JPWO2015045681A1 - Neonatal blood reservoir - Google Patents

Abstract

A blood reservoir for a newborn used in cardiac surgery using a neonatal heart-lung machine, a first chamber in which a blood outflow port is provided below, and venous blood removed from the vein of the newborn is stored; The second chamber is provided integrally with the upper side of the chamber, and is partitioned inside the first chamber and stores aspirated blood aspirated from the neonatal heart surgery field, and aspirated blood stored in the second chamber. , And a discharge passage (420a) of the communication passage (400) is located inside the first filter (110), and the discharge port (420a) and the first filter are provided in the first passage (400). (110), the aspirated blood is abutted when the aspirated blood is discharged from the discharge port (420a), and the aspirated blood transmitting member (120 It is provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a neonatal blood reservoir used in cardiac surgery using a newborn's heart-lung machine. Normally, “newborn” means an infant less than 28 days after birth, but in this specification, it is used to include infants after 28 days after birth. The term “newborn” in the present specification is a collective term for all newborns capable of performing appropriate heart surgery by using the “newborn blood reservoir” disclosed in the present specification. The term is used.

  In conventional cardiac surgery, an artificial heart-lung machine is used. An oxygenator is mainly composed of a blood reservoir, a blood pump, a heat exchanger, a blood circuit, an oxygenator, and the like. In such a heart-lung machine, first, blood that has been removed from the patient's vein (venous blood) and blood that has been aspirated from the surgical field (aspirated blood) is sent to the blood reservoir and temporarily stored in the blood reservoir. The

  The blood temporarily stored in the blood reservoir is sent to the heat exchanger by a blood pump, and the temperature of the blood is adjusted in the heat exchanger. In the artificial lung, gas exchange (carbon dioxide removal, oxygen addition) of blood whose temperature is adjusted is performed. Finally, this blood is returned to the patient's body as arterial blood.

  Such an artificial heart-lung machine temporarily substitutes the functions of the heart and lungs in cardiac surgery. For this reason, in the heart-lung machine, before sending blood back to the patient, it is necessary to remove foreign matters or bubbles mixed in the blood during the operation. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-88736 (Patent Document 1) shows a blood reservoir (a blood reservoir incorporating a cardiotomy reservoir) that can simultaneously remove foreign matters such as bone pieces and meat pieces and bubbles from the blood. ing.

JP 2010-88736 A

  When performing heart surgery on newborns, newborns and infants are less resistant than adults. Therefore, it is not preferable to mix blood sucked from the surgical field (aspirated blood) with venous blood in a blood reservoir in the same manner as an adult and return it to the body of the newborn. Normally, the aspirated blood is purified by a blood purification device and then returned to the body of the newborn.

  However, since the amount of blood in the heart of a newborn is smaller than that of an adult (about 200 ml to 300 ml for a newborn (weight 2000 g to 3000 g)), autologous blood may be required during surgery. In such a case, since it is necessary to urgently, it is unavoidably necessary to return the sucked blood to the body of the newborn. Even in such a case, it is necessary to remove foreign matters or bubbles mixed in the blood during the operation from the aspirated blood.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a newborn blood reservoir that can be optimally used in cardiac surgery using a newborn artificial heart-lung machine.

  The blood reservoir for a newborn based on the present invention is a blood reservoir for a newborn used in heart surgery using a newborn's heart-lung machine, and is provided with a blood outflow port below and a vein that has been deblooded from the vein of the newborn A first chamber in which blood is stored and a second chamber which is integrally provided above the first chamber, is partitioned from the first chamber, and stores aspirated blood sucked from a neonatal heart surgery field And a communication passage for sending out the aspirated blood stored in the second chamber to the first chamber side, and a passage opening / closing member for opening and closing the communication passage.

  The second chamber is provided with a venous blood flow inlet port through which venous blood removed from a newborn baby's vein flows, and one end of the second chamber and the first chamber is provided with the venous blood inlet. An internal conduit connected to the port and having the other end reaching the region near the blood outflow port of the first chamber is provided. The inside of the first chamber has an open top and a bottomed cylindrical shape. A first filter for filtering venous blood flowing out from the other end of the internal conduit is provided in the second chamber. A second filter is provided for filtering the aspirated blood introduced into the two chambers, the discharge port of the communication path is located inside the first filter, and between the discharge port and the first filter, Suction when sucked blood is discharged from the discharge port There with contact, suction blood transmission member is provided to flow a sucking blood to the blood outlet port side of the lower.

  In another embodiment, the suctioned blood transmission member is provided in the first filter so as to be inclined, and the discharge port is provided to face the upper side of the suctioned blood transmission member.

  In another form, the internal conduit includes a first internal conduit and a second internal conduit that are arranged in parallel, and the aspirated blood discharged from the discharge port is the first internal conduit and the first internal conduit. Passes between two internal conduits.

  In another embodiment, the first chamber and the second chamber are formed of a translucent member so that the amount of blood stored inside can be visually recognized from the outside.

  In another embodiment, the passage opening / closing member is a cock that opens to open the communication passage and pulls down to close the communication passage.

  According to the newborn blood reservoir based on the present invention, it is possible to provide a newborn blood reservoir that can be optimally used in heart surgery using a newborn's heart-lung machine.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the blood reservoir for newborns. It is a side view which shows the whole structure of the blood reservoir for newborns. It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the blood reservoir for newborns. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the whole structure of the blood reservoir for newborns. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4. It is a partial expanded sectional view of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a newborn blood reservoir based on the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that in the embodiments described below, when referring to the number, amount, and the like, the scope of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the number, amount, and the like unless otherwise specified. In addition, it is planned from the beginning to use a combination of the configurations appearing in each embodiment as appropriate.

  In this specification, venous blood refers to blood that has been removed from the blood vessels of neonates (patients) via a cannula, and aspirated blood refers to blood (vented blood and suctioned blood) that has been aspirated from inside and outside the heart of the operative field. Show. In the present specification, the foreign substance refers to substances other than blood that may be contained in aspirated blood such as fat globules, meat pieces, bone pieces, denatured proteins, and aggregates.

  With reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the external structure of the newborn blood reservoir 1 will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire structure of the newborn blood reservoir 1, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the entire structure of the newborn blood reservoir 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the entire structure of the newborn blood reservoir 1. .

  The neonatal blood reservoir 1 is used in heart surgery using a neonatal heart-lung machine. A first chamber (venous blood reservoir) 100 is provided below, and a second chamber (cardiotomy blood reservoir) 200 is provided on the first chamber 100.

  In the first chamber 100, venous blood B10 that has been removed from the vein of a newborn is stored inside. A blood outflow port 100P for discharging the stored blood B30 is provided below. In addition, a connection port 150 that can connect the artificial cardiopulmonary apparatus is provided.

  The second chamber 200 is provided integrally with the first chamber 100 and is partitioned from the first chamber 100 inside. In the second chamber 200, aspirated blood B20 sucked from the neonatal heart surgery field is stored.

  The first chamber 100 and the second chamber 200 are made of a resin molded product. The first chamber 100 and the second chamber 200 may be formed of a translucent member so that the internal blood storage amount and the internal blood state can be visually recognized from the outside. For example, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and the like can be mentioned.

  In the upper part of the second chamber 200, a venous blood flow inlet port 210P into which venous blood B10 removed from the newborn's veins flows and a suction blood flow into which sucked blood B20 sucked from the neonatal heart surgery field flows. Port 220P is provided.

  As will be described later, an internal conduit 500 is connected to the venous blood inlet port 210P, and venous blood B10 flowing from the venous blood inlet port 210P is sent into the first chamber 100 through the internal conduit 500. It is.

  The suction blood flow port 220P has a first suction blood flow port 221P, a second suction blood flow port 222P, a third suction blood flow port 223P, and a fourth suction blood flow port 224P. In this specification, the suction blood flow inlet port 220P is collectively referred to.

  In the second chamber 200, an upper portion of a cock 300 as a passage opening / closing member for opening and closing a communication passage 400 described later is exposed. As shown in FIG. 3, the cock 300 includes a main body portion 310 and a lever portion 320, and the main body portion 310 moves up and down by rotating the lever portion 320.

  When the lever part 320 is located at the “close” position, the main body part 310 is pulled down and the communication path 400 is closed. On the other hand, when the lever part 320 is rotated to the “open” position, the main body part 310 is pulled up and the communication path 400 is opened.

  Next, the internal structure of the neonatal blood reservoir 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire structure of the newborn blood reservoir 1, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG.

  The first chamber 100 and the second chamber 200 are partitioned by a partition wall 350. A suction blood defoaming filter 210 having a cylindrical shape and a foreign substance removal filter 220 provided so as to surround the outside of the suction blood defoaming filter 210 are located below the suction blood flow entering port 220P of the first chamber 100. Is provided. The suction blood defoaming filter 210 and the foreign matter removal filter 220 constitute a second filter that filters the suctioned blood B20.

  For example, urethane foam is used for the suction blood defoaming filter 210. Further, the foamed urethane may be coated with an antifoaming agent, such as silicone, that defoams when the bubbles come into contact. Thus, when the aspirated blood comes into contact with the aspirated blood defoaming filter 210, the bubbles contained in the aspirated blood are ruptured by the defoaming agent.

  A mesh cloth (screen mesh) may be used for the foreign matter removal filter 220. The pore size of the mesh cloth is preferably about 20 to 40 μm.

  The aspirated blood B20 taken into the second chamber 200 from the aspirated blood flow inlet port 220P passes through the aspirated blood defoaming filter 210 and the foreign matter removing filter 220, and is sent to the communication path 400 to be temporarily in the second chamber. It is stored inside 200.

  The communication path 400 includes a pool portion 410 in which a part of the partition wall 350 is formed in a funnel shape, and a discharge pipe 420 that is provided below the pool portion 410 and extends downward. At the lower end of the discharge pipe 420, there is provided a discharge port 420a extending so as to incline. Thus, by inclining the discharge port 420a with respect to the discharge conduit 420, the flow rate of the aspirated blood B20 that falls through the discharge conduit 420 can be reduced.

  An opening 410 h is provided at the lower end of the reservoir 410. The opening 410h can be opened and closed by an O-ring 310r provided at the lower end of the main body 310 of the cock 300. In the state shown in FIG. 4, the opening 410 h is closed by the O-ring 310 r in a state where the main body 310 is pushed down. Therefore, the aspirated blood B20 is temporarily stored in the reservoir 410.

  The state shown in FIG. 6 is a state in which the main body 310 is pushed upward, and the opening 410h is opened. Therefore, the aspirated blood B20 in the pool portion 410 is released to the second chamber 200 side through the discharge conduit 420 and the discharge port 420a.

  As shown in FIG. 4, an internal conduit 500 is connected to the venous blood flow inlet port 210P. The internal conduit 500 passes through the partition wall 350, and the other end (lower end) reaches the vicinity of the blood outflow port 100 </ b> P of the first chamber 100. As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the internal conduit 500 includes a first internal conduit 510 and a second internal conduit 520 that are arranged in parallel.

  The first chamber 100 has an open top and a bottomed cylindrical shape. The other end of the inner conduit 500 is accommodated therein, and the venous blood flowing out from the other end of the inner conduit 500 The 1st filter 110 which filters is provided. The first filter 110 has a frame structure 110f, and a filter member 110g is provided between the frame structures 110f. A mesh cloth (screen mesh) may be used as the filter member 110g. The pore size of the mesh cloth is preferably about 20 to 40 μm.

  Further, the aspirated blood B20 abuts between the discharge port 420a and the first filter 110 when the aspirated blood is discharged from the discharge port 420a, and the aspirated blood B20 flows to the lower blood outflow port 100P side. A transmission member 120 is provided.

  The aspiration blood transmission member 120 is provided so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction along the frame structure 110f, and the discharge port 420a is provided so as to face the upper side of the aspiration blood transmission member 120.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the discharge line 420 is disposed so that the aspirated blood B20 discharged from the discharge port 420a passes between the first internal line 510 and the second internal line 520. . As a result, the aspirated blood B20 can flow to the blood outflow port 100P side using the entire surface of the aspirated blood transmission member 120.

  The aspirated blood transmission member 120 is a member that suppresses the flow rate of the aspirated blood B20 delivered from the discharge port 420a and guides the aspirated blood B20 to the blood outflow port 100P without foaming the aspirated blood B20. The aspirated blood transmission member 120 is formed of a foam material that is formed in a plate shape that expands in the vertical and horizontal directions and is compressed in the thickness direction.

A material having a density D corresponding to the inclination angle α of the frame structure 110f is used for the aspiration blood transmission member 120. For example, the suction blood transmission member 120 may be made of a material having a density D within a range of 0.12 g / cm ³ to 0.16 g / cm ³ . Here, the aspiration blood transmission member 120 is made of a material having a density D of 0.13 g / cm ³ .

  For example, urethane foam is used for the sucked blood transmission member 120. Specifically, the suction blood transmission member 120 is made of compressed urethane foam obtained by compressing urethane foam. The compressed urethane foam used here is formed by compressing a urethane foam having a thickness of 10 mm to a thickness of 2 mm.

For example, when a foamed urethane having a commercially available density of 26 to 30 kg / m ³ is compressed as described above, a compressed foamed urethane having a density of 0.13 to 0.15 g / cm ³ is obtained.

  In general, as the density D of the material of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 increases, the gap of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 decreases. For this reason, when the density D of the material of the aspiration blood transmission member 120 increases, the aspiration blood hardly penetrates into the aspiration blood transmission member 120. That is, when the density D of the material of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 is increased, the aspirated blood is easily transmitted through the surface of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 without penetrating into the aspirated blood transmission member 120.

  For this reason, when the density D of the material of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 increases, the speed at which the aspirated blood is transmitted through the aspirated blood transmission member 120 tends to increase. For this reason, for example, it is desirable to arrange the aspirated blood transmission member 120 so that the inclination angle α of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 becomes gentle as the density D of the material of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 increases. Note that the inclination angle α is an angle formed between the horizontal plane and the aspiration blood transmission member 120.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which the density D of the aspirated blood transmission member 120 is 0.13 g / cm ³ . However, for the reasons described above, it is desirable to change the material density D when the inclination angle α of the frame structure 110f changes.

For example, when the inclination angle α is not less than 70 degrees, it is desirable that the density D is a porous material is in the range of from 0.02 g / cm ³ to 0.05 g / cm ^3. Further, when the inclination angle α is less than 70 degrees 65 degrees, it is desirable that the density D is a porous material is in the range of from 0.05 g / cm ³ to 0.20 g / cm ^3. Furthermore, when the inclination angle α is less than 65 degrees, it is desirable to use a porous material having a density D in the range of 0.20 g / cm ³ to 0.40 g / cm ³ .

  As described above, according to the neonatal blood reservoir 1 according to the present embodiment, even when autologous blood is required during surgery in heart surgery using a newborn's heart-lung machine, a clinical engineer, nurse, doctor, etc. The medical worker can give the newborn aspirated blood from which foreign substances, bubbles and the like have been removed while grasping the amount of blood exsanguinated from the newborn, that is, the amount of stored blood. In this way, it is possible to provide a blood reservoir for a newborn that can be optimally used in heart surgery using a newborn's heart-lung machine.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Neonatal blood reservoir, 100 1st chamber, 100P Blood outflow port, 110 1st filter, 110f Frame structure, 110g Filter member, 120 Suction blood transmission member, 150 Connection port, 200 2nd chamber, 210 Antifoam filter, 210P Venous blood flow port, 220 foreign matter removal filter, 220P suction blood flow port, 221P first suction blood flow port, 222P second suction blood flow port, 223P third suction blood flow port, 224P fourth suction blood Inflow port, 300 cock, 310 body, 310r O-ring, 320 lever, 350 partition, 400 communication path, 410 reservoir, 410h opening, 420 discharge pipe, 420a discharge port, 500 internal pipe, 510 1 internal conduit, 520 2nd internal conduit, B10 venous blood, B2 Suction blood, B30 stored blood.

Claims (5)

A neonatal blood reservoir used in heart surgery using a newborn heart-lung machine,
A first chamber in which a blood outflow port is provided below and venous blood removed from a newborn's vein is stored;
A second chamber that is integrally provided on the upper side of the first chamber, is partitioned from the first chamber, and stores aspirated blood aspirated from a neonatal heart surgery field;
A communication path for sending out aspirated blood stored in the second chamber to the first chamber;
A passage opening and closing member for opening and closing the communication passage,
The second chamber is provided with a venous blood inlet port through which venous blood exsanguinated from the neonatal vein flows.
Inside the second chamber and the first chamber, there is provided an internal conduit having one end connected to the venous blood flow inlet port and the other end reaching the region near the blood outflow port of the first chamber. ,
The first chamber has an open top and a bottomed cylindrical shape. The other end of the inner conduit is accommodated in the first chamber, and venous blood flowing out from the other end of the inner conduit is received. A first filter for filtering is provided;
Inside the second chamber, a second filter for filtering aspirated blood introduced into the second chamber is provided,
The discharge port of the communication path is located inside the first filter,
A suction blood transmission member is provided between the discharge port and the first filter so that the suctioned blood abuts when the sucked blood is discharged from the discharge port and flows the suctioned blood to the lower blood outlet port side. A newborn blood reservoir. The aspiration blood transmission member is provided in the first filter so as to be inclined,
The blood reservoir for a newborn according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is provided to face the upper side of the suctioned blood transmission member. The internal conduit includes a first internal conduit and a second internal conduit arranged in parallel,
The neonatal blood reservoir according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aspirated blood discharged from the discharge port passes between the first internal conduit and the second internal conduit.   The said 1st chamber and the said 2nd chamber are for the newborns of any one of Claims 1-3 currently formed of the translucent member so that internal blood storage amount can be visually recognized from the outside. Blood reservoir.   5. The neonatal blood reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the passage opening / closing member is a cock that opens to open the communication passage and closes the communication passage by pulling down.

Images