JPWO2017126011A1 - Workpiece processing method, brush for polishing machine and tool holder - Google Patents

Abstract

Deburring and polishing of workpieces is possible in machine tools that do not have the power to rotate the tool directly, but can bring the tool and workpiece into contact with each other while making relative movements. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing method that can be efficiently performed and that can extend the life of a brush to be used. The present invention rotates a brush-like grindstone by moving the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece relative to each other while contacting the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece in a machine tool having no power to rotate the tool. The present invention relates to a processing method for processing a workpiece.

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing method for a workpiece that performs deburring, polishing, etc. of the workpiece while rotating the brush-shaped grindstone with the force generated by the relative movement between the brush-shaped grindstone and the workpiece as a driving force, and The present invention relates to a brush for a polishing machine and a tool holder used therefor.

  Kele is known as one of power transmission mechanisms in machine tools such as lathes and grinders (for example, Patent Document 1). This is intended to transmit the driving force of the rotating object to the rotated object by connecting and fixing the rotating object and the rotated object respectively with a scrape.

  A lathe is a machine tool that performs cutting, polishing, and deburring by rotating a workpiece (hereinafter, also referred to as “workpiece”) while contacting a tool. In lathe machining, the tool is fixed to the tool gripping part and does not rotate. Therefore, a rotary tool is known as a technique for rotating the tool to prevent the tool from being melted by frictional heat (for example, Patent Document 2). This is a technique for rotating the tool by transmitting the rotational driving force of the workpiece to the tool by frictional resistance and releasing the heat of the tool.

JP 2009-274166 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-312010

  In general lathe machining by NC control, the work piece is brought into contact with the work piece while moving the position of the tool having a cutting tool while the work piece is rotated at a fixed position. Is cut into a predetermined shape. After lathe processing, in the deburring process, NC control is applied to a tool having a polishing brush for deburring instead of a cutting tool, and the polishing brush contacts the workpiece while rotating the workpiece. By doing so, it can be considered to deburr. However, in a machine tool such as a lathe that does not have the power to rotate the tool, if the brush is brought into contact with the rotating workpiece, the same part of the brush will continue to hit the workpiece. There is a problem that the polishing effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. In addition, there is a problem that only a part of the brush is extremely worn and the life of the brush is shortened.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of machining a workpiece by bringing the tool and the workpiece into contact with each other while making no relative power, and having the power to rotate the tool directly. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing method capable of efficiently deburring and polishing a workpiece and prolonging the life of a brush to be used.

  The present invention rotates a brush-like grindstone by moving the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece relative to each other while contacting the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece in a machine tool having no power to rotate the tool. The present invention relates to a processing method for processing a workpiece.

  The present invention further includes a portion where the driving force is transmitted by contacting the workpiece on the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone, and a portion where a deburring action is generated by contacting the edge portion of the workpiece. Are preferably different.

  In the present invention, it is further preferable that the relative motion is a motion of a workpiece.

  In the present invention, it is further preferable that the motion of the workpiece is a rotational motion.

  The present invention further rotates the brush-shaped grindstone in the same direction as the rotation direction of the workpiece by bringing the brush-shaped grindstone into contact with the workpiece from the end surface of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece. It is preferable.

  The present invention further rotates the brush-shaped grindstone in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece by bringing the brush-shaped grindstone into contact with the workpiece from the end surface of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece. It is preferable.

  The present invention further provides a work to be performed on the brush-shaped grindstone when a straight line that passes through the center of rotation on the tip surface of the brush-shaped grindstone and is parallel to the direction of the force that the brush-shaped grindstone receives from the workpiece It is preferable to bring the brush-shaped grindstone into contact with the workpiece so that the contact area with the workpiece is non-axisymmetric.

  In the present invention, it is further preferable that the motion of the workpiece is a linear motion.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the relative motion is a revolving motion of a brush-like grindstone.

  In the present invention, it is further preferable that the relative motion is a linear motion of a brush-like grindstone.

  The present invention relates to a brush-shaped grindstone having a linear abrasive and a holder for holding the linear abrasive, and a rotary grip for gripping the brush-shaped grindstone in a rotatable state by supporting the rear end side of the holder. It is related with the brush for grinders characterized by providing the part and the fixing jig for fixing a rotation holding part to a machine tool connected with a rotation holding part.

  The present invention is a tool holder comprising a rotary gripping part for gripping a tool in a rotatable state and a fixing jig for fixing the rotary gripping part to a machine tool, wherein the fixing jig is an axis position adjusting part. And a fixed part fixed to the machine tool, the rotary gripping part is connected to the shaft position adjusting part, the shaft position adjusting part is connected to the fixed part via the connecting part, and the shaft position adjusting part is The present invention relates to a tool holder that is rotatable about the connecting portion and capable of adjusting the position of a rotating shaft of a tool in contact with a workpiece by an axial position adjusting portion.

  According to the processing method of the present invention, the workpiece is processed while rotating the brush-like grindstone using the force generated by the relative movement between the workpiece and the brush-like grindstone as a driving force, thereby obtaining the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece. The contact point with the workpiece is not constant, and the effects of deburring and polishing can be sufficiently obtained. Further, it is possible to prevent only a part of the brush from being extremely worn, and it is possible to extend the life of the brush.

It is a perspective view of the brush for polishers concerning an embodiment of the invention. (A), (b) is the side view of the brush for polishers concerning the embodiment of the present invention, and the figure which looked at the brush for polishers from the opening side of a holder, respectively. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which cut | disconnected FIG.2 (b) by the line segment of XX. It is a perspective view of the brush for polishers concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a perspective view at the time of seeing the brush for polishers concerning an embodiment of the invention from the back side. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the force that the brush-like grindstone 1 receives from the workpiece 20. FIG. It is a schematic diagram showing the cutting amount. It is a schematic diagram showing the part in which the deburring effect | action generate | occur | produces in the brush-shaped grindstone 1, and the part to which a driving force is transmitted from a workpiece. Distribution of the magnitude of the force for rotating the brush-shaped grindstone 1 in the same direction as the rotation direction of the workpiece 20 and the distribution of the magnitude of the force for rotating the brush-shaped grindstone 1 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece 20 It is a schematic diagram which shows. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the to-be-processed object concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the to-be-processed object concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the to-be-processed object concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the to-be-processed object concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the workpiece in the brush-shaped grindstone. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the to-be-processed object concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the to-be-processed object concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the processing method of the to-be-processed object concerning embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments unless it is contrary to the gist of the present invention. In the following embodiments, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are omitted as appropriate.

(Brush for polishing machine)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a brush for a polishing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.2 (a) is a side view which shows an example of the brush for polishers concerning embodiment of this invention, and is a figure showing the internal structure of a rotation holding part. FIG.2 (b) is the figure which looked at the brush for polishers concerning embodiment of this invention from the opening side of the holder. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which FIG. 2B is cut along the line XX. In the present embodiment, the brush 12 for a polishing machine is composed of a brush-like grindstone 1, a rotary gripping portion 7, and a fixing jig 8. The brush-like grindstone 1 includes a linear abrasive 2, a holder 3, and a gripped portion 6. The fixing jig 8 includes an axial position adjusting unit 9 and a fixed part 10.

  The brush-like grindstone 1 has a structure in which the base ends of a plurality of linear abrasives 2 are held by a cylindrical holder 3. The linear abrasive 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of polishing a workpiece, that is, a material having higher hardness and brittleness than the workpiece. It can be appropriately selected depending on the like. Specifically, for example, a silicone resin, a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, and a polyimide resin are collected on an aggregate yarn in which long fibers such as alumina long fiber, glass long fiber, silicon carbide long fiber, or boron long fiber are assembled. , Impregnated with a binder resin such as an unsaturated polyester resin, and cured. For example, when polishing ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals, the long fibers forming the aggregate yarn are preferably alumina long fibers or silicon carbide long fibers because of their excellent abrasiveness to these metals. Note that the aggregate yarn may be formed using two or more types of long fibers.

  The cylindrical holder 3 is open at one end in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, an insertion hole 4 is provided at the end of the holder 3 opposite to the opening side so as to pass through the proximal end side of the linear abrasive 2. The linear abrasive 2 is held by the holder 3 by inserting the base end side of the linear abrasive 2 into the insertion hole 4 and fixing it with an adhesive.

  A support shaft 5 is provided inside the holder 3 so as to extend along the rotation axis from the end opposite to the opening side. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), when the brush-like grindstone 1 of the present embodiment is viewed from the opening side of the holder 3, a plurality of linear abrasives 2 are formed on the inner wall of the holder 3 around the support shaft 5. It is provided along the circumference at regular intervals. The brush-like grindstone 1 of the present embodiment is capable of discharging chips efficiently by providing a certain space between the plurality of linear abrasives 2, and also has an excellent heat dissipation effect. ing. Therefore, deburring and polishing can be performed with high efficiency and high accuracy.

  When the linear abrasive 2 is brought into contact with the workpiece 20, the linear abrasive 2 escapes in the direction of the inner wall of the holder 3 and the direction of the support 5 by the inner wall of the holder 3 and the support shaft 5. Therefore, a difference in bending rigidity is less likely to occur between the inner wall side of the holder 3 and the support shaft 5 side in the linear abrasive material 2. As a result, a difference in the degree of wear hardly occurs between the inner wall side of the holder 3 and the support shaft 5 side in the linear abrasive material 2 and the accuracy of deburring and polishing work tends to be improved.

  A fitting groove is provided at a substantially central part when the end of the holder 3 opposite to the opening side is viewed from the axial direction, and one end of the gripped part 6 is fitted into the fitting groove. Yes. An internal thread groove is provided at the end of the gripped portion 6 opposite to the fitting portion with the holder 3. The gripping part 6 is inserted into a shaft insertion hole provided in the rotary gripping part 7, and the female thread groove of the gripping part 6 is screwed with the bolt, so that the rotary gripping part 7 rotates the brush-like grindstone 1. Hold it as possible. In addition, in this Embodiment, although the to-be-gripped part 6 and the holder 3 are formed so that attachment or detachment is possible, the to-be-gripped part 6 and the holder 3 may be provided integrally, for example.

  The rotary grip 7 is not particularly limited as long as it can grip the brush-like grindstone 1 in a rotatable manner. In order to suppress wear and heat generation of the rotary gripping part 7, it is preferable to have a bearing. For example, a ball bearing, a roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing, or a needle bearing can be used. A ball bearing is preferable from the viewpoint of low rolling resistance and suitable for high-speed rotation. In the present embodiment, a ball bearing is used as the rotary grip portion 7. It is preferable to have a plurality of bearings with respect to the shaft.

  As described above, when the brush-like grindstone 1 is rotatably held by the rotary gripping portion 7, when the brush-like grindstone 1 and the workpiece 20 are brought into contact with each other while being relatively moved, The brush-like grindstone 1 can be rotated using the force generated on the contact surface with the workpiece 20 as a driving force. For example, when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the workpiece 20 that moves such as rotating, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 can be rotated by using the kinetic energy of the workpiece as a driving force. Therefore, when the polishing machine brush 12 of the present embodiment is used as a tool such as a lathe, the brush-like grindstone 1 contacts the work piece while rotating by the kinetic energy of the work piece. In this case, the contact point with the workpiece is not constant, and the effects of deburring and polishing can be sufficiently obtained. Further, when the brush-like grindstone 1 comes into contact with the rotating workpiece, slip occurs at the contact point, and when the brush-like grindstone is rotating, the rotation ratio between the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece is 1. Since it is not 1: 1, an excellent brush effect can be obtained.

  The rotary grip portion 7 is provided with two screw holes at a point-symmetrical position about the shaft portion insertion hole, and is connected to the shaft position adjusting portion 9 by screws. The shaft position adjusting unit 9 is connected to the fixed portion 10 and can be rotated about the connecting portion as an axis. By moving the shaft position adjusting unit 9, the contact location between the linear abrasive 2 and the workpiece can be easily adjusted. An excellent polishing effect can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the contact point between the linear abrasive 2 and the workpiece according to the types of the linear abrasive and the workpiece, the purpose of processing, and the like.

  The fixed part 10 is fixed by a tool holding part 21 of a machine tool. In the present embodiment, the fixed portion 10 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, but is not particularly limited as long as it can be fixed by a tool holder of a machine tool.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a brush for a polishing machine according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the brush for a polishing machine according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the polishing machine brush shown in FIG. 4 when viewed from the back side. The brush for a polishing machine according to the present embodiment does not have an axial position adjusting unit, and the rotary gripping unit 7 is connected to a fixing jig 8. The fixing jig 8 includes a fixed part, and the fixed part is fixed by a tool holding part of a machine tool. Adjustment of the contact point between the linear abrasive 2 and the workpiece is performed by adjusting the position where the fixing jig 8 is fixed to the tool holding part of the machine tool, or by moving the tool holding part of the machine tool. . When the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is rotatably held by the rotary gripping portion 7, when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 and the workpiece 20 are brought into contact with each other while being relatively moved, the workpiece 20 in the brush-shaped grindstone 1 and It is possible to rotate the brush-like grindstone 1 using the force generated on the contact surface as a driving force. For example, when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is brought into contact with a workpiece that moves such as rotating, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 can be rotated using the kinetic energy of the workpiece as a driving force.

(Tool holder)
The tool holder 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a part constituting the polishing machine brush 12 shown in FIG. 1, and is a fixing jig 8 including a rotary gripping portion 7, an axial position adjusting portion 9 and a fixed portion 10. And. The configuration, function, and the like of each part are as described in the section of the brush for a polishing machine.

  In the present embodiment, the tool holder 11 holds the polishing machine brush. However, when cutting, a tool such as a cutting tool is held instead of the polishing machine brush.

(Processing method)
(First embodiment)
The first embodiment according to the machining method of the present invention is a machine tool such as a lathe that does not have power to rotate a tool, and the workpiece is rotated using the brush 12 for a polishing machine as a polishing tool. It is a method of processing a workpiece while. The brush-shaped grindstone 1 is rotated by the rotational force of the workpiece 20 by bringing the brush-shaped grindstone 1 into contact with the end surface of the workpiece from the direction along the rotation axis of the workpiece 20. Process. Since the contact point with the workpiece 20 in the brush-shaped grindstone 1 does not become constant when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 contacts the workpiece 20 while rotating, a sufficient deburring and polishing effect can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to prevent only a part of the brush-like grindstone 1 from being excessively worn and to prolong the life of the brush-like grindstone 1.

  In order to exhibit a deburring and polishing effect by rotating the brush-like grindstone in response to the rotation of the workpiece 20, it is desirable to adjust the cutting amount and the rotation speed of the workpiece so that the brush-like grindstone rotates. . The number of rotations of the workpiece 20 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 rpm or more, and more preferably 1000 rpm or more.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the force that the brush-shaped grindstone 1 receives from the workpiece 20 when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the end surface from the end surface 20 a of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece 20. FIG. Both the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 have a diameter of 20 mm, and the length of the line segment connecting the respective rotation centers of the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 is 10 mm. The wrap rate is 100%. In this specification, the lapping rate is the length of the overlap between the workpiece and the brush-like grindstone on the straight line including the rotation center of the workpiece and the rotation center of the brush-like grindstone. The value divided by the radius.

  In FIG. 6, the workpiece 20 rotates clockwise, and at the point P <b> 1, the brush-like grindstone 1 receives a force F <b> 1 from the workpiece 20 in the tangential direction of the end surface of the workpiece 20. When the force F1 is decomposed into the tangential direction and the normal direction of the outer periphery of the brush-like grindstone 1, the force in the tangential direction can be expressed as the force Ft1, and the force in the normal direction can be expressed as the force Fn1. Similarly, the brush-like grindstone 1 receives the force F2 from the workpiece 20 at the point P2. When the force F2 is decomposed in the tangential direction and the normal direction of the brush-shaped grindstone 1, the force in the tangential direction can be expressed as the force Ft2, and the force in the normal direction can be expressed as the force Fn2. At the point P0 that is the rotation center of the workpiece 20, the force that the brush-like grindstone 1 receives from the workpiece is zero.

  For example, at the point P2, a resistance force Fr generated when the brush-like grindstone 1 rides on the workpiece 20 acts on the brush-like grindstone 1 in the direction opposite to the force Ft2. When the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the rotating workpiece 20, the tangential force Ft2 received from the workpiece 20 by the brush-like grindstone 1 exceeds the resistance force Fr at the point P2, that is, Ft2. In the case of> Fr, the force acts so as to rotate the brush-like grindstone 1 at the point P2. On the other hand, at the point P2, when the tangential force Ft2 received by the brush-like grindstone 1 from the workpiece 20 is lower than the resistance force Fr, that is, when Ft2 <Fr, the brush-like grindstone 1 is rotated at the point P2. The power to make it not work.

  Here, the relationship between the force F received by the brush-like grindstone 1 from the workpiece 20 and the resistance force Fr generated when riding on the point P2 has been described, but the contact surface between the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 is described. In all of the above, a force F received by the brush-like grindstone 1 from the workpiece 20 and a resistance force Fr generated when riding up are generated. Whether the brush-like grindstone 1 rotates or does not rotate depends on the contact surface between the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 and the total tangential force Ft received from the workpiece 20 by the brush-like grindstone 1. It is determined by which one of ΣFt and the total sum ΣFr of the resistance force Fr generated on the contact surface between the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 is increased. When the sum ΣFt of the force Ft in the tangential direction becomes larger than the sum ΣFr of the resistance force Fr, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 rotates, and the sum ΣFt of the force Ft in the tangential direction is larger than the sum ΣFr of the resistance force Fr. When it becomes smaller, the brush-like grindstone 1 does not rotate.

  The resistance force Fr generated when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 rides on the workpiece 20 can be adjusted mainly by the cutting amount of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 into the workpiece 20. If the cutting depth increases, the resistance force Fr also increases. In addition, in this specification, the amount of cutting is the state where the tip of the brush-like grindstone is in contact with the workpiece without applying stress to the brush, and when the brush-like grindstone is further pressed against the workpiece, The amount of movement of the tip of the brush-like grindstone. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state in which the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone is brought into contact with the workpiece, and then the brush-like grindstone is further pressed against the workpiece. In FIG. 7, the length D corresponds to the cutting amount.

  In the present embodiment, when deburring the edge portion of the workpiece 20, the portion where the deburring action occurs in the brush-like grindstone 1 is different from the portion where the driving force is transmitted from the workpiece 20. . FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a portion where the deburring action occurs in the brush-like grindstone 1 and a portion where the driving force is transmitted from the workpiece 20. In FIG. 8, the diameter of the workpiece 20 and the diameter of the brush-like grindstone 1 are the same. The arrow in the figure represents the direction of rotation, the workpiece 20 rotates clockwise, and the brush-like grindstone 1 rotates counterclockwise. In FIG. 8, the part where the deburring action occurs is the point A where the brush-like grindstone 1 rides on the workpiece 20, and the part where the driving force is transmitted from the workpiece 20 to the brush-like grindstone 1 is a The point where the brush-like grindstone 1 is in contact with the end surface 20a of the workpiece, such as the point, the point b, and the point c.

  FIG. 9 shows the magnitude of the force for rotating the brush-shaped grindstone 1 in the same direction as the rotation direction of the workpiece 20 and the magnitude of the force for rotating the brush-shaped grindstone 1 in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece 20. It is a schematic diagram which shows distribution of thickness. In FIG. 9, the diameter of the workpiece 20 and the diameter of the brush-like grindstone are the same, and the workpiece 20 is rotating clockwise. A broken-line curve 31 is an image curve indicating the direction and magnitude distribution of the force acting on the brush-like grindstone 1.

  The curve 31 shows a broken line on the left side of the circumference when a force acts to rotate the brush-like grindstone 1 in the direction A at each point on the circumference connecting P1 and P2 of the brush-like grindstone 1. When a force is applied to draw and rotate the brush-like grindstone 1 in the B direction, a broken line is drawn on the right side of the circumference. In addition, the curve 31 has a curve at a position further away from the circumference of the brush-like grindstone 1 in the horizontal direction as the force to rotate in the A direction or the force to rotate in the B direction increases. It is drawn.

  In FIG. 9, the area of the region sandwiched between the circumference of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the curve 31 outside the circumference of the brush-like grindstone 1 is represented by Ra, and the circumference of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the brush-like grindstone 1 If the area of the region sandwiched between the curves 31 inside the circumference of Rb is Rb, if Ra> Rb, the brush-like grindstone 1 rotates in the A direction, and if Ra <Rb, the brush-like grindstone 1 is Rotate in B direction. If Ra = Rb, the brush-like grindstone 1 does not rotate. When the brush-like grindstone 1 rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the workpiece 20, slip occurs at the contact point between the brush-like grindstone 1 and the workpiece 20, and therefore the rotation of the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone The rotation of 1 is not synchronized, and as a result, the brushing effect can be sufficiently obtained, and the efficiency and accuracy of deburring and polishing operations can be improved. Moreover, when the brush-like grindstone 1 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece 20, the frictional force between the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 can be increased, and the deburring and polishing efficiency can be increased. Can be improved.

  When the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the workpiece 20 from the end surface 20 a of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece 20, the brush-like grindstone 1 rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the workpiece 20. Whether the workpiece 20 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction depends on the magnitude relationship between the diameter of the workpiece 20 and the diameter of the brush-like grindstone 1, the lapping rate, and the cutting depth. For example, when the diameter of the workpiece 20 is the same as the diameter of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the lapping rate is less than 100%, the brush-like grindstone 1 tries to rotate in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece 20, and the lap When the rate is 100%, the brush-like grindstone 1 does not rotate. When the lapping rate exceeds 100%, the brush-like grindstone 1 tries to rotate in the same direction as the rotation direction of the workpiece 20.

  FIG. 10 shows that the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 have the same diameter, the workpiece 20 is rotated clockwise, the lap ratio is 50%, and the workpiece perpendicular to the rotation axis of the workpiece 20 is shown. It is a schematic diagram showing the state which made the brush-shaped grindstone 1 contact the workpiece 20 from the end surface 20a. Further, in FIG. 11, the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 have the same diameter, the workpiece 20 is rotated clockwise, and the lap ratio is 58.58%, which is orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece 20. It is a schematic diagram showing the state which made the brush-shaped grindstone 1 contact the workpiece 20 from the end surface 20a of the workpiece. In these cases, the brush-like grindstone 1 is subjected to a force that causes the workpiece 20 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction (the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece 20). If this force is greater than the sum of the resistance forces Fr generated when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 rides on the workpiece 20, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 rotates counterclockwise. The number of revolutions of the brush-like grindstone 1 can be controlled by the number of revolutions of the workpiece and the cutting depth.

  In FIG. 12, the workpiece 20 and the brush-like grindstone 1 have the same diameter, the workpiece 20 is rotated clockwise, the lapping rate is 150%, and the workpiece perpendicular to the rotation axis of the workpiece 20 is shown. It is a schematic diagram showing the state which made the brush-shaped grindstone 1 contact the workpiece 20 from the end surface 20a. In this case, the brush-like grindstone 1 is subjected to a force to rotate the workpiece 20 in the clockwise direction (the same direction as the workpiece rotation direction) by the rotation of the workpiece 20. If this force is greater than the sum of the resistance forces Fr generated when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 rides on the workpiece 20, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 rotates in the clockwise direction. The number of revolutions of the brush-like grindstone 1 can be controlled by the number of revolutions of the workpiece 20 and the cutting depth.

(Second embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the method of processing the brush-like grindstone 1 in contact with the end surface 20a of the workpiece from the direction along the rotation axis of the workpiece 20 has been described. In the embodiment, a method of processing the brush-like grindstone 1 by bringing it into contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece will be described. In the processing method according to the second embodiment, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is rotated by bringing the brush-shaped grindstone 1 into contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece to be rotated, so that the burrs existing on the side surface 20b of the workpiece. And remove irregularities.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the state in which the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece as viewed from the side surface side. In the second embodiment, the shape of the workpiece 20 to be processed is not particularly limited. For example, a cylindrical workpiece 20 can be used as shown in FIG. The workpiece 20 rotates about the rotation axis W. In FIG. 13, the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the side surface 20b of the workpiece are not parallel (that is, the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the tangent plane of the side surface 20b of the workpiece are not parallel). As described above, only a part of the front end surface is in contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece so that the front end surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 is inclined with respect to the side surface 20b of the workpiece. In FIG. 13, the work piece 20 is rotated in the near side direction or the depth side direction, and in the front end direction or the depth side direction on the left end portion of the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1. When the kinetic energy is given, the brush-like grindstone 1 rotates. In this case, the side surface 20b can be polished over a wide range by changing the position of the side surface 20b of the workpiece 20 in contact with the brush-like grindstone 1.

  On the other hand, FIG. 14 is a schematic view when the state in which the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece is viewed from the end surface side of the workpiece. In FIG. 14, the workpiece 20 has a cylindrical shape and rotates about the rotation axis W. In FIG. 14, the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the side surface 20 b of the workpiece are parallel (that is, the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the tangent plane of the side surface 20 b of the workpiece are parallel). As described above, the tip end surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is in contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece and the edge portion of the end surface 20a, and the end portion closest to the tip surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is the workpiece 20. Only a part of the tip surface is in contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece so as not to contact with the workpiece. In FIG. 14, the workpiece 20 rotates clockwise, and the kinetic energy is given in the right direction to the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 that is in contact with the side surface 20 b of the workpiece, whereby the brush The shaped whetstone 1 rotates. When removing burrs present on the edge portion of the side surface 20b of the workpiece as shown in FIG. 14, the portion where the deburring action occurs is a point where the brush-like grindstone 1 rides on the side surface 20b of the workpiece, The portion where the driving force is transmitted from the object 20 to the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is a point where the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is in contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece.

  When the workpiece 20 is cylindrical, the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the side surface 20b of the workpiece are parallel (that is, the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the side surface of the workpiece). When the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece, the entire front end surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 is in contact with the side surface 20b. The brush-like grindstone 1 does not rotate. In order for the brush-shaped grindstone 1 to rotate, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the tip surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 and the side surface 20b of the workpiece are not in parallel with each other, or Even if the tip surface of the grindstone 1 and the side surface 20b of the workpiece are in contact with each other, only a part of the tip surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is in contact with the side surface 20b of the workpiece. It becomes a condition. That is, in order to rotate the brush-like grindstone 1 by the movement of the workpiece 20, the rotation passes through the center of rotation at the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and is parallel to the direction of the force that the brush-like grindstone receives from the workpiece. When a straight line is defined as an axis of symmetry, the condition is that the contact surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 with the workpiece 20 is non-axisymmetric with respect to the axis of symmetry.

(Third embodiment)
In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the processing method in the case where the workpiece 20 rotates is described. However, in the third embodiment, the workpiece 20 is fixed and brushed. A processing method when the grindstone 1 revolves will be described.

  FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment according to the processing method of the present invention. In FIG. 15, the workpiece 20 is fixed. The brush rotation mechanism 13 and one end of the shaft 14 are coupled so as to be rotatable about the longitudinal direction of the shaft 14 as a rotation axis. The other end of the shaft 14 is connected to the fixed part 10 of the polishing machine brush through the connecting part 15. The other structure of the brush for polishing machines is as described above. In the third embodiment according to the processing method of the present invention, the brush rotating mechanism 13 rotates the shaft 14 and transmits the rotational force from the shaft 14 to the fixed portion 10, thereby connecting the connecting portion 15 to the revolution shaft. As shown in FIG. While rotating the brush-shaped grindstone 1, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the edge portion of the workpiece 20 to rotate the brush-shaped grindstone 1 along the rotation axis of the brush-shaped grindstone 1. 20 can be processed. Since the contact point with the workpiece 20 in the brush-shaped grindstone 1 does not become constant when the brush-shaped grindstone 1 contacts the workpiece 20 while rotating, a sufficient deburring and polishing effect can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to prevent only a part of the brush-like grindstone 1 from being excessively worn and to prolong the life of the brush-like grindstone 1.

  The brush rotating mechanism 13 is not particularly limited as long as it can rotate the shaft 14. For example, a known motor such as a motor with a brush, a brushless motor, or a stepping motor can be used.

(Fourth embodiment)
The fourth embodiment of the present invention is a method of processing the workpiece 22 using the polishing machine brush 12 as a polishing tool while linearly moving the workpiece 22.

  FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a processing method according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 16 is a view when the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the workpiece 22 that moves linearly, and FIG. 16A is a view seen from the direction in which the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact. 16 (b) is a view as seen from a direction perpendicular to the direction. In the fourth embodiment, the shape of the workpiece 22 to be processed is not particularly limited. For example, a rectangular parallelepiped workpiece 22 can be used as shown in FIG. The workpiece 22 moves linearly in the left direction. 16A and 16B, the tip surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 and the upper surface of the workpiece 22 are parallel (that is, the tip surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 and the upper surface of the workpiece 22 are aligned). The edge portion formed by the side parallel to the direction in which the workpiece 22 linearly moves on the upper surface of the workpiece 22 and the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 are in contact with each other so that the tangent plane is parallel to the tangential plane. In this way, only a part of the front end surface is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece 22. In FIG. 16B, the front side end portion of the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 is not in contact with the workpiece 22. In FIG. 15, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 is rotated by applying kinetic energy in the leftward direction to the contact portion of the tip surface of the brush-shaped grindstone 1 with the workpiece 22. The workpiece 22 may be linearly moved in only one direction, or may be reciprocated left and right. Since the workpiece 22 moves linearly so as to reciprocate the place where the brush-like grindstone 1 is provided, the deburring effect can be improved.

  The contact method between the workpiece 22 and the brush-like grindstone 1 is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of increasing the rotational force of the brush-like grindstone and improving the deburring effect, the rotation center on the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone is determined. When the axis of symmetry is a straight line parallel to the direction of the force that the brush-like grindstone receives from the workpiece 22, the contact area of the brush-like grindstone with the workpiece is preferably axisymmetric. .

  The brush-like grindstone 1 is gripped by a tool holder 11 including a rotary gripping portion 7 and a fixing jig 8. The method for fixing the tool holder 11 to the machine tool is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include screwing the tool holder 11 to the machine tool.

  The workpiece 22 is machined by bringing the brush-like grindstone 1 into contact with the workpiece 22 that linearly moves and rotating the brush-like grindstone 1 with the force received from the workpiece 22. Since the contact point with the workpiece 22 in the brush-like grindstone 1 is not constant, the effect of deburring and polishing can be sufficiently obtained, and only a part of the brush-like grindstone 1 is extremely worn. It is possible to extend the life of the brush-like grindstone 1.

  In order to exhibit the deburring and polishing effect by rotating the brush-like grindstone in response to the linear motion of the workpiece 22, the cutting amount and the linear motion speed of the workpiece are adjusted so that the brush-like grindstone rotates. It is desirable. The speed of the linear motion in the workpiece 22 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 m / min or more, and more preferably 20 m / min or more.

  The processing method according to the fourth embodiment uses, for example, a linear motion when transporting the workpiece 22 to rotate the brush-like grindstone 1 when the workpiece 22 is transported. Can be taken. Also, when the workpiece 22 is reciprocated by a ball screw linear motion unit having a drive source such as a servo motor, the brush-like grindstone 1 is rotated using the linear motion of the workpiece 22, Deburring is possible.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the fourth embodiment, the processing method when the workpiece 20 moves linearly has been described. However, in the fifth embodiment, the workpiece 20 is fixed and the brush-like grindstone 1 moves linearly. The processing method will be described.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a fifth embodiment according to the processing method of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a view when the brush-like grindstone 1 is brought into contact with the fixed workpiece 22 while linearly moving. In FIG. 17, the ball screw linear motion unit 16 includes a servo motor 17 and a slide block 18. The brush-like grindstone 1 is rotatably held by a rotary holding portion (not shown), and the rotary holding portion is connected to the slide block 18. In FIG. 17, the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the upper surface of the workpiece 22 are parallel (that is, the tangent plane of the tip-like surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 and the upper surface of the workpiece 22 is parallel). As described above, the tip of the tip surface of the workpiece 22 is brought into contact with the edge portion formed by the side parallel to the direction in which the brush-like grindstone 1 linearly moves on the upper surface of the workpiece 22. Only the part is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece 22. In FIG. 17, the left end portion of the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone 1 is not in contact with the workpiece 22. In FIG. 17, the brush-shaped grindstone 1 linearly moves in the direction of the arrow in the figure using the servo motor 16 as a drive source, so that the brush-shaped grindstone 1 has a brush-like shape at the contact portion with the workpiece 22. Energy for rotating the grindstone 1 counterclockwise is given, and the brush-shaped grindstone 1 rotates. The brush-like grindstone 1 may be linearly moved in only one direction or may be reciprocated. Since the brush-like grindstone 1 moves linearly so as to reciprocate the edge portion of the workpiece 22, the deburring effect can be improved. In addition, although not shown in the figure, the rotary gripping part may be connected to the fixing jig, and the fixing jig and the slide block 18 may be connected.

Example 1
Using a workpiece with a diameter of 100 mm and a brush-like grindstone with a diameter of 100 mm, the end surface of the workpiece and the brush shape while changing the lapping rate under the conditions of a cutting depth of 0.1 mm and a rotation speed of the workpiece of 2000 rpm The grindstone was brought into contact. The rotating direction of the brush-like grindstone at each lapping rate and the polishing effect on the workpiece were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the W diameter indicates the diameter of the workpiece, and the B diameter indicates the diameter of the brush-like grindstone. “○” indicates a case where there is a deburring / polishing effect on the end surface of the workpiece and its edge portion, and “NA” indicates that the brush-like grindstone acts on the end surface of the workpiece and its edge portion. In other words, it indicates that there was no deburring / polishing effect, and “x” indicates that the brush-shaped grindstone did not rotate.

(Examples 2 and 3)
The end surface of the workpiece and the brush-like grindstone were brought into contact with each other in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the diameter of the workpiece and the diameter of the brush-like grindstone were changed as shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the evaluation of the rotating direction of the brush-like grindstone at each lapping rate and the deburring / polishing effect on the workpiece.

(Examples 4 and 5)
The end face of the workpiece and the brush-like grindstone were brought into contact with each other in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the diameter of the workpiece and the diameter of the brush-like grindstone were changed as shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows the evaluation of the rotating direction of the brush-like grindstone at each lapping rate and the polishing effect on the workpiece. In addition, the highest lapping rate in Example 4 is 120%, and the highest lapping rate in Example 5 is 50%. In both cases, the entire brush-like grindstone is inside the workpiece as viewed from above. It is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brush-like grindstone 2 Linear abrasive 3 Holder 4 Insertion hole 5 Support shaft 6 Grasping part 7 Rotation gripping part 8 Fixing jig 9 Axial position adjustment part 10 Fixed part 11 Tool holder 12 Brush for polishing machine 13 Brush rotation mechanism 14 Shaft 15 Connecting part 16 Ball screw linear motion unit 17 Servo motor 18 Slide block 20 Work piece 20a Work piece end face 20b Work piece side face 21 Tool holding part (machine tool)
22 Workpiece

Claims (12)

In a machine tool having no power for rotating a tool, the brush-like grindstone is rotated by causing the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece to move relative to each other while the brush-like grindstone and the workpiece are in contact with each other. A processing method for processing a workpiece. On the tip surface of the brush-like grindstone, the portion where the driving force is transmitted by contacting the workpiece is different from the portion where the deburring action occurs by contacting the edge portion of the workpiece. The processing method according to claim 1. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the relative motion is a motion of a workpiece. The processing method according to claim 3, wherein the motion of the workpiece is a rotational motion. The brush-shaped grindstone is rotated in the same direction as the rotation direction of the workpiece by bringing the brush-shaped grindstone into contact with the workpiece from the end surface of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece. Item 5. The processing method according to Item 4. Claims characterized in that the brush-shaped grindstone is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the workpiece by bringing the brush-shaped grindstone into contact with the workpiece from the end surface of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis of the workpiece. Item 5. The processing method according to Item 4. The contact surface of the brush-shaped grinding wheel with the workpiece when a straight line that passes through the center of rotation on the tip of the brush-shaped grinding wheel and is parallel to the direction of the force that the brush-shaped grinding wheel receives from the workpiece is defined as the symmetry axis The processing method according to claim 4, wherein the brush-shaped grindstone is brought into contact with the workpiece so as to be non-axisymmetric with respect to the symmetry axis. The processing method according to claim 3, wherein the motion of the workpiece is a linear motion. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the relative motion is a revolving motion of a brush-like grindstone. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the relative motion is a linear motion of a brush-like grindstone. A brush-like grindstone having a linear abrasive and a holder for holding the linear abrasive;
By supporting the rear end side of the holder, a rotary gripping part that grips the brush-like grindstone in a rotatable state;
A polishing machine brush characterized by comprising a fixing jig connected to a rotary gripping part and fixing the rotary gripping part to a machine tool. A rotary gripper for gripping the tool in a rotatable state;
A tool holder comprising a fixing jig for fixing the rotary gripping part to the machine tool,
The fixing jig has a shaft position adjusting portion and a fixed portion fixed to the machine tool,
The rotation gripping part is connected to the shaft position adjustment part, the shaft position adjustment part is connected to the fixed part via the connection part, and the shaft position adjustment part is rotatable about the connection part. A tool holder that can adjust the position of the rotation axis of the tool that comes into contact with the workpiece.

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