JPWO2015174149A1 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The hydraulic excavator (1) accommodates an engine (7), a cooling fan (8), a hydraulic pump (9), and an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10) provided above the hydraulic pump (9). The engine room (31) includes a tilt-up floor (6) that covers the engine (7) and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10), an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10), and an engine room (31). A side cover (31A) that covers the side of the hydraulic pump (9) is provided, and cooling air is provided between the tilt-up floor (6) and the support plate, the engine (7), and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (10). Is provided with a horizontal flow path (21) that guides the exhaust gas toward the hydraulic pump (9) side, and further, along the side cover (31A) after passing through the exhaust gas post-treatment device (10), the vertical flow path (22) ) It is, above the hydraulic pump (9), air baffle plate which blocks the vertical flow path (22) (40) is provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine.

  A construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator is equipped with a hydraulic motor for traveling and turning, and a hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic oil to a hydraulic cylinder for operating a work machine. In recent years, in order to comply with exhaust gas regulations, it is known to mount an exhaust gas aftertreatment device that collects particulate matter in exhaust gas discharged from an engine. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a large hydraulic excavator provided with a cooling fan on the left side of the engine, a hydraulic pump on the right side of the engine, and an exhaust gas aftertreatment device above the hydraulic pump in the engine room. Is disclosed.

  In the hydraulic excavator described in Patent Document 1, a pump chamber is provided in the engine room so that heat does not flow around the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is isolated from the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, and also by a cooling fan. A part of the cooling air passes through the pump chamber and is discharged outside the vehicle. In the pump chamber, the cooling air passes below the hydraulic pump.

JP 2011-184872 A

  However, in a small hydraulic excavator with an extremely small engine room, it is difficult to provide a space such as a pump chamber with respect to the size of the hydraulic pump, and it is difficult to provide a cooling air flow path away from the hydraulic pump. Can not. For this reason, the hydraulic pump is directly exposed to the cooling air that has become hot due to the heat absorbed by the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, especially in the engine room, and the temperature of the hydraulic pump rises, adversely affecting the hydraulic pump. There is a possibility of effect.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine that can reduce the influence of heat on a hydraulic pump.

  The construction machine of the present invention includes an engine room that houses an engine, a cooling unit, a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, and an exhaust gas aftertreatment device provided above the hydraulic pump. Are provided with a ceiling portion that covers the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, and an exterior cover that covers sides of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and the hydraulic pump, and the ceiling portion, the engine, and the A flow path is provided between the exhaust gas after-treatment device and the cooling air from the cooling unit to the hydraulic pump side. Further, after passing through the exhaust gas after-treatment device, along the exterior cover, A cooling air flow path is provided, and a wind shielding plate for blocking the flow path is provided above the hydraulic pump.

  According to the construction machine of the present invention, in the engine room, the cooling air flowing through the flow path passes between the ceiling of the engine room and the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, and after passing through the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, Wrap around to the other side. During operation of the construction machine, the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device are heated, so that the cooling air flows while absorbing the heat of the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device. For this reason, the cooling air after passing through the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is at a high temperature. The high-temperature cooling air that has passed through the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and circulated to the other side of the engine eventually hits a wind shielding plate that blocks the flow path. By providing the wind shield plate above the hydraulic pump, it is possible to prevent the hydraulic pump from being directly exposed to the high-temperature cooling air. Therefore, the thermal influence on the hydraulic pump can be reduced.

  In the construction machine of the present invention, it is preferable that the wind shield plate is formed in a convex shape upward.

  In the construction machine of the present invention, it is preferable that the wind shielding plate is configured to be removable from a side of the engine room.

  In the construction machine of the present invention, the cooling air hits the wind shielding plate after flowing through the surfaces of the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, and passes through an exhaust port provided at the bottom of the engine room to the outside. Preferably it is discharged.

  In the construction machine of the present invention, it is preferable that the wind shield plate is provided between the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and the exterior cover.

1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Sectional drawing seen from the cut surface which cuts an engine room in the front-back direction. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view around an exhaust gas aftertreatment device in FIG. 2. Sectional drawing which looked at the engine room from the IV direction of FIG. The perspective view of the apparatus in an engine room. The perspective view of a windshield.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, the front / rear / left / right / up / down directions refer to the front / rear / left / right / up / down directions when the operator seated on the operator seat 5 of the excavator 1 as a construction machine faces the front in the state shown in FIG. In other words, the left-right direction is the same as the vehicle width direction of the excavator 1. Moreover, in the figure, the front-rear direction and the left-right direction are represented using symbols F, B, L, R and arrows.

[Overview of hydraulic excavator]
A hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment is a vehicle classified as a small excavator, and includes a lower traveling body 2, an upper swing body 3 provided on the lower traveling body 2, a work machine that performs excavation of earth and sand, and the like. 4 is provided. The hydraulic excavator 1 has a canopy specification, and a roof 5 </ b> B supported by two struts 5 </ b> A erected on the upper swing body 3 is provided above the operator seat 5. Further, the hydraulic excavator 1 has a tilt-up floor 6 that is a floor surface of the operator seat 5, and the operator seat 5 can be tilted up and down together with the roof 5B.

  The upper swing body 3 is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the lower traveling body 2 by a swing hydraulic motor (not shown). The lower side of the upper swing body 3 includes a revo frame 30 that is a frame of the upper swing body 3, and a work machine 4 is provided at the front end of the revo frame 30. The work machine 4 is attached to the revo frame 30 so that it can swing up and down, an arm 15 attached to the tip of the boom 14 so as to swing up and down, and attached to the tip of the arm 15 so as to swing up and down. Bucket 16. The boom 14, the arm 15, and the bucket 16 are connected to the tip ends of the cylinder rods of the boom cylinder 14A, the arm cylinder 15A, and the bucket cylinder 16A, which are hydraulic cylinders, and swing when the cylinder rods are expanded and contracted. Operate.

  An engine room 31 that houses the engine 7 that is a diesel engine is provided in the rear half of the revo frame 30, and a counterweight 32 is attached to the rear end of the revo frame 30. In the tilt-down state, the front half of the revo frame 30 and the upper part of the engine room 31 are covered with a step-up tilt-up floor 6. An operator seat 5 is provided on the upper part of the rear side of the tilt-up floor 6.

  A support plate 33 extending in the left-right direction is provided above the rear side of the engine room 31 (see FIG. 4). The support plate 33 is in contact with the lower surface of the tilt-up floor 6 in the tilt-down state, and supports the tilt-up floor 6 from below. The support plate 33 is fixed to the upper part of the counterweight 32 on both sides in the left-right direction, and constitutes the ceiling part of the engine room 31 together with the tilt-up floor 6. A plurality of openings are formed in the bottom surface of the engine room 31, and a louver 31B is provided in one of the openings. The louver 31 </ b> B serves as an exhaust port for the engine room 31. By using the louver 31B as the discharge port, intrusion of pebbles and the like from below is prevented.

  In the engine room 31, a cooling fan 8 as a cooling unit is provided on the right side of the engine 7, and a hydraulic pump 9 is provided on the lower left side of the engine 7. The cooling fan 8 is rotationally driven by the engine 7, draws outside air as cooling air from outside the engine room 31, supplies it to an engine radiator (not shown) provided outside the cooling fan 8, and passes through the engine radiator and the cooling fan 8. The cooled cooling air flows toward the engine 7. The cooling air path will be described later. Further, an exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 connected to an exhaust pipe of the engine 7 is provided above the hydraulic pump 9. When the side cover 31A (see FIGS. 1 to 3) as an exterior cover attached to the left side surface of the engine room 31 is removed, the hydraulic pump 9 and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 become visible.

  The exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 is bolted to the upper surface of a flywheel case (not shown) of the engine 7 so that the longitudinal direction, that is, the exhaust gas flow direction is the front-rear direction. A cylindrical diesel particulate filter (hereinafter simply referred to as “filter”) (not shown) is accommodated in the cylindrical case of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10. This filter collects particulate matter in the exhaust gas that passes through it. The exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 passes through the filter to the rear side, and is then discharged to the outside through the tail pipe (not shown) from below the revo frame 30.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the front, upper front side, and left side of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 are covered with a protective cover 11 that prevents an operator from directly touching the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 during maintenance. . The protective cover 11 includes a protective plate 11A, a protective pipe 11B that supports the protective plate 11A, and a heat insulating member 11C attached to the surface of the protective plate 11A.

  The protective plate 11 </ b> A is provided from the vicinity of the front edge of the support plate 33 to the vicinity of the upper surface of the revo frame 30. The protective pipe 11B is obtained by welding and joining a plate-like portion 11D to a steel pipe formed in a substantially L shape. The plate-like portion 11D covers the left side of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 and prevents an operator from unintentionally touching the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 when the side cover 31A is removed. The heat insulating member 11C is formed of a glass fiber material having heat insulating properties and heat resistance, and is fixed to the protective plate 11A via a plurality of fixing fittings (not shown) penetrating the front and back surfaces.

[Description of hydraulic pump]
The hydraulic pump 9 is driven by the engine 7 and supplies pressurized hydraulic fluid to the traveling hydraulic motor, the turning hydraulic motor, the hydraulic cylinders 14A, 15A, and 16A (see FIG. 1) of the work machine 4, and the like. As the hydraulic pump 9, one having an appropriate structure can be applied according to required performance, such as a constant capacity type, an oblique axis type variable capacity type, and a swash plate type variable capacity type. As shown in FIG. 2, such a hydraulic pump 9 is provided up to a position protruding leftward from the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10.

  The hydraulic pump 9 is connected to hoses and pipes for supplying hydraulic oil to other hydraulic devices and collecting hydraulic oil from other hydraulic devices. Each connection portion is provided with a rubber O-ring for obtaining a sealing effect. Therefore, when the cooling air to which the hydraulic pump 9 is exposed is at a high temperature, the surface of the hydraulic pump 9 and the temperature of the hydraulic oil are increased, so that the deterioration of the O-ring is accelerated and the sealing performance is lowered. As a result, there is a concern that hydraulic fluid may leak. In order to avoid such adverse effects of high-temperature cooling air on the hydraulic pump 9, the hydraulic excavator 1 includes a wind shielding plate 40 described below.

[Explanation of wind shield]
The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a wind shielding plate 40 between the exhaust gas post-treatment device 10 and the side cover 31A above a portion of the hydraulic pump 9 that protrudes to the left from the exhaust gas post-treatment device 10 ( 2 to 4). The wind shield plate 40 is made of a thin steel plate, and includes a main body portion 50 formed by pressing or the like, and a fixing portion 60 welded to the main body portion 50.

FIG. 6 shows the wind shield plate 40 alone.
The main body 50 is formed in an upwardly convex shape as a whole, and includes a horizontal plane part 51, a front inclined surface part 52 that is connected to the front end of the horizontal plane part 51 and is bent downward and inclined with respect to the horizontal plane part 51. The rear inclined surface portion 53 connected to the rear end of the horizontal plane portion 51 and bent downward with respect to the horizontal plane portion 51, and the left end edge of the horizontal plane portion 51, the front inclined surface portion 52, and the rear inclined surface portion 53 It is comprised from the side part 54 which continued and bent upwards with respect to them, and was inclined.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the front inclined surface portion 52 extends forward beyond the front portion of the hydraulic pump 9, and the rear inclined surface portion 53 extends rearward beyond the rear portion of the hydraulic pump 9. The center of the horizontal plane portion 51 in the front-rear direction is on the rear side of the center of the hydraulic pump 9, and the front inclined surface portion 52 is formed longer than the rear inclined surface portion 53. The angle formed with respect to the horizontal surface portion 51 of the front inclined surface portion 52 is substantially equal to the angle formed with respect to the horizontal surface portion 51 of the rear inclined surface portion 53.

  The fixing portion 60 is a belt-like member having a predetermined longitudinal length and vertical width, and a rear end thereof is welded over a bent portion between the horizontal plane portion 51 and the front inclined surface portion 52. Further, two through holes 61 arranged in the front-rear direction are formed on the front end side of the fixed portion 60.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the wind shield plate 40 is fixed to the protective pipe 11 </ b> B of the protective cover 11 from the left by two bolts 13 inserted through the through holes 61 of the fixing portion 60. The wind shield plate 40 can be detached from the front or the upper side of the engine room 31 when the tilt-up floor 6 is in the tilt-up state, and can be detached from the side by removing the side cover 31A even in the tilt-down state. Thus, since the wind shield plate 40 can be easily attached and detached, the maintainability of the hydraulic pump 9 is not impaired even if the wind shield plate 40 is provided.

[Explanation of cooling air path in engine room]
The cooling air path in the engine room 31 will be described with reference to FIGS. The arrows in FIGS. 2 to 4 indicate the path of the cooling air in the engine room 31.
During operation of the hydraulic excavator 1, a part of the cooling air flowed toward the engine 7 by the cooling fan 8 absorbs the heat around the cylinder head of the engine 7, while the upper surface of the engine 7 and the tilt-up floor 6 are It flows to the left in the horizontal flow path 21 that is a flow path formed between the lower surface and the lower surface of the support plate 33. The cooling air flowing to the left through the horizontal flow path 21 eventually reaches the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 and further absorbs heat from the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10. The cooling air that has become higher in temperature by absorbing the heat of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 flows in the flow direction along the cylindrical case of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 and the curved surface formed at the corner of the engine room 31. Change downward.

  The cooling air whose flow direction has been changed downward is lowered along the side cover 31A along the vertical flow path 22 which is a flow path formed between the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 and the hydraulic pump 9 and the back surface of the side cover 31A. And eventually reaches the wind shielding plate 40 that blocks a part of the vertical flow path 22. Since the wind shielding plate 40 is formed in an upwardly convex shape, most of the cooling air hitting the wind shielding plate 40 is distributed in the front-rear direction, and the remaining part gets over the side surface portion 54 and is on the side cover 31A side. Flowing into.

  As described above, the front inclined surface portion 52 of the wind shielding plate 40 extends beyond the front portion of the hydraulic pump 9, and the rear inclined surface portion 53 extends beyond the rear portion of the hydraulic pump 9. The cooling air flowing through the flow path 22 flows downward so as to avoid the hydraulic pump 9. The cooling air flowing to the bottom side of the engine room 31 is discharged to the outside from the louvers 31B provided on the bottom surface.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the wind shield plate 40 is provided above the hydraulic pump 9, so that the cooling air that has become a high temperature due to absorption of heat from the engine 7 and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10 can be obtained. Direct exposure of the hydraulic pump 9 is avoided. Therefore, the temperature of the hydraulic pump 9 can be suppressed below the upper limit value, and the operating state of the hydraulic pump 9 can be maintained well.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the main body portion 50 of the wind shield plate 40 is formed in an upwardly convex shape having the front inclined surface portion 52 and the rear inclined surface portion 53, but the entire upper surface is a front inclined surface or a rear inclined surface. You may form in the flat form which is a surface.
Further, although the wind shielding plate 40 is bolted to the protective cover 11, the fixing destination and the fixing method may be other appropriate methods. However, a configuration in which the wind shield plate 40 can be easily detached from the side of the engine room 31 is preferable.

In the embodiment, the excavator 1 has the tilt-up floor 6, but may have a fixed floor.
In the embodiment, the excavator 1 includes the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 10, but may further include a selective catalytic reduction device using urea water or the like as a reducing agent.

  The present invention can be used not only for hydraulic excavators but also for wheel loaders.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydraulic excavator (construction machine), 6 ... Tilt-up floor (ceiling part), 7 ... Engine, 8 ... Cooling fan (cooling unit), 9 ... Hydraulic pump, 10 ... Exhaust gas aftertreatment device, 21 ... Horizontal flow path (Flow path), 22 ... vertical flow path (flow path), 31 ... engine room, 31A ... side cover (exterior cover), 31B ... louver (discharge port), 33 ... support plate (ceiling part), 40 ... wind shielding Board.

Claims (5)

An engine room that houses an engine, a cooling unit, a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, and an exhaust gas aftertreatment device provided above the hydraulic pump;
The engine room is provided with a ceiling that covers the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, and an exterior cover that covers the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and the side of the hydraulic pump.
Between the ceiling part and the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, there is provided a flow path for guiding cooling air from the cooling unit to the hydraulic pump side, and further, after passing through the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, A cooling air flow path is provided along the exterior cover toward the bottom of the vehicle body.
A construction machine, characterized in that a wind shielding plate for blocking the flow path is provided above the hydraulic pump. The construction machine according to claim 1,
The construction machine characterized in that the wind shield is formed in a convex shape upward. In the construction machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The construction machine characterized in that the wind shield is configured to be removable from the side of the engine room. The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The construction machine, wherein the cooling air hits the wind shielding plate after flowing through the flow path, and is discharged to the outside through an outlet provided in a bottom portion of the engine room. The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The construction machine characterized in that the wind shield plate is provided between the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and the exterior cover.

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