JPWO2012046290A1 - Cluster type oil production complex - Google Patents

Abstract

In a technology for producing gas liquefied oil from a biomass-derived methane gas using a GTL plant, it is difficult to increase sales by simply amortizing the capital investment cost of the GTL plant or pipeline. There is a problem. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a gas liquefaction apparatus using a microreactor, which is a GTL apparatus suitable for small-scale gas liquefied oil production, and has a very low capital investment cost. And the bio digester will be constructed in the suburbs of the biomass supply area and within the reasonable cost merit of pipeline construction. Then, the functional area where these are arranged is made into one cluster, this cluster is distributed over a wide area, and the bio-derived oil produced in the cluster is concentrated in a refinery that serves as a center to produce products. Providing mold oil production complex. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for generating gas liquefied oil from a biomass raw material with good cost merit.

  Conventionally, human society has been developed by using petrochemical industry products such as fossil fuel oil and ethylene produced from the oil. However, the crude oil was produced by the deposition and pressurization of the plant and animal plankton that absorbed carbon dioxide in the sea over a long period of time, or the carbon that was originally inside the earth springs out into the sea and is still a long time. It is considered that there is a limit to the reserves because it is generated by pressure concentration.

  In addition, these petroleum and petrochemical industry products generate carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, etc. during combustion, which causes destruction of the ozone layer and air pollution, global warming, acid rain, etc. It is said that it will cause pollution. Therefore, a technique for synthesizing gas liquefied oil from methane gas generated from so-called “biomass” such as manure of various plants and livestock has been proposed. In this technology, it has been studied to use a GTL (Gas To Liquids) plant that generates gas liquefied oil from natural gas in a gas field.

JP 2007-224058 A

  However, the complex which produces | generates gas liquefied oil from the methane gas derived from biomass using the said GTL plant has the following subjects. In other words, this GTL plant requires a large-scale factory facility, and its capital investment cost is enormous, but it is necessary to produce a large amount of gas liquefied oil in order to increase profits commensurate with it. . For this purpose, it is necessary to collect a large amount of biomass for generating methane gas which is a raw material for gas liquefied oil.

  In other words, when gas liquefied oil is generated from methane gas using a GTL plant, a wide area centered on the GTL plant is set as “a complex that is a functional area that generates gas liquefied oil”, and from within that area It is necessary to collect biomass.

  When a facility that ferments biomass and generates methane gas (bio-digestor) is located near the GTL plant, a large amount of biomass is supplied to the “bio-digestor” from a biomass supply area in a wide range of functional areas. Will be transported to. However, biomass is not suitable for mass transportation because it is manure from various plants and livestock. Therefore, there is a problem that the transportation cost of the biomass is very high, and this will press the profit.

  On the other hand, in order to reduce the cost of transporting biomass, “bio-digestors” are arranged in the suburbs of biomass supply areas scattered in a wide range of functional areas, and the methane gas produced by each bio-digestor is placed in the center of the pipeline. When transporting to a certain GTL plant, the cost merit of the pipeline is not commensurate. In other words, the pipeline also has a high capital investment cost as in the case of the GTL plant, and there is a problem that the longer the construction distance is, the more the revenue is compressed.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention uses a gas liquefaction apparatus using a microreactor, which is a GTL apparatus suitable for small-scale gas liquefied oil production, which has an extremely low capital investment cost as compared with a GTL plant. I will do it.

  The gas liquefaction device and bio-digestor will be constructed in the suburbs of the biomass supply area and within the reasonable cost merit of pipeline construction. Then, the biodigestor and gas liquefier connected by the pipeline, and the functional area consisting of the biomass supply area as one cluster, this cluster is distributed over a wide area, and the biological origin generated in the cluster Providing a cluster-type oil production complex that concentrates oil in a central refinery to produce products.

  Specifically, it is a cluster-type oil production complex that manufactures products by concentrating biological oil from clusters, which are functional areas that are distributed, to a refinery that serves as a center. Produced in each bio-digestor, and a plurality of bio-digestors that are placed adjacent to each biomass-supplying location and that produce methane gas by methane fermentation of biomass supplied from the biomass-supplying locations. A pipeline for collecting methane gas, a gas liquefaction device that produces gas liquefied oil from the methane gas collected by the pipeline using a microreactor, and a gas liquefied oil produced by the gas liquefaction device are loaded onto the mobile transportation means And a loading facility.

  The refinery also manufactures products by refining the gas liquefied oil received at the receiving equipment and the receiving equipment that receives the gas liquefied oil from the transporting means loaded with the gas liquefied oil produced by the gas liquefying equipment of each cluster. And a refining device.

  In the cluster type oil production complex having the above-described configuration, algae that can be cultured with carbon dioxide may be used as biomass. Specifically, in addition to the above configuration, the biomass supply site provides a second cluster type oil production complex which is a culture tank for supplying algae as biomass.

  The algae culture tank may be installed near a carbon dioxide discharge facility such as an oil field, a gas field, a factory, or a power plant, and carbon dioxide emitted from the oil field may be used for cultivation. Specifically, in addition to the configuration of the second system, a carbon dioxide emission facility, which is a facility where the cluster further emits carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide generated from the carbon dioxide emission facility are collected, and each culture is collected. A third cluster type oil production complex having a carbon dioxide supply facility for supplying to a water tank and using it for biomass production is also provided.

  Alternatively, the biomass may be microalgae such as chlorella and Euglena, and carbon dioxide (room temperature gas) collected from a carbon dioxide emission facility such as an oil field may be converted into sodium hydrogen carbonate (room temperature solid) and used for culture. Specifically, in addition to the configuration of the third system described above, the cluster has a microalgae tank for culturing microalgae as biomass in the culture tank, and carbon dioxide generated from the carbon dioxide emission facility A fourth cluster-type oil production complex is also provided, in which a sodium hydrogen carbonate production facility for collecting sodium hydrogen carbonate and producing sodium hydrogen carbonate is replaced with or added to the carbon dioxide supply facility.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure which installs the bio digester which produces | generates methane gas from these biomass in a desert etc., for example, and can use the digestive liquid as a fertilizer for greening of a desert etc. Specifically, in addition to the configuration of any one of the second to fourth systems, the biodigestor extracts a digestive juice that is a biomass that has lost its methane fermentation function, and a digestive fluid A fifth cluster type oil production complex having a fertilizer production facility for using the digested juice extracted by the extraction facility as a fertilizer for greening the land is provided.

  In the complex of the present invention having the above arrangement configuration, the cost merits including the installation cost of the pipeline can be met by using a gas liquefaction apparatus using a microreactor that is extremely inexpensive and suitable for small-scale processing. Inside the cluster, a biomass supply place, a bio digester, and a gas liquefaction device can be arranged to produce gas liquefied oil.

  The gas liquefied oil, once liquefied, can be transported to the refinery at a suitable transportation cost using ordinary oil transportation means such as tank trucks and tankers to produce various primary petroleum products and secondary petroleum products. it can. In other words, even when biomass-derived methane gas is used, it is possible to produce gas liquefied oil that can sufficiently amortize capital investment costs, and to produce primary oil products and secondary oil products. Sales can fully amortize capital expenditures and increase profits.

  In addition, digestive juice containing abundant phosphorus and nitrogen produced by methane fermentation of biomass can be used as a fertilizer for greening deserts.

The conceptual diagram showing an example of the cluster type oil production complex of Example 1 The figure showing an example of the arrangement configuration in the cluster type oil production complex of Example 1 The figure showing an example of the arrangement configuration in the cluster of Example 1. The figure showing an example of the arrangement configuration in the refinery of Example 1 The conceptual diagram for demonstrating an example of the methane fermentation by the biodigestor of Example 1 The figure for demonstrating an example of the reaction process at the time of producing gas liquefied oil with the gas liquefying apparatus of Example 1. FIG. The conceptual diagram for demonstrating an example of the product manufacture in the refiner | purifier of Example 1. The flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing process of the product in the cluster of Example 1. The flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing process of the product in the refinery of Example 1. The figure showing an example of the arrangement configuration in the cluster of Example 2. The figure showing an example of the arrangement configuration in the cluster of Example 3. The figure showing an example of the arrangement configuration in the cluster of Example 3. Diagram for comparing configurations of cluster-type complex and non-cluster-type complex of the present invention

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, claims 1 and 2 will be mainly described. In the second embodiment, claims 2 and 3 will be mainly described. In the third embodiment, claim 4 will be mainly described. In the fourth embodiment, claim 5 will be mainly described.

Example 1
<Overview>
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, for example, a bio digester, which is a fermentation facility for methane gas, is constructed in an area where biomass supply areas (pasture land, agricultural land, etc.) are scattered. In addition, a gas liquefaction device using a microreactor that can be installed on a ship is built in the area, and this is connected to a bio digester via a pipeline. A functional area in which the gas liquefaction device and the bio digester are arranged is defined as one cluster.

  Furthermore, such clusters are distributed over a wide area, and gas liquefied oil produced by the clusters is concentrated in a refinery that becomes a center by a tanker or a tank lorry, and petroleum products are produced there.

  As described above, in the cluster type oil production complex of this embodiment, the biomass supply area, the bio digester, the gas liquefaction device, and the like are arranged so as to meet the cost merit including the capital investment cost of the pipeline. The gas liquefied oil produced there can be concentrated in a refinery at the center after transport costs are reduced by tankers or tank trucks, and various petroleum products can be produced.

<Configuration>
2 to 4 are diagrams showing an example of an arrangement configuration in the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of “clusters” (0200) that are functional areas and a “refinery” (0210) that is a center.

(Configuration: Cluster)
“Cluster” refers to functional areas distributed over a wide area in an industrial complex. In addition, in view of the effect of the present invention, “wide area” indicating the entire range in which each cluster is dispersed cannot balance the capital investment of the pipeline and the profit of the gas liquefied oil produced (equipment cost is low). It is preferable that the size is as large as it cannot be recovered by profit.

  In addition, the size of each “cluster” is not indicated by a specific area or an explicit boundary line, but is provided as a functional area with the following configuration requirements to the extent that the function is realized. Although it is a conceptual area, contrary to the above-mentioned “wide area”, it may be wide enough to balance the capital investment of the pipeline and the profit of the gas liquefied oil produced in the entire system.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement configuration in the cluster according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, each “cluster” (0300) includes a plurality of “biomass supply areas” (0301) and a plurality of “biodigestors” (0302) arranged adjacent to the biomass supply areas. , “Pipeline” (0303), “Gas Liquefaction Device” (0304), and “Loading Equipment” (0305).

  “Biomass supply land” (0301) refers to land or facilities where the supplied biomass can be obtained. “Biomass” refers to organic substances that are subject to decomposition during fermentation of methane by various bacteria. For example, fruits and vegetables, fish, meat, raw garbage containing them, waste from processing plants, and ethanol fermentation wastewater. , Palm oil refining wastewater, starch refining wastewater, natural rubber refining wastewater, animal manure, elephant grass, switchgrass, grasses such as Tifton, protists such as Euglena, Chlorella, algae, or sludge containing these .

  When these biomasses are supplied to a fermenter filled with hydrolyzing bacteria, acid-producing bacteria, and methanogens, the biomass is first hydrolyzed by the hydrolyzing bacteria. Monosaccharides, glycerin fatty acids, and amino acids generated by hydrolysis are synthesized and converted into acetic acid, alcohol, and the like by acid-producing bacteria. And the acetic acid and alcohol are synthetically converted into methane gas and carbon dioxide by methanogen.

  Examples of the biomass supply area as described above include farmland and pasture. In addition, as described later in Example 2 and later, when a fungus, algae, or the like is used, a culture water tank or a culture facility thereof may be used. Or a livestock breeding house or a zoo that can supply manure of livestock / bred animals as biomass.

  Then, the biomass grown / cultured and collected in such a biomass supply area is loaded and transported by a moving transport means such as a tractor or a belt conveyor, and is supplied to an adjacent bio digester.

  A plurality of “bio digesters” (0302) are arranged in one cluster. And it is arrange | positioned adjacent to each biomass supply place, It has the function to ferment methane fermentation of the biomass supplied from a biomass supply place, and to produce methane gas.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, one biodigestor receives supply of biomass from one to a plurality of biomass supply sites, but “adjacent” means the cost of transporting / transporting biomass from the viewpoint of cost merit. If it is depreciated by the profit of the gas liquefied oil produced, it may be within a certain range.

  FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of methane fermentation by a biodigestor. As shown in this figure, first, in the bio digester, as a pretreatment, a raw material including biomass such as corn core is applied to a sorting machine, and foreign substances such as mixed stones are removed. Thereafter, if the biomass is solid like the corn core, it may be slurried by adding water to a pulverizer. Alternatively, corn core or the like pulverized to about 1 to 10 mm may be put into a slurry-like medium to obtain biomass. Or it is good also as biomass as it is, without grind | pulverizing.

  Subsequently, for example, the corn core, which is the biomass, is put into a methane fermentation tank filled with hydrolyzing bacteria, acid producing bacteria, and methanogenic bacteria. Then, the above-mentioned fungi are subjected to hydrolysis, acid generation, and methane generation in order, and gas is derived from them as fermentation targets. Then, methane gas is extracted from the generated gas using a desulfurization tower or the like.

  Of course, the above is an example, and as long as methane gas is fermented, other processes and equipment may be provided, or conversely, any of the above processes and equipment may be omitted.

  And this bio digester is arrange | positioned adjacent to each biomass supply place, and supplies the methane gas which produced | generated the raw material the biomass supplied from these biomass supply places to a gas liquefaction apparatus using a pipeline.

  “Pipeline” (0304) refers to equipment for collecting methane gas produced in each biodigestor. Although transportation by pipeline is suitable for transporting gaseous raw materials as compared with container transportation or the like, as described above, the arrangement cost is considerably high. Therefore, if the distance between the biodigestor and the gas liquefaction apparatus described later is large, there is a high possibility that the construction cost of the pipeline is not amortized in the production of gas liquefied oil, and it is difficult to establish a business.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the gas liquefaction apparatus described below is an extremely inexpensive apparatus that uses a microreactor suitable for small-scale processing, so that the cost merit including the installation cost of the pipeline is within a range that can be met. For example, a biomass supply area, a bio digester, and a gas liquefaction device are arranged in the cluster.

  The “gas liquefaction device” (0305) is a device that produces gas liquefied oil from methane gas collected in a pipeline using a microreactor. “Microreactor” refers to a device that causes a reaction using a reaction tube provided with a plurality of channels having a comma several mm to several tens of cm. Its features are very small and inexpensive, and a small scale. This is a suitable point for the reaction treatment.

  By using such a microreactor that is inexpensive and suitable for small-scale processing, this gas liquefaction apparatus can be arranged in the vicinity of the biodigestor and the biomass supply area. Therefore, it is possible to form a large number of clusters that are functional areas by arranging the arrangement cost of the pipeline connecting to the biodigestor at a place where the cost can be depreciated. And the profit of business can be increased by the scale merit of the large number of clusters.

  And in this micro reactor, the reaction which synthesize | combines liquefied oil from methane gas can be raise | generated, and gas liquefied oil can be produced.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a reaction process when producing gas liquefied oil in the microreactor of the gas liquefaction apparatus. As shown in FIG. 6A, the first flow path is filled with catalyst A for generating synthesis gas from methane gas, and methane gas and water vapor are supplied thereto as indicated by arrow α. Further, a thermal reaction is caused in another flow channel adjacent to and parallel to the first flow channel. Then, an endothermic reaction occurs in the first flow path, and synthesis gas (for example, H ₂ / CO) is generated as indicated by an arrow β.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, the synthesis gas is supplied as shown by an arrow β into the second flow path filled with the catalyst B for generating gas liquefied oil from the synthesis gas. Then, a gas liquefied oil is produced by a catalytic reaction in the second flow path, as indicated by an arrow γ. Further, the heat generated by the catalytic reaction is absorbed by the latent heat of running water in another flow channel adjacent to and parallel to the second flow channel.

  The “loading facility” (0306) is a facility for loading the gas liquefied oil produced by the gas liquefaction apparatus onto the moving and conveying means. The “moving and transporting means” is a moving body that transports oil by moving itself, and includes, for example, a tank truck if the transport route is a land route, and a tanker if the transport route is a sea route.

  And in this loading facility, in order to load gas liquefied oil into the mobile transportation means such as tank lorries and tankers, for example, a building for storing and working the mobile transportation means is built, and a working scaffold is provided in it. It has been. An oil supply pipe is arranged from the upper part of the building toward the scaffold, and is connected to a loading arm which is a loading device through a flow rate measuring device of the scaffold.

  When gas liquefied oil is loaded on the moving and conveying means, the moving and conveying means is housed in the building, and the loading arm extending from the scaffold is operated to connect the oil supply pipe to the loading port of the tank of the moving and conveying means. And it is the condition of loading gas liquefied oil in a movement conveyance means via oil supply piping.

  In this way, in each cluster, by converting from methane gas, which is difficult to carry with mobile transportation means such as tank trucks and tankers, to gas liquefied oil that is easy to transport and liquid, it is possible to reduce the transportation cost to the refinery. Can be transported.

  The description of each configuration of the cluster is merely an example, and can be realized in various modes.

(Composition: Refinery)
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement configuration in the refinery of the present embodiment. The “refinery” refers to equipment that has the function of consolidating the produced gas liquefied oil from one or more clusters to produce a product and serves as the center of the cluster-type oil production complex of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the “refinery” (0410) has a “receiving facility” (0411) and a “refining device” (0412).

  The “accepting facility” (0411) refers to a facility that receives gas liquefied oil from a mobile transportation means loaded with the gas liquefied oil produced by the gas liquefying apparatus of each cluster. Specifically, for example, a building for storing and working with the moving and conveying means is constructed similarly to the above-described loading facility, and a working scaffold is provided therein. An oil collecting pipe is arranged from the upper part of the building toward the scaffold and connected to the loading arm. A pump and an oil collection tank are connected to the opposite side of the oil collection pipe to the loading arm.

  When the gas liquefied oil is received from the moving and conveying means, the moving and conveying means is accommodated in the building, and the loading arm is operated from the scaffold to connect the oil collecting pipe to the discharge port of the tank of the moving and conveying means. Then, the gas liquefied oil is received from the tank of the moving and conveying means into the oil collecting tank by a pump through the oil collecting pipe.

  The “refining apparatus” (0412) refers to equipment for purifying gas liquefied oil received at the receiving equipment and producing a product. “Products” refers to petroleum products that are primarily produced from gas liquefied oil, such as petroleum gas, naphtha, kerosene, light oil, or crude oil such as heavy oil and asphalt, as well as ethylene produced from these primary petroleum products. Examples include secondary products such as raw materials, synthetic rubber, and nylon.

  FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of product manufacture in this purification apparatus. As shown in this figure, the refining apparatus is composed of, for example, a multistage distillation column, and the received gas liquefied oil is heated in the lowermost layer in the distillation column. Then, the vapor rises to the first layer, while the component having a high boiling point remains in the lowermost layer. And the gas liquefied oil which consists of the residual oil component 0701 which remained in the lowest layer is collected, and primary petroleum products, such as wax and heavy oil, are manufactured by carrying out vacuum distillation.

  Moreover, the vapor | steam which rose and reached | attained the 1st layer is further heated, and is similarly isolate | separated into the vapor | steam which goes further to the upper layer, and what remains in this 1st layer, and is condensed and liquefied. And light oil (boiling point 240-350 degreeC) is manufactured from the gas liquefied oil 0702 which remained in this 1st layer. Further, from the gas liquefied oil 0703 remaining in the second layer, kerosene (boiling point 170 to 250 ° C.), in the third layer gas liquefied oil 0704, naphtha (boiling point 180 ° C. or less), and in the uppermost layer gas liquefied oil 0705, petroleum gas (Boiling point of 30 ° C. or less) is produced.

  The primary petroleum product produced here may be subjected to catalytic reforming, for example, by passing it through a catalyst layer filled with a catalyst to produce high quality gasoline, or ethylene or the like may be produced through a pyrolysis furnace. A resin material may be manufactured.

<Manufacturing process>
8 and 9 are flowcharts showing an example of a manufacturing process of a product in the cluster type oil production complex of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, first, in a biodigestor arranged adjacent to a plurality of biomass supply sites such as farmland and pasture as biomass supply sites in each cluster, a “methane gas generation step” (S0801) Execute. In the methane gas generation step, the biomass supplied from the biomass supply area is methane-fermented to produce methane gas. Subsequently, the “methane gas collection step” (S0802) is executed. In the methane gas collection step, the methane gas produced by each biodigestor is collected through a pipeline. Then, the “gas liquefied oil production step” (S0803) is executed. In the gas liquefied oil production step, gas liquefied oil is produced from the methane gas collected in the pipeline using a microreactor. Then, the “loading step” (S0804) is executed. In this loading step, the produced gas liquefied oil is loaded onto the moving and conveying means by loading facilities.

  And the gas liquefied oil produced in each said cluster is conveyed with respect to refinery by a movement conveyance means.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9, the “acceptance step” (step S0911) is executed at the refinery. In this receiving step, the gas liquefied oil is received by the receiving facility from the moving transportation means loaded with the gas liquefied oil produced in each cluster. Finally, the “product manufacturing step” (step S0912) is executed. In this receiving step, the received gas liquefied oil is refined to produce a primary petroleum product or a secondary petroleum product.

<Cluster design equipment>
Further, in order to design the “cluster”, the following design apparatus may be used. Specifically, the processing amount of methane gas and gas liquefied oil production amount per unit time in the gas liquefaction device, the processing amount of gas liquefied oil per unit time and product production amount in the refinery, and the position information thereof are acquired. . Then, the number of gas liquefiers, that is, the number of clusters arranged in a wide area, is temporarily calculated from the “gas liquefied oil throughput” of the refinery and the “gas liquefied oil production” of the gas liquefier.

  Subsequently, the biomass supply amount of the biomass supply area, the methane gas production amount per unit time by the biomass supplied in the bio digester arranged in the vicinity of the supply area, and the position information thereof are acquired. Then, from the acquired “methane gas throughput” of the gas liquefaction apparatus and the “methane gas production volume” of the biodigestor, the allocation of the biodigestors constituting the calculated number of clusters is provisionally determined.

  Then, from the location information of the biodigestor included in each cluster, calculate the construction cost of the pipeline to the gas liquefaction equipment, the transportation cost of the gas liquefied oil from the gas liquefaction equipment to the refinery, etc. Compared with the “expected revenue”. Also, obtain the “construction cost of microreactor (× number of clusters)” used for gas liquefaction equipment, and determine whether the profit can be maintained positive compared to the “expected profit” calculated from the product production volume of the refinery To do. If the profit cannot be maintained positively, another biodigestor is assigned to the cluster using the position information.

  Thus, based on the throughput of methane gas and gas liquefied oil production per unit time in gas liquefaction equipment using a microreactor, the amount of gas liquefied oil treated and product production per unit time at refineries, and its forecast Revenue, biomass supply volume of the biomass supply area, methane gas production volume per unit time by biomass supplied in the biodigestor located near the supply area and its location information, and pipeline construction cost due to the arrangement Or, considering the transportation costs of moving and transporting gas liquefied oil, the biodigestor and gas liquefaction device included in each cluster can be designed so that profits can be maintained positively.

<Simple explanation of effect>
As described above, in the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment, the biomass supply area, the bio digester, and the gas liquefaction device are included in the cluster within the range of the cost merit including the capital investment cost of the pipeline. Can be arranged. And by concentrating the gas liquefied oil produced there at the refinery of the center and manufacturing various petroleum products, it is possible to sufficiently amortize capital investment expenses and increase profits by producing and selling petroleum products for the entire system. .

(Comparison with a complex that uses a large gas liquefier)
Here, the effect of the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment will be described in detail using FIG. 13 while comparing with a non-cluster type complex using a large gas liquefaction apparatus. As shown in Fig. 13 (a), in a non-cluster type complex, a large gas liquefaction device and a refinery are placed adjacent to each other in the center, and methane gas produced by various biodigestors is sent to the center by a tank truck or pipeline. It is configured to be transported to the gas liquefaction device. In addition, since the construction cost of the pipeline is, for example, 100 million yen per km, methane gas is transported using a tank truck here.

The construction cost for n biodigestors is “B yen × n”, the transportation cost of methane gas by tank lorry is “T yen × m ₁ ”, where m ₁ is the number of transportation round trips, and the construction cost for large gas liquefaction equipment. Is "G yen" and the refinery construction cost is "E yen". Then, the total cost Q ₁ is “Q ₁ = Bn + Tm ₁ + G + E”.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13B, in the cluster type complex of the present invention, a microreactor (small gas liquefaction device) and a biodigestor are arranged adjacent to each other and connected by a pipeline. And it is the structure which conveys the gas liquefied oil produced | generated by the microreactor to the central refinery with a tank lorry.

Similarly, the construction cost of n biodigestors is “B yen × n”, the construction cost of r microreactors (n ≧ r) is “M yen × r”, and the transportation cost of methane gas by tank lorry is transported back and forth. The number of times is m ₂ and “T yen × m ₂ ”, and the refinery construction cost is “E yen”. Then, the total cost Q ₂ is “Q ₂ = Bn + Mr + Tm ₂ + E”.

Therefore, the difference Q ₁ −Q ₂ is “T (m ₁ −m ₂ ) + (G−Mr)”. When the term “T (m ₁ -m ₂ )” is considered here, the methane gas that is a gas is transported in the non-cluster type complex, and the gas liquefied oil that is a liquid is transported in the cluster type complex of the present invention. The gas and liquid compressibility of methane gas is 1 mol = 22.4 l, the gas density is 717 g / cubic meter, and the liquid density is 415000 g / cubic meter, so the compressibility is approximately 500 times or more. Therefore, in the case of a non-cluster type complex that transports methane gas as a gas, the number of times of transport is 500 times that of the present cluster type. Therefore, for example, if the transportation cost per 100 km by tanker truck is 50,000 yen, the cost will be reduced by 25 million yen.

  Next, considering the term “G-Mr”, for example, the equipment cost of a large-scale gas liquefaction apparatus with a production volume of 1 million tons / year (without using a microreactor) is 100 billion yen, and the production volume is 40,000 tons. Assuming that a small (invention) gas liquefaction device using an annual microreactor is 1 billion yen, the number of small gas liquefaction devices arranged is 100 billion or less, resulting in 1 billion × (100− r) The cost of the circle can be reduced. Since the production amount of the large gas liquefaction device is 1 million tons / year and the production amount of the small gas liquefaction device is 40,000 tons / year as described above, the number r is 25 or more in the present invention. For example, it is possible to produce gas liquefied oil at the same level or higher than that of a large gas liquefier.

  In addition, when a pipeline is used as the means for transporting methane gas, which is a gas in a non-cluster type complex, when the construction cost per pipeline is 100 million yen per km and the average total distance is 100 km, “100 It is understood that it is difficult to depreciate this pipeline.

  Conversely, the cost for transporting the gas liquefied oil produced by the small gas liquefaction apparatus can be increased by the cost reduction described above. That is, it is also possible to arrange the small gas liquefaction device at a position farther away from the refinery, for example, on a land where biomass is easily supplied.

<< Example 2 >>
<Overview>
In the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment, algae such as Euglena are used as biomass. In addition, because algae grow by supplying carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide that is produced when oil and gas are mined in oil and gas fields is collected from the culture tank (biomass supply area) of the algae, and the culture water tank is collected. You may comprise so that the equipment to supply may be provided.

  By providing such facilities, it is possible to effectively use carbon dioxide, which has been pointed out as a cause of global warming, and to produce biologically derived gas liquefied oil.

<Configuration>
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement configuration in a cluster of the cluster-type oil production complex of the present embodiment. Although not shown, the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of “clusters” and a “refinery” serving as a center as in the above embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the “cluster” (1000) includes a “bio digester” (1002), a “pipeline” (1003), a “gas liquefaction device” (1004), and a “loading facility”. (1005).

  These clusters, refineries, bio-digestors, pipelines, gas liquefaction devices, loading facilities, and the like that constitute the clusters have already been described in the first embodiment, and will not be described.

  And as shown in FIG. 10, the cluster of a present Example has a some "culture tank" (1001) as a some "biomass supply place" of the said Example 1. It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Further, a carbon dioxide discharge facility such as an “oil field / gas field” (1006) and a “carbon dioxide supply facility” (1007) may be provided.

  The “culture tank” (1001) is a tank having a function of culturing algae to be supplied as biomass. “Algae” refers to organisms that perform photosynthesis, including moss plants, fern plants, seed plants, and photosynthetic bacteria. Examples include prasinoalgae, Aosa, chromista, diatoms, dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellate), chloracarnions, and Euglena.

  Moreover, since the structure of the water tank for culturing algae, the culture technique, and the like are well known, the description thereof will be omitted.

  Also, as described above, algae grow by performing photosynthesis by supplying carbon dioxide into the culture tank. Therefore, the algae may be cultured by reducing the carbon dioxide produced during methane fermentation in the bio digester to the culture tank.

  In addition, the exhaust gas exhausted from gas fields, oil fields, etc. having a higher carbon dioxide concentration than the normal atmosphere can increase the growth rate. Therefore, the cluster of this embodiment is further provided with “carbon dioxide emission facilities” and “carbon dioxide supply facilities” such as oil fields / gas fields in order to supply exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide at a high concentration to this culture tank. May be.

  A “carbon dioxide emission facility (oil field / gas field, etc.)” (1006) is a facility that discharges carbon dioxide in accordance with the processing and work of the facility. Exhaust gas containing methane gas and carbon dioxide is generated and burned and digested. Alternatively, in the gas field, carbon dioxide contained in the mining gas is separated in advance during the liquefaction process for producing liquefied natural gas. Therefore, this carbon dioxide is collected as food for culturing algae in the culture tank.

  Carbon dioxide emission facilities, such as oil fermentation and gas fields, ethanol fermentation plants, cement manufacturing plants, paper mills, etc., can be used as long as they emit exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide at high concentrations in accordance with processing and work at the facilities. It may be various factories or power plants.

  The “carbon dioxide supply facility” (1007) refers to a facility that collects carbon dioxide generated from the carbon dioxide discharge facility and supplies it to each culture tank. In addition, since this carbon dioxide is in a gas state at room temperature, a pipeline suitable for gas transportation is desirable for supply to each culture water tank. Therefore, it is preferable that the carbon dioxide supply facility and the culture water tank are arranged close to each other in view of the cost merit of the pipeline. Moreover, in a present Example, you may comprise so that the carbon dioxide which generate | occur | produces by methane fermentation of a bio digester may be collected similarly, and it may supply to a culture tank from a carbon dioxide supply equipment.

<Simple explanation of effect>
As described above, in the cluster-type oil production complex of this example, carbon dioxide, which has been pointed out as a cause of global warming, is effectively used for cultivation of biomass raw materials, and production of gas liquefied oil from methane gas using the biomass raw materials. It can be performed.

Example 3
<Overview>
In the cluster type oil production complex of this example, microalgae such as chlorella are used as biomass. And micro algae ingest solid sodium hydrogen carbonate at normal temperature as food for culture | cultivation. Therefore, in this embodiment, for example, gaseous carbon dioxide collected at oil and gas mining in oil fields and gas fields is collected at normal temperature, converted into solid sodium hydrogen carbonate, and supplied to the microalgae tank. It is characterized by.

  By providing such equipment, as in Example 2 above, it is possible to effectively use carbon dioxide, which is also pointed out as a cause of global warming, and to produce biogenic gas liquefied oil. .

  Compared with gaseous carbon dioxide at normal temperature, solid sodium hydrogen carbonate can reduce transportation costs or increase the transportation distance (carbon dioxide emission facilities such as oil fields / gas fields and microalgae). The distance to the water tank can be increased). Therefore, the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment can further improve the cost merit and increase the profit.

<Configuration>
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement configuration in a cluster of the cluster-type oil production complex of the present embodiment. Although not shown, the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of “clusters” and a “refinery” serving as a center as in the above embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, the “cluster” (1100) includes a “culture tank” (1101), a “bio digester” (1102), a “pipeline” (1103), and a “gas liquefaction device”. (1104), a “loading facility” (1105), and a carbon dioxide emission facility such as an “oil field / gas field” (1106). Further, a “carbon dioxide supply facility” (not shown) may be provided. Further, as long as it is a carbon dioxide emission facility, “various factories” or “power plants” (not shown) may be used instead of the oil / gas fields as described above.

  These clusters, refineries, bio-digestors and pipelines constituting the clusters, gas liquefaction devices and loading facilities, carbon dioxide discharge facilities such as oil fields / gas fields, carbon dioxide supply facilities, etc. are described in the first embodiment. Since it has already been described in 2 and 2, its description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the cluster of the present example has a “microalgae aquarium” (1107) in the culture aquarium, and is added to the carbon dioxide supply facility instead of the carbon dioxide supply facility (not shown). And further having a “sodium hydrogen carbonate production facility” (1108).

  The “microalgae tank” (1107) refers to a tank for culturing microalgae such as chlorella as biomass. “Microalgae”, also called microalgae, is a living organism that has single cells as unit life forms and has chlorophyll to photosynthesis and fix oxygen in the atmosphere to produce oxygen. For example, Euglena, Chlorella, Diatom, Spirulina, Haematococcus and the like can be mentioned.

  And since the structure of the aquarium for culturing such a microalgae, a culture technique, etc. are also well-known, description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, a part of the culture tank may be a microalgae tank, or all may be a microalgae tank. When sodium hydrogen carbonate is supplied to the microalgae water tank and cultured, the culture amount (dry weight) per hectare per day may be 3000 tons, which is very high in production efficiency.

  The “sodium bicarbonate production facility” (1108) refers to a facility that collects carbon dioxide generated from the oil field or gas field and produces sodium bicarbonate. The method for producing sodium hydrogen carbonate from the collected carbon dioxide is not particularly limited. For example, a sodium hydroxide solution is prepared in advance by electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution, and carbon dioxide is mixed therein and reacted. The production method is mentioned.

  Alternatively, a method of producing thorium hydrogen carbonate from carbon dioxide using a sorbet method (ammonia soda method) can also be mentioned. Specifically, a solution in which ammonia and sodium chloride are dissolved is prepared, and sodium hydrogen carbonate is produced by mixing and reacting with carbon dioxide.

<Simple explanation of effect>
As described above, in the cluster-type oil production complex of this example, microalgae such as chlorella are used as biomass, and sodium bicarbonate produced from carbon dioxide contained in exhaust gas from oil fields and the like as the feed for the cultivation. Can be used.

  Therefore, carbon dioxide, which has been pointed out as one of the causes of global warming, can be used effectively, and biologically derived gas liquefied oil can be produced.

  In addition, sodium bicarbonate, which is introduced into the microalgae water tank as a food for cultivating microalgae such as chlorella, is solid at room temperature, so unlike the carbon dioxide that is gaseous at room temperature, the transportation cost to the microalgae water tank should be reduced. Can do. Or a conveyance distance can be lengthened.

Example 4
<Overview>
In the cluster type oil production complex of this example, greening is carried out by spraying a digestive liquid containing a large amount of nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen, which are residues of methane fermentation by Euglena and algae (chlorella, etc.), for example, in the desert. Features.

<Configuration>
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement configuration in a cluster of the cluster-type oil production complex of the present embodiment. Although not shown, the cluster type oil production complex of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of “clusters” and a “refinery” serving as a center as in the above embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the “cluster” (1200) includes a “culture tank” (1201), a “bio digester” (1202), a “pipeline” (1203), and a “gas liquefaction device”. (1204) and “loading equipment” (1205). In addition, although not shown, an “oil field / gas field”, “carbon dioxide supply facility”, “microalgae water tank”, “sodium hydrogen carbonate production facility”, or the like may be provided. In addition, as described above, “various factories” or “power plants” (not shown) may be used instead of the oil / gas fields.

  These clusters, refineries, culture tanks, bio-digestors, pipelines, gas liquefaction devices, loading facilities, oil fields / gas fields, carbon dioxide supply facilities, microalgae tanks, sodium bicarbonate Since production facilities and the like have already been described in the above embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

  And the feature point of a present Example is characterized by the biodigestor having "digestion juice extraction equipment" (1206) and "fertilizer production equipment" (1207).

  “Digestive juice extraction equipment” (1206) refers to equipment for extracting digestive juice, which is biomass that has lost its methane fermentation function. The digestion liquid may be extracted, for example, by extracting the liquid remaining in the culture tank or the microalgae tank after methane fermentation as it is, or by using a separator to extract a nutrient-rich one. And since this digestive juice contains many nutrient components, such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash, it can be used as a suitable fertilizer at the time of greening.

  “Fertilizer production facility” (1206) refers to a facility for using the digestive juice extracted by the digestive juice extraction facility as a fertilizer for greening the land. Specifically, it is preferable to include a spreader that sprays the extracted digestive liquid on the land to be greened in a liquid state, a powder fertilizer refining device that converts the digestive liquid into powder. And since digestive juice contains many nutrient components, such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, it is a condition that it can utilize as a suitable fertilizer in the case of greening.

  In particular, in oil fields that are mainly located in the desert in addition to the sea, fertilizers made from the digestive liquid of methane fermentation can be sprayed on the spot by placing biodigestors in the desert. Therefore, the transportation cost of digestive juice can be suppressed.

  In addition, when placing a cluster containing these culture tanks, bio-digestors, and gas liquefaction devices in the desert, it is difficult for the desert to rain, so the water in the tank overflows (due to precipitation) without placing the culture tank inside. There is also an effect that there is nothing.

  Further, as described above, the digestive juice extracted by the digestive juice extraction equipment contains a large amount of nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, and is suitable as a feed for plants and protists. Therefore, the digested liquid may be supplied to a culture water tank for culturing such biomass.

<Simple explanation of effect>
As described above, the cluster-type oil production complex of the present embodiment can be used for greening by using the digestion liquid during methane fermentation that is produced in the process of producing gas liquefied oil.

0300 Cluster 0301 Biomass supply area 0302 Bio digester 0303 Pipeline 0304 Gas liquefier 0305 Loading facility 0410 Refinery 0411 Receiving facility 0412 Refiner

Claims (5)

A cluster-type oil production complex that manufactures products by gathering biological oil from clusters, which are functional areas that are distributed, into a refinery that serves as a center.
Each cluster
A biomass supply area for supplying biomass;
A plurality of bio-digestors that are arranged adjacent to each biomass supply area and methane-ferment the biomass supplied from the biomass supply area to produce methane gas;
A pipeline for collecting methane gas produced in each bio digester;
A gas liquefaction device for producing gas liquefied oil from the methane gas collected in the pipeline using a microreactor;
Loading equipment for loading the gas liquefied oil produced by the gas liquefaction device onto the moving and conveying means,
The refinery
A receiving facility for receiving the gas liquefied oil from the mobile transportation means loaded with the gas liquefied oil produced by the gas liquefier of each cluster;
A cluster-type oil production complex having a purification apparatus for refining gas liquefied oil received at a receiving facility and producing a product.   The cluster type oil production complex according to claim 1, wherein the biomass supply area is a culture tank for supplying algae as biomass. The cluster further includes a carbon dioxide emission facility which is a facility that emits carbon dioxide such as an oil field, a gas field, a factory, and a power plant,
The cluster type oil production complex according to claim 2, further comprising: a carbon dioxide supply facility for collecting carbon dioxide generated from the carbon dioxide emission facility, supplying the carbon dioxide to each culture tank, and using it for biomass production. . The cluster is
The culture tank has a microalgae tank for culturing microalgae as biomass,
Collecting carbon dioxide generated from the carbon dioxide emission facility, and equipped with sodium hydrogen carbonate production equipment for producing sodium hydrogen carbonate instead of the carbon dioxide supply equipment or in addition to the carbon dioxide supply equipment,
The cluster type oil production complex according to claim 3. The bio digester is
Digestive juice extraction equipment that extracts digestive juice, which is biomass that has lost its methane fermentation function,
The cluster type oil production complex according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a fertilizer production facility for using the digestive fluid extracted by the digestive fluid extraction facility as a fertilizer for greening the land.

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