JPWO2015063870A1 - Switching power supply - Google Patents

Switching power supply Download PDF

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JPWO2015063870A1
JPWO2015063870A1 JP2015544678A JP2015544678A JPWO2015063870A1 JP WO2015063870 A1 JPWO2015063870 A1 JP WO2015063870A1 JP 2015544678 A JP2015544678 A JP 2015544678A JP 2015544678 A JP2015544678 A JP 2015544678A JP WO2015063870 A1 JPWO2015063870 A1 JP WO2015063870A1
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winding
power supply
bias
transformer
switching power
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JP6393689B2 (en
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政巳 上原
政巳 上原
和仁 山岸
和仁 山岸
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TKR Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation

Abstract

トランスの巻線を追加することなく、出力電圧を安定化することができるスイッチング電源装置を提供する。１次巻線、２次巻線およびバイアス巻線を有するトランスを備え、電源を前記１次巻線を介してスイッチング素子に接続するとともに、前記バイアス巻線の出力により前記スイッチング素子を制御することにより、前記２次巻線から安定化した電圧を出力するスイッチング電源装置において、前記トランスのバイアス巻線を、他の１次巻線と同じ巻数の巻線とすることにより、同じ巻数の複数のバイアス巻線で構成でき、前記複数のバイアス巻線を並列に接続し、前記トランスの２次巻線を、前記複数のバイアス巻線で挟み込むように巻線した。A switching power supply device capable of stabilizing an output voltage without adding a transformer winding is provided. A transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a bias winding is provided, and a power source is connected to the switching element via the primary winding, and the switching element is controlled by an output of the bias winding. Thus, in the switching power supply that outputs a stabilized voltage from the secondary winding, the bias winding of the transformer is a winding having the same number of turns as the other primary windings, so that a plurality of the same number of turns can be obtained. The plurality of bias windings can be connected in parallel, and the secondary winding of the transformer is wound so as to be sandwiched between the plurality of bias windings.

Description

本発明は、トランスを用いたスイッチング電源装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a switching power supply device using a transformer.

スイッチング電源装置として、トランスを用いて１次側の回路と２次側の回路とを絶縁して、パワーを伝送する、絶縁型と言われるものがある。そして、トランスを用いる方式として、２次側の出力を検出し、例えばフォトカプラを用いてフィードバックすることにより半導体素子のスイッチングを制御する方式、トランスに検出用の巻線を設け、その出力により半導体素子のスイッチングを制御する方式（一次側検出制御方式）などがある。フォトカプラを用いる方式の場合は、２次側の出力を直接検出しているため、出力の精度は良いが、高価なフォトカプラが必要であり、回路が複雑になる。これに対し、１次側検出制御方式の場合は、出力の安定度はあまり良くないが、回路が簡単となり、低コスト化できる。   As a switching power supply device, there is a so-called insulation type in which power is transmitted by insulating a primary side circuit and a secondary side circuit using a transformer. As a method using a transformer, a method for controlling the switching of a semiconductor element by detecting the output on the secondary side and feeding back using, for example, a photocoupler, a winding for detection is provided in the transformer, and the output is used for semiconductors. There is a method for controlling element switching (primary side detection control method). In the case of a method using a photocoupler, since the output on the secondary side is directly detected, the output accuracy is good, but an expensive photocoupler is necessary, and the circuit becomes complicated. On the other hand, in the case of the primary side detection control system, the output stability is not so good, but the circuit becomes simple and the cost can be reduced.

フォトカプラを用いることなくトランスの一次側のみで定電圧制御を行うスイッチング電源装置として、特許文献１には、一次巻線、二次巻線およびバイアス巻線を有するトランスと、このトランスの一次巻線に直列接続されたスイッチング素子とを備え、同トランスのバイアス巻線の一方端側をスイッチング素子の制御電極に接続し他方端側をグラウンドラインに接続し、トランスの一次側に特定の発振制御回路を設けることにより、二次側の出力電圧の定電圧制御を行う自励式のスイッチング電源装置が記載されている。   As a switching power supply device that performs constant voltage control only on the primary side of a transformer without using a photocoupler, Patent Document 1 discloses a transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a bias winding, and a primary winding of the transformer. Switching element connected in series to the wire, one end of the bias winding of the transformer is connected to the control electrode of the switching element, the other end is connected to the ground line, and a specific oscillation control is performed on the primary side of the transformer A self-excited switching power supply that performs constant voltage control of the output voltage on the secondary side by providing a circuit is described.

また、特許文献２には、請求項１に「直流電圧もしくは交流電圧を整流平滑することにより得られる直流入力電圧と、少なくとも１次側制御回路とメインスイッチング素子を含む１次側回路と、１次側制御回路へ供給するバイアス回路を有するスイッチングトランスと、２次側整流平滑回路から成り、前記スイッチングトランスの１次巻線と２次巻線の間に密に巻けるように巻数に応じて線径を変えたり、巻数が少ない場合は数本の線を並列にしたものを巻いたバイアス巻線を設けたスイッチング式電源装置。」と記載されている。   Patent document 2 discloses in claim 1 that “a DC input voltage obtained by rectifying and smoothing a DC voltage or an AC voltage, a primary circuit including at least a primary control circuit and a main switching element, 1 A switching transformer having a bias circuit for supplying to the secondary side control circuit and a secondary side rectifying and smoothing circuit, and lines corresponding to the number of turns so as to be tightly wound between the primary winding and the secondary winding of the switching transformer. When the diameter is changed or the number of turns is small, a switching power supply device provided with a bias winding in which several wires are wound in parallel is described.

特開平５−３０４７７８号公報JP-A-5-304778 特開平９−７４７５４号公報JP-A-9-74754

特許文献１のスイッチング電源装置は、フォトカプラを用いることはないが、トランスの一次側に特定の発振制御回路を設ける必要がある。また、特許文献２のスイッチング電源装置は、スイッチングトランスの１次巻線と２次巻線の間にバイアス巻線を設けることにより、シールド巻線を設けることなく、スイッチングノイズを低減したものである。   Although the switching power supply device of Patent Document 1 does not use a photocoupler, it is necessary to provide a specific oscillation control circuit on the primary side of the transformer. Further, the switching power supply device of Patent Document 2 reduces the switching noise without providing a shield winding by providing a bias winding between the primary winding and the secondary winding of the switching transformer. .

本発明は、トランスの巻線を追加することなく、出力電圧を安定化することができるスイッチング電源装置を提供することを目的とする。   An object of this invention is to provide the switching power supply device which can stabilize an output voltage, without adding the coil | winding of a transformer.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明は請求の範囲に記載の構成を採用する。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the configurations described in the claims.

本発明は、上記課題を解決する手段を複数含んでいるが、本発明のスイッチング電源装置の一例を挙げるならば、１次巻線、２次巻線およびバイアス巻線を有するトランスを備え、電源を前記１次巻線を介してスイッチング素子に接続するとともに、前記バイアス巻線の出力により前記スイッチング素子を制御することにより、前記２次巻線から安定化した電圧を出力するスイッチング電源装置において、前記トランスのバイアス巻線を、同じ巻数の複数のバイアス巻線で構成し、前記複数のバイアス巻線を並列に接続し、前記トランスの２次巻線を、前記複数のバイアス巻線で挟み込むように巻線したものである。   The present invention includes a plurality of means for solving the above-described problems. If an example of the switching power supply device of the present invention is given, a transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a bias winding is provided. A switching power supply that outputs a stabilized voltage from the secondary winding by connecting the switching element via the primary winding and controlling the switching element by the output of the bias winding, The bias winding of the transformer is composed of a plurality of bias windings having the same number of turns, the plurality of bias windings are connected in parallel, and the secondary winding of the transformer is sandwiched between the plurality of bias windings. Is wound around

本発明のスイッチング電源装置の他の一例を挙げるならば、１次巻線、２次巻線およびバイアス巻線を有するトランスを備え、電源を前記１次巻線を介してスイッチング素子に接続するとともに、前記バイアス巻線の出力により前記スイッチング素子を制御することにより、前記２次巻線から安定化した電圧を出力するスイッチング電源装置において、前記トランスは、更に、第２の１次巻線と同じ巻数の前記バイアス巻線を備え、前記バイアス巻線と前記第２の１次巻線を並列に接続し、前記トランスの２次巻線を、前記バイアス巻線と前記第２の１次巻線とで挟み込むように巻線したものである。   To give another example of the switching power supply device of the present invention, a transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding and a bias winding is provided, and a power source is connected to the switching element via the primary winding. In the switching power supply that outputs a stabilized voltage from the secondary winding by controlling the switching element by the output of the bias winding, the transformer is further the same as the second primary winding. The bias winding of the number of turns is provided, the bias winding and the second primary winding are connected in parallel, and the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the bias winding and the second primary winding. It is wound so as to be sandwiched between and.

本発明によれば、トランスの巻線構造を改良することにより、巻線を追加することなく、スイッチング電源装置の出力電圧を安定化することができ、トランスの小型化や低価格化、ひいては電源装置の小型化や低価格化を達成できる。   According to the present invention, by improving the winding structure of the transformer, it is possible to stabilize the output voltage of the switching power supply device without adding a winding, thereby reducing the size and cost of the transformer, and consequently the power supply. Miniaturization and cost reduction of the device can be achieved.

本発明に至る過程で検討したスイッチング電源回路の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply circuit examined in the process leading to the present invention. 本発明に至る過程で検討したスイッチング電源回路のトランス構造を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the transformer structure of the switching power supply circuit examined in the process leading to this invention. 本発明の実施例１のスイッチング電源回路のトランス構造を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the transformer structure of the switching power supply circuit of Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２のスイッチング電源回路の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply circuit of Example 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２のスイッチング電源回路のトランス構造を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the transformer structure of the switching power supply circuit of Example 2 of this invention. 負荷電流と出力電圧との関係を示す図である（負荷電流あり）。It is a figure which shows the relationship between load current and an output voltage (with load current). 負荷電流と出力電圧との関係を示す図である（負荷電流無し）。It is a figure which shows the relationship between load current and output voltage (no load current).

本発明の好ましい実施の形態に至る過程で検討したスイッチング電源装置について説明する。   A switching power supply device studied in the course of reaching a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

図１は、１次側検出制御方式（Primary Side Sensing Regulation）のスイッチング電源装置である。スイッチング電源装置の入力端子Ｖｉには、図示していないが、例えば１００Ｖの商用電源の交流をブリッジ整流回路で全波整流した直流が入力される。この直流は、平滑コンデンサ２２およびトランス１０の１次巻線Ｐ１を介して、スイッチングＩＣ２０内のスイッチングトランジスタに加えられる。トランスの２次巻線Ｓ１，Ｓ２の出力は、ダイオード２３および平滑コンデンサ２４から成る回路で整流および平滑され、例えば１２Ｖの直流として出力される。２次巻線は、図２で詳述するように、同じ巻数の２つの巻線であるＳ１とＳ２を並列に接続した構成である。トランス１０には、フィードバック用のバイアス巻線ＰＢが設けられており、その出力は、スイッチングＩＣ２０のフィードバック用の端子ＦＢに加えられるとともに、ダイオード２５および平滑コンデンサ２６からなる整流回路で直流化され、スイッチングＩＣ２０の電源端子Ｖｃｃに加えられる。トランス１０には、第２の１次巻線Ｐ２も設けられており、その出力は、ダイオード２７および平滑コンデンサ２８からなる整流回路で直流化され、例えば２０Ｖの直流として、１次側の制御用電源などに用いられる。   FIG. 1 shows a switching power supply device of a primary side sensing control system (Primary Side Sensing Regulation). Although not shown, for example, a direct current obtained by full-wave rectifying the alternating current of a commercial power supply of 100 V with a bridge rectifier circuit is input to the input terminal Vi of the switching power supply device. This direct current is applied to the switching transistor in the switching IC 20 via the smoothing capacitor 22 and the primary winding P1 of the transformer 10. The outputs of the secondary windings S1 and S2 of the transformer are rectified and smoothed by a circuit including a diode 23 and a smoothing capacitor 24, and output as, for example, a DC of 12V. As described in detail in FIG. 2, the secondary winding has a configuration in which two windings S1 and S2 having the same number of turns are connected in parallel. The transformer 10 is provided with a feedback bias winding PB. The output of the transformer 10 is applied to the feedback terminal FB of the switching IC 20 and is converted into a direct current by a rectifier circuit including a diode 25 and a smoothing capacitor 26. Applied to the power supply terminal Vcc of the switching IC 20. The transformer 10 is also provided with a second primary winding P2, and its output is converted into a direct current by a rectifier circuit composed of a diode 27 and a smoothing capacitor 28. Used for power supply.

図２にトランス１０の巻線構造を示す。図は、トランスの片側の断面を示すものである。ボビン１６には、巻線１４として、順に１次巻線Ｐ１、２次巻線Ｓ１、バイアス巻線ＰＢ、２次巻線Ｓ２、第２の１次巻線Ｐ２を巻き付けている。ここで、２次巻線を、同じ巻数のＳ１とＳ２で構成し、バイアス巻線ＰＢを２次巻線Ｓ１とＳ２で挟むことにより、バイアス巻線と２次巻線との結合度を幾分上げることができる。これにより、フィードバック制御の感度を高めることができ、２次出力の出力電圧を安定化させることができる。図において、符号１２はトランスのコアを、符号１７は端子を示す。   FIG. 2 shows the winding structure of the transformer 10. The figure shows a cross section of one side of the transformer. As the winding 14, a primary winding P 1, a secondary winding S 1, a bias winding PB, a secondary winding S 2, and a second primary winding P 2 are wound around the bobbin 16 in order. Here, the secondary winding is composed of S1 and S2 having the same number of turns, and the bias winding PB is sandwiched between the secondary windings S1 and S2, thereby increasing the degree of coupling between the bias winding and the secondary winding. I can raise it. Thereby, the sensitivity of feedback control can be increased and the output voltage of the secondary output can be stabilized. In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes a transformer core, and reference numeral 17 denotes a terminal.

以下に、図面に基づいて本発明の実施の形態を説明する。なお、実施の形態を説明するための各図において、同一の機能を有する要素には同一の名称、符号を付して、その繰り返しの説明を省略する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same names and reference numerals in the drawings for describing the embodiments, and repetitive description thereof is omitted.

本発明者らの検討によれば、図１および図２の巻線構造では、２次巻線とバイアス巻線との結合度が必ずしも十分とはいえないことが分かった。そこで、本発明者らは、２次巻線とバイアス巻線との磁気的密着性を良くし、結合度を上げて、スイッチング電源回路の出力電圧を安定化することを実現した。   According to the study by the present inventors, it has been found that the degree of coupling between the secondary winding and the bias winding is not necessarily sufficient in the winding structure shown in FIGS. Therefore, the present inventors have realized that the magnetic adhesion between the secondary winding and the bias winding is improved, the degree of coupling is increased, and the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit is stabilized.

図３に、本発明の実施例１のスイッチング電源回路のトランス巻線構造を示す。本実施例では、トランス１０の回路図に示すように、バイアス巻線を同じ巻数の２つの巻線、ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２から構成し、２つの巻線を並列に接続する。そして、巻線構造に示すように、ボビン１６に、巻線１４として、順に１次巻線Ｐ１、２次巻線Ｓ１、バイアス巻線ＰＢ−１、２次巻線Ｓ２、バイアス巻線ＰＢ−２、第２の１次巻線Ｐ２を巻き付ける。そして、２次巻線Ｓ２を、２つのバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とで挟み込む構造とする。   FIG. 3 shows a transformer winding structure of the switching power supply circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, as shown in the circuit diagram of the transformer 10, the bias winding is composed of two windings PB-1 and PB-2 having the same number of turns, and the two windings are connected in parallel. As shown in the winding structure, the bobbin 16 has a winding 14 as a primary winding P1, a secondary winding S1, a bias winding PB-1, a secondary winding S2, and a bias winding PB-. 2. Wind the second primary winding P2. The secondary winding S2 is sandwiched between two bias windings PB-1 and PB-2.

なお、図３では、２次巻線を同じ巻数の２つの巻線で構成し、２次巻線とバイアス巻線とを交互に配置している。２次巻線を１つの巻線とし、この２次巻線を２つのバイアス巻線で挟み込む構造とすることにより、結合度を高めることができる。とりわけ、図３のように、２次巻線も同じ巻数の２つの巻線で構成し、互いに挟み込み合う構造とすることにより、さらに２次巻線とバイアス巻線の結合度を高くすることができる。また、バイアス巻線あるいは２次巻線の数を３つ以上とし、互いに挟み込み合う構造とすることにより、さらに結合度を高めることができる。   In FIG. 3, the secondary winding is composed of two windings having the same number of turns, and the secondary winding and the bias winding are alternately arranged. The degree of coupling can be increased by adopting a structure in which the secondary winding is a single winding and the secondary winding is sandwiched between two bias windings. In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, the secondary winding is also composed of two windings having the same number of turns and sandwiched between each other, thereby further increasing the degree of coupling between the secondary winding and the bias winding. it can. Further, the degree of coupling can be further increased by using three or more bias windings or secondary windings and sandwiching each other.

本実施例によれば、バイアス巻線を同じ巻数の２つの巻線で構成し、２つのバイアス巻線を並列に接続するとともに、２次巻線を２つのバイアス巻線で挟み込むように巻き付けることにより、２次巻線とバイアス巻線との磁気的密着性を良くし、結合度を高めることができる。これにより、フィードバック制御の感度を高めることができ、出力電圧を安定化することができる。   According to this embodiment, the bias winding is composed of two windings having the same number of turns, the two bias windings are connected in parallel, and the secondary winding is wound so as to be sandwiched between the two bias windings. Thus, the magnetic adhesion between the secondary winding and the bias winding can be improved, and the degree of coupling can be increased. Thereby, the sensitivity of feedback control can be increased and the output voltage can be stabilized.

図３の実施例１によれば、バイアス巻線を２つの巻線で構成し、２次巻線を挟み込む構造とすることにより、結合度を高めることができる。しかし、バイアス巻線ＰＢ−２を追加することにより、トランスが大型化し、コストが高くなる。実施例２は、バイアス巻線を追加することなく、結合度を高くしたものである。   According to the first embodiment of FIG. 3, the degree of coupling can be increased by configuring the bias winding with two windings and sandwiching the secondary winding. However, adding the bias winding PB-2 increases the size of the transformer and increases the cost. In the second embodiment, the degree of coupling is increased without adding a bias winding.

図４に、本発明の実施例２のスイッチング電源装置の回路図を示す。スイッチング電源装置の入力端子Ｖｉには、例えば１００Ｖの商用電源の交流をブリッジ整流回路で全波整流した直流が入力される。この直流は、平滑コンデンサ２２およびトランス１０の１次巻線Ｐ１を介して、スイッチングＩＣ２０内のスイッチングトランジスタに加えられる。トランスの２次巻線Ｓ１，Ｓ２の出力は、ダイオード２３および平滑コンデンサ２４から成る回路で整流および平滑され、例えば１２Ｖの直流として出力される。２次巻線は、同じ巻数の２つの巻線であるＳ１とＳ２を並列に接続した構成である。トランス１０のバイアス巻線としては、同じ巻数の２つのバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とで構成されており、２つのバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とは並列に接続されている。バイアス巻線の出力は、スイッチングＩＣ２０のフィードバック用の端子ＦＢに加えられるとともに、ダイオード２５および平滑コンデンサ２６からなる整流回路で直流化され、スイッチングＩＣ２０の電源端子Ｖｃｃに加えられる。また、バイアス巻線の出力は、ダイオード２７および平滑コンデンサ２８からなる整流回路で直流化され、例えば２０Ｖの直流として、１次側の制御用電源などに用いられる。   FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. For example, a direct current obtained by full-wave rectifying the alternating current of a commercial power supply of 100 V with a bridge rectifier circuit is input to the input terminal Vi of the switching power supply device. This direct current is applied to the switching transistor in the switching IC 20 via the smoothing capacitor 22 and the primary winding P1 of the transformer 10. The outputs of the secondary windings S1 and S2 of the transformer are rectified and smoothed by a circuit including a diode 23 and a smoothing capacitor 24, and output as, for example, a DC of 12V. The secondary winding has a configuration in which two windings S1 and S2 having the same number of turns are connected in parallel. The bias winding of the transformer 10 is composed of two bias windings PB-1 and PB-2 having the same number of turns, and the two bias windings PB-1 and PB-2 are connected in parallel. Yes. The output of the bias winding is applied to the feedback terminal FB of the switching IC 20, converted into a direct current by a rectifier circuit including the diode 25 and the smoothing capacitor 26, and applied to the power supply terminal Vcc of the switching IC 20. Further, the output of the bias winding is converted into a direct current by a rectifier circuit including a diode 27 and a smoothing capacitor 28, and is used as a primary control power source or the like as a direct current of 20V, for example.

図４のスイッチング電源回路は、図１の回路において、バイアス巻線ＰＢを１次巻線Ｐ２と同じ巻数の巻線とすることによりバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とし、１次巻線Ｐ２もバイアス巻線とみたてバイアス巻線ＰＢ−２とし、バイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とを並列に接続したものということができる。すなわち、１次巻線Ｐ２をバイアス巻線と兼用させたものということができる。なお、図３において、２つのバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とはトランスの内部で並列に接続されているが、図４においては、２つのバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とはトランスの外側で並列に接続されている。   The switching power supply circuit of FIG. 4 is the same as the bias winding PB-1 in the circuit of FIG. 1, but the bias winding PB is the same number of turns as the primary winding P2, and the primary winding P2 is also a bias winding. It can be said that the bias winding PB-2 is regarded as a line, and the bias windings PB-1 and PB-2 are connected in parallel. That is, it can be said that the primary winding P2 is also used as the bias winding. In FIG. 3, two bias windings PB-1 and PB-2 are connected in parallel inside the transformer, but in FIG. 4, two bias windings PB-1 and PB-2 are connected to each other. Are connected in parallel outside the transformer.

図５に、本発明の実施例２のトランス１０の巻線構造を示す。図は、トランスの片側の断面を示すものである。ボビン１６には、巻線１４として、順に１次巻線Ｐ１、２次巻線Ｓ１、バイアス巻線ＰＢ−１、２次巻線Ｓ２、バイアス巻線ＰＢ−２を巻き付けている。そして、２次巻線Ｓ２を、２つのバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とで挟み込む構造とする。   FIG. 5 shows a winding structure of the transformer 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows a cross section of one side of the transformer. As the winding 14, a primary winding P 1, a secondary winding S 1, a bias winding PB- 1, a secondary winding S 2, and a bias winding PB- 2 are wound around the bobbin 16 in order. The secondary winding S2 is sandwiched between two bias windings PB-1 and PB-2.

なお、図５では、２次巻線を同じ巻数の２つの巻線で構成し、２次巻線とバイアス巻線とを交互に配置している。２次巻線を１つの巻線とし、この２次巻線を２つのバイアス巻線で挟み込む構造とすることにより、結合度を高めることができるが、図５のように、２次巻線も同じ巻数の２つの巻線で構成し、互いに挟み込み合う構造とすることにより、さらに２次巻線とバイアス巻線の結合度を高くすることができる。また、バイアス巻線あるいは２次巻線の数を３つ以上とし、互いに挟み込み合う構造とすることにより、さらに結合度を高めることができる。   In FIG. 5, the secondary winding is composed of two windings having the same number of turns, and the secondary winding and the bias winding are alternately arranged. By making the secondary winding into one winding and sandwiching the secondary winding between the two bias windings, the degree of coupling can be increased. However, as shown in FIG. By configuring with two windings having the same number of turns and sandwiching each other, the degree of coupling between the secondary winding and the bias winding can be further increased. Further, the degree of coupling can be further increased by using three or more bias windings or secondary windings and sandwiching each other.

本実施例によれば、バイアス巻線ＰＢを第２の１次巻線Ｐ２と同じ巻数の巻線としてバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とし、１次巻線Ｐ２もバイアス巻線とみたてバイアス巻線ＰＢ−２とし、２つのバイアス巻線ＰＢ−１とＰＢ−２とを並列に接続するとともに、２次巻線を２つのバイアス巻線で挟み込むように巻き付けることにより、２次巻線とバイアス巻線との磁気的密着性を良くし、結合度を高めることができる。これにより、フィードバック制御の感度を高めることができ、出力電圧を安定化することができる。   According to the present embodiment, the bias winding PB is the same number of turns as the second primary winding P2, and the bias winding PB-1 is used as the bias winding PB-1. By connecting the two bias windings PB-1 and PB-2 in parallel and winding the secondary winding so as to be sandwiched between the two bias windings as PB-2, the secondary winding and the bias winding Magnetic adhesion with the wire can be improved and the degree of coupling can be increased. Thereby, the sensitivity of feedback control can be increased and the output voltage can be stabilized.

また、従来の１次巻線Ｐ２をバイアス巻線として用いることにより、バイアス巻線を追加する必要がないので、トランスが大型化することがなく、コストの増加を防ぐことができる。   Further, by using the conventional primary winding P2 as a bias winding, it is not necessary to add a bias winding, so that the transformer is not increased in size and an increase in cost can be prevented.

図６および図７に、スイッチング電源装置の特性を、図１，２に記載した改善前のスイッチング電源装置と、本実施例（改善後）のスイッチング電源装置とを比較して、示す。図６は、２０Ｖの負荷に５０ｍＡの電流を流したときの特性であり、図７は、２０Ｖの負荷をオープンとした特性である。両図において、横軸は負荷電流を、縦軸は出力電圧を示す。特に図６に見られるように、負荷電流を流した場合に、１２Ｖの出力電圧の変化が少なくなるとともに、２０Ｖの方の出力電圧も安定化している。   FIGS. 6 and 7 show the characteristics of the switching power supply device by comparing the switching power supply device before improvement described in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the switching power supply device of this embodiment (after improvement). FIG. 6 shows characteristics when a current of 50 mA is passed through a 20V load, and FIG. 7 shows characteristics when the 20V load is open. In both figures, the horizontal axis represents the load current and the vertical axis represents the output voltage. In particular, as shown in FIG. 6, when a load current is passed, the change in the output voltage of 12V is reduced and the output voltage of 20V is also stabilized.

本発明によれば、トランスの巻線を追加することなく、スイッチング電源装置の出力電圧を安定化することができ、トランスひいては電源装置の小型化や低価格化を達成できる。本発明のスイッチング電源装置は、エアコン、冷蔵庫、洗濯機などの制御用の電源のほか、電源一般に利用できる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the output voltage of the switching power supply device without adding a transformer winding, and to achieve downsizing and cost reduction of the transformer and the power supply device. The switching power supply device of the present invention can be used in general for power supplies in addition to power supplies for control of air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines and the like.

１０ トランス
１２ コア
１４ 巻線
１６ ボビン
１７ 端子
２０ スイッチングＩＣ
２２ 平滑コンデンサ
２３ ダイオード
２４ 平滑コンデンサ
２５ ダイオード
２６ 平滑コンデンサ
２７ ダイオード
２８ 平滑コンデンサ
Ｐ１ １次巻線
Ｐ２ 第２の１次巻線
Ｓ１，Ｓ２ ２次巻線
ＰＢ バイアス巻線
ＰＢ−１，ＰＢ−２ バイアス巻線10 Transformer 12 Core 14 Winding 16 Bobbin 17 Terminal 20 Switching IC
22 smoothing capacitor 23 diode 24 smoothing capacitor 25 diode 26 smoothing capacitor 27 diode 28 smoothing capacitor P1 primary winding P2 second primary winding S1, S2 secondary winding PB bias winding PB-1, PB-2 bias Winding

Claims (11)

１次巻線、２次巻線およびバイアス巻線を有するトランスを備え、
電源を前記１次巻線を介してスイッチング素子に接続するとともに、前記バイアス巻線の出力により前記スイッチング素子を制御することにより、前記２次巻線から安定化した電圧を出力するスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスのバイアス巻線を、同じ巻数の複数のバイアス巻線で構成し、前記複数のバイアス巻線を並列に接続し、
前記トランスの２次巻線を、前記複数のバイアス巻線で挟み込むように巻線したスイッチング電源装置。Comprising a transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding and a bias winding;
In a switching power supply apparatus that outputs a stabilized voltage from the secondary winding by connecting a power source to the switching element via the primary winding and controlling the switching element by an output of the bias winding ,
The bias winding of the transformer is composed of a plurality of bias windings having the same number of turns, and the plurality of bias windings are connected in parallel,
A switching power supply device in which a secondary winding of the transformer is wound so as to be sandwiched between the plurality of bias windings. 請求項１に記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスの２次巻線を、同じ巻数の複数の２次巻線で構成し、前記複数の２次巻線を並列に接続し、
前記トランスの複数の２次巻線と複数のバイアス巻線とを、交互に巻線したスイッチング電源装置。The switching power supply device according to claim 1,
The secondary winding of the transformer is composed of a plurality of secondary windings having the same number of turns, and the plurality of secondary windings are connected in parallel.
A switching power supply device in which a plurality of secondary windings and a plurality of bias windings of the transformer are alternately wound. 請求項１に記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスのバイアス巻線を、同じ巻数の２つのバイアス巻線で構成し、前記２つのバイアス巻線を並列に接続し、
前記トランスの２次巻線を、前記２つのバイアス巻線で挟み込むように巻線したスイッチング電源装置。The switching power supply device according to claim 1,
The bias winding of the transformer is composed of two bias windings having the same number of turns, and the two bias windings are connected in parallel,
A switching power supply device in which a secondary winding of the transformer is wound so as to be sandwiched between the two bias windings. 請求項３に記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスの２次巻線を、同じ巻数の２つの２次巻線で構成し、前記２つの２次巻線を並列に接続し、
前記トランスの２つの２次巻線と２つのバイアス巻線とを、交互に巻線したスイッチング電源装置。In the switching power supply device according to claim 3,
The secondary winding of the transformer is composed of two secondary windings having the same number of turns, and the two secondary windings are connected in parallel.
A switching power supply device in which two secondary windings and two bias windings of the transformer are alternately wound. 請求項１〜４の何れか一つに記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスのバイアス巻線に整流回路を接続し、直流を出力するスイッチング電源装置。In the switching power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A switching power supply device that outputs a direct current by connecting a rectifier circuit to the bias winding of the transformer. 請求項５記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記整流回路の出力を制御回路の電源としたスイッチング電源装置。In the switching power supply device according to claim 5,
A switching power supply apparatus using the output of the rectifier circuit as a power supply for a control circuit. 請求項１〜６の何れか一つに記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスの２次巻線に整流回路を接続し、直流を出力するスイッチング電源装置。In the switching power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A switching power supply device that outputs a direct current by connecting a rectifier circuit to the secondary winding of the transformer. １次巻線、２次巻線およびバイアス巻線を有するトランスを備え、
電源を前記１次巻線を介してスイッチング素子に接続するとともに、前記バイアス巻線の出力により前記スイッチング素子を制御することにより、前記２次巻線から安定化した電圧を出力するスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスは、更に、第２の１次巻線と同じ巻数の前記バイアス巻線を備え、
前記バイアス巻線と前記第２の１次巻線を並列に接続し、
前記トランスの２次巻線を、前記バイアス巻線と前記第２の１次巻線とで挟み込むように巻線したスイッチング電源装置。Comprising a transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding and a bias winding;
In a switching power supply apparatus that outputs a stabilized voltage from the secondary winding by connecting a power source to the switching element via the primary winding and controlling the switching element by an output of the bias winding ,
The transformer further includes the bias winding having the same number of turns as the second primary winding,
Connecting the bias winding and the second primary winding in parallel;
A switching power supply device in which a secondary winding of the transformer is wound so as to be sandwiched between the bias winding and the second primary winding. 請求項８に記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスの２次巻線を、同じ巻数の２つの２次巻線で構成し、前記２つの２次巻線を並列に接続し、
前記トランスの２次巻線と、前記バイアス巻線および前記第２の１次巻線とを、交互に巻線したスイッチング電源装置。The switching power supply device according to claim 8,
The secondary winding of the transformer is composed of two secondary windings having the same number of turns, and the two secondary windings are connected in parallel.
A switching power supply device in which a secondary winding of the transformer, the bias winding, and the second primary winding are alternately wound. 請求項８または９に記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスのバイアス巻線に整流回路を接続し、制御回路の電源としたスイッチング電源装置。In the switching power supply device according to claim 8 or 9,
A switching power supply device in which a rectifier circuit is connected to the bias winding of the transformer to serve as a power supply for the control circuit. 請求項８〜１０の何れか一つに記載のスイッチング電源装置において、
前記トランスの２次巻線に整流回路を接続し、直流を出力するスイッチング電源装置。In the switching power supply device according to any one of claims 8 to 10,
A switching power supply device that outputs a direct current by connecting a rectifier circuit to the secondary winding of the transformer.
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