JPWO2016002256A1 - Eddy current sorting apparatus and eddy current sorting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The eddy current sorting device includes a magnetic rotating disk (1) in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction by alternately reversing the polarity, and a pallet (2) arranged at a distance from the magnetic rotating disk. A drive unit (14) whose rotating shaft is attached to the magnetic field rotating disk, a supply unit (3) for holding the object to be sorted and supplying a specified amount of the object to be sorted to the pallet, and two A recovery unit (4), a magnetic rotating disk (1), and a drive unit for recovering an object to be sorted supplied from the supply unit to the pallet when the state is changed from a closed state to an open state. (14), a control unit (30) for controlling the supply unit (3) and the discharge unit (4), a first step of supplying a predetermined amount of the object to be sorted to the pallet from the supply unit, and a first step After a certain time has elapsed after the completion of the process, the second process for bringing the discharge part from the closed state to the open state, and the third process for returning the discharge part to the closed state after the completion of the second process. And execute, when the third step is completed, it executes the first step to the third step again.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus and a sorting method, and more particularly to an eddy current sorting apparatus that sorts a conductive material using a rotating magnetic field.

  A number of methods have already been proposed for selecting conductive materials (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5). One of them is a sorting method using eddy current. As the eddy current sorting apparatus, there are known a permanent magnet system for rotating a magnet at a high speed and an AC electromagnet system for sequentially applying an alternating current to a coil. In either method, an alternating magnetic field is applied to the conductive material, an eddy current is generated inside the conductive material, and the conductor is selected by the interaction between the current and the magnetic field. A propulsive force based on electromagnetic force is generated in the conductor.

  Representative examples of the permanent magnet method include a flight distance difference selection method using a rotating cylindrical magnet and a rotating disk magnet method in which a rotating disk magnet is arranged at the lower part of the table. In the flight distance difference sorting method, the mixture to be sorted (or the object to be sorted) is moved to the vicinity of the rotating cylindrical magnet by a vibrating table or a conveyor, and an eddy current due to an alternating magnetic field is generated in the conductive material. The conductive material receives a driving force generated by the eddy current and is selected in order to obtain a flight distance larger than that of the non-conductive material (see, for example, Patent Document 6).

  On the other hand, in the rotating disk magnet method, the mixture to be sorted is moved on the table, and during that time, the rotating disk-shaped magnet placed at the lower part of the table applies a propulsive force due to eddy current in a direction different from the moving direction. give. A plurality of magnets are fixed to the rotating disk-shaped magnet. In this method, the non-conductive material that does not generate eddy current moves linearly at the table end, whereas the conductive material moves to the side by the propulsive force caused by the eddy current, and the opposite end of the table. Move to. The mixture to be sorted is sorted while sliding or rolling on the plate, and sorted by receiving separately on the downstream side of the table (see, for example, Patent Document 7).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-140953 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-48343 JP 59-32958 JP 7-163903 A Special Table 2000-510764 Japanese Patent No. 3366620 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-111459

  The propulsive force generated in the conductive material in the mixture to be sorted becomes smaller as the size of the conductive material becomes smaller due to the characteristics of eddy current sorting. Therefore, the driving force generated in a small-sized conductive material such as a thin copper wire of about 0.2 to 0.6 mmφ is very small. In addition, the propulsive force due to eddy current is significantly affected by the distance between the conductive material and the magnet surface, and the propulsive force is greatly reduced only by the distance of several millimeters.

  In the flight distance difference selection method, the time for the distance between the magnet and the conductive material to approach is limited to a short time at the start of flight when approaching the rotating cylindrical magnet. Therefore, it is possible to select a large-sized conductive material that can obtain a large driving force, even with a short driving force, but a small-sized conductive material that can obtain a relatively small driving force reduces the flight distance and selects it. Becomes difficult. Also, even with conductive materials of the same material, the propulsive force and the movement at the start of flight differ depending on the shape and dimensions, resulting in variations in flight distance. Not suitable for purity screening.

  In the rotating disk magnet method, even when trying to select a conductive material with a small size, because the resulting driving force is small, the amount of movement to the side is small, conductive material and non-conductive material are mixed, Cannot be sorted to high purity. In the rotating disk magnet method, in order to increase the amount of movement of the conductive material having a small driving force and improve the sorting purity, it is considered effective to take a long time to apply the driving force to the conductive material. However, when the mixed material is selected while being fed in the radial direction of the rotating disk-shaped magnet, it is necessary to increase the radius of the rotating disk-shaped magnet or reduce the feed rate if a propulsive force is applied for a long time.

  Increasing the radius of the rotating disk-shaped magnet increases the size of the apparatus and limits the installation location of the apparatus, and reducing the feed rate sacrifices the throughput. In addition, since the conductive material and the non-conductive material move together on the table and are sorted, the non-conductive material moves to the conductive material side during the sorting process, so that the sorting purity decreases. . In order to avoid this, when the method of tilting the table for moving the material to the side is taken, it leads to hindering the movement of the conductive material to the side.

  From the above, it has been difficult to sort a conductive material having a small size with high purity by using an eddy current sorting apparatus such as a flying distance difference sorting method or a rotating disk magnet method. The present invention has been made in order to solve the problem of such sorting technology, and has an object to sort a conductive material having a small size such as a crushed copper wire with high purity.

  The eddy current sorting apparatus of the present invention includes a magnetic field rotating disk in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction by alternately reversing the polarity, a pallet arranged at a distance from the magnetic field rotating disk, and a rotation Closed with a drive unit whose shaft is attached to the rotating magnetic disk, a supply unit for holding the object to be sorted and supplying a specified amount of the object to be sorted to the pallet, and two collection containers And a control unit for controlling the magnetic field rotating disk, the drive unit, the supply unit and the discharge unit. A first step of supplying a specified amount of the object to be sorted from the supply unit to the pallet; a second step of setting the discharge unit from the closed state to the open state after a predetermined time has elapsed after the completion of the first step; After the completion of the two steps, the third step of returning the discharge part to the closed state is performed, When 3 step is completed, and executes a from the first step to the third step again.

  The eddy current sorting apparatus according to the present invention having the above-described configuration and operation can sort a small-sized conductive material such as a crushed copper wire with high purity.

It is sectional drawing which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the magnetic field rotation disc by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the selection operation | movement by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the force which the electroconductive material by Embodiment 2 of this invention receives It is a perspective view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 8 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 9 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 10 of this invention. It is a side view which shows the discharge part by Embodiment 10 of this invention. It is a side view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 11 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 12 of this invention. It is a top view which shows that the pallet is swinging. It is a figure which shows a mode that a to-be-sorted object is isolate | separated by the swing of a pallet. It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between a pallet and a rotating brush. It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between a palette and a brush. It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between a pallet and an air nozzle. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 13 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 14 of this invention.

  An eddy current sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the sizes and scales of the corresponding components are independent. For example, when the same components that are not changed are illustrated in cross-sectional views in which a part of the configuration is changed, the sizes and scales of the same components may be different. In addition, the configuration of the eddy current sorting apparatus actually includes a plurality of members, but for the sake of simplicity, only the portions necessary for the description are shown, and the other portions are omitted.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The eddy current sorting apparatus 100 includes a magnetic field rotating disk 1, a pallet 2, a supply unit 3, a discharge unit 4, a drive unit 14, a detector 25, a control unit 30, and the like. The drive unit 14 includes a rotary shaft 8, a bearing 9, a drive motor 10, a coupling 11, and the like, and is fixed to the magnetic field rotating disk 1. The object to be sorted is once held and stored in the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3, and then put into the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a. Thereafter, the mixture to be sorted is sorted into a conductive material and a non-conductive material by the pallet 2, and sorted and stored in the discharge unit 4. The annular disk 6 has a recess. An annular yoke plate 7 is fixed to the concave portion of the disk 6, and a permanent magnet 5 (neodymium magnet) is fixed thereon. The discharge unit 4 includes a collection container 4a, a discharge chute 4b, an on-off valve 4c, and the like.

  The magnetic field rotating disk 1 is attached to the rotating shaft 8 of the driving unit 14. The rotary shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 9 and is connected to a drive motor 10 by a coupling 11 or a timing belt. The rotation of the drive motor 10 is transmitted to the disk 6 through the coupling 11. The pallet 2 includes a thin plate-like bottom plate 12 and an outer edge portion 13 surrounding the bottom plate 12. The pallet 2 is disposed on the magnetic rotating disk 1 with a slight gap of about 1 to 2 mm from the surface of the permanent magnet 5. The pallet 2 and the collection container 4a are connected by a discharge chute 4b. An open / close valve 4c is installed between the pallet 2 and the discharge chute 4b so that the use state of the collection container 4a of the discharge unit 4 can be set to an open state and a closed state. The control unit 30 analyzes the image detected by the detector 25 and determines the classification degree of the object to be sorted. The control unit 30 further gives instructions to the pallet 2, the supply unit 3, the discharge unit 4, and the drive unit 14 based on the determination result to control the operation.

  FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the eddy current sorting apparatus 100. The magnetic field rotating disk 1 is coupled to the drive motor of the drive unit 14 and rotates clockwise when viewed from the top. The supply unit 3 intermittently throws the objects to be sorted into the end of the pallet 2 in a thin and straight line so as not to overlap as much as possible. The discharge unit 4 has a function of collecting the material on the pallet without leakage. Specifically, there are a function of tilting the pallet 2, a function of vibrating and discharging the pallet 2, a function of scraping the material inside the pallet, and the like, but any method can be used. The objects to be sorted stored in the supply unit 3 are supplied to the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a. The input objects to be sorted are separated into the conductive material 22 and the non-conductive material 23 in the pallet 2 as time elapses. The classification status of the objects to be sorted is monitored using the detector 25. When the control unit 30 determines that the sorting degree of the object to be sorted is good from the image detected by the detector 25 or when a predetermined sorting time has elapsed after the material is supplied, the discharging unit 4 The on-off valve 4c is opened. The conductive material 22 and the non-conductive material 23 pass through the discharge chute 4b and are stored in a separated state in the collection container 4a of the discharge unit 4. Two collection containers 4a are installed to separate the conductive material and the non-conductive material.

  FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the magnetic field rotating disk 1. The permanent magnets 5 are radially arranged in the recesses of the aluminum alloy disc 6 so that the magnetic poles alternate in the circumferential direction. An annular yoke plate 7 is fixed to the concave portion of the disc 6. The member that approaches the vicinity of the magnet in the pallet is made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. In particular, the thin plate-like bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 is made of a material having high rigidity such as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics). A rotating shaft 8 is inserted into the center of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and is connected to the drive unit 14. The control unit 30 gives a rotation instruction to the drive unit 14 when necessary. The magnetic field rotating disk 1 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the drive motor 10. The conductive material 22 is gray and the non-conductive material 23 is white.

  The device of the present invention has the basic configuration as described above. As shown in FIG. 4 (FIGS. 4A to 4D), the sorting operation by this apparatus is performed as follows. First, the object to be sorted 24, which is a mixture of a conductive material and a non-conductive material, is put into the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 (see FIG. 4A). Specifically, the conductive material is a non-ferrous metal whose outer dimensions are crushed and divided into several mm to several tens of mm, such as crushed copper wire and aluminum pieces with a diameter of about 0.2 mm or more, and the non-conductive material is plastic pieces, It refers to crushed rubber, powder, sand, etc. When the supply lane 3a is opened or lowered, the objects to be sorted 24 are arranged linearly in the radial direction of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 from the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 to one side (input side 2a) of the pallet 2. A fixed amount is input.

  When the charging is finished, the supply lane 3a is closed or raised (see FIG. 4B). An alternating magnetic field in which magnetic poles are switched at a high speed is applied from the magnetic field rotating disk 1 rotating at the lower part of the pallet 2 to the input target object 24. An eddy current is generated inside the conductive material in the object to be sorted by an alternating magnetic field, and an electromagnetic force is generated between the magnetic material rotating disk 1 and the conductive material. This acts as a driving force, and the conductive material moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2, which is the moving direction of the permanent magnet 5, (the anti-throwing side 2b). The non-conductive material does not generate an eddy current in the inside thereof, so that no driving force is generated. In this state, the control unit 30 determines that the classification degree of the selection target object is insufficient.

  Even in a conductive material having a small size and only a small driving force, the inside of the pallet 2 moves little by little over time, and moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2 (the opposite side 2b) (see FIG. 4C). . On the other hand, the non-conductive material does not move from the place where it is put in because no eddy current is generated inside. The propulsive force is applied to a conductive material with a small size that cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material. The classification proceeds until the control unit 30 determines that the classification degree is good. Therefore, the conductive material and the non-conductive material are separated with high purity in the pallet 2 over time. In this state, the control unit 30 determines that the classification degree of the selection target object is good.

  Next, the control unit 30 opens the on-off valve 4c to open the collection container 4a of the discharge unit 4 (see FIG. 4D). In the open state, the pallet 2 and the collection container 4a are communicated with each other by a discharge chute 4b. The separated conductive material and non-conductive material are stored in a separated state in the collection container 4a through the discharge chute 4b. Finally, the separated conductive material and non-conductive material are respectively recovered from the recovery container 4a, thereby completing one cycle of sorting. Thereafter, returning to FIG. 4A, a new mixture to be sorted is again fed from the supply unit 3 to the pallet 2, and sorting in the next cycle starts.

  As described above, the time for applying the driving force to the conductive material can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the time from when the material is charged to the pallet until the material is discharged. Since there is only one bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 between the conductive material 22 and the permanent magnet 5, and the distance is constant, no matter where the material moves in the pallet, The same level of driving force can be given. Accordingly, the propulsive force can be applied to a conductive material that is small in size and cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material.

  The present embodiment is a method in which only the conductive material is moved in a batch manner, instead of sorting the objects to be sorted while feeding them in the radial direction of the magnetic field rotating disk 1. Since only the conductive material is moved and sorted, there is a merit that the non-conductive material moves to the conductive material side during the sorting process and is less likely to be mixed. For these reasons, a conductive material having a small size such as a thin copper wire having a diameter of about 0.2 to 0.6 mm can obtain an effect that high-purity selection from a non-conductive material is possible. In order to improve the processing amount, it is not necessary to increase the size of the magnetic field rotating disk 1, and there is an advantage that it can be dealt with by increasing the number of pallets 2 combined with one magnetic field rotating disk 1 as necessary.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is configured such that the rotating shaft 8 is inclined and the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the pallet 2 are both inclined in the same direction. The upper surface of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the horizontal surface (bottom plate 12) of the pallet 2 are inclined in the direction in which the driving force acts. When the pallet 2 is installed horizontally, it is necessary to overcome the frictional force in order for the conductive material to slide on the bottom plate of the pallet 2 by the driving force.

  According to the configuration according to the second embodiment, due to the inclination of the pallet, the gravitational force acts in the direction in which the driving force acts on the object to be sorted. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the frictional force to be overcome by the conductive material is apparently reduced, and it is possible to select a material having a small size that generates only a small driving force. In this configuration, when the friction coefficient of the non-conductive material is larger than that of the conductive material, the non-conductive material can be sorted together with the difference in friction force, and higher sorting ability is expected.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is arranged such that the rotating shaft 8 of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the horizontal surface of the pallet 2 are inclined to the opposite side to the direction in which the driving force acts. At this time, the inclination angle at which the nonconductive material slides down is set by the inclination of the pallet 2. In the figure, the magnetic field rotating disk 1 rotates counterclockwise. According to this configuration, the non-conductive material slides or rolls on the pallet 2 and moves to the lower part, whereas the conductive material is held at the upper end portion of the pallet 2 by the propulsive force to perform selection. . When the friction coefficient of the non-conductive material is smaller than that of the conductive material, the selection can be performed using the difference in the friction coefficient. Further, it is also effective when the non-conductive material has a shape that is easier to roll than the conductive material.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIG. The magnetic field rotating disk 1 of the eddy current sorting device is arranged above the pallet 2 in such a direction that the surface of the permanent magnet 5 appears in the lower part. For this reason, the magnet side 1a of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 faces downward, and the yoke side 1b faces upward. Usually, when a propulsive force is applied by one magnetic field rotating disk 1, a force in the translational direction and a force in the rotational direction are generated as the propulsive force. According to this configuration, the direction in which the conductive material tries to roll on the pallet by the rotational force is the same as the direction of the force in the translational direction, so that selection is performed using the rotational force in addition to the force in the translational direction. be able to. Therefore, it is effective for selecting a conductive material that is easy to roll.

Embodiment 5. FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the thickness of the bottom plate increases from the input side toward the non-input side. For example, in the eddy current sorting apparatus 100, as shown in the figure, the thickness of the bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 is increased near the outer edge portion 13 on the opposite side. When the conductive materials having different sizes and shapes are simultaneously selected, the driving force generated in the conductive material varies. When setting the device to a conductive material with a small thrust, the speed of the conductive material with a large thrust to be selected at the same time becomes higher than necessary, and it strongly collides with the outer edge 13 of the pallet and rebounds, It is possible to influence the material to be sorted. According to this configuration, when the speed of the conductive material is increased in the pallet 2, the distance between the permanent magnet 5 and the conductive material is increased in the thickened region of the bottom plate 12, and the driving force is reduced. Do not collide strongly. Therefore, it is effective when selecting a material to be selected in which conductive materials having different driving forces are mixed due to variations in dimensions.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 6 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the thickness of the bottom plate increases at a constant rate from the input side to the non-input side. For example, in the eddy current sorting apparatus 100, as shown in the figure, the angle between the surface of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 12 is inclined from a parallel plane. Three recovery containers 4a are provided. According to this configuration, the propulsive force decreases as the distance between the surface of the permanent magnet 5 and the conductive material increases, and thus the propulsive force gradually decreases as the conductive material moves through the pallet. Therefore, a material having a large size or a large electrical conductivity has a longer distance to travel through the pallet, whereas a distance by which a material having a small size or a small electrical conductivity can move is small. By collecting this in the discharge section 4 having a plurality of discharge ports, the object to be sorted can be sorted in a plurality of stages according to the electrical conductivity and size of the material.

Embodiment 7 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The eddy current sorting apparatus 100 applies vibration to the pallet 2 as shown in the figure. Specifically, while the material to be sorted exists on the pallet, a minute vibration is applied in the out-of-plane direction using the ultrasonic vibrator 20. Alternatively, a relatively large vibration is intermittently applied by a motor with an eccentric weight. According to this configuration, the former has a short time for the object to be sorted to touch the pallet 2, and the frictional force is reduced. As a result, it is possible to select a small-sized conductive material that produces only a small driving force. In the latter case, when a non-conductive material exists in front of the conductive material and the movement is hindered, the positional relationship between the two can be shifted and the selection can be continued.

Embodiment 8 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is attached to a pallet with a lid 21 that shuts off the inside and outside of the pallet when sorting. The lid 21 is configured to open only when the object to be sorted is input from the supply unit and when the separated material is delivered to the discharge unit. And According to this configuration, the object to be sorted does not jump out of the pallet during sorting. In addition, disturbances applied to the material to be sorted from the outside of the pallet, such as the influence of the airflow generated by the rotation of the magnetic rotating disk at the bottom of the pallet, can be reduced.

Embodiment 9 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 9 will be described with reference to FIG. The magnetic field rotating disk 1 is disposed at the lower part of the pallet 2 and the auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk 17 is disposed at the upper part of the pallet 2. The auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk 17 is disposed above the pallet with the magnet side 1a facing downward. At this time, the upper and lower magnetic field rotating disks are connected to the same rotating shaft 8 and are rotated in synchronism so that the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 5 facing each other are always reversed. That is, the auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk 17 shares the rotating shaft 8 with the magnetic field rotating disk 1, and the opposite permanent magnets have opposite polarities. According to this configuration, there is an advantage that the magnetic flux density in the pallet becomes higher and the driving force in the translation direction becomes larger than when a single magnetic field rotating disk is used.

Embodiment 10 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 14, the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 has a plurality of pallets 2 arranged for a set of magnetic field rotating disks 1, a supply unit 3, and a discharge unit 4. In this example, six pallets 2 are connected to a pallet driving ring 18 via a pallet tilt shaft 19 and arranged side by side in an annular shape. The objects to be sorted are supplied from the supply unit 3 to the pallet 2 at the input position through the supply lane 3a. In the figure, the pallet that has reached the 5 o'clock direction is in the loading position. The pallet in the loading position overlaps with the supply lane 3a. By rotating the pallet driving ring 18 using the pallet driving motor 15, the pallet 2 is rotated at a low speed around the upper portion of the magnetic field rotating disk 1. The pallet driving method may be any method that moves a plurality of pallets, such as a method of attaching a cam follower to the pallet and moving it on the rail.

  The control unit 30 determines the classification degree of the objects to be sorted in a plurality of pallets. When it is determined that the sorting degree of the object to be sorted is good in any pallet, or when a certain sorting time has elapsed, when the pallet reaches the discharging position, the discharging unit is instructed to open. At the discharge position, the pallet 2 and the discharge unit 4 overlap. In the figure, the rightmost pallet in the 3 o'clock direction has reached the discharge position. An example of the discharge unit 4 in this configuration is shown in FIG. The pallet 2 is kept horizontal at the time of sorting, but the pallet is inclined around the pallet inclination shaft 19 at the time of discharge. When the pallet is inclined, the collection container 4a is in an open state when in use, and closed when in a horizontal state. The separated conductive material and non-conductive material are discharged to the discharge portion 4 through the discharge chute 4b.

  In this case, any method of intermittently rotating the pallet 2 or rotating the pallet 2 at a constant speed and swinging the discharge chute 4b in accordance with the movement of the pallet 2 may be used. According to this configuration, by increasing the number of pallets 2, the magnetic flux density generated from the magnets in the magnetic field rotating disk can be used without waste. Moreover, the number of supply parts 3 and discharge parts 4 can be reduced with respect to the number of pallets 2, and the operation rate of the supply part 3 and the discharge parts 4 can be raised. Therefore, the amount of processing can be increased without increasing the number of magnetic field rotating disks 1, supply units 3, and discharge units 4 by the number of pallets 2. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the occupied area of the apparatus and the apparatus cost.

  By adjusting the rotating speed of the pallet 2, the sorting time can be easily adjusted depending on whether the mixture to be sorted is easily affected by the eddy current. Specifically, when a conductive material having a large size and a relatively large propulsive force is selected, the circulation speed can be increased, the selection can be performed in a short time, and the processing amount can be increased. On the other hand, when a conductive material having a small size and a small propulsive force is selected, the rotation speed is reduced, so that a longer selection time can be given and high-purity selection can be performed.

Embodiment 11 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 11 will be described with reference to FIG. In the eddy current sorting apparatus 100, a plurality of magnetic field rotating disks 1 are coupled to one rotating shaft 8, so that the magnetic field rotating disk 1 shares the rotating shaft 8. The figure shows an example in which three magnetic field rotating disks 1 are fixed to one rotating shaft 8. In this configuration, while the number of drive motors 10 is suppressed to one, the flow path is divided into three by the supply unit 3, and the same sorting is performed by the combination of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the pallet 2, so Processing can be performed and the processing amount can be increased three times.

  Further, by effectively utilizing the vertical space, the processing amount can be increased without greatly increasing the area occupied by the apparatus. Furthermore, in each magnetic field rotating disk, the magnetic flux density applied to the workpiece is set so as to increase in order from the top, and each discharging part is connected in series to the next supply part, so that each magnetic field rotating disk is stepwise. Sorting may be performed. For example, a conductive material having a large dimension is sorted by the top magnetic rotating disk, and the remaining small conductive material and non-conductive material are sorted in parallel by the second and third magnetic rotating disks. It is possible to sort such flows.

Embodiment 12 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 12 will be described with reference to FIG. The eddy current sorting apparatus 100 includes a magnetic field rotating disk 1, a pallet 2, a supply unit 3, a discharge unit 4, a drive unit 14, a peristaltic mechanism 26, a control unit 30, and the like. The drive unit 14 includes a rotary shaft 8, a bearing 9, a drive motor 10, a coupling 11, and the like, and is fixed to the magnetic field rotating disk 1. The object to be sorted is once held and stored in the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3, and then put into the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a. Thereafter, the mixture to be sorted is sorted into a conductive material and a non-conductive material by the pallet 2, and sorted and stored in the discharge unit 4. The annular disk 6 has a recess. An annular yoke plate 7 is fixed to the concave portion of the disk 6, and a permanent magnet 5 (neodymium magnet) is fixed thereon. The discharge unit 4 includes a collection container 4a, a discharge chute 4b, a discharge mechanism 4d, and the like.

  The magnetic field rotating disk 1 is attached to the rotating shaft 8 of the driving unit 14. The rotary shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 9 and is connected to a drive motor 10 by a coupling 11 or a timing belt. The rotation of the drive motor 10 is transmitted to the disk 6 through the coupling 11. The controller 30 controls the rotation speed of the magnetic field rotating disk 1. The pallet 2 includes a thin plate-like bottom plate 12 and an outer edge portion 13 surrounding the bottom plate 12. The pallet 2 is disposed on the magnetic rotating disk 1 with a slight gap of about 1 to 2 mm from the surface of the permanent magnet 5. The pallet 2 is kept horizontal with the magnetic field rotating disk 1 at the time of sorting, but is inclined when the discharge mechanism 4d is operated to open the discharge unit 4 (see FIG. 15). The member in the pallet that approaches the vicinity of the magnet is made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. In particular, the bottom plate 12 is made of non-conductive, non-magnetic, and highly rigid, such as alumina or FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics).

  The magnetic field rotating disk 1 is coupled to the drive motor of the drive unit 14 and rotates clockwise when viewed from the top. The supply unit 3 intermittently throws the objects to be sorted into the end of the pallet 2 in a thin and straight line so as not to overlap as much as possible. The discharge unit 4 has a function of collecting the materials separated on the pallet without leakage so as not to be mixed. The objects to be sorted stored in the supply unit 3 are supplied to the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a. The input object to be sorted is separated into the conductive material 22 and the non-conductive material 23 in the pallet 2 as time passes. The time from when being put into the pallet 2 until sufficient separation varies depending on the characteristics of the object to be sorted.

  The magnitude of the propulsive force generated on the object to be sorted by the action of the eddy current depends on the electrical conductivity, mass, shape, dimension, etc. of the object. By setting the sorting time from input to discharge in advance corresponding to the object to be sorted, high-purity separation becomes possible. After the sorting time has elapsed, the separated conductive material 22 and non-conductive material 23 are respectively taken out from the pallet 2. The object to be sorted passes through the discharge chute 4b by the discharge mechanism 4d and is stored in a state of being separated into the collection container 4a. Two collection containers 4a are installed to separate the conductive material and the non-conductive material.

  The sorting operation by this apparatus is performed as follows. First, the control unit 30 puts the object to be sorted 24, which is a mixture of a conductive material and a non-conductive material, into the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 while constantly rotating the magnetic field rotating disk 1 (see FIG. 4A). . Specifically, the conductive material is a non-ferrous metal whose outer dimensions are crushed and divided into several mm to several tens of mm, such as crushed copper wire and aluminum pieces with a diameter of about 0.2 mm or more, and the non-conductive material is plastic pieces, It refers to crushed rubber, powder, sand, etc. When the supply lane 3a is opened or lowered, the objects to be sorted 24 are arranged linearly in the radial direction of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 from the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 to one side (input side 2a) of the pallet 2. A specified amount is charged.

When the charging is finished, the supply lane 3a is closed or raised (see FIG. 4B). An alternating magnetic field in which magnetic poles are switched at a high speed is applied from the magnetic field rotating disk 1 that is constantly rotating at the lower part of the pallet 2 to the input object to be sorted 24. An eddy current is generated inside the conductive material in the object to be sorted by an alternating magnetic field, and an electromagnetic force is generated between the magnetic material rotating disk 1 and the conductive material. This acts as a driving force, and the conductive material moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2, which is the moving direction of the permanent magnet 5, (the anti-throwing side 2b). The non-conductive material does not generate an eddy current in the inside thereof, so that no driving force is generated.

  In a situation where a non-conductive material is present in front of the conductive material and the movement is hindered, it is difficult to move the conductive material. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the peristaltic mechanism 26 causes the pallet 2 to swing while keeping the magnet surface and the pallet surface parallel in the vicinity of the rotating magnet at the time of sorting. According to this configuration, since the direction of the propulsive force received by the conductor is not constant with respect to the direction of the pallet, the movement path of the conductive material changes according to the swinging movement of the pallet. As the trajectory changes in a zigzag manner as shown in FIG. 19, the conductive material can be moved without being obstructed by the front non-conductive material, and the selection can be continued. Any one of a link mechanism and a cam mechanism may be used for the swinging motion. The control unit 30 changes the angle and cycle of the swing motion depending on the object to be sorted.

  Even in a conductive material having a small size and only a small driving force, the inside of the pallet 2 moves little by little over time, and moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2 (the opposite side 2b) (see FIG. 4C). . On the other hand, the non-conductive material does not move from the place where it is put in because no eddy current is generated inside. The propulsive force is applied to a conductive material with a small size that cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material.

  Since the time for which a sufficient distance difference is generated varies depending on the object to be sorted, the material is experimentally introduced into the pallet 2 in advance, the time when the sufficient distance difference is obtained is grasped, and set as the sorting time in the control unit 30 Keep it. The control unit 30 changes the discharge unit 4 from the closed state to the open state when a predetermined set sorting time has elapsed since the material was put into the pallet. In this embodiment, the discharge mechanism 4d operates and the pallet 2 tilts, whereby the object to be sorted is discharged from the pallet 2 to the collection container 4a (see FIG. 17). When the pallet 2 is tilted, the separated conductive material and non-conductive material pass through the discharge chute 4b and are stored in a separated state in the collection container 4a (see FIG. 4D). Then, in order to return the discharge part 4 to a closed state, the discharge mechanism 4d is changed to a stop state (or normal state), and the pallet 2 is made parallel.

  As the discharge mechanism 4d, a mechanism for scraping the internal material of the pallet with the rotating brush 31 (see FIG. 20), a mechanism for driving the brush 32 with a link mechanism or a cam mechanism, and a mechanism for scraping the internal material of the pallet with this brush (FIG. 21). (See Fig. 22). A mechanism for sending compressed air from the air nozzle 33 and separating the material by blowing the material is also applicable. The convex portion 2a is provided to prevent the object to be sorted from being discharged into the collection container 4a when the discharge mechanism 4d is in the closed state (or stopped state). As described above, since one cycle of sorting is completed, when a new object to be sorted is again input from the supply unit 3 to the pallet 2, sorting in the next cycle starts (see FIG. 4A). By repeating this cycle, the object to be sorted stored in the supply unit is stored in the recovery container 4a by sequentially separating the conductive material and the non-conductive material.

  As described above, the time for applying the driving force to the conductive material can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the time from when the material is charged to the pallet until the material is discharged. Since there is only one bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 between the conductive material 22 and the permanent magnet 5, and the distance is constant, no matter where the material moves in the pallet, The same level of driving force can be given. Accordingly, the propulsive force can be applied to a conductive material that is small in size and cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material.

Embodiment 13 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 13 will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a configuration of the eddy current sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. The eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is provided with three recovery containers 4a. The object to be sorted is placed in the center of the pallet 2. In the conductive material, a conductive material 22a having a shape that is easy to roll and a conductive material 22b having a shape that is difficult to roll are mixed. When a propulsive force is applied to an object to be selected by one magnetic field rotating disk 1, a translational force and a rotational force are generated as the propulsive force. Therefore, in the shape that is easy to roll, the force in the rotation direction exceeds the force in the translation direction and moves to the right side in the figure, and the shape that is difficult to roll slides to the left side in the figure by the force in the translation direction. According to this configuration, even when a shape that is easy to roll and a shape that is difficult to roll are mixed in the mixture to be sorted, sorting can be performed by collecting in the moving direction.

Embodiment 14 FIG.
An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 14 will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the configuration of the eddy current sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. The eddy current sorting apparatus 100 includes an inductive proximity sensor 27 that grasps the separation status of the objects to be sorted inside the pallet. The proximity sensor 27 responds when the selection progresses and the conductive material 22 approaches. The sorting status is transmitted to the control unit 30. The proximity sensor 27 can be replaced with a temperature sensor that detects that the conductor has been heated by the eddy current. The control unit 30 instructs the discharge unit to collect the material on the pallet, and the discharge unit that receives the instruction collects the material on the pallet. When the collection is completed, the control unit sends an instruction to the supply unit to put a new material on the pallet. According to this method, the sorting time from when a material is put into the pallet to when the material is discharged is judged and changed for each cycle. Even in the case where the dimensional variation of the object to be sorted and the variation of the material are large, the sorting purity can be maintained without reducing the processing amount by reducing the waste of sorting time as much as possible.

  The eddy current sorting apparatus according to the present invention having the above-described configuration and operation has the following effects. Due to the characteristics of eddy current sorting, the smaller the size of the conductive material in the object to be sorted, the smaller the propulsive force that will be generated. The time required for this becomes longer. According to this invention, by changing the time from when a material is put into the pallet to when it is discharged, the time for applying the propulsive force can be easily set longer according to the conductive material to be selected. it can.

  Since there is only one pallet between the conductive material and the magnet surface, and the distance is small and constant, no matter where the material moves in the pallet, the propulsion equal to or greater than the maximum propulsive force in the existing equipment Can give power. In addition, since only the conductive material is moved on the pallet, it is sorted, so the non-conductive material is selected during the sorting process compared to the conventional rotating disk magnet method in which the conductive material and the non-conductive material move together for sorting. Moves to the conductive material side and is rarely mixed.

  Due to the above effects, high-purity sorting can be performed even for a small-sized conductive material such as a thin copper wire of about 0.2 to 0.6 mmφ. In addition, unlike the existing technique of sorting while feeding in the radial direction of the rotating disk magnet, sorting is performed at the place where it is put on the pallet, so that the length of the rotating magnet in the radial direction is not required for sorting. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the radius of the rotating magnet in order to improve the processing amount, and this can be dealt with by increasing the number of pallets combined with one rotating magnet as necessary.

  It should be noted that the present invention can be freely combined with each other within the scope of the invention, and each embodiment can be appropriately modified or omitted.

1 magnetic rotating disk, 1a magnet side, 1b yoke side, 2 pallet, 2a input side, 2b non-input side, 3 supply part, 3a supply lane, 3b holding container, 4 discharge part, 4a recovery container, 4b discharge chute 4c On-off valve, 5 Permanent magnet, 6 disc, 7 yoke plate, 8 Rotating shaft, 9 Bearing, 10 Drive motor, 11 Coupling, 12 Bottom plate, 13 Outer edge, 14 Drive, 15 Pallet drive motor, 17 Auxiliary Magnetic rotating disk, 18 pallet drive ring, 19 pallet tilt axis, 20 ultrasonic transducer, 21 lid, 22 conductive material, 23 nonconductive material, 24 object to be sorted, 25 detector, 30 control unit, 100 Eddy current sorting device.

Claims (20)

A magnetic rotating disk in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction by alternately inverting the polarity;
A pallet disposed at a distance from the magnetic rotating disk;
A driving unit having a rotating shaft attached to the magnetic field rotating disk;
A supply unit for holding the object to be sorted and supplying a predetermined amount of the object to be sorted to the pallet;
A discharge unit that has two collection containers and collects the objects to be sorted supplied from the supply unit to the pallet when the closed state is opened,
A controller that controls the magnetic field rotating disk, the drive unit, the supply unit, and the discharge unit,
A first step of supplying a specified amount of objects to be sorted from the supply unit to the pallet;
After the end of the first step, when a certain time has elapsed, a second step of bringing the discharge part from a closed state to an open state;
After the end of the second step, a third step of returning the discharge part to the closed state is performed,
When the third step is finished, the eddy current sorting device is characterized in that the first step to the third step are executed again. The magnetic field rotating disk is arranged with the magnet side facing up,
The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pallet is disposed above the magnetic field rotating disk.   3. The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic field rotating disk and the pallet are both inclined in the same direction.   4. The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic field rotating disk rotates clockwise as viewed from above.   The eddy current sorting device according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic field rotating disk rotates counterclockwise as viewed from above. The magnetic field rotating disk is arranged with the magnet side facing down,
The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pallet is disposed below the magnetic field rotating disk.   3. The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pallet has a thickness of a bottom plate that increases from the input side toward the non-input side.   3. The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pallet has a thickness of a bottom plate increasing at a constant rate from the input side to the counter input side.   The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the discharge unit includes three recovery containers.   The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising an ultrasonic vibrator that vibrates the pallet in a vertical direction. Auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction by reversing the polarity alternately,
The eddy current sorting device according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk is disposed above the pallet with the magnet side facing downward.   The eddy current sorting device according to claim 12, wherein the auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk shares a rotating shaft with the magnetic field rotating disk, and the opposite permanent magnets have opposite polarities.   2. The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pallet is kept horizontal when the discharge unit is in a closed state and is inclined when the discharge unit is in an open state.   The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pallet performs a peristaltic motion.   The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge unit includes a brush, a rotating brush, or an air nozzle. The discharge part has three collection containers,
The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the feeding unit feeds the object to be sorted to a central part of the pallet.   2. The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pallets rotating in a circumferential direction of the magnetic field rotating disk are arranged in an annular shape.   2. The eddy current sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic rotating disk and the pallet are alternately arranged in the vertical direction. A magnetic rotating disk in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction by alternately inverting the polarity;
A pallet disposed at a distance from the magnetic rotating disk;
A detector for detecting an image of an object to be sorted including a conductive material and a non-conductive material supplied to the pallet;
A control unit for determining a classification degree of the object to be sorted based on an image detected by the detector;
A rotation unit attached to the magnetic field rotation disk, and a drive unit that rotates the magnetic field rotation disk according to an instruction of the control unit;
A supply unit that holds the object to be sorted and supplies a predetermined amount of the object to be sorted to the input side of the pallet according to an instruction of the control unit;
A discharge unit having two collection containers, and setting the use state of the collection container to an open state or a closed state in accordance with an instruction from the control unit;
The controller is
A first step of instructing the supply unit to supply the object to be sorted;
A second step of instructing the discharge unit to be closed, and instructing the drive unit to rotate the magnetic field rotating disk;
A third step of acquiring an image of the object to be selected from the detector and determining a degree of separation of the object to be selected from the image;
When it is determined that the classification of the object to be sorted is good, the fourth step of instructing the discharge unit to open is performed,
When the fourth step is completed, the eddy current sorting apparatus is configured to execute again the first step to the fourth step. A magnetic rotating disk in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction by alternately inverting the polarity;
A pallet disposed at a distance from the magnetic rotating disk;
A driving unit having a rotating shaft attached to the magnetic field rotating disk;
A supply unit for holding the object to be sorted and supplying a predetermined amount of the object to be sorted to the pallet;
A discharge unit that has two collection containers and collects the objects to be sorted supplied from the supply unit to the pallet when the closed state is opened,
An eddy current sorting method in an eddy current sorting device comprising the magnetic field rotating disk, the drive unit, the supply unit, and a control unit that controls the discharge unit,
A first step of supplying a specified amount of objects to be sorted from the supply unit to the pallet;
After the end of the first step, when a certain time has elapsed, a second step of bringing the discharge part from a closed state to an open state;
A third step of returning the discharge part to a closed state after the end of the second step,
When the third step is completed, the eddy current selection method is characterized in that the first step to the third step are executed again.

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