 5 are connected by the refrigerant pipe 41. The first heat exchanger 5 and the expansion valve 9 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 42. The expansion valve 9 and the second heat exchanger 7 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 43. The second heat exchanger 7 and the suction side of the compressor 3 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 44.

  Next, a basic structure (unit structure) of the first heat exchanger 5 as the water heat exchanger will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first heat exchanger 5 includes a first water heat exchange unit 21 and a second water heat exchange unit 22. For example, a plurality of plate plates 65, 66, 62 are arranged in the first water heat exchange unit 21 at intervals. For example, a plurality of plate plates 61, 63, 64 are arranged in the second water heat exchange unit 22 at intervals.

  Each of the plate plates 65, 66, 61, 63, 64 has three openings 71 through which refrigerant or water flows at the first end and the second end in the longitudinal direction. One opening 71 through which refrigerant or water flows is formed at each of the first end and the second end in the direction. By laminating the plate plates 61 to 65, the plurality of openings 71 are overlapped to form a refrigerant passage through which a refrigerant flows or a water passage through which water flows.

  Further, a seal member 73 is provided at a predetermined position between the opposing plate plates 61 to 65. When the seal member 73 is sandwiched between the opposing plate plates, the coolant passage formed by the opening 71 and the water passage are partitioned. FIG. 4 shows a state where the plate plate and the plate plate are slightly separated for convenience of explanation.

  In addition, one opening 71 located in the rightmost side among the three openings 71 formed in each of the first end portions in the longitudinal direction of the plate plates 61 and 63 to 65 overlaps, so that the refrigerant flows. It is formed as a first refrigerant passage 24 (first refrigerant passage) that is a passage, and is provided on the leftmost side among the three openings 71 formed at the first ends of the plate plates 61 and 63 to 65 in the longitudinal direction. The one opening 71 located is formed as a second water passage 29 that is a passage through which water flows by overlapping.

  Furthermore, one of the three openings 71 formed on each of the second ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate plates 61 and 63 to 65 overlaps one opening 71 located on the leftmost side so that water flows. One opening 71 located at the center among the three openings 71 formed as the first water passage 28 that is a passage and formed at each of the second ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate plates 61 and 63 to 65 is By overlapping, a second refrigerant passage 25 (second refrigerant passage) that is a passage through which the refrigerant flows is formed.

  Moreover, one opening located in the center among the three openings 71 formed in each of the first ends in the longitudinal direction of the stacked plate plates 61, 63, 64 that are the second water heat exchanger 22. The portion 71 is formed as a third refrigerant passage 26 (third refrigerant passage) that is a passage through which the refrigerant flows, and is formed at each of the second end portions in the longitudinal direction of the stacked plate plates 61, 63, 64. Of the two openings 71, one opening 71 located on the rightmost side is formed as a fourth refrigerant passage 27 (fourth refrigerant passage) that is a passage through which the refrigerant flows. Note that the first end is positioned above the second end in the direction of gravity.

  The refrigerant pipe 41 is connected to the first refrigerant passage 24, and the refrigerant pipe 42 is connected to the fourth refrigerant passage 27. A water pipe 58, which is a pipe through which water flows, is connected to the first water path 28, and a water pipe 59, which is a pipe through which water flows, is connected to the second water path 29.

  Further, in the first water heat exchanging portion 21, a refrigerant passage 33 (a first passage through which the refrigerant that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 24 flows to the second refrigerant passage 25 in the space sandwiched between the plate plate 65 and the plate plate 66. 5 refrigerant passages) are formed, and in a space sandwiched between the plate plate 66 and the plate plate 62, a water passage 53 for flowing water flowing through the first water passage 28 to the second water passage 29 is formed. . In the second water heat exchanging unit 22, a refrigerant passage 36 (sixth refrigerant) that flows the refrigerant that has flowed through the third refrigerant passage 26 to the fourth refrigerant passage 27 in the space between the plate plate 63 and the plate plate 64. In the space sandwiched between the plate plate 61 and the plate plate 63, a water passage 52 through which the water flowing through the first water passage 28 flows to the second water passage 29 is formed. Further, in the space between the plate plate 64 and the plate plate 65, which is between the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22, the water that has flowed through the first water passage 28 is second water. A water passage 55 that flows to the passage 29 is formed.

  The first heat exchanger 5 is also provided with a bypass passage 31 that connects the second refrigerant passage 25 and the third refrigerant passage 26 and allows the refrigerant that has flowed in from the second refrigerant passage 25 to flow to the third refrigerant passage 26. ing.

  In addition, in FIG. 1, in order to show the basic composition of the 1st water heat exchange part 21 and the 2nd water heat exchange part 22, although the example which laminated | stacked only three plate plates was given, the actual 1st heat exchanger was shown. 5, a plurality of plate plates 65 and 66 are alternately stacked between the plate plate 66 and the plate plate 62 in the first water heat exchange unit 21. In the second water heat exchange unit 22, A plurality of plate plates 63 and plate plates 64 are alternately stacked between the plate plate 61 and the plate plate 63. In the first water heat exchange section 21, a plurality of refrigerant passages 33 and water passages 53 are alternately arranged according to the number of plate plates 65 and plate plates 66. Further, in the second water heat exchange unit 22, a plurality of refrigerant passages 36 and water passages 52 are alternately arranged according to the number of plate plates 63 and plate plates 64.

  Next, as an operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 described above, a case where the first heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, by driving the compressor 3, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 3. Hereinafter, the refrigerant flows according to solid arrows. The discharged high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant (single phase) flows through the refrigerant pipe 41 and flows into the first heat exchanger 5 as a water heat exchanger. In the 1st heat exchanger 5, heat exchange is performed between the gas refrigerant which flowed in, and the sent water, and a high temperature / high pressure gas refrigerant condenses and turns into a low temperature / high pressure liquid refrigerant (single phase). By this heat exchange, the water flowing into the first heat exchanger 5 from the water pipe 58 and flowing into the water pipe 59 is warmed. The refrigerant flow in the first heat exchanger 5 will be described in detail later.

  The high-pressure liquid refrigerant sent out from the first heat exchanger 5 flows through the refrigerant pipe 42 and then becomes a two-phase refrigerant of low-pressure gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant by the expansion valve 9. The refrigerant in the two-phase state flows through the refrigerant pipe 43 and flows into the second heat exchanger 7. In the second heat exchanger 7, heat exchange is performed between the flowing two-phase refrigerant and, for example, air, and the two-phase refrigerant evaporates the liquid refrigerant so that the low-pressure gas refrigerant (single Phase). The low-pressure gas refrigerant sent out from the second heat exchanger 7 flows through the refrigerant pipe 44 and reaches the compressor 3, is compressed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and is discharged from the compressor 3 again. Thereafter, this cycle is repeated.

  Next, the flow of the refrigerant and the like in the first heat exchanger 5 will be described. The refrigerant flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22 in series. The refrigerant first flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and then flows through the second water heat exchange unit 22.

  The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 flows through the refrigerant pipe 41 (four-way valve 11) and reaches the first refrigerant passage 24. As shown in FIG. 4, the refrigerant R that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 24 flows from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity through the refrigerant passage 33 of the first water heat exchanger 21. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the refrigerant passage 33 reaches the second refrigerant passage 25.

  The refrigerant R that has flowed through the second refrigerant passage 25 flows through the bypass passage 31 and reaches the third refrigerant passage 26. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the third refrigerant passage 26 flows through the refrigerant passage 36 of the second water heat exchanger 22 from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the refrigerant passage 36 reaches the fourth refrigerant passage 27. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the fourth refrigerant passage 27 is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5.

  On the other hand, water flows in parallel through the first water heat exchanger 21 or the second water heat exchanger 22. The water flowing through the water passage 58 reaches the first water passage 28. The water W that has flowed through the first water passage 28 flows into the water passage 53 of the first water heat exchange section 21, the water passage 52 of the second water heat exchange section 22, the first water heat exchange section 21, and the second water heat exchange section. 22 water passages 55 flow in parallel.

  Heat exchange is performed between the water W flowing through the water passage 55 and the refrigerant R flowing through the refrigerant passage 33, so that the water W is warmed. Heat exchange is performed between the water W flowing through the water passage 52 and the refrigerant R flowing through the refrigerant passage 36, and the water W is warmed. The warmed water W is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5. In the first heat exchanger 5, this operation will be repeated hereinafter.

  In the 1st heat exchanger 5 in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 mentioned above, a refrigerant | coolant flows through the 1st water heat exchange part 21 and the 2nd water heat exchange part 22 in series, and can aim at the improvement of a heat transfer rate. . This will be described in comparison with the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the comparative example.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 according to the comparative example includes a compressor 103, a first heat exchanger 105 as a water heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger 107, and an expansion valve 109. Yes. When the first heat exchanger 105 is used as a condenser, the discharge side of the compressor 103 and the first heat exchanger 105 are connected by the refrigerant flow path 141. The first heat exchanger 105 and the expansion valve 109 are connected by a refrigerant flow path 142. The expansion valve 109 and the second heat exchanger 107 are connected by a refrigerant channel 143. The second heat exchanger 107 and the suction side of the compressor 103 are connected by a refrigerant flow path 144.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the first heat exchanger 105, a plurality of plate plates 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165 are laminated. In a space sandwiched between the plate plate 160 and the plate plate 161, a water passage 151 for flowing water flowing from the first water passage 128 to the second water passage 129 is disposed. In a space sandwiched between the plate plate 161 and the plate plate 162, a refrigerant passage 131 that allows the refrigerant flowing from the first refrigerant passage 124 to flow to the second refrigerant passage 125 is disposed. In a space sandwiched between the plate plate 162 and the plate plate 163, a water passage 152 for flowing water flowing from the first water passage 128 to the second water passage 129 is disposed. In a space sandwiched between the plate plate 163 and the plate plate 164, a refrigerant passage 132 for flowing the refrigerant flowing in from the first refrigerant passage 124 to the second refrigerant passage 125 is disposed. In a space sandwiched between the plate plate 164 and the plate plate 165, a water passage 153 for flowing water flowing from the first water passage 128 to the second water passage 129 is disposed.

  Next, a case where the first heat exchanger 105 is operated as a condenser will be described. This operation is the same as that of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 described above. As shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 103 sequentially flows through the first heat exchanger 105, the expansion valve 109, and the second heat exchanger 107 as a water heat exchanger, and returns to the compressor 103. In the first heat exchanger 105, heat exchange is performed between the flowing refrigerant (gas refrigerant) and the fed water, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is condensed to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.

  Next, the flow of the refrigerant and the like in the first heat exchanger 105 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the refrigerant sent from the compressor 103 flows through the refrigerant flow path 141 and reaches the first refrigerant path 124. The refrigerant that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 124 flows in parallel through the refrigerant passage 131 or the refrigerant passage 132. The refrigerant that has flowed through the refrigerant passage 131 or the refrigerant passage 132 reaches the second refrigerant passage 125. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the second refrigerant passage 125 is sent out of the first heat exchanger 105.

  On the other hand, the water flowing through the water passage 158 reaches the first water passage 128. The water flowing through the first water passage 128 flows in parallel through the water passage 151, the water passage 152, or the water passage 153. While the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant passages 131 and 132 and the water flows through the water passages 151, 152, and 153, heat exchange is performed to warm the water. The warmed water reaches the second water passage 129. The water flowing through the second water passage 129 is sent out of the first heat exchanger 105.

  As described above, when the water heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the pressure loss of the refrigerant is smaller than the pressure loss of the refrigerant when the water heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, and the refrigerant flow rate is reduced. Will be reduced. In the first heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the comparative example, the refrigerant sent to the first heat exchanger 105 flows through the refrigerant passage 131 and the refrigerant passage 132 in parallel. For this reason, there is a limit to increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.

  In the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 according to the comparative example, the refrigerant flows in parallel through the refrigerant passages 131 and 132, whereas in the first heat exchanger 5 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1, the refrigerant is the refrigerant passage 33. , 36 in series. The refrigerant first flows through the refrigerant passage 33 of the first water heat exchange unit 21 and then flows through the refrigerant passage 36 of the second water heat exchange unit 22. Thereby, compared with the case where a refrigerant | coolant flows through the refrigerant paths 131 and 132 in parallel, the flow velocity of a refrigerant | coolant can be raised about twice. As a result, the heat transfer performance is improved and the heat transfer rate can be improved.

  As described above, FIG. 2 shows the basic configuration of the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22, but the actual first heat exchanger 5 has the first water heat exchange unit. 21 includes a predetermined number of plate plates 65 and the like, and the second water heat exchanger 22 also includes a predetermined number of plate plates 63 and the like. In the first water heat exchange unit 21, a plurality of refrigerant passages 33 and water passages 53 are alternately arranged according to the number of plate plates 65 and the like. Further, in the second water heat exchange section 22, a plurality of refrigerant passages 36 and water passages 52 are alternately arranged according to the number of plate plates 63 and the like.

  An example of such a first heat exchanger 5 is shown in FIG. In the 1st water heat exchange part 21 of the 1st heat exchanger 5 shown by FIG. 7, several 1st water heat exchange part 21a which has the 1st 1st water heat exchange part 21 shown by FIG. 2 as a basic unit, 21b etc. are arranged. Moreover, in the 2nd water heat exchange part 22 of the 1st heat exchanger 5, several 2nd water heat exchange part 22a, 22b etc. which have one 2nd water heat exchange part 22 shown by FIG. Has been placed.

  When the first heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser, the refrigerant flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22 in series as described above. The refrigerant that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 24 flows through the respective refrigerant passages 33 such as the first water heat exchange portions 21a and 21b, and then flows through the bypass passage 31 and then the second water heat exchange portions 22a and 22b. Etc., each refrigerant passage 36 flows.

  On the other hand, water flows in parallel through the first water heat exchanger 21 or the second water heat exchanger 22. The water flowing through the first water passage 28 flows in parallel through the respective water passages 53 such as the first water heat exchange portions 21a and 21b and the respective water passages 52 such as the second water heat exchange portions 22a and 22b. Heat exchange is performed between the water flowing through the water passage 53 and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 33 to warm the water. Further, heat is exchanged between the water flowing through the water passage 52 and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 36 to warm the water. The warmed water is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5 from the second water passage 29.

  Here, the number (number A) of plate plates 65 and the like arranged in the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the number (number B) of plate plates 63 and the like arranged in the second water heat exchange unit 22 are: It is not necessary that the number is the same, and the number may be different. By making the number A and the number B different, the performance when used as a condenser can be improved.

  The graph is shown in FIG. The horizontal axis represents the ratio of the number A to the total number (constant) of the number A and the number B. The vertical axis represents a coefficient of performance (COP) ratio (number of sheets A = number of sheets B). As shown in FIG. 8, the coefficient of performance COP ratio is increased and the performance is improved by increasing the number of plates 65 and the like of the first water heat exchange section 21 in which the refrigerant flows first with respect to the total number. It has been found.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
Here, when the first heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the refrigerant flows through the first heat exchanger in series, and when the first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, the refrigerant flows in parallel. A refrigeration cycle apparatus including a first heat exchanger will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the basic configuration of the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1, but the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1. In addition to the circuit configuration, a four-way valve 11, a first electromagnetic valve 13 (first on-off valve), a second electromagnetic valve 15 (second on-off valve), a check valve 17, and a refrigerant pipe 39 are further provided. The same or equivalent components as those of the first embodiment are the same as those of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1, and therefore, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted unless necessary. Do not repeat.

  Next, a basic structure (unit structure) of the first heat exchanger 5 according to the present embodiment will be described. Here, a different part from the structure of the 1st heat exchanger 5 which concerns on Embodiment 1 is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 9, the first solenoid valve 13 is provided in the bypass passage 31 to control the flow of the refrigerant flowing from the second refrigerant passage 25 to the third refrigerant passage 26. In addition, a refrigerant pipe 39 that connects the refrigerant pipe 41 and the third refrigerant passage 26 is disposed.

  A second solenoid valve 15 is provided in the refrigerant pipe 39 to control the flow of refrigerant flowing from the compressor 3 to the third refrigerant passage 26. A refrigerant passage 38 (seventh refrigerant passage) that connects the fourth refrigerant passage 27 and the second refrigerant passage 25 is formed. A check valve 17 is provided in the refrigerant passage 38. The check valve 17 is provided in the forward direction from the fourth refrigerant passage 27 toward the second refrigerant passage 25.

  Next, a case where the first heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser will be described as an operation of the above-described refrigeration cycle apparatus. In this case, as described above, the refrigerant flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22 in series. As shown in FIG. 11, the first electromagnetic valve 13 is “open”. The second solenoid valve 15 is “closed”. The refrigerant flows according to the arrow.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the refrigerant sent from the compressor 3 flows through the refrigerant pipe 41 and reaches the first refrigerant passage 24. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 24 flows through the refrigerant passage 33 of the first water heat exchanger 21 from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the refrigerant passage 33 reaches the second refrigerant passage 25.

  The refrigerant R that has flowed through the second refrigerant passage 25 flows through the bypass passage 31 (first electromagnetic valve 13) and reaches the third refrigerant passage 26. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the third refrigerant passage 26 flows through the refrigerant passage 36 of the second water heat exchanger 22 from the top to the bottom in the direction of gravity. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the refrigerant passage 36 reaches the fourth refrigerant passage 27. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the fourth refrigerant passage 27 is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5.

  On the other hand, water flows in parallel through the first water heat exchanger 21 or the second water heat exchanger 22. The water flowing through the water passage 58 reaches the first water passage 28. The water W that has flowed through the first water passage 28 flows in parallel through the water passage 53 of the first water heat exchanger 21 and the water passage 52 of the second water heat exchanger 22.

  Heat exchange is performed between the water W flowing through the water passage 53 and the refrigerant R flowing through the refrigerant passage 33, so that the water W is warmed. Heat exchange is performed between the water W flowing through the water passage 52 and the refrigerant R flowing through the refrigerant passage 36, so that the water W is warmed and reaches the second water passage 29. The water flowing through the second water passage 29 is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5.

  Next, a case where the first heat exchanger 5 is operated as an evaporator will be described. In this case, the refrigerant flows in parallel through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22. As shown in FIG. 13, the first electromagnetic valve 13 is “closed”. The second solenoid valve 15 is “open”. The refrigerant flows according to the arrow.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows through the refrigerant pipe 44 (four-way valve 11) and into the second heat exchanger 7. In the second heat exchanger 7, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is heat-exchanged with air or the like, and is condensed to become a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through the refrigerant pipe 43 and reaches the expansion valve 9. The low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a two-phase refrigerant consisting of a low-pressure gas refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant by the expansion valve 9. The refrigerant in the two-phase state flows through the refrigerant pipe 42 and flows into the first heat exchanger 5.

  In the 1st heat exchanger 5, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant and water which flowed in, and the liquid refrigerant evaporates into a low-pressure gas refrigerant (single phase). This heat exchange cools the water. The refrigerant flow in the first heat exchanger 5 will be described in detail later. The low-pressure gas refrigerant sent out from the first heat exchanger 5 flows into the compressor 3, is compressed to become a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, and is discharged from the compressor 3 again. Thereafter, this cycle is repeated.

  Next, the flow of the refrigerant and the like in the first heat exchanger 5 will be described. The refrigerant flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22 in parallel. As shown in FIG. 14, the refrigerant R that has flowed through the fourth refrigerant passage 27 is branched into a refrigerant R that flows through the refrigerant passage 36 and a refrigerant R that flows through the refrigerant passage 38 (the check valve 17). The refrigerant R flowing through the refrigerant passage 38 flows through the refrigerant passage 33 after flowing through the second refrigerant passage 25. Thus, the refrigerant R flows in parallel through the refrigerant passage 33 of the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the refrigerant passage 36 of the second water heat exchange unit 22.

  The refrigerant R that has flowed through the refrigerant passage 33 reaches the first refrigerant passage 24. The refrigerant R that has flowed through the refrigerant passage 36 flows through the third refrigerant passage 26 and the refrigerant pipe 39 (second electromagnetic valve 15), and merges with the refrigerant R that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 24. The merged refrigerant R is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5.

  On the other hand, water flows in parallel through the first water heat exchanger 21 or the second water heat exchanger 22. The water flowing through the water passage 58 reaches the first water passage 28. The water W that has flowed through the first water passage 28 flows in parallel through the water passage 53 of the first water heat exchanger 21 and the water passage 52 of the second water heat exchanger 22.

  Heat exchange is performed between the water W flowing through the water passage 53 and the refrigerant R flowing through the refrigerant passage 33, thereby cooling the water W. Heat exchange is performed between the water W flowing through the water passage 52 and the refrigerant R flowing through the refrigerant passage 36, thereby cooling the water W. The cooled water W reaches the second water passage 29. The water flowing through the second water passage 29 is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5. In the first heat exchanger 5, this operation will be repeated hereinafter.

  In the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 described above, when the first heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser, the refrigerant R flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22 in series, The heat transfer rate can be improved. On the other hand, when operating the 1st heat exchanger 5 as an evaporator, the refrigerant | coolant R will flow through the 1st water heat exchange part 21 and the 2nd water heat exchange part 22 in parallel.

  When operating the 1st heat exchanger 5 as an evaporator, if the refrigerant | coolant R is flowed through the 1st water heat exchange part 21 and the 2nd water heat exchange part 22 in series, a pressure loss will become large. Therefore, in this case, the pressure loss of the refrigerant R can be suppressed by flowing the refrigerant R through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22 in parallel. As a result, the performance as an evaporator can be ensured.

  In addition, in FIG. 10, although the basic composition of the 1st water heat exchange part 21 and the 2nd water heat exchange part 22 is shown, in the actual 1st heat exchanger 5, in the 1st water heat exchange part 21, A predetermined number of plate plates 65 and the like are disposed, and a predetermined number of plate plates 63 and the like are also disposed in the second water heat exchange unit 22. In the first water heat exchange unit 21, a plurality of refrigerant passages 33 and water passages 53 are alternately arranged according to the number of plate plates 65 and the like. Further, in the second water heat exchange section 22, a plurality of refrigerant passages 36 and water passages 52 are alternately arranged according to the number of plate plates 63 and the like.

  An example of such a first heat exchanger 5 is shown in FIG. In the 1st water heat exchange part 21 of the 1st heat exchanger 5 shown by Drawing 15, a plurality of 1st water heat exchange parts 21a which have one 1st water heat exchange part 21 shown in Drawing 10 as a basic unit, 21b etc. are arranged. Moreover, in the 2nd water heat exchange part 22 of the 1st heat exchanger 5, several 2nd water heat exchange part 22a, 22b etc. which have one 2nd water heat exchange part 22 shown by FIG. Has been placed.

  When the first heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser, the refrigerant flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 and the second water heat exchange unit 22 in series as described above. The refrigerant that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 24 flows through the respective refrigerant passages 33 such as the first water heat exchange portions 21a and 21b, and then flows through the bypass passage 31 and then the second water heat exchange portions 22a and 22b. Etc., each refrigerant passage 36 flows.

  Water flows through the first water heat exchange unit 21 or the second water heat exchange unit 22 in parallel. The water flowing through the first water passage 28 flows in parallel through the respective water passages 53 such as the first water heat exchange portions 21a and 21b and the respective water passages 52 such as the second water heat exchange portions 22a and 22b. Heat exchange is performed between the water flowing through the water passage 53 and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 33 to warm the water. Further, heat is exchanged between the water flowing through the water passage 52 and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 36 to warm the water. The warmed water is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5 from the second water passage 29. Even in this case, the coefficient of performance COP ratio is increased and the performance is improved by increasing the number of plate plates 65 and the like of the first water heat exchanging portion 21 in which the refrigerant first flows relative to the total number of plate plates 65 and the like. Can be made.

  On the other hand, when operating this 1st heat exchanger 5 as an evaporator, as above-mentioned, a refrigerant | coolant flows through the 1st water heat exchange part 21 and the 2nd water heat exchange part 22 in parallel. The refrigerant that has flowed through the first refrigerant passage 24 flows through the respective refrigerant passages 33 such as the first water heat exchange portions 21a and 21b, and simultaneously flows through the respective refrigerant passages 36 such as the second water heat exchange portions 22a and 22b. It will be.

  Water also flows in parallel through the first water heat exchanger 21 or the second water heat exchanger 22. The water flowing through the first water passage 28 flows in parallel through the respective water passages 53 such as the first water heat exchange portions 21a and 21b and the respective water passages 52 such as the second water heat exchange portions 22a and 22b. Heat exchange is performed between the water flowing through the water passage 53 and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 33 to cool the water. Further, heat is exchanged between the water flowing through the water passage 52 and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 36 to cool the water. The cooled water is sent out of the first heat exchanger 5 from the second water passage 29. In this case, regarding the relationship between the coefficient of performance COP ratio (the number of sheets A = number B) and the number ratio of plate plates, the COP ratio is 100% regardless of the number ratio.

  In each refrigeration cycle device 1 described above, a connection portion (connection portion A) where the first refrigerant passage 24 and the refrigerant pipe 41 are connected, and a connection where the second refrigerant passage 25 and the bypass passage 31 are connected. Part (connection part B), connection part (connection part C) where the third refrigerant passage 26 and the bypass passage 31 are connected, connection part (connection part) where the fourth refrigerant path 27 and the refrigerant pipe 42 are connected D), a connection portion (connection portion E) where the first water passage 28 and the water pipe 58 are connected, and a connection portion (connection portion F) where the second water passage 29 and the water piping 59 are connected, The case where the second water heat exchange unit 22 is disposed at a position opposite to the side where the first water heat exchange unit 21 is disposed has been described as an example.

  As the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 (first heat exchanger 5), the connection part A to the connection part F may be disposed on the first water heat exchange part 21 side. The assembly of the first heat exchanger 5 can be facilitated by arranging the connection parts A to F on the second water heat exchange part 22 side or the first water heat exchange part 21 side.

  Moreover, about the structural member of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus demonstrated in each embodiment, it is possible to combine variously as needed.

  The embodiment disclosed this time is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the scope described above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  The present invention is effectively used in a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a water heat exchanger.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigeration cycle apparatus, 3 Compressor, 5 1st heat exchanger, 7 2nd heat exchanger, 9 Expansion valve, 11 Four way valve, 13 1st solenoid valve, 15 2nd solenoid valve, 17 Check valve, 21 1st 1 water heat exchanger, 22 second water heat exchanger, 24 first refrigerant passage, 25 second refrigerant passage, 26 third refrigerant passage, 27 fourth refrigerant passage, 28 first water passage, 29 second water passage, 31 Bypass passage, 32, 33, Refrigerant passage, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44 Refrigerant piping, 52, 53, 55 Water passage, 58, 59 Water piping, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 Plate plate , 71 opening, 73 seal member, R refrigerant, W water.

Claims (6)

Water having a plurality of refrigerant passages including a first refrigerant passage, a second refrigerant passage, a third refrigerant passage, and a fourth refrigerant passage formed by a plurality of laminated plate plates and extending in a direction in which the plurality of plate plates are laminated. With a heat exchanger,
The plurality of refrigerant passages are connected in series in the order of the first refrigerant passage, the second refrigerant passage, the third refrigerant passage, and the fourth refrigerant passage, and the refrigerant flows inside the plurality of refrigerant passages. ,
The refrigeration cycle apparatus, wherein a direction in which the refrigerant flows through the first refrigerant passage and the third refrigerant passage and a direction in which the refrigerant flows through the second refrigerant passage and the fourth refrigerant passage are reversed. The water heat exchanger comprises a stacked first water heat exchange part and second water heat exchange part,
The first refrigerant passage and the second refrigerant passage are formed in the first water heat exchange section and the second water heat exchange section,
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the third refrigerant passage and the fourth refrigerant passage are not formed in the first water heat exchange section, but are formed in the second water heat exchange section. The plurality of refrigerant passages are:
A fifth refrigerant passage formed in the first water heat exchange section and connecting the first refrigerant passage and the second refrigerant passage;
A sixth refrigerant passage formed in the second water heat exchange section and connecting the third refrigerant passage and the fourth refrigerant passage;
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 2, comprising a bypass passage connecting the second refrigerant passage and the third refrigerant passage. A compressor,
A four-way valve,
A heat exchanger,
An expansion valve;
A first refrigerant pipe connecting the four-way valve and the first refrigerant passage;
A second refrigerant pipe connecting the expansion valve and the fourth refrigerant passage;
A third refrigerant pipe connecting the expansion valve and the heat exchanger;
A fourth refrigerant pipe connecting the heat exchanger and the four-way valve;
A first on-off valve provided in the bypass passage;
A seventh refrigerant passage formed in the first water heat exchange section and connecting the fourth refrigerant passage and the fifth refrigerant passage;
A check valve which is provided in the seventh refrigerant passage and is forwardly directed from the fourth refrigerant passage toward the fifth refrigerant passage;
A fifth refrigerant pipe connecting the third refrigerant passage and the first refrigerant pipe;
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a second on-off valve provided in the fifth refrigerant pipe. The first refrigerant passage is located above the second refrigerant passage;
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the third refrigerant passage is positioned above the fourth refrigerant passage. The water heat exchanger is
A first water passage and a second water passage formed in the first water heat exchange section and the second water heat exchange section, respectively, extending in a direction in which the plurality of plate plates are stacked;
A third water passage formed in the first water heat exchange section and connecting the first water passage and the second water passage;
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising a fourth water passage formed in the second water heat exchange section and connecting the first water passage and the second water passage.

Images