JPWO2013099106A1 - Filtration unit using depth filter, and filtration device using depth filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes one or a plurality of cylindrical depth filters open at both ends, and a casing. The casing accommodates the depth filter so that the internal space can be moved to the secondary side at both ends of the depth filter. A partition member that partitions the pair of first spaces that communicate with the space and a second space that faces the outer peripheral surface of the depth filter, and is provided so as to face each of the first spaces S2, and 2 at both ends of the depth filter. A pair of filtered water outlets for flowing filtrate from the secondary space to the outside of the housing, and a raw water supply port portion that is provided to face the second space and flows raw water into the housing; It is characterized by that.

Description

  The present invention relates to a filtration unit that filters water or the like using a depth filter, and a filtration device that uses a depth filter.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a filtering device using a depth filter.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the filtration device includes a depth filter 102 and a housing 104 that accommodates the depth filter 102. The depth filter 102 has a cylindrical shape extending vertically. The upper end of the depth filter 102 is opened and the lower end is closed. The housing 104 includes a main body portion 106 that accommodates the depth filter 102 therein, and a filtered water extraction portion 108 that guides water (filtrated water fw) filtered by the depth filter 102 to the outside of the housing 104. . In the main body 106, raw water (water before filtering) rw flows from the outer peripheral surface 102 a of the depth filter 102 toward the hollow portion (region surrounded by the inner peripheral surface 102 b of the depth filter 102) 103. The filtrate extraction part 108 is provided on the upper side of the depth filter 102 and guides the filtrate fw from the hollow part 103 to the outside of the housing 104.

  In the filtering device 100, when the raw water rw is supplied into the main body portion 106 of the housing 104, it passes through the depth filter 102 from the outer peripheral surface 102 a toward the hollow portion 103. At this time, foreign water such as particles contained in the raw water rw is captured by the depth filter 102, whereby the raw water rw is filtered. Specifically, foreign matters such as particles contained in the raw water rw are pushed into the depth filter 102 by the water flow (that is, the pressure from the raw water rw) when the raw water rw passes through the depth filter 102, and the depth filter Captured by the fibers that make up 102.

  The filtered water extraction unit 108 guides the filtered water (filtered water) fw that has reached the hollow portion 103 to the outside of the housing 104, whereby the filtered water fw is obtained.

  In general, in a filtration apparatus, improvement in processing capacity (filtration flow rate per unit time) is required. Therefore, in the filtration device 100 using the depth filter 102 described above, if the treatment flow rate (the flow rate of the raw water rw supplied to the main body 106 of the housing 104) is increased in order to increase the treatment capacity, the filtration accuracy is lowered. This is because when the flow rate of the raw water rw passing through the depth filter 102 from the outer peripheral surface 102a toward the hollow portion 103 increases, the pressure due to the raw water rw increases. This is because the trapped particles and the like pass through the depth filter 102 and are pushed out to the hollow portion (secondary side) 103.

JP 2010-207800 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration unit that uses a depth filter and a filtration device that uses a depth filter that can improve the processing flow rate without causing a reduction in filtration accuracy.

  According to the filtration unit using the depth filter according to one aspect of the present invention, it is a filtration unit that produces filtered water by filtering raw water, and has one or more cylindrical depth filters open at both ends, A housing for housing the depth filter. The housing communicates the internal space of the housing with a secondary side space defined by the inner peripheral surface of the depth filter at both end sides of the depth filter accommodated in the internal space. 1 space, a partition member that partitions into a second space facing the outer peripheral surface of the depth filter, and a secondary space provided at both ends of the depth filter. A pair of filtrate outlets for allowing filtrate water from the casing to flow out to the outside of the casing, and a raw water supply port section that is provided so as to face the second space and allows the raw water to flow into the casing. .

  Further, according to the filtration apparatus using the depth filter according to one aspect of the present invention, the filtration apparatus for producing the filtrate by filtering the raw water, the filtration unit and the raw water supply port of the filtration unit. And a pump for supplying raw water into the casing.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a ballast water production apparatus (filtration apparatus) according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged system diagram of the filtration unit of the ballast water production apparatus and its periphery. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the filtration unit. FIG. 4 is an operation process chart of the ballast water production apparatus. FIG. 5 is an enlarged system diagram of a filtration unit and its periphery of a ballast water production apparatus according to another embodiment. FIG. 6 is an enlarged system diagram of a filtration unit and its periphery of a ballast water production apparatus according to another embodiment. FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining a filtration unit according to another embodiment. FIG. 8 is a view for explaining a contact state between the cylindrical sealing material and the depth filter in the filtration unit of FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional filtration device using a depth filter with one end closed.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the filtration device according to the present embodiment is used as a ballast water production device 1 that filters seawater (raw water RW) to generate ballast water (filtered water FW) of a ship S. In addition, the use of the said filtration apparatus is not limited to a ballast water manufacturing apparatus. The filtration device is, for example, for general industrial use (for example, for artificial kidney washing water, for health drinking water, for cosmetics, for use in fragrances), for chemical use (for example, for paints, for inks, for various resins, for adhesives). Oils, fats, catalysts, solvents, surface treatments, etc.), foods (eg, beer, sake, shochu, amino acids, miso, drinking water, isomerized sugar, juice, edible oil Etc.), for electronic use (for example, for cleaning IC substrates, for etching solutions, for liquid crystals, for magnetic materials, for photoresists, for ceramic raw materials, etc.), for water treatment (for example, for clean water, for sewage, for pool water) , For bath water, for seawater (for ships, for aquaculture, etc.), etc.

  The ballast water production apparatus (filtering apparatus) 1 includes a ballast pump 2 that takes the raw water RW into the ship S, and a filtration unit 4 that filters the raw water RW taken into the ship S. The ballast water production apparatus 1 is installed in the ship S. The raw water passage 5, the water supply passage 8, and the discharge passage 14 are connected to the filtration unit 4 directly or indirectly. The raw water RW is supplied to the raw water passage 5 by the ballast pump 2. The water supply passage 8 supplies the filtrate FW from the filtration unit 4 to the ballast tank 6 installed in the ship S. The discharge passage 14 discharges the drain discharged from the filtration unit 4 to the outside of the ship. Further, a merging pipe (merging passage) 80 is connected to the filtration unit 4 and the water supply passage 8. The joining pipe 80 joins the filtrate FW flowing out from both ends of the filtration unit 4 and sends it to the water supply passage 8. A gas supply passage 12 for supplying the compressed air A is connected to the merging pipe 80.

  Each passage 5, 8, 12, 14, 80 is formed by piping. The filtration unit 4 includes a cylindrical unit main body (housing) 40 and a depth filter 10 accommodated in the unit main body 40. The depth filter 10 is a filter medium.

  In the present embodiment, the ballast pump 2 is mounted on the ship S, but is not limited to this installation position. The ballast pump 2 may be installed outside the ship (for example, a port) without any restriction on the installation location.

  The raw water passage 5 includes a first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 and a primary pressure sensor P1. The first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 functions as an adjustment valve for the raw water flow rate. The primary pressure sensor P <b> 1 is provided between the first automatic opening / closing valve MV <b> 1 and the filtration unit 4 in the raw water passage 5. That is, the primary pressure sensor P <b> 1 is provided on the primary side of the filtration unit 4.

  The water supply passage 8 includes a second automatic opening / closing valve MV2 and a secondary pressure sensor P2. The second automatic opening / closing valve MV2 functions as a water supply valve for the filtered water FW. The secondary pressure sensor P <b> 2 is provided between the second automatic opening / closing valve MV <b> 2 and the filtration unit 4 in the water supply passage 8. That is, the secondary pressure sensor P <b> 2 is provided on the secondary side of the filtration unit 4.

  One end of the water supply passage 8 is connected to the junction pipe 80, and the other end of the water supply passage 8 is connected to the ballast tank 6. Further, the water supply passage 8 includes a mixer 26 on the upstream side of the ballast tank 6. The mixer 26 agitates the sterilizing drug and filtered water FW introduced from the drug tank 28. The chemical | medical agent thrown in is hypochlorous acid and a peroxide, for example. In addition, it replaces with the method of throwing in a chemical | medical agent, the other well-known sterilization means for manufacturing the treated water corresponding to the standard prescribed | regulated by the ballast water management convention may be used. Specific examples include a method of contacting with ozone and a method of irradiating with ultraviolet rays.

  The gas supply passage 12 includes a third automatic opening / closing valve MV3 that functions as a compressed air introduction valve. The discharge passage 14 includes a fourth automatic opening / closing valve MV4 that acts as a drain valve. One end of the gas supply passage 12 is connected to an unillustrated air compressor, and the other end of the gas supply passage 12 is connected to the vicinity of the connection portion of the merging pipe 80 with the water supply passage 8.

  Driving of the ballast pump 2 and the first to fourth automatic opening / closing valves MV <b> 1 to MV <b> 4 is controlled by the controller 30. The outputs of the primary pressure sensor P1 and the secondary pressure sensor P2 are input to the controller 30.

  As said air compressor, what is mounted in the ship for another use may be used, and an exclusive thing may be installed. Moreover, an air drive valve, an electric valve, an electromagnetic valve, or the like is used as each of the automatic opening / closing valves MV1 to MV4. In addition, the manual valve which does not use a controller may be used as each automatic opening-and-closing valve MV1-MV4.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the filtration unit 4 includes a unit main body (housing) 40 and a depth filter 10 accommodated in the unit main body 40. The depth filter 10 has a cylindrical shape (more specifically, a hollow cylindrical shape) that is open at both ends.

  The unit main body 40 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall portion (peripheral wall) 42, a pair of end wall portions 44 and 44 that respectively close both ends of the peripheral wall portion 42, and a pair of filtered water guide portions (filtered portions) provided on the end wall portion 44. Water extraction part) 46, 46.

  The peripheral wall portion 42 surrounds the depth filter 10 in the circumferential direction so that a space (outer peripheral space: second space) S <b> 1 is formed between the peripheral wall portion 42 and the outer peripheral surface 10 a of the depth filter 10. The peripheral wall portion 42 has a cylindrical shape having an inner peripheral surface 42 b having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the depth filter 10. For this reason, when the depth filter 10 is disposed in the unit main body 40, the outer peripheral space S <b> 1 is formed between the outer peripheral surface 10 a of the depth filter 10 and the inner peripheral surface 42 b of the peripheral wall portion 42.

  The peripheral wall portion 42 has a raw water supply port portion 18 and a drain discharge port portion 22. The raw water supply port 18 is a part for supplying the raw water RW into the unit main body 40 (outer peripheral space S1) from the outside. The raw water supply port 18 is provided at an intermediate position in the central axis C direction on the peripheral wall 42. That is, the raw water passage 5 is connected to the raw water supply port 18, and the raw water RW is supplied from the raw water passage 5 into the unit body 40 through the raw water supply port 18. The raw water supply port 18 has a supply port 18a provided so as to face the outer peripheral space S1. The supply port 18a communicates the inside (outer peripheral space S1) of the unit body 40 with the outside.

  The drain discharge port 22 is a part for discharging the fluid (drain) in the unit main body 40 to the outside. The drain discharge port portion 22 is provided at the lowest position in the peripheral wall portion 42 (a position corresponding to the lowest position in the outer peripheral space S1). That is, the discharge passage 14 is connected to the drain discharge port portion 22, and the drain is discharged from the unit main body 40 to the discharge passage 14 through the drain discharge port portion 22. The drain discharge port 22 has a drain discharge port 22a provided so as to face the outer peripheral space S1. The drain discharge port 22a communicates the inside (outer peripheral space S1) of the unit main body 40 with the outside.

  The peripheral wall portion 42 has a plurality of guide portions 48. The plurality of guide portions 48 are formed so as not to obstruct the flow of the raw water RW, and position the depth filter 10 in the radial direction in the unit main body 40. By this positioning, a predetermined space (outer peripheral space S1) is formed between the inner peripheral surface 42b of the peripheral wall portion 42 and the outer peripheral surface 10a of the depth filter 10. Each guide portion 48 is a portion that protrudes radially inward on the inner peripheral surface 42b of the peripheral wall portion 42, and has a predetermined width in the circumferential direction. In addition, the guide part 48 may be formed integrally with the surrounding wall part 42, and may be formed as a different body.

  The cross-sectional shape of each guide portion 48 in a cross section including the central axis C (the paper surface of FIG. 2) is a substantially triangular shape. The plurality of guide portions 48 having such shapes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, four guide portions 48 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at each position where the depth filter 10 is divided into approximately three equal parts in the longitudinal direction. Each guide portion 48 has a length dimension in the protruding direction such that the tip of the depth filter 10 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 10a when the depth filter 10 is concentric with the peripheral wall portion 42. In addition, the specific shape of the guide part 48 is not limited. For example, the guide portion may be a ring shape that is continuous in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall portion 42 and protrudes inward in the radial direction of the peripheral wall portion 42 from the inner peripheral surface 42b. Alternatively, a taper-shaped filter guide may be installed on the opposite (receiving) side of the operation side for inserting the depth filter 10 into the unit main body 40. This tapered guide can also be used when loading a plurality of depth filters 10, 10,.

  When the depth filter 10 is replaced, the depth filter 10 is arranged in the radial direction in the unit main body 40 only by arranging the depth filter 10 so that the outer peripheral surface 10 a contacts the tip of each guide portion 48 in the unit main body 40. Positioned at a predetermined position. In the filtration unit 4, one or both end wall portions 44 are detachably attached to the peripheral wall portion 42. For this reason, the depth filter 10 can be replaced by removing the end wall portion 44 from the peripheral wall portion 42.

  In addition, since the plurality of guide portions 48 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at each predetermined position in the central axis C direction, when the depth filter 10 is arranged in the unit body 40, the predetermined interval is set. It is formed between the peripheral wall portion 42 and the depth filter 10. Thereby, the outer peripheral space S1 along the outer peripheral surface 10a of the depth filter 10 is ensured. In the present embodiment, the lengths of the guide portions 48 in the protruding direction are the same. For this reason, the outer peripheral space S <b> 1 has a substantially constant width in the circumferential direction of the depth filter 10.

  In addition, since the plurality of guide portions 48 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at each predetermined position in the central axis C direction, when the depth filter 10 is arranged in the unit body 40, the depth filter 10 The raw water RW can pass between the guide portions 48, 48 on the outside. That is, the flow of raw water in the direction of the central axis C is allowed in the outer circumferential space S1. For this reason, the raw water RW supplied to the unit main body 40 easily spreads over the entire outer peripheral space S1 so as to be in contact with substantially the entire outer peripheral surface 10a of the depth filter 10.

  Each filtered water guide 46 has a short cylindrical shape with both ends open. The filtered water guide 46 is provided on the end wall 44 of the unit body 40.

  A partition part (partition member) 50 is integrally provided on the depth filter 10 side of the filtrate water guide part 46. The partition 50 partitions the internal space of the unit body 40 into an outer peripheral space S1 and an inner space (first space) S2. The inner space S <b> 2 is a space surrounded by the filtered water guide portion 46 and the partition portion 50, and communicates with the hollow portion (a space surrounded by the inner peripheral surface 10 b of the depth filter 10) 11. The partition part 50 has a cylindrical shape having the same diameter as the filtered water guide part 46. And the partition part 50 has what is called an edge shape from which a thickness dimension becomes small toward a front-end | tip. The partition 50 is in liquid-tight contact with the end face of the depth filter 10 so as to surround the end opening of the depth filter 10. Or the edge-shaped front-end | tip of the partition part 50 has pierced the end surface of the depth filter 10. FIG. Thereby, in the position of the partition part 50, outer peripheral space S1 and inner side space S2 are partitioned off in a liquid-tight state. For this reason, in the contact part of the partition part 50 and the end surface of the depth filter 10, the outflow of the filtered water FW from the inner space S2 and the hollow part 11 to the outer peripheral space S1 is prevented. Further, the inflow of the raw water RW from the outer peripheral space S1 to the inner space S2 and the hollow portion 11 (a short path (leak) that does not pass through the depth filter 10) is prevented.

  In addition, although the partition part 50 of this embodiment is integrally formed with the filtered water guide part 46, a different body may be sufficient. In this case, for example, the partition part 50 may be formed integrally with the end wall part 44, the peripheral wall part 42, and the like. Moreover, the partition part 50 may be arrange | positioned in the unit main body 40 as a single member.

  Further, at both ends of the depth filter 10, the depth filter 10 and the tip of the partition 50 are in contact with each other. That is, the depth filter 10 is sandwiched between the pair of partition parts 50 and 50 in the central axis C direction. As a result, the depth filter 10 is positioned in the direction of the central axis C in the unit main body 40.

  In the filtered water guide part 46 and the partition part 50 of the present embodiment, the total volume of the inner space S2 is equal to the volume of the filtered water FW used for one backwashing (backwashing) of the depth filter 10. It is configured as follows. Or the filtrate water guide part 46 and the partition part 50 of this embodiment are comprised so that the volume which totaled the volume of inner space S2 may become larger than the volume of the filtrate water FW used for the said backwashing.

  The end of the filtered water guide 46 opposite to the partition 50 is open as described above. A merging pipe 80 having the same diameter as this end is connected to the opposite end of the filtered water guide 46. The filtered water FW flows out from the inner space S2 to the outside (merging pipe 80) through the opening 16 on the opposite side. Details of the junction pipe 80 will be described later.

  According to the filtered water guide 46 described above, the filtered water FW filtered by the depth filter 10 can be guided to the outside of the filtration unit 4 through the opening 16 at both ends of the depth filter 10.

  The depth filter 10 is detachably accommodated in the unit main body 40 of the filtration unit 4. The depth filter 10 is disposed such that the central axis C is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane H. The inclination angle α, which is an angle formed by the central axis C of the depth filter 10 and the horizontal plane H, is preferably 10 ° or more and 60 ° or less. More preferably, the inclination angle α is not less than 10 ° and not more than 45 °. More preferably, the inclination angle α is not less than 10 ° and not more than 30 °. In this embodiment, the inclination angle α is 25 °.

  The depth filter 10 is an external pressure type cylindrical filter. The depth filter 10 is, for example, a so-called laminated type in which synthetic fibers or chemical fibers are formed into a web, nonwoven fabric, paper, woven fabric, or the like, welded, molded, or the like and processed into a cylindrical shape. As the synthetic fiber, polyolefin, polyester, hot-melt polymer such as nylon or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, or polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylonitrile is used. When so-called backwashing (backflow washing) is performed, polyolefin, polyester, polypropylene, or the like is preferable as the synthetic fiber from the viewpoint of liquid drainability during filter replacement. Further, the depth filter 10 changes the density and fineness of the fiber in the thickness direction (radial direction). Specifically, on the outer peripheral surface 10a side (raw water inflow side) of the depth filter 10, a structure with low fiber density or high fineness is preferable. In addition, the depth filter 10 may be a so-called thread wound filter in which a filament or spun yarn is wound in a spiral shape, or a resin molding type that is a resin molded body such as a sponge.

  The pore diameter of the filtration membrane (depth filter 10) is appropriately selected according to the purpose. If the pore size of the filtration membrane is too small, clogging is likely to occur, and if the pore size is too large, small objects to be removed will not pass through and be removed. The hole diameter of the depth filter 10 of this embodiment is 1-25 micrometers. The hole diameter of the depth filter 10 is defined as follows.

A solution obtained by adding 10000 particles / L of particles having a certain diameter (preferably spherical polystyrene or glass beads) / L in water to a depth filter (outer diameter 60 mm, inner diameter 30 mm, length 250 mm) at 25 ° C., 1.0 m ³ / Water is passed under the condition of hr, and the number of particles that have passed through the depth filter is measured with an optical counter. And the collection rate (R%) obtained by dividing the difference in the number of particles present in the liquid before and after water flow by the number of particles present in the liquid before water flow is determined. Furthermore, using this collection rate (R%), the value of the diameter (S) of the particles where R is 80 in the following approximate formula (1) is determined, and this is used as the pore diameter.

R = 100 / (1−m × exp {−a × log (S)}) (1)
Here, m and a are constants determined by the properties of the depth filter.

  The pore diameter of the filtration membrane (depth filter) is preferably 50 to 100 μm in the case of general industrial use. The pore diameter is preferably 25 to 50 μm in the case of chemical use. Further, the pore diameter is preferably 1 to 10 μm for food. In addition, the hole diameter is preferably 0.5 to 5 μm in the case of electronic use. The pore diameter is preferably 1 to 25 μm for water treatment.

  Each end of the junction pipe (joint pipe section) 80 is connected to the corresponding filtrate water guide section 46. That is, the merging pipe 80 is connected to each filtered water guide section 46, and the filtered water FW is discharged from the filtered water guide section 46 to the merging pipe 80 through the opening 16 of the filtered water guide section 46.

  The joining pipe 80 joins the filtrate FW guided from the both ends of the depth filter 10 (hollow part 11) through the pair of filtrate guides 46, 46 to the outside of the filtration unit 4 and sends it to the water supply passage 8. The junction pipe 80 is a pipe extending in the direction of the central axis C. Both end portions of the merging pipe 80 are bent to the filtration unit 4 side and connected to the openings 16 of the filtrate water guide portion 46, respectively. A pipe connection portion 82 that can send out the filtrate FW that has flowed from the filtrate guide portions 46 and merged is provided at an intermediate position in the length direction of the merge pipe 80. The water supply passage 8 is connected to the pipe connection portion 82. In addition, although the pipe connection part 82 of this embodiment is provided in the center position of the said length direction of the merge pipe 80, it is not limited to this position. That is, the position of the pipe connecting portion 82 may be shifted from the center position to one end side.

  The gas supply passage 12 is connected to the vicinity of the pipe connection portion 82 of the junction pipe 80. Thereby, in the filtration unit 4 of this embodiment, the depth filter 10 can be backwashed. In this embodiment, the backwashing part which can supply filtered water FW to the hollow part 11 is comprised by the gas supply path 12 and the said air compressor.

  The backwash uses compressed air A that is supplied from the unillustrated air compressor to the junction pipe 80 through the gas supply passage 12 (see FIG. 1). The supply pressure of the compressed air A supplied from the gas supply passage 12 to the vicinity of the pipe connection portion 82 of the merging pipe 80 is 0.05 to 0.2 MPa higher than the indicated pressure of the primary pressure sensor P1. When the compressed air A is supplied from the gas supply passage 12 into the merging pipe 80 so as to achieve such a supply pressure, the supplied compressed air A is fed into the merging pipe 80 and the pair of inner spaces S2 (filtrated water guide). The filtered water FW accumulated in the part 46 and the partition part 50) is pressed. At this time, since the second automatic opening / closing valve MV2 is closed, the filtered water FW accumulated in the merge pipe 80 and the pair of inner spaces S2 is press-fitted into the hollow portion 11. At this time, the filtered water FW passes through the depth filter 10 from the hollow portion 11 toward the outer peripheral surface 10a (the outer peripheral space S1). As a result, foreign matters such as particles trapped in the depth filter 10 and foreign matters attached to the outer peripheral surface 10a are pushed out into the outer peripheral space S1 by the pressure of the filtered water FW. As a result, clogging of the depth filter 10 is eliminated, and the filtration performance is restored. Thus, in the ballast water production apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the filtration performance of the depth filter 10 is recovered by backwashing (that is, clogging is eliminated), and thereby the differential pressure during filtration of the depth filter 10 is reduced. The rise can be suppressed.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the fluid used for backwashing is filtered water FW, it is not limited to this. For example, the cleaning effect by backwashing is small, but the fluid may be a gas such as air or nitrogen. Further, the fluid may be a clean liquid (not containing foreign matters such as particles) other than filtered water. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the fluid (filtered water FW) is pressurized using the compressed air A in the case of backwashing, it is not limited to this structure. For example, the structure etc. which make the filtered water FW stocked by the tank flow backward using a pump etc. may be sufficient.

  Next, an operation method of the ballast water production apparatus 1, that is, a filtered water production method will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the operation method of the ballast water production apparatus 1 is an air venting process, a first switching process, a filtering process, a second switching process, a third switching process, a backwashing process, which are preparation processes for filtration, And a fourth switching step.

  When a ballast water production apparatus 1 is operated by operating a start button (not shown) installed in the controller 30, first, the ballast pump 2 is activated and the first automatic open / close valve MV1 and the fourth automatic open / close valve MV4 are opened. The air bleeding process starts. In the air venting process, the second automatic open / close valve MV2 and the third automatic open / close valve MV3 are closed. As a result, the supply of the filtered water FW from the depth filter 10 to the ballast tank 6 and the supply of the compressed air A from the junction pipe 80 to the filtration unit 4 are stopped. In this state, the raw water RW flows through the filtration unit 4 to the discharge passage 14 and is discharged out of the ship. In this way, the air in the raw water passage 5 and the filtration unit 4 is removed.

  Next, the second automatic opening / closing valve MV2 is opened and the first switching step is started. In the first switching step, the supply of compressed air A from the merging pipe 80 to the filtration unit 4 is stopped. Thereby, the raw water RW is supplied to the discharge passage 14 through the filtration unit 4, and the filtered water FW is supplied to the merge pipe 80 and the water supply passage 8 through the filtration unit 4.

  Subsequently, the fourth automatic opening / closing valve MV4 is closed and the filtration process is started. In the filtration step, the drainage from the filtration unit 4 and the supply of compressed air from the merging pipe 80 toward the filtration unit 4 are stopped. As a result, the raw water RW is supplied to the filtration unit 4 and the filtered water FW is sent to the water supply passage 8 via the junction pipe 80. At this time, the raw water RW passes through the depth filter 10 from the outer peripheral surface 10a toward the inner peripheral surface 10b and flows into the hollow portion 11, thereby removing foreign matters such as particles in the raw water RW and filtering. Then, the filtered water FW that has reached the hollow portion 11 flows into the junction pipe 80 from both ends of the hollow portion 11 through the inner space S2. Thus, in the ballast water production apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the filtrate FW flows out from both ends of the depth filter 10 (hollow part 11). Thus, in the said ballast water manufacturing apparatus 1, compared with the conventional filtration apparatus by which only one edge part of a cylindrical depth filter becomes a filtration area | region by making the both ends vicinity of the depth filter 10 into a filtration area | region, The filtration area in the depth filter 10 can be increased. For this reason, in the said ballast water manufacturing apparatus 1, increasing the process flow volume of raw | natural water RW, suppressing the flow volume (pressure by the raw | natural water RW at the time of passing the depth filter 10) of the raw | natural water RW per unit area in a filtration area | region. Can do. As a result, in the ballast water production apparatus 1, even if the treatment flow rate is increased as compared with a conventional filtration apparatus provided with a cylindrical depth filter whose one end is closed, it is possible to suppress a decrease in filtration accuracy. it can.

  The filtered water FW generated from the raw water RW in this way is supplied from the junction pipe 80 to the ballast tank 6 through the water supply passage 8.

  Next, the fourth automatic opening / closing valve MV4 is opened and the second switching step is started. In the second switching step, the raw water RW is supplied to the filtration unit 4 while the supply of the compressed air A from the junction pipe 80 to the filtration unit 4 is stopped. Thus, the filtered water FW flows through the water supply passage 8 through the junction pipe 80 and the raw water RW flows through the discharge passage 14.

  Subsequently, the ballast pump 2 is stopped, the first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 and the second automatic opening / closing valve MV2 are closed, and the third switching step is started. In the third switching step, the raw water RW is supplied from the ballast pump 2 to the filtration unit 4, the filtered water FW is supplied from the depth filter 10 to the ballast tank 6, and the compressed air A from the junction pipe 80 to the filtration unit 4 is supplied. Supply is stopped. Thus, it prepares for the supply start of the compressed air A to the reverse direction to the flow direction of the filtrate water FW in the next backwashing process.

  Next, the ballast pump 2 is stopped, the third automatic opening / closing valve MV3 is opened while the first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 and the second automatic opening / closing valve MV2 are closed, and the back washing process is started. In the backwashing process, the supply of the raw water RW from the ballast pump 2 to the filtration unit 4 and the supply of the filtered water FW to the ballast tank 6 are stopped. As a result, the compressed air A is supplied from the gas supply passage 12 into the merge pipe 80, and the filtrate FW accumulated in the merge pipe 80 and the inner space S2 passes through the depth filter 10 in the opposite direction to the filtration step. . As a result, foreign matters such as particles trapped in the depth filter 10 and foreign matters attached to the outer peripheral surface 10a are pushed out into the outer peripheral space S1. In this way, clogging of the depth filter 10 is eliminated, and the filtration performance of the depth filter 10 is restored.

  The extruded foreign matter is discharged to the discharge passage 14 through the drain discharge port 22 by the compressed air A and filtered water (filtered water used for backwashing) FW. At this time, the fluid containing the pushed-out foreign matter is drained by the dead weight of the unit main body 40 (the position corresponding to the lowest position in the outer peripheral space S1 in the unit main body 40: in the unit main body 40 of FIG. 2). It is easy to gather near the lower left). For this reason, the fluid containing the pushed-out foreign substance is efficiently discharged from the drain discharge port portion 22, and thereby flows as a drain through the discharge passage 14 and is discharged out of the ship.

  Subsequently, the third automatic opening / closing valve MV3 is closed and the fourth switching step is started. In the fourth switching step, the raw water RW is supplied from the ballast pump 2 to the filtration unit 4, the filtered water FW is supplied from the depth filter 10 to the ballast tank 6, and the compressed air A from the junction pipe 80 to the filtration unit 4 is supplied. Supply is stopped. Thereby, the supply to the hollow part 11 of the filtrate FW accumulated in the merge pipe 80 and the filtrate guide part 46 is stopped.

  Next, the ballast pump 2 is activated, and the first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 is opened, and the process returns to the air venting process. Thereafter, this loop is repeated. This loop is normally repeated a plurality of times, but may be completed once.

  The duration of the bleed process is variably set by a time limit device such as a timer. The set time varies depending on the scale of the processing equipment, but is, for example, about several seconds to 1 minute. The first, second, third, and fourth switching steps are very short, for example, about several seconds. This time is also variably set by a timing device such as a timer. Thus, it is possible to avoid sudden pressure fluctuations in the passage by passing through the first, second, third, and fourth switching steps before the filtration step and the backwashing step are started. it can. Although the time of a filtration process changes with the water quality of raw | natural water RW and the scale of an installation, it is about 10 minutes, for example. This time is also variably set by a timing device such as a timer. The transition from the filtration step to the second switching step may be performed when the differential pressure ΔP (= P1−P2) between the primary pressure sensor P1 and the secondary pressure sensor P2 becomes larger than a specified value.

  A sudden pressure change or a rapid flow rate change causes a water hammer in the ballast pump 2, the automatic open / close valves MV <b> 1 to MV <b> 4, and the passages 5, 8, 12, 14, 80. However, as in the operation method shown in FIG. 4, by adjusting the opening / closing timing of each of the automatic opening / closing valves MV1 to MV4, a mild operation is performed and the occurrence of water hammer is suppressed. Further, the backwashing of the depth filter 10 using the filtered water FW is larger than the backwashing using a gas such as air, so that the foreign matter such as particles trapped in the pores in the filter is larger. Extrusion pressure can be applied. As a result, effective backwashing for the depth filter 10 is performed. That is, clogging of the depth filter 10 can be effectively eliminated.

  In addition, in the ballast water manufacturing apparatus (filtration apparatus) 1 of this embodiment, although one filtration unit 4 is arrange | positioned, the number of the filtration units 4 arrange | positioned at the filtration apparatus 1 is not limited. That is, a plurality of filtration units 4, 4,... May be arranged in the filtration device 1. In this case, the raw water passage 5 is branched between the ballast pump 2 and the first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 and connected to each filtration unit 4, and the first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 corresponding to each filtration unit 4 is branched. Each raw water passage 5 is provided. Further, second to fourth automatic opening / closing valves MV2 to MV4 corresponding to the respective filtration units 4 are also provided. The water supply passage 8, the gas supply passage 12, and the discharge passage 14 extending from each filtration unit 4 merge on the downstream side of the automatic opening / closing valves MV <b> 2 to MV <b> 4 provided in each passage 8, 12, 14.

  According to the ballast water production apparatus 1 described above, the filtered water FW flows out from the hollow body 11 to the outside of the unit main body 40 through the inner spaces S2 at both ends of the cylindrical depth filter 10 (that is, cylindrical). By setting the vicinity of both end portions of the depth filter 10 as liquid end portions, the region (filtration region) through which the raw water RW passes in the depth filter 10 can be increased. Thereby, a process flow rate can be improved without accompanying the fall of filtration accuracy. Details are as follows.

  In the conventional filtration device 100 as shown in FIG. 9, that is, the filtration device 100 including the cylindrical depth filter 102 extending vertically and closed at the lower end, the flow when raw water rw is filtered is analyzed. It was. Then, it was found that the raw water rw concentratedly passed in the vicinity of the upper end portion of the depth filter 102 (hereinafter also referred to as “liquid passing end portion”). This is because the filtered water rw that has passed through the depth filter 102 and reached the hollow part flows out from the liquid passing end side to the filtered water extraction part 108, so that the resistance applied to the filtered water fw in this region is the highest in the hollow part 103. This is because it becomes lower. Therefore, in the filtration device (ballast water production device) 1 of the present embodiment, the tubular water depth is obtained by causing the filtrate water FW to flow out from both ends of the hollow portion 11 and making the vicinity of both end portions of the depth filter 10 be filtration regions, respectively. The filtration region in the depth filter 10 is increased as compared with the conventional filtration device 100 in which only the vicinity of one end of the filter is a filtration region. Thereby, the processing flow rate of raw water can be increased while suppressing the flow rate of raw water per unit area in the filtration region (pressure due to raw water when passing through the depth filter 10). In addition, processing of a conventional filtration device using a depth filter in which one end portion is closed by causing the filtrate water FW to flow out from both ends of the hollow portion 11 and making the vicinity of both end portions of the depth filter 10 be filtration regions, respectively. Compared to the flow rate, it becomes possible to make the treatment flow rate more than double without lowering the filtration accuracy.

  Moreover, according to said ballast water manufacturing apparatus 1, the drain of the drain to the unit main body 40 exterior can be made suitable. Moreover, the difference in the flow rate of the filtered water FW flowing out from the hollow portion 11 at both ends of the depth filter 10 can be suppressed.

  Specifically, the filtered water FW passes through the depth filter 10 from the hollow portion 11 toward the outer peripheral space S1 by being supplied to the hollow portion 11 by the backwashing portion having the gas supply passage 12 and the air compressor. To do. Foreign matter such as particles trapped inside the depth filter 10 during the filtration of the raw water RW is pushed out of the depth filter 10 (outer peripheral space S1) by the pressure of the filtered water FW at this time. Thereby, clogging of the depth filter 10 is eliminated, and the filtration performance of the depth filter 10 is restored. The fluid containing foreign matter such as particles pushed out of the depth filter 10 is lowered along the inner peripheral surface 42b by its own weight because the inner peripheral surface 42b of the peripheral wall portion 42 is inclined, and the outer peripheral space S1 Gather at the lowest position. By providing the drain discharge port portion 22 so that fluid containing foreign matters such as particles can be discharged from this position as drain, the drain can be suitably discharged to the outside of the unit main body 40.

  Thus, when the unit main body 40 is disposed so that the inner peripheral surface 42b of the peripheral wall portion 42 is inclined in order to facilitate drainage, the concentric depth filter 10 is also inclined. At this time, by setting the inclination angle α to 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less, it is possible to suppress the difference in the flow rate of the filtrate FW flowing out from the hollow portion 11 at both ends of the depth filter 10. Specifically, when the cylindrical depth filter 10 is disposed so as to be inclined, the filtered water FW easily flows out from the upper end of the hollow portion 11 due to the water pressure distribution of the filtered water FW. However, the flow rate of the filtered water FW that flows out from the upper end of the hollow portion 11 by disposing the depth filter 10 so that the central axis C thereof is 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less with respect to the horizontal plane H. And the difference between the flow rate of the filtered water FW flowing out from the lower end of the hollow portion 11 can be suppressed within an allowable range in the use of the ballast water production apparatus 1.

  The filtration unit using the depth filter of the present invention and the filtration device using the depth filter are not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course.

  In the filtration device (ballast water production device) 1 of the above embodiment, the depth filter 10 and the unit main body 40 are arranged so that the inclination angle α is 25 °. However, when the depth filter 10 and the unit main body 40 are arranged. The inclination angle is not limited to this angle. The depth filter 10 and the unit main body 40 are preferably arranged so that the inclination angle α is 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less. If the inclination angle α is within such a range, the flow rate of the filtrate FW flowing out from the upper end portion of the inclination angle hollow portion 11 and the flow rate of the filtrate water FW flowing out from the lower end portion of the hollow portion 11 are calculated. The difference can be suppressed within an allowable range in the use of the filtration device 1.

  Further, when the depth filter 10 and the unit main body 40 are arranged so that the inclination angle α is larger than 30 °, an orifice (throttle portion) 84 is provided in the merging pipe 80 as shown in FIG. It is preferable. The orifice 84 includes a pipe connection portion 82 where the filtrate water FW from both ends of the hollow portion 11 joins in the junction pipe 80, and a filtrate water guide portion 46 (opening 16) on the lower side (lower left side in FIG. 5). ) Is arranged between the end portion connected to (). Thus, by providing the orifice 84, the filtered water FW that has flowed out from the upper end (the upper right end in FIG. 5) of the hollow portion 11 and the lower end (in FIG. 5) of the hollow portion 11 are provided. The flow rate when flowing into the pipe connection portion 82 with the filtrate FW flowing out from the lower left end portion can be made the same or substantially the same. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the filtrated water FW that has flowed out from the lower end of the hollow portion 11 from being sent out from the merging pipe 80 to the water supply passage 8 more. That is, since the filtered water FW tends to flow out from the lower end of the hollow portion 11 due to the pressure distribution of the filtered water FW, the pressure and flow rate of the filtered water FW flowing out from the lower end of the hollow portion 11 by providing the orifice 84. Adjust. Thereby, the flow volume of the filtrate FW which flows out from the upper edge part and lower edge part of the hollow part 11 can be made the same or substantially the same. As a result, the desired flow rate and the desired filtration accuracy are easily obtained in the filtered water FW delivered from the junction pipe 80.

  The pressure and flow rate of the filtrate FW flowing out from the lower end of the hollow portion 11 in the merge pipe 80 are adjusted, and the flow rate of the filtrate FW flowing out from the upper end and the lower end of the hollow portion 11 is made the same. Or the specific structure for making it substantially the same is not limited. Instead of the orifice 84 of the above embodiment, for example, the diameter of the pipe (merging pipe 80) may be changed. Further, a valve or the like may be provided in the junction pipe 80. That is, a configuration (throttle portion) that can locally reduce the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the filtered water FW formed in the merging pipe 80 may be provided in the merging pipe 80. The diameter of the throttle part (the diameter of the flow path at the position where the cross-sectional area is locally reduced in the flow path) is determined based on the flow rate of the filtrate FW flowing out from the lower end of the hollow part 11 and the upper end. It is set (or adjusted) based on the flow rate distribution with the flow rate of the filtered water FW that flows out of the flow rate.

  Moreover, although the filtration unit 4 of the said embodiment is arrange | positioned so that the center axis | shaft C of the depth filter 10 may be 10 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal surface H, it is not limited to this arrangement | positioning. That is, in the filtration unit 4, the center axis C of the depth filter 10 may be parallel to the horizontal plane H or may be vertical.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the depth filter 10 and the unit main body 40A are arranged so that the central axis C is horizontal with respect to the horizontal plane H, the lower part of the unit main body 40A is at a predetermined position (drain discharge port portion 22). It is preferable to have a shape that becomes a downward slope toward the position). Since the lower portion of the unit main body 40A has such a shape, fluid including foreign matters such as particles pushed out to the outer peripheral space S1 by backwashing gathers at the drain discharge port portion 22 by its own weight. For this reason, these foreign substances can be suitably discharged. Moreover, the flow rate of the filtrate FW which flows out from the both ends of the hollow part 11 becomes the same or substantially the same by arrange | positioning the depth filter 10 horizontally.

  Moreover, the specific operating method of the filtration apparatus 1 is not limited. For example, the following operation may be performed.

  In the second switching step, the fourth automatic opening / closing valve MV4 is opened. Subsequently, the ballast pump 2 is operated in the third switching step, and the first automatic open / close valve MV1 and the fourth automatic open / close valve MV4 are opened. Thereafter, in the backwash process, the third automatic opening / closing valve MV3 is opened. That is, in the backwashing process, the raw water RW and air are simultaneously supplied to the filtration unit 4, and the drain pushed out from the depth filter 10 to the primary side by the air together with the raw water RW and air from the drain discharge port 22. It may be discharged.

  Moreover, in the filtration apparatus 1 of the said embodiment, although the one depth filter 10 is accommodated in the filtration unit 4, several depth filter 10,10, ... may be accommodated in the filtration unit. In this case, each depth filter 10 is arrange | positioned in parallel, and it arrange | positions so that the outer peripheral surfaces 10a may mutually be in the separated state. Details will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. In addition, the same code | symbol is used for the structure similar to the said embodiment, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, and only a different structure is demonstrated in detail.

  The filtration unit 4 includes a unit main body (housing) 40 and a filter module 210 accommodated in the unit main body 40. In the filtration unit 4, the depth filter 10 is replaced by replacing the filter module 210.

  The filter module 210 includes a plurality of depth filters 10, 10,..., And a pair of connecting members 212 that connect the depth filters 10 to each other. The number of depth filters 10 in the filter module 210 of the present embodiment is seven, but is not limited to this number.

  Each connecting member 212 is a plate-like member and has a plurality of holes 213, 213,... Through which the depth filter 10 is inserted. The pair of connecting members 212 and 212 are parallel or substantially parallel to each other with the adjacent depth filters 10 and 10 being spaced from each other by inserting the end portions of the depth filter 10 through the holes 213. The depth filters 10 are connected to each other. A plurality of notches (guided portions) 214 are provided on the peripheral portion of each connecting member 212 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The unit main body 40 includes a peripheral wall portion 42 and a pair of end wall portions 44A and 44B provided at both ends of the peripheral wall portion 42. The connecting members 212 are not limited to a pair, and may be one or three or more.

  The peripheral wall portion 42 includes a base packing 240, a plurality of module guides (axial guide members) 242, 242,..., And a raw water supply port portion 218.

  The pedestal packing 240 is an annular seal member. The pedestal packing 240 is attached to an inner peripheral surface 42 b of one end portion of the peripheral wall portion 42 (hereinafter referred to as “opening / closing side end portion”).

  The module guide 242 is a member that extends in the central axis direction of the peripheral wall portion 42. The module guide 242 is attached along the inner peripheral surface 42b in parallel with the central axis. The module guide 242 of this embodiment is a rod-shaped member, but is not limited to this shape, and may be a plate-shaped member extending in the central axis direction. In other words, the module guide 242 may have a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the shape of the notch 214 of the connecting member 212 and extending in the central axis direction.

  In this embodiment, six module guides 242 are attached with a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, but the number of module guides 242 is not limited to six.

  The module guide 242 is in sliding contact with the notch 214 of the connecting member 212 in the filter module 210. Specifically, each notch 214 is in sliding contact with the module guide 242 so that the filter module 210 (the connecting member 212) can move along the module guide 242 in the peripheral wall portion. As a result, the plurality of depth filters 10, 10,... Can be easily arranged at predetermined positions in the unit main body 40 so that the adjacent depth filters 10, 10 are parallel to each other with a space therebetween. it can.

  In the filtration unit 4, the raw water supply port 218 also serves as a drain discharge port. Specifically, the raw water passage 5 and the discharge passage 14 are connected to a branch pipe 219 extending from the raw water supply port 218. For this reason, when the first automatic opening / closing valve MV1 is opened and the fourth automatic opening / closing valve MV4 is closed, the raw water RW flows into the unit body 40 through the branch pipe 219 and the raw water supply port 218. Further, when the first automatic open / close valve MV1 is closed and the fourth automatic open / close valve MV4 is opened, the drain in the unit main body 40 is discharged from the unit main body 40 through the raw water supply port 218 and the branch pipe 219.

  Thus, since the raw | natural water supply port part 218 serves as the drain discharge port part, it is provided in the lower end side in the surrounding wall part 42 of the unit main body 40 inclined.

  One end wall portion (open / close side end wall portion) 44A is provided at the open / close side end portion of the peripheral wall portion 42, and the other end wall portion (fixed side end wall portion) 44B is the open / close side end portion of the peripheral wall portion 42. Is provided at the end on the opposite side.

  The open / close side end wall portion 44A is attached to the peripheral wall portion 42 so that the opening of the open / close side end portion can be opened and closed. The open / close side end wall portion 44 </ b> A of the present embodiment is attached to the peripheral wall portion 42 by a hinge 244. This open / close side end wall portion 44A is a seal that supports a plurality (same number as the depth filter 10 in the filter module 210) of the cylindrical sealing materials 245, 245,... And the plurality of cylindrical sealing materials 245, 245,. And a material base 246.

  The cylindrical sealing material 245 has the same shape as the filtered water guide part 46 and the partition part 50 of the said embodiment. That is, the cylindrical sealing material 245 has a hollow short cylindrical shape with both ends opened. Moreover, the front-end | tip (end part by the side of the depth filter 10) of the cylindrical sealing material 245 is edge shape.

  The sealing material base 246 is a plate-like member having an outer peripheral edge shape corresponding to the inner peripheral surface 42 b of the peripheral wall portion 42. This sealing material base 246 supports a plurality of cylindrical sealing materials 245, 245,. Specifically, the sealing material base 246 supports each cylindrical sealing material 245 so that the edge side end portion faces the depth filter 10 at a position corresponding to each depth filter 10 in the filter module 210. Thereby, the edge side edge part of each cylindrical sealing material 245 contact | abuts the edge part of the corresponding depth filter 10 (refer FIG. 8). In addition, a hole communicating with the hollow portion of the cylindrical sealing material 245 is formed in the sealing material base 246. The space on the one surface side (inner space S2) and the space on the other surface side (hollow portion 11) of the sealing material base 246 communicate with each other through the hollow portion of the cylindrical sealing material 245 and the hole of the sealing material base 246. To do.

  The sealing material base 246 is connected to the inner surface of the opening / closing side end wall portion 44 </ b> A via a plurality of connecting rods 247. The connecting rod 247 forms a predetermined interval between the open / close side end wall portion 44 </ b> A and the sealing material base 246. Thus, since the sealing material base 246 is connected to the opening / closing side end wall portion 44A, when the opening / closing side end wall portion 44A is opened, it moves together with the opening / closing side end wall portion 44A (see FIG. 7). .

  On the other hand, in the state where the opening / closing side end wall portion 44A is closed, the sealing material base 246 is in a liquid-tight state with the peripheral portion of the inner surface (the surface opposite to the surface connected to the connecting rod 247) with the base packing 240. It is pressed by the connecting rod 247 so as to come into contact. As a result, an inner space (first space) S2 surrounded by the opening / closing side end wall portion 44A, the sealing material pedestal 246, and the portion of the peripheral wall portion 42 outside the pedestal packing 240 is formed. The inner space S2 communicates with the hollow portion 11 of each depth filter 10. In the filtration unit 4, the outer side of each depth filter 10 on the inner side (filter module 210 side) of the sealant base 246 of the unit main body 40 is the outer peripheral space S <b> 1.

  When the open / close side end wall portion 44A to which the seal material base 246 is connected is changed from the open state to the closed state, the edge-shaped tip of each cylindrical seal material 245 accurately bites into the end face of the corresponding depth filter 10 ( (See FIG. 8). This is because each depth filter 10 is accurately positioned at a predetermined position in the peripheral wall portion 42 by the module guide 242 and the connecting member 212.

  The fixed side end wall portion 44B is fixed to an end portion of the peripheral wall portion 42 opposite to the opening / closing side end portion. A sealing material base 246 having a plurality of cylindrical sealing materials 245, 245,... Is attached to a position spaced apart from the fixed side end wall portion 44B of the peripheral wall portion 42 by a predetermined distance. The sealing material base 246 on the fixed side end wall portion 44B side is attached (fixed) to the inner peripheral surface 42b of the peripheral wall portion 42. Accordingly, the inner space S2 is formed between the fixed side end wall portion 44B and the seal material base 246.

  In the filtration unit 4, each end portion of the joining pipe 80 is connected to a position corresponding to the inner space S <b> 2 in the peripheral wall portion 42.

  In the filtration unit 4 described above, the part surrounding the inner space S2 (opening / closing side end wall 44A, sealing material base 246 connected to the opening / closing side end wall 44A, and part outside the base packing 240 of the peripheral wall part 42) And the fixed side end wall portion 44B, the sealing material base 246 on the fixed side end wall portion 44B side, and the portion of the peripheral wall portion 42 outside the sealing material base 246) and the connecting portion of the joining pipe 80, Each is provided so as to face the inner space S2. Then, a pair of filtered water outlets for allowing the filtered water FW from the hollow portion 11 to flow out to the outside of the unit main body 40 at the both ends of the depth filter 10 are the portions surrounding the inner space S2 and the connecting portions of the junction pipe 80. Parts. In addition, each sealing material base 246 and each cylindrical sealing material 245 supported by these constitute a partition member that partitions the internal space of the unit body 40 into a pair of internal spaces S2, S2 and an outer peripheral space S1. Here, the pair of internal spaces S <b> 2 and S <b> 2 are spaces that communicate with the hollow portion 11 of the depth filter 10 on both ends of the depth filter 10 accommodated in the internal space of the unit body 40. The outer peripheral space S1 is a space facing the outer peripheral surface 10a of the depth filter 10 in the internal space of the unit body 40.

  Here, in order to confirm the effect of the filtration device of the above embodiment, the filtration device of the above embodiment and the filtration device for comparison were used to perform filtration at a plurality of treatment flow rates. The filter device for comparison is the same filter device as the filter device of the above embodiment except that one end of the depth filter is closed. The depth filter used at this time has a nominal pore diameter of 5 μm. The raw water to be filtered is test water adjusted to around 20 turbidity. Water turbidity (NTU) and the number of particles contained in water were measured with an optical counter.

  The results are shown below.

In Table 1, the data of the portion described as “both ends” in the column of the filtrate outlet is the result of using the filtration device of the above embodiment. Moreover, the data of the part described as “one end” is the result of using a comparative filtering device.

  As shown in Table 1, when the treatment flow rate was increased from 30 [L / min] (see the reference column) to 60 [L / min] (see the comparative example 2 column) in the comparative filtration device, the filtration was performed. The rate of decrease in turbidity from 54% to 29%, and the filtration accuracy is greatly reduced. On the other hand, in the filtration device of the above embodiment, even if the treatment flow rate is increased from 30 [L / min] (see the column of Example 1) to 60 [L / min] (see the column of Example 3), The rate of decrease in turbidity due to filtration changes only from 61% to 60%, which is within the measurement error range. Furthermore, even when the treatment flow rate is increased to 75 [L / min] (see the column of Example 4), the rate of decrease in turbidity due to filtration is 58%, and the treatment flow rate is changed from 30 [L / min] to 75 [L The change in the turbidity reduction rate when changed to [/ min] is also within the measurement error range. Thus, even if the treatment flow rate in the filtration device of the above embodiment is increased more than twice the reference treatment flow rate (30 [L / min]) in the comparison filtration device, the rate of decrease in turbidity due to filtration is increased. Almost no change. For this reason, it is estimated that the filtration area | region in the depth filter of the filtration apparatus of the said embodiment has spread more than twice compared with the filtration apparatus for a comparison. Therefore, in the filtration device of the above-mentioned embodiment, it is possible to increase the raw water treatment flow rate while suppressing the flow rate of raw water per unit area in the filtration region (pressure by the raw water when passing through the depth filter).

  From the above results, in the filtration device of the above embodiment, the treatment flow rate can be improved without a decrease in filtration accuracy as compared with the conventional filtration device using a cylindrical depth filter with one end closed. It was confirmed that it was possible.

[Outline of the embodiment]
The above embodiment is summarized as follows.

  That is, the filtration unit using the depth filter according to the above embodiment produces filtered water by filtering raw water. This filtration unit includes one or more cylindrical depth filters that are open at both ends, and a housing that houses the depth filter. The housing communicates the internal space of the housing with a secondary side space defined by the inner peripheral surface of the depth filter at both end sides of the depth filter accommodated in the internal space. 1 space, a partition member that partitions into a second space facing the outer peripheral surface of the depth filter, and a secondary space provided at both ends of the depth filter. A pair of filtrate outlets for allowing filtrate water from the casing to flow out to the outside of the casing, and a raw water supply port section that is provided so as to face the second space and allows the raw water to flow into the casing. .

  According to this configuration, the filtered water can flow out from the secondary space to the outside of the housing through the pair of first spaces at both ends of the cylindrical depth filter. That is, both end portions of the cylindrical depth filter can be set as liquid end portions. Thereby, the area | region (filtration area | region) through which the raw | natural water in a depth filter passes can be increased, As a result, a process flow rate can be improved, without being accompanied by the fall of filtration accuracy. In other words, the conventional filtration in which only the vicinity of one end of the cylindrical depth filter becomes a filtration region by allowing filtered water to flow out from both ends of the secondary space and making the vicinity of both ends of the depth filter each as a filtration region. Compared to the device, the filtration area in the depth filter can be increased. As a result, the raw water treatment flow rate can be increased while suppressing the flow rate of raw water per unit area in the filtration region (pressure due to the raw water when passing through the depth filter). Moreover, the processing flow rate of the conventional filtration apparatus using the depth filter in which one end is closed by letting filtered water flow out from both ends of the secondary space and making the vicinity of both ends of the depth filter respectively filter regions. Compared to the above, it becomes possible to make the processing flow rate more than double without lowering the filtration accuracy.

  In the filtration unit of the above embodiment, a plurality of the depth filters are provided. And this filtration unit is provided with the connection member which connects each depth filter so that adjacent depth filters may mutually be parallel or substantially parallel in the state which spaced apart. The casing includes an axial guide member provided on an inner peripheral surface surrounding the internal space and extending in a central axis direction of the depth filter, and the connecting member is the axial guide in the casing. You may have the to-be-guided part engageable with the said axial direction guide member so that it can slide along a member in a peripheral part.

  According to this configuration, when arranging a plurality of depth filters in the housing, by engaging the guided portion of the guided portion with the axial guide member and sliding along the axial guide member, A plurality of depth filters can be easily arranged in the housing such that adjacent depth filters are parallel or substantially parallel to each other with a gap therebetween.

  Moreover, in the filtration unit of the said embodiment, the said housing | casing is provided with the surrounding wall which surrounds the said depth filter in the circumferential direction so that the said 2nd space may be formed between the said depth filter. The inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall includes a plurality of guide portions projecting inward in the radial direction of the peripheral wall so that the tip abuts on the outer peripheral surface of the depth filter. The plurality of guide portions are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the depth filter.

  According to this configuration, the depth filter can be easily positioned within the casing by disposing the depth filter so as to contact the tip of each guide portion in the casing.

  In addition, since a plurality of guide portions are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, when the depth filter is arranged in the housing, raw water can pass between the guide portions outside the depth filter. The flow of raw water in the direction of the central axis of the filter is allowed. As a result, the raw water supplied into the housing through the raw water supply port is easily spread over the entire space facing the outer peripheral surface of the depth filter.

  Moreover, the filtration apparatus using the depth filter which concerns on said embodiment filters raw water, and produces | generates filtered water. This filtration apparatus includes any one of the filtration units described above and a pump that supplies raw water into the housing through the raw water supply port of the filtration unit.

  According to this configuration, the filtration region in the depth filter is increased by causing the filtrate water to flow out from the secondary space through the pair of first spaces at both ends of the cylindrical depth filter. Can do. Thereby, a process flow rate can be improved without accompanying the fall of filtration accuracy.

  Moreover, the filtration apparatus of the said embodiment is a pipe material through which filtered water flows, and is connected to each of the pair of filtered water outlets. The filtered water from each of the filtered water outlets is merged and sent to the outside. A junction pipe is provided. The filtration unit is disposed such that the central axis of the depth filter is inclined or perpendicular to a horizontal plane. Further, the merging pipe locally has a cross-sectional area of the flow path of the filtrate water formed in the merging pipe at a position on the lower end side of the depth filter with respect to a portion where the filthy water is merged in the merging pipe. It has a throttle part to make it smaller.

  In this structure, the throttle part which locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the filtrate formed in the said junction pipe is provided in the lower end side of a depth filter rather than the site | part which joins filtrate. Thereby, in the junction pipe, the filtered water flowing out from the upper end portion of the depth filter (secondary side space) and the filtered water flowing out from the lower end portion of the depth filter (secondary side space) merge. The flow rate at the time can be the same or substantially the same. As a result, it is possible to prevent more filtered water flowing out from the lower end of the depth filter (secondary space) from being sent out to the outside through the junction pipe. That is, when the filtration unit is disposed so that the central axis of the depth filter is inclined or perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the filtered water tends to flow out from the lower end of the secondary space (depth filter). For this reason, by providing the throttle part and adjusting the pressure and flow rate of the filtrate flowing out from the lower end of the secondary space, at the site where the filtrate of the merge pipe joins, the upper side of the secondary space. The flow rate of the filtered water flowing out from the end portion and the flow rate of the filtered water flowing out from the lower end portion can be made the same or substantially the same. This makes it easier to obtain a desired flow rate and desired filtration accuracy in the filtered water delivered from the junction pipe.

  Moreover, the filtration apparatus of the said embodiment is equipped with the backwashing part which can supply filtered water to the said secondary side space. And the said filtration unit is arrange | positioned so that the inclination | tilt angle with respect to the horizontal surface of the center axis | shaft of the said depth filter may be 10 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less. The depth filter has a cylindrical shape. The casing has a peripheral wall surrounding the depth filter in the circumferential direction so as to form the second space with the depth filter, and fluid in the second space is external to the casing. And a drain discharge port portion capable of discharging. The peripheral wall includes a substantially cylindrical inner peripheral surface having a central axis parallel to the central axis of the depth filter. Moreover, the said drain discharge port part is provided in the position corresponding to the lowest position in the internal peripheral surface of the said surrounding wall.

  According to this configuration, the backwash drain (fluid containing foreign matter such as particles captured by the depth filter when the raw water is filtered) outside the housing can be suitably discharged. Moreover, the difference of the flow volume of the filtrate water which each flows out from secondary side space in the both ends of a depth filter can be suppressed.

  Specifically, the filtered water is supplied to the secondary side space, so that the filtered water passes through the depth filter from the secondary side space toward the second space. At this time, foreign matters such as particles trapped in the depth filter during the filtration of the raw water are pushed out of the depth filter (second space) by the pressure of the filtered water. Thereby, clogging of the depth filter is eliminated, and the filtration performance of the depth filter is restored. Since the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall is inclined, the fluid containing foreign matters such as particles pushed out from the depth filter descends along the inner peripheral surface by its own weight, and is the lowest position in the second space. To gather. By providing the drain discharge port so that the fluid containing foreign substances such as particles can be discharged from this position, the fluid containing foreign substances such as particles can be suitably discharged to the outside of the housing.

  Thus, when the casing is arranged so that the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall is inclined in order to facilitate drainage, the central axis of the inner peripheral surface of the casing and the central axis of the depth filter are parallel to each other. For this reason, the depth filter is also inclined. In this state, by setting the inclination angle (angle of the central axis with respect to the horizontal plane) to 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less, the difference in the flow rate of filtrate water flowing out from the secondary space at both ends of the depth filter is suppressed. Can do. That is, when the cylindrical depth filter is disposed in an inclined state, the filtered water tends to flow out from the lower end of the secondary space due to the distribution of the filtered water pressure, but the central axis is relative to the horizontal plane. By arranging the depth filter to be 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less, the flow rate of filtrate water flowing out from the upper end portion of the secondary side space and flowing out from the lower end portion of the secondary side space A difference from the flow rate of the filtrate water can be suppressed within an allowable range in using the filtration device.

  The present invention provides a filtration unit using a depth filter, and a filtration device using a depth filter.

Claims (6)

A filtration unit for filtering raw water to produce filtered water,
One or more cylindrical depth filters open at both ends;
A housing for accommodating the depth filter,
The housing communicates with the secondary space defined by the inner peripheral surface of the depth filter at both ends of the depth filter accommodated in the interior space of the housing. A partition member that partitions the space and a second space facing the outer peripheral surface of the depth filter;
A pair of filtered water outlets that are respectively provided so as to face each of the first spaces, and flow out the filtered water from the secondary side space to the outside of the housing at both ends of the depth filter;
A filtration unit using a depth filter, which is provided so as to face the second space and has a raw water supply port for allowing the raw water to flow into the housing. A plurality of the depth filters are provided,
The filtration unit includes a connecting member that connects the depth filters so that adjacent depth filters are parallel to each other or substantially parallel to each other with a space between them.
The housing includes an axial guide member provided on an inner peripheral surface surrounding the internal space and extending in a central axis direction of the depth filter,
2. The depth filter according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member has a guided portion at a peripheral edge portion that can be engaged with the axial guide member so that the connecting member can slide along the axial guide member in the housing. The filtration unit used. The housing includes a peripheral wall that surrounds the depth filter in the circumferential direction so as to form the second space between the housing and the depth filter.
The inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall includes a plurality of guide portions protruding toward the radially inner side of the peripheral wall so that a tip abuts on an outer peripheral surface of the depth filter,
The filtration unit using a depth filter according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of guide portions are arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the depth filter. A filtration device for producing filtered water by filtering raw water,
The filtration unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A filtration device using a depth filter comprising: a pump that supplies raw water into the housing through a raw water supply port of the filtration unit. A pipe material through which filtered water flows, and is connected to each of the pair of filtered water outlets, and includes a merging pipe that joins the filtered water from each filtered water outlet and sends it to the outside.
The filtration unit is disposed such that a central axis of the depth filter is inclined or perpendicular to a horizontal plane,
The merging pipe locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the filtered water formed in the merging pipe at a position on the lower end side of the depth filter with respect to a portion where the filtrated water is merged in the merging pipe. The filtration apparatus using the depth filter of Claim 4 which has a throttle part. A backwashing unit capable of supplying filtered water to the secondary side space;
The filtration unit is arranged so that an inclination angle with respect to a horizontal plane of a central axis of the depth filter is 10 ° or more and 30 ° or less,
The depth filter is cylindrical,
The casing discharges the fluid in the second space to the outside of the casing, the peripheral wall surrounding the depth filter in the circumferential direction so as to form the second space between the casing and the depth filter. A possible drain outlet, and
The peripheral wall includes a substantially cylindrical inner peripheral surface having a central axis parallel to the central axis of the depth filter,
The said drain discharge port part is a filtration apparatus using the depth filter of Claim 4 or 5 provided in the position corresponding to the lowest position in the internal peripheral surface of the said surrounding wall.

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