JPWO2010116830A1 - Method for producing optical film - Google Patents

Abstract

An optical film having low hygroscopicity, transparency, high heat resistance, and improved brittleness is provided. In particular, an optical film used as a polarizing plate protective film is provided. The optical film of the present invention is an optical film produced by a solution casting method, and includes (i) an acrylic resin and a cellulose ester resin at a constant mass ratio, and (ii) a methyl methacrylate monomer at a constant mass%. (Iii) a weight average molecular weight of the acrylic resin is a certain value or more, a content of the methyl methacrylate monomer in the acrylic resin is a constant mass%, and (iv) a total of acyl groups of the cellulose ester resin. The substitution degree is within a certain range, the substitution degree of an acyl group having a carbon number within a certain range is within a certain range, and the weight average molecular weight of the cellulose ester resin is not less than a certain value.

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical film, and more particularly to an optical film having a low hygroscopic property, transparency, high heat resistance, and markedly improved brittleness by blending a specific acrylic resin and a cellulose ester resin.

  The demand for liquid crystal display devices is expanding in applications such as liquid crystal televisions and personal computer liquid crystal displays. In general, a liquid crystal display device is composed of a liquid crystal cell in which a transparent electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a color filter, etc. are sandwiched between glass plates, and two polarizing plates provided on both sides thereof. The optical element (polarizing plate protective film) is sandwiched between a child (also referred to as a polarizing film or a polarizing film). As this polarizing plate protective film, a cellulose triacetate film is usually used.

  On the other hand, with the recent advancement of technology, the enlargement of the liquid crystal display device is accelerated, and the use of the liquid crystal display device is diversified. For example, it can be used as a large display installed on a street or in a store, or used as an advertising display in a public place using a display device called digital signage.

  In such an application, since it is assumed to be used outdoors, degradation due to moisture absorption of the polarizing film becomes a problem, and higher moisture resistance is required for the polarizing plate protective film. However, it has been difficult to obtain sufficient moisture resistance with cellulose ester films such as cellulose triacetate films that have been used in the past, and there has been a problem that the optical effect increases when the film thickness is increased to obtain moisture resistance. . Furthermore, in recent years, there has been a demand for thinning of the apparatus, so that the thickness of the polarizing plate itself has also become a problem.

  On the other hand, polymethyl methacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as “PMMA”), which is a representative of acrylic resin, as a low hygroscopic optical film material, exhibits excellent transparency and dimensional stability in addition to low hygroscopicity. It was suitably used for optical films.

  However, as the liquid crystal display device is enlarged as described above, and the applications to the outdoors are expanded, it is necessary to increase the amount of light of the backlight so that the image can be fully recognized even outdoors. It was used under harsh conditions, and heat resistance at high temperatures and longer-term heat resistance were required.

  However, since the PMMA film has poor heat resistance, there has been a problem that the shape of the PMMA film changes when used at high temperatures or for long-term use.

  This problem is an important issue not only as a physical property of a single film but also in a polarizing plate and a display device using such a film. That is, in the liquid crystal display device, the polarizing plate curls as the film is deformed, causing a problem that the entire panel is warped. The problem due to film deformation is also a problem on the backlight side, but when used at the position on the viewing side surface, the design phase difference changes due to deformation, so the viewing angle changes and the color changes. The problem arises.

  In addition, the acrylic resin film is fragile and brittle when compared with a cellulose ester film and the like, and is difficult to handle. In particular, it is difficult to stably produce an optical film for a large liquid crystal display device. It was.

  Furthermore, PMMA resin often contains methyl methacrylate monomer, but since methyl methacrylate monomer has sensitization property, there is also a recent increase in environmental consciousness, and methyl methacrylate monomer is added to the film produced using PMMA resin. Is not preferable if it is contained in a large amount.

  In order to improve the moisture resistance and heat resistance, a method of adding a polycarbonate (hereinafter abbreviated as “PC”) to an acrylic resin has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Insufficient compatibility of these materials is likely to cause cloudiness and is difficult to use as an optical film (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Other methods for improving heat resistance include a method of introducing an alicyclic alkyl group as a copolymer component of an acrylic resin, a method of forming a cyclic structure in a molecular main chain by intramolecular cyclization reaction, etc. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 2 and 3).

  However, in these methods, although the heat resistance is improved, the film is not sufficiently brittle, and it has been difficult to produce an optical film used for a large-sized liquid crystal display device. In addition, when the brittleness is insufficient, the optical film promotes the deformation of the panel, and consequently the change in the phase difference cannot be suppressed, and the problem of the change in the viewing angle and the change in the color tone also occurs.

  As a technique for improving moisture resistance and heat resistance, a resin in which an acrylic resin is combined with an impact-resistant acrylic rubber-methyl methacrylate copolymer or butyl-modified acetyl cellulose has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

  However, even with this method, sufficient improvement in brittleness cannot be obtained, and handling properties are not sufficient for producing an optical film used for a large-sized liquid crystal display device. Further, haze due to the mixed components is also generated, and when used outdoors where a higher contrast is required, there is a problem that the contrast of the image is lowered.

  On the other hand, an optical film using an acrylic resin may be manufactured by a melt film forming method, but in the melt film forming method, the methyl methacrylate monomer in the acrylic resin is contained as it is in the film. In addition, the resin must be heated to a high temperature in order to melt the resin, and there is a concern that the resin is decomposed by this heat and the methyl methacrylate monomer is increased.

  Moreover, the technique which mixes an acrylic resin with the conventional cellulose-ester film for control of a plasticizer and an optical characteristic is also proposed (for example, refer patent document 5).

  However, for these purposes, the acrylic resin is not added to such an extent that the moisture resistance can be sufficiently improved, so that sufficient moisture resistance cannot be obtained. Problems such as changes in optical values occurred. Conventionally, when a large amount of other resin is added to the cellulose ester resin in order to improve the moisture resistance, it is considered that the transparency is lowered, and the moisture resistance is such that the optical value does not change in a high humidity environment. A cellulose ester film having improved properties has not been obtained.

  Under the above circumstances, along with the recent expansion of applications of liquid crystal display devices, problems such as low hygroscopicity, transparency, high heat resistance, brittleness, etc. in the optical film used are becoming more and more prominent and improvement is required. It was done.

JP-A-5-306344 JP 2002-12728 A JP-A-2005-146084 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-119217 JP 2003-12859 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems and situations, and a solution to that problem is to provide an optical film having low hygroscopicity, transparency, high heat resistance, and markedly improved brittleness. .

  In particular, it is to provide an optical film suitably used as a polarizing plate protective film in a large-sized liquid crystal display device or a liquid crystal display device for outdoor use.

  The above-mentioned problem according to the present invention is solved by the following means.

  1. An optical film produced by a solution casting method, comprising (i) an acrylic resin (A) and a cellulose ester resin (B) in a mass ratio of 95: 5 to 30:70, and (ii) a methyl methacrylate monomer And (iii) the acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight of 80000 or more, and is contained in the acrylic resin (A). Content of the said methyl methacrylate monomer is 0.20-1.00 mass% with respect to the said acrylic resin (A) total mass, and (iv) The total of the acyl group of the said cellulose ester resin (B) The degree of substitution is 2.0 to 3.0, the degree of substitution of acyl groups in the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1.2 to 3.0, and the weight average molecular weight of the cellulose ester resin (B) is 75,000 or more An optical film characterized by the above.

  2. 2. The optical film as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cellulose ester resin (B) has a total substitution degree of acyl groups outside the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms of 1.3 or less.

  3. 3. The optical system according to item 1 or 2, wherein the cellulose ester resin (B) has a total substitution degree of acyl groups in the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms of 2.00 or more. the film.

  4). Item 4. The optical film according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the cellulose ester resin (B) has a total substitution degree of acyl groups of 2.5 to 3.0.

  5). The said acrylic resin (A) has 50-99 mass% of methyl methacrylate units in a molecule | numerator, The optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 4th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

  6). The mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is within a range of 95: 5 to 50:50, according to any one of the first to fifth items, The optical film as described.

  7). The mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is in the range of 80:20 to 60:40, according to any one of the first to sixth items, The optical film as described.

  8). The optical film according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 80000 to 1000000.

  9. The weight average molecular weight of said acrylic resin (A) exists in the range of 100,000-500000, The optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 8th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

  10. The weight average molecular weight of said acrylic resin (A) exists in the range of 150,000-400000, The optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 9th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

  11. The weight average molecular weight of the said cellulose ester resin (B) exists in the range of 75000-300000, The optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 10th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

  12 The weight average molecular weight of the said cellulose ester resin (B) exists in the range of 100,000-24,000, The optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 11th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

  13. The said optical film contains 0.5-30 mass% acrylic particle | grains (C) with respect to the gross mass of resin which comprises the said optical film, The said 1st term to 12th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned. The optical film as described in any one.

  14 14. The optical film according to claim 1, wherein the optical film has a thickness in a range of 20 to 200 μm and is used as a polarizing plate protective film.

  By the above means of the present invention, an optical film having low hygroscopicity, transparency, high heat resistance, and markedly improved brittleness can be provided.

  In particular, it is possible to provide an optical film that is suitably used as a polarizing plate protective film used in a large-sized liquid crystal display device or a digital signage liquid crystal display device. In addition, by applying the optical film of the present invention to at least one surface of a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal display device in which fluctuations in viewing angle and color shift are reduced can be obtained.

  Although the mechanism of the effect expression of the present invention has not necessarily been fully elucidated, considerations regarding the mechanism are described below.

  Conventionally, as a polarizing plate protective film, a cellulose ester film is generally used. However, the cellulose ester film has a drawback of higher hygroscopicity than an acrylic film. However, when an acrylic resin is mixed with a cellulose ester resin to improve the hygroscopicity, the haze increases without being compatible with each other, making it difficult to use as an optical film. In particular, an acrylic resin having a large molecular weight is considered to be incompatible with the cellulose ester resin, and it has been considered difficult to improve the hygroscopicity by mixing the resin. Patent Document 5 describes that an acrylic resin having a relatively low molecular weight is added to the cellulose ester resin as a plasticizer. However, the hygroscopicity cannot be improved because the addition amount is small, and an acrylic resin having a low molecular weight is used. By adding, the heat resistance is lowered, and characteristics suitable as an optical film used for a large-sized liquid crystal display device or a liquid crystal display device for outdoor use cannot be obtained.

  On the other hand, the acrylic resin film has poor heat resistance, and has a property that its shape is easily changed and inferior in brittleness when used at high temperatures or for long-term use. Although Patent Documents 1 to 3 are working to improve the properties of acrylic resin, sufficient properties as an optical film have not been obtained. In Patent Document 3, a technique for improving heat resistance by mixing a cellulose ester resin with an acrylic resin has been devised, but it was thought that a cellulose ester resin having a high molecular weight was incompatible with an acrylic resin. The cellulose ester resin having a low molecular weight was added, and as a result, the brittleness was not sufficiently improved.

  However, as a result of the study by the present inventors, it has been found that a cellulose ester resin having a specific substitution degree exhibits high compatibility with respect to an acrylic resin having a specific molecular weight, and surprisingly, a molecular weight comparison is made. It has been found that even higher cellulose ester resins can be compatible without increasing haze.

  In the melt film forming method, the methyl methacrylate monomer contained in the raw acrylic resin is brought into the finished film as it is, but in the solution film forming method, the content of the methyl methacrylate monomer in the film is less than the raw material. . This is presumably because the methyl methacrylate monomer is extracted in the solvent in which the resin is dissolved and removed in the film drying step.

  Furthermore, the content of methyl methacrylate monomer in the film is further reduced by blending a cellulose ester resin having a specific substitution degree with respect to the acrylic resin. This is presumably because the blended cellulose ester resin having a specific degree of substitution has the effect of increasing the diffusion rate of the solvent and the like in the acrylic resin.

  By removing sensitizing methyl methacrylate monomer from the film during the drying process, the safety and environmental friendliness of the film will be improved, but the methyl methacrylate monomer should be removed under specific drying process conditions. As a result, the physical properties of the film, particularly the brittleness, are greatly improved.

  Furthermore, surprisingly, in the case of a film having a very large proportion of acrylic resin, the physical properties of the film are not improved even if methyl methacrylate monomer is removed under specific drying conditions. It was found that this was a unique effect when blended at a specific ratio.

  As a result, by compatibilizing acrylic resin (A) and cellulose ester resin (B) by blending within a specific mixing ratio range, the disadvantages of acrylic resin and cellulose ester resin are improved and low moisture absorption is achieved. The present inventors have found that an optical film that is transparent, has high weather resistance, and has markedly improved brittleness can be obtained.

The figure which showed typically an example of the dope preparation process, casting process, and drying process of a solution casting film forming method

  The optical film of the present invention is an optical film produced by a solution casting method, and contains (i) an acrylic resin (A) and a cellulose ester resin (B) in a mass ratio of 95: 5 to 30:70, (Ii) The methyl methacrylate monomer is contained at 0.02 to 0.15% by mass with respect to the total mass of the optical film, (iii) the acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight of 80000 or more, Content of the said methyl methacrylate monomer in an acrylic resin (A) is 0.20-1.00 mass% with respect to the said acrylic resin (A) total mass, and (iv) The said cellulose ester resin ( The total substitution degree of the acyl group of B) is 2.0 to 3.0, the substitution degree of the acyl group within the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1.2 to 3.0, and the cellulose ester resin ( B) Weight average molecule The quantity is 75000 or more. This feature is a technical feature common to the inventions according to claims 1 to 14.

  Hereinafter, the present invention, its components, and modes and modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.

[Outline of Optical Film of the Present Invention]
The optical film of the present invention is an optical film produced by a solution casting method and is characterized by satisfying the following requirements (i) to (iv).

(I) The acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) are contained in a mass ratio of 95: 5 to 30:70. (Ii) The methyl methacrylate monomer is 0.02 with respect to the total mass of the optical film. (Iii) The acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight of 80000 or more, and the content of the methyl methacrylate monomer in the acrylic resin (A) is the acrylic resin ( A) It is 0.20-1.00 mass% with respect to the total mass. (Iv) The total substitution degree of the acyl group of the said cellulose ester resin (B) is 2.0-3.0, and carbon number The substitution degree of the acyl group within the range of 3 to 7 is 1.2 to 3.0, and the weight average molecular weight of the cellulose ester resin (B) is 75000 or more. From the viewpoint of the effect expression, the sum of the substitution degrees outside the scope of the acyl group having a carbon number of 3 to 7 of the cellulose ester resin (B) is preferably 1.3 or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the sum total of the substitution degree of the acyl group in the range whose carbon number of the said cellulose-ester resin (B) is 3-7 is 2.00 or more. Furthermore, it is preferable that the total substitution degree of the acyl group of the said cellulose ester resin (B) is 2.5-3.0.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the said acrylic resin (A) has 50-99 mass% of methyl methacrylate units in a molecule | numerator.

  The mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is preferably in the range of 95: 5 to 50:50, more preferably in the range of 80:20 to 60:40. It is to be.

  In the present invention, the acrylic resin (A) preferably has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 80,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably in the range of 100,000 to 500,000, most preferably 150,000 to 400,000. It is within the range.

  On the other hand, it is preferable that the weight average molecular weight of the said cellulose ester resin (B) exists in the range of 75000-300000. More preferably, it is in the range of 100,000 to 240,000.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the optical film of this invention is a thing of the aspect containing 0.5-30 mass% acrylic particle (C) with respect to the gross mass of resin which comprises the said optical film.

  The optical film of this invention can be conveniently used as a polarizing plate protective film, when the film thickness shall be in the range of 20-200 micrometers.

  Hereinafter, the components and the like will be described in detail.

<Acrylic resin (A)>
The acrylic resin used in the present invention includes a methacrylic resin. Although it does not restrict | limit especially as resin, What consists of 50-99 mass% of methyl methacrylate units and 1-50 mass% of other monomer units copolymerizable with this is preferable.

  Other monomers that can be copolymerized include alkyl methacrylates having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, alkyl acrylates having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and the like. Unsaturated group-containing divalent carboxylic acids such as saturated acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid, aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and α-methylstyrene, α, β-unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, Maleic anhydride, maleimide, N-substituted maleimide, glutaric anhydride and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more monomers.

  Among these, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, s-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of thermal decomposition resistance and fluidity of the copolymer. n-Butyl acrylate is particularly preferably used.

  The acrylic resin (A) used in the optical film of the present invention has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) particularly from the viewpoint of improving brittleness as an optical film and improving transparency when it is compatible with the cellulose ester resin (B). Is 80000 or more. When the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic resin (A) is less than 80000, sufficient brittleness improvement cannot be obtained, and compatibility with the cellulose ester resin (B) deteriorates. The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic resin (A) is more preferably in the range of 80,000 to 1,000,000, particularly preferably in the range of 100,000 to 600,000, and most preferably in the range of 150,000 to 400,000. preferable. Although the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of an acrylic resin (A) is not specifically limited, It is a preferable form that it shall be 1 million or less from a viewpoint on manufacture.

  The weight average molecular weight of the acrylic resin according to the present invention can be measured by gel permeation chromatography. The measurement conditions are as follows.

Solvent: Methylene chloride Column: Shodex K806, K805, K803G (Used by connecting three Showa Denko Co., Ltd.)
Column temperature: 25 ° C
Sample concentration: 0.1% by mass
Detector: RI Model 504 (manufactured by GL Sciences)
Pump: L6000 (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.)
Flow rate: 1.0ml / min
Calibration curve: Standard polystyrene STK standard polystyrene (manufactured by Tosoh Corp.) Mw = 2,800,000-500 calibration curves with 13 samples were used. The 13 samples are preferably used at approximately equal intervals.

  The methyl methacrylate monomer content in the acrylic resin according to the present invention can be measured with a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. The measurement conditions are as follows.

Sample: Acrylic resin is dissolved in acetonitrile to prepare a 0.1% sample solution Sample volume: 1 μl
Equipment: HP 5890 Series II / HP 5971 MSD
Column: InertCAP for amines (0.32 mmid × 30 m) manufactured by GL Sciences
Inlet: 200 ° C
MSD: SIM m / z = 55,100
OVEN: 60 ° C. (4 min) → 15 (° C./min)→120° C.
The amount of methyl methacrylate monomer in the produced optical film can also be measured by the same method.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a manufacturing method of the acrylic resin (A) in this invention, You may use any well-known methods, such as suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, block polymerization, or solution polymerization. Here, as a polymerization initiator, a normal peroxide type and an azo type can be used, and a redox type can also be used. Regarding the polymerization temperature, suspension or emulsion polymerization may be performed at 30 to 100 ° C, and bulk or solution polymerization may be performed at 80 to 160 ° C. In order to control the reduced viscosity of the obtained copolymer, polymerization can be carried out using alkyl mercaptan or the like as a chain transfer agent.

  A commercially available thing can also be used as an acrylic resin which concerns on this invention. For example, Delpet 60N, 80N (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd.), Dianal BR52, BR80, BR83, BR85, BR88 (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), KT75 (Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and the like can be mentioned. . Two or more acrylic resins can be used in combination.

<Cellulose ester resin (B)>
The cellulose ester resin (B) according to the present invention has an acyl group total substitution degree (T) of 2.0 to 3 from the viewpoint of transparency, particularly when improved in brittleness or compatible with the acrylic resin (A). 0.0, the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1.2 to 3.0, and the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 2.0 to 3.0. preferable. That is, the cellulose ester resin according to the present invention is a cellulose ester resin substituted with an acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Specifically, propionyl, butyryl and the like are preferably used, and a propionyl group is particularly preferable. Used.

  When the total substitution degree of the acyl group of the cellulose ester resin (B) is less than 2.0, that is, when the residual degree of the hydroxyl groups at the 2, 3, and 6 positions of the cellulose ester molecule is more than 1.0, the acrylic ester When the resin (A) and the acrylic resin (B) are not sufficiently compatible and used as an optical film, haze becomes a problem. Moreover, even if the total substitution degree of the acyl group is 2.0 or more, if the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is less than 1.2, still sufficient compatibility cannot be obtained, Brittleness will decrease. For example, even when the total substitution degree of the acyl group is 2.0 or more, the substitution degree of the acyl group having 2 carbon atoms, that is, the acetyl group is high, and the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1. When it is less than 2, the compatibility is lowered and the haze is increased. Even when the total substitution degree of the acyl group is 2.0 or more, the substitution degree of the acyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms is high, and the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is less than 1.2. In such a case, the brittleness deteriorates and desired characteristics cannot be obtained.

  As for the acyl substitution degree of the cellulose ester resin (B) according to the present invention, the total substitution degree (T) is 2.0 to 3.0, and the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1.2 to 3.0. If it is 3.0, there is no problem, but the total substitution degree of acyl groups other than those having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, that is, acetyl groups or acyl groups having 8 or more carbon atoms, is preferably 1.3 or less. .

  The total substitution degree (T) of the acyl group of the cellulose ester resin (B) is more preferably in the range of 2.5 to 3.0.

  In the present invention, the acyl group may be an aliphatic acyl group or an aromatic acyl group. In the case of an aliphatic acyl group, it may be linear or branched and may further have a substituent. The number of carbon atoms of the acyl group in the present invention includes an acyl group substituent.

  When the said cellulose ester resin (B) has an aromatic acyl group as a substituent, it is preferable that the number of the substituents X substituted to an aromatic ring is 0-5. Also in this case, it is necessary to pay attention so that the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms including the substituent is 1.2 to 3.0. For example, since the benzoyl group has 7 carbon atoms, when it has a substituent containing carbon, the benzoyl group has 8 or more carbon atoms and is not included in the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Become.

  Further, when the number of substituents substituted on the aromatic ring is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other, but they may be linked together to form a condensed polycyclic compound (for example, naphthalene, indene, indane, phenanthrene, quinoline). , Isoquinoline, chromene, chroman, phthalazine, acridine, indole, indoline, etc.).

  In the cellulose ester resin (B) as described above, having a structure having at least one kind of an aliphatic acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is used as a structure used for the cellulose resin according to the present invention.

  The substitution degree of the cellulose ester resin (B) according to the present invention is such that the total substitution degree (T) of the acyl group is 2.0 to 3.0, and the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1.2 to 2.0. 3.0.

  Moreover, it is a preferable structure that the sum total of the substitution degree of other than an acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, that is, an acetyl group and an acyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms is 1.3 or less.

  The cellulose ester resin (B) according to the present invention is particularly preferably at least one selected from cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate benzoate, cellulose propionate, and cellulose butyrate. Those having an acyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms as a substituent are preferred.

  Among these, cellulose ester resins that are particularly preferred are cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose propionate.

  The portion that is not substituted with an acyl group usually exists as a hydroxyl group. These can be synthesized by known methods.

  In addition, the substitution degree of an acetyl group and the substitution degree of other acyl groups are obtained by a method prescribed in ASTM-D817-96.

  The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the cellulose ester resin according to the present invention is 75000 or more, particularly from the viewpoint of improving compatibility with the acrylic resin (A) and brittleness, and is preferably in the range of 75,000 to 300,000. More preferably, it is in the range of ˜240,000, particularly preferably in the range of 160000 to 240000. When the important average molecular weight (Mw) of the cellulose ester resin is less than 75,000, the effect of improving heat resistance and brittleness is not sufficient, and the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained. In the present invention, two or more kinds of cellulose resins can be mixed and used.

  In the optical film of the present invention, the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) are contained in a mass ratio of 95: 5 to 30:70, preferably 95: 5 to 50:50. Preferably it is 90: 10-60: 40.

  If the mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is more than 95: 5, the effect of the cellulose ester resin (B) cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the mass ratio is When the amount of acrylic resin is less than 30:70, the moisture resistance becomes insufficient.

  In the optical film of the present invention, the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) are preferably contained in a compatible state. The physical properties and quality required for an optical film are achieved by supplementing each other by dissolving different resins.

  Whether the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) are in a compatible state can be determined by, for example, the glass transition temperature Tg.

  For example, when the two resins have different glass transition temperatures, when the two resins are mixed, there are two or more glass transition temperatures for each resin because there is a glass transition temperature for each resin. When they are compatible, the glass transition temperature specific to each resin disappears and becomes one glass transition temperature, which is the glass transition temperature of the compatible resin.

  The glass transition temperature referred to here is an intermediate value determined according to JIS K7121 (1987) using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-7 model manufactured by Perkin Elmer) at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min. The point glass transition temperature (Tmg).

  The acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) are each preferably an amorphous resin, and either one may be a crystalline polymer or a partially crystalline polymer. In the present invention, the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) are preferably compatible with each other to become an amorphous resin.

  In the optical film of the present invention, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic resin (A), the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the cellulose ester resin (B), and the degree of substitution are different in solubility in the solvent of both resins. It is obtained by measuring each after use. When fractionating the resin, it is possible to extract and separate the soluble resin by adding a compatible resin in a solvent that is soluble only in either one. At this time, heating operation or reflux is performed. May be. A combination of these solvents may be combined in two or more steps to separate the resin. The dissolved resin and the resin remaining as an insoluble matter are filtered off, and the solution containing the extract can be separated by an operation of evaporating the solvent and drying. These fractionated resins can be identified by general structural analysis of polymers. When the optical film of the present invention contains a resin other than the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B), it can be separated by the same method.

  If the weight average molecular weights (Mw) of the compatible resins are different, the high molecular weight substances are eluted earlier by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the lower molecular weight substances are eluted after a longer time. Therefore, it can be easily fractionated and the molecular weight can be measured.

  In addition, the molecular weight of the compatible resin is measured by GPC, and at the same time, the resin solution eluted every time is separated, the solvent is distilled off, and the dried resin is different by quantitatively analyzing the structure. By detecting the resin composition for each molecular weight fraction, it is possible to identify each compatible resin. By measuring the molecular weight distribution of each of the resins separated in advance based on the difference in solubility in a solvent by GPC, it is possible to detect each of the compatible resins.

  In the present invention, “containing acrylic resin (A) and cellulose ester resin (B) in a compatible state” means mixing each resin (polymer), resulting in a compatible state. This means that a state in which a precursor of acrylic resin such as monomer, dimer or oligomer is mixed with cellulose ester resin (B) and then polymerized by polymerization is not included. .

  For example, the process of obtaining a mixed resin by mixing a precursor of an acrylic resin such as a monomer, dimer, or oligomer with the cellulose ester resin (B) and then polymerizing it involves a complicated polymerization reaction. The resin is difficult to control the reaction, and it is difficult to adjust the molecular weight. In addition, when a resin is synthesized by such a method, graft polymerization, cross-linking reaction or cyclization reaction often occurs. In many cases, the resin is soluble in a solvent or cannot be melted by heating. Since it is difficult to elute the resin and measure the weight average molecular weight (Mw), it is difficult to control the physical properties and it cannot be used as a resin for stably producing an optical film.

  Unless the function as an optical film is impaired, the optical film of this invention may contain resin and additives other than an acrylic resin (A) and a cellulose-ester resin (B), and may be comprised.

  When the resin other than the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is contained, even if the added resin is in a compatible state, it may be mixed without being dissolved.

  The total mass of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) in the optical film of the present invention is preferably 55% by mass or more of the optical film, more preferably 60% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 70% by mass or more.

  When using resins and additives other than the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B), it is preferable to adjust the addition amount within a range not impairing the function of the optical film of the present invention.

<Acrylic particles (C)>
The optical film of the present invention preferably contains acrylic particles.

  The acrylic particles (C) according to the present invention are present in a state of particles (also referred to as an incompatible state) in an optical film containing the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) in a compatible state. Represents an acrylic component.

  The acrylic particles (C) are obtained, for example, by collecting a predetermined amount of the produced optical film, dissolving it in a solvent, stirring, and sufficiently dissolving / dispersing it, so that the pore diameter is less than the average particle diameter of the acrylic particles (C). It is preferable that the weight of the insoluble matter filtered and collected using the PTFE membrane filter is 90% by mass or more of the acrylic particles (C) added to the optical film.

  The acrylic particles (C) used in the present invention are not particularly limited, but are preferably acrylic particles (C) having a layer structure of two or more layers, particularly the following multilayer structure acrylic granular composite. It is preferable.

  The multilayer structure acrylic granular composite is formed by laminating an innermost hard layer polymer, a cross-linked soft layer polymer exhibiting rubber elasticity, and an outermost hard layer polymer from the center to the outer periphery. This refers to a particulate acrylic polymer having a structure.

  That is, the multilayer structure acrylic granular composite is a multilayer structure acrylic granular composite comprising an innermost hard layer, a crosslinked soft layer, and an outermost hard layer from the central portion toward the outer peripheral portion. This three-layer core-shell multilayer acrylic granular composite is preferably used.

  Preferred embodiments of the multilayer structure acrylic granular composite used in the acrylic resin composition according to the present invention include the following. (A) Monomer composed of 80 to 98.9% by mass of methyl methacrylate, 1 to 20% by mass of alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and 0.01 to 0.3% by mass of polyfunctional grafting agent An innermost hard layer polymer obtained by polymerizing a mixture of the body, (b) in the presence of the innermost hard layer polymer, an alkyl acrylate having an alkyl group of 4 to 8 carbon atoms of 75 to 98.5% by mass. A crosslinked soft layer polymer obtained by polymerizing a mixture of monomers comprising 0.01 to 5% by mass of a polyfunctional crosslinking agent and 0.5 to 5% by mass of a multifunctional grafting agent, (c) In the presence of a polymer comprising an inner hard layer and a crosslinked soft layer, a mixture of monomers comprising 80 to 99% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 1 to 20% by mass of alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Outermost obtained by polymerizing The layered polymer has a three-layer structure, and the obtained three-layered polymer is the innermost hard layer polymer (a) 5 to 40% by mass, the soft layer polymer (b) 30 to 60% by mass. And the outermost hard layer polymer (c) 20 to 50% by mass, having an insoluble part when fractionated with acetone, and an insoluble granular part having a methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree of 1.5 to 4.0 Complex.

  As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-17406 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-39095, not only the composition and particle size of each layer of the multilayer structure acrylic granular composite are defined, but also the multilayer structure acrylic granular composite. By setting the tensile modulus of the body and the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone in the acetone-insoluble part within a specific range, it is possible to realize a further sufficient balance between impact resistance and stress whitening resistance.

  Here, the innermost hard layer polymer (a) constituting the multi-layer structure acrylic granular composite is 80 to 98.9% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 1 to 20% of alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. % And a mixture of monomers consisting of 0.01 to 0.3% by mass of a polyfunctional grafting agent is preferred.

  Here, examples of the alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, s-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and the like. And n-butyl acrylate are preferably used.

  The ratio of the alkyl acrylate unit in the innermost hard layer polymer (a) is preferably 1 to 20% by mass.

  Examples of the polyfunctional grafting agent include polyfunctional monomers having different polymerizable functional groups, such as allyl esters of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid, and allyl methacrylate is preferably used. . The polyfunctional grafting agent is used to chemically bond the innermost hard layer polymer and the soft layer polymer, and the ratio used during the innermost hard layer polymerization is 0.01 to 0.3% by mass. .

  The crosslinked soft layer polymer (b) constituting the acrylic granular composite is an alkyl acrylate 75-98.5 having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the presence of the innermost hard layer polymer (a). What is obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture consisting of mass%, polyfunctional crosslinking agent 0.01 to 5 mass% and polyfunctional grafting agent 0.5 to 5 mass% is preferred.

  Here, as the alkyl acrylate having 4 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, n-butyl acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate is preferably used.

  In addition to these polymerizable monomers, it is possible to copolymerize 25% by mass or less of other monofunctional monomers capable of copolymerization.

  Other monofunctional monomers that can be copolymerized include styrene and substituted styrene derivatives. As for the ratio of the alkyl acrylate having 4 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and styrene, the glass transition temperature of the polymer (b) decreases as the former increases, that is, the ratio can be softened.

  On the other hand, from the viewpoint of the transparency of the resin assembly, the refractive index of the soft layer polymer (b) at room temperature is set to the innermost hard layer polymer (a), the outermost hard layer polymer (c), and the hard heat. It is more advantageous to make it closer to the plastic acrylic resin, and the ratio between them is selected in consideration of these.

  As the polyfunctional grafting agent, those mentioned in the item of the innermost layer hard polymer (a) can be used. The polyfunctional grafting agent used here is used to chemically bond the soft layer polymer (b) and the outermost hard layer polymer (c), and the proportion used during the innermost hard layer polymerization is impact resistance. 0.5-5 mass% is preferable from a viewpoint of the property provision effect.

  As the polyfunctional crosslinking agent, generally known crosslinking agents such as divinyl compounds, diallyl compounds, diacrylic compounds, and dimethacrylic compounds can be used, and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (molecular weight 200 to 600) is preferably used.

  The polyfunctional cross-linking agent used here is used to generate a cross-linked structure at the time of polymerization of the soft layer (b) and develop an effect of imparting impact resistance. However, if the above-mentioned polyfunctional grafting agent is used during the polymerization of the soft layer, the polyfunctional crosslinking agent is not an essential component because the crosslinked structure of the soft layer (b) is generated to some extent. Is preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass from the viewpoint of imparting impact resistance.

  In the presence of the innermost hard layer polymer (a) and the soft layer polymer (b), the outermost hard layer polymer (c) constituting the multilayer structure acrylic granular composite is 80 to 99 masses of methyl methacrylate. % And a mixture of monomers consisting of 1 to 20% by mass of an alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferred.

  Here, as the acrylic alkylate, those described above are used, and methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate are preferably used. The ratio of the alkyl acrylate unit in the outermost hard layer (c) is preferably 1 to 20% by mass.

  Further, for the purpose of improving the compatibility with the acrylic resin (A) during the polymerization of the outermost hard layer (c), it is also possible to use an alkyl mercaptan or the like as a chain transfer agent in order to adjust the molecular weight.

  In particular, it is preferable to provide the outermost hard layer with a gradient such that the molecular weight gradually decreases from the inside toward the outside in order to improve the balance between elongation and impact resistance. Specifically, the outermost hard layer is divided into two or more monomer mixtures for forming the outermost hard layer, and the amount of chain transfer agent to be added each time is increased sequentially. It is possible to decrease the molecular weight of the polymer forming the layer from the inside to the outside of the multilayer structure acrylic granular composite.

  The molecular weight formed at this time can also be examined by polymerizing a mixture of monomers used each time under the same conditions and measuring the molecular weight of the resulting polymer.

  The particle diameter of the acrylic particles (C) preferably used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 1000 nm, more preferably 20 to 500 nm, particularly 50 to Most preferably, it is 400 nm.

  In the acrylic granular composite that is a multilayer structure polymer preferably used in the present invention, the mass ratio of the core and the shell is not particularly limited, but when the entire multilayer structure polymer is 100 parts by mass, The core layer is preferably 50 to 90 parts by mass, and more preferably 60 to 80 parts by mass. In addition, the core layer here is an innermost hard layer.

  Examples of such commercially available multilayered acrylic granular composites include, for example, “Metablene” manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., “Kane Ace” manufactured by Kaneka Chemical Co., Ltd., “Paralloid” manufactured by Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd., Rohm and Haas “Acryloid” manufactured by KK, “Staffyroid” manufactured by Ganz Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., “Parapet SA” manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., and the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Further, specific examples of the acrylic particles (C) that are graft copolymers suitably used as the acrylic particles (C) preferably used in the present invention include unsaturated carboxylic acid esters in the presence of a rubbery polymer. Copolymerization of a mixture of monomers, unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, aromatic vinyl monomers, and other vinyl monomers copolymerizable with these if necessary Examples thereof include a graft copolymer.

  The rubbery polymer used for the acrylic particles (C) that are the graft copolymer is not particularly limited, but diene rubber, acrylic rubber, ethylene rubber, and the like can be used. Specific examples include polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, block copolymer of styrene-butadiene, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, butyl acrylate-butadiene copolymer, polyisoprene, butadiene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, Butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer, butadiene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer, ethylene-isoprene copolymer, and ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer A polymer etc. are mentioned. These rubbery polymers can be used alone or in a mixture of two or more.

  Moreover, when adding an acrylic particle (C) to the optical film of this invention, the refractive index of the mixture of an acrylic resin (A) and a cellulose-ester resin (B) and the refractive index of an acrylic particle (C) must be near. From the viewpoint of obtaining a film with high transparency. Specifically, the refractive index difference between the acrylic particles (C) and the acrylic resin (A) is preferably 0.05 or less, more preferably 0.02 or less, and particularly preferably 0.01 or less.

  In order to satisfy such a refractive index condition, a method of adjusting the monomer unit composition ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and / or a rubbery polymer or monomer used for the acrylic particles (C) The refractive index difference can be reduced by a method of adjusting the composition ratio, and an optical film excellent in transparency can be obtained.

  The refractive index difference referred to here is a solution in which the optical film of the present invention is sufficiently dissolved in a solvent in which the acrylic resin (A) is soluble to obtain a cloudy solution, which is subjected to an operation such as centrifugation. After separating the solvent-soluble part and the insoluble part and purifying the soluble part (acrylic resin (A)) and insoluble part (acrylic particles (C)), the measured refractive index (23 ° C., measuring wavelength: 550 nm). ) Difference.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the method of mix | blending an acrylic particle (C) with an acrylic resin (A) in this invention, After blending an acrylic resin (A) and another arbitrary component previously, Usually at 200-350 degreeC, A method of uniformly kneading with a single screw or twin screw extruder while adding acrylic particles (C) is preferably used.

  In addition, a solution in which acrylic particles (C) are dispersed in advance is added to and mixed with a solution (dope solution) in which acrylic resin (A) and cellulose ester resin (B) are dissolved, and acrylic particles (C) and A method such as in-line addition of a solution obtained by dissolving or mixing other optional additives can be used.

  A commercially available thing can also be used as an acrylic particle concerning this invention. For example, metabrene W-341 (C2) (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), Chemisnow MR-2G (C3), MS-300X (C4) (manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like can be mentioned.

  In the optical film of the present invention, it is preferable to contain 0.5 to 30% by mass of acrylic particles (C) with respect to the total mass of the resin constituting the film, and in the range of 1.0 to 15% by mass. It is more preferable to contain.

<Other additives>
In the optical film of the present invention, a plasticizer can be used in combination in order to improve the fluidity and flexibility of the composition. Examples of the plasticizer include phthalate ester, fatty acid ester, trimellitic ester, phosphate ester, polyester, and epoxy.

  Of these, polyester and phthalate plasticizers are preferably used. Polyester plasticizers are superior in non-migration and extraction resistance compared to phthalate ester plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate, but are slightly inferior in plasticizing effect and compatibility.

  Therefore, it can be applied to a wide range of uses by selecting or using these plasticizers according to the use.

  The polyester plasticizer is a reaction product of a monovalent or tetravalent carboxylic acid and a monovalent or hexavalent alcohol, and is mainly obtained by reacting a divalent carboxylic acid with a glycol. . Representative divalent carboxylic acids include glutaric acid, itaconic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid and the like.

  In particular, when adipic acid, phthalic acid or the like is used, those having excellent plasticizing properties can be obtained. Examples of the glycol include glycols such as ethylene, propylene, 1,3-butylene, 1,4-butylene, 1,6-hexamethylene, neopentylene, diethylene, triethylene, and dipropylene. These divalent carboxylic acids and glycols may be used alone or in combination.

  The ester plasticizer may be any of ester, oligoester, and polyester types, and the molecular weight is preferably in the range of 100 to 10,000, and preferably in the range of 600 to 3000, which has a large plasticizing effect.

  The viscosity of the plasticizer has a correlation with the molecular structure and molecular weight. In the case of an adipic acid plasticizer, the viscosity is preferably in the range of 200 to 5000 MPa · s (25 ° C.) in view of compatibility and plasticization efficiency. Furthermore, some polyester plasticizers may be used in combination.

  The plasticizer is preferably added in an amount of 0.5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the optical film of the present invention. If the added amount of the plasticizer exceeds 30 parts by mass, the surface becomes sticky, which is not preferable for practical use.

  The optical film of the present invention preferably contains an ultraviolet absorber, and examples of the ultraviolet absorber used include benzotriazole-based, 2-hydroxybenzophenone-based or salicylic acid phenyl ester-based ones. For example, 2- (5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- [2-hydroxy-3,5-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- (3 Triazoles such as 5-di-t-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone And benzophenones.

  Here, among ultraviolet absorbers, ultraviolet absorbers having a molecular weight of 400 or more are less likely to volatilize at a high boiling point and are difficult to disperse even during high-temperature molding, so that the weather resistance is effectively improved with a relatively small amount of addition. be able to.

  Examples of the ultraviolet absorber having a molecular weight of 400 or more include 2- [2-hydroxy-3,5-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) phenyl] -2-benzotriazole, 2,2-methylenebis [4- (1, 1,3,3-tetrabutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol], bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis ( Hindered amines such as 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate and 2- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2-n-butylmalonic acid Bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl), 1- [2- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxy] ethyl L] -4- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxy] -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine and the like, hindered phenol and hindered amine A hybrid system having both structures can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, 2- [2-hydroxy-3,5-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) phenyl] -2-benzotriazole and 2,2-methylenebis [4- (1,1,3,3- Tetrabutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol] is particularly preferred.

  Furthermore, various antioxidants can also be added to the optical film of the present invention in order to improve the thermal decomposability and thermal coloring during molding. It is also possible to add an antistatic agent to give the optical film antistatic performance.

  For the optical film of the present invention, a flame retardant acrylic resin composition containing a phosphorus flame retardant may be used.

  Phosphorus flame retardants used here include red phosphorus, triaryl phosphate ester, diaryl phosphate ester, monoaryl phosphate ester, aryl phosphonate compound, aryl phosphine oxide compound, condensed aryl phosphate ester, halogenated alkyl phosphorus. Examples thereof include one or a mixture of two or more selected from acid esters, halogen-containing condensed phosphates, halogen-containing condensed phosphonates, halogen-containing phosphites, and the like.

  Specific examples include triphenyl phosphate, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, phenylphosphonic acid, tris (β-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (dichloropropyl). Examples thereof include phosphate and tris (tribromoneopentyl) phosphate.

  According to the optical film of the present invention, improvement in low hygroscopicity, transparency, high heat resistance, and brittleness that could not be achieved with conventional resin films can be achieved at the same time.

  In the present invention, the brittleness index is determined based on the criterion of whether or not it is “an optical film in which ductile fracture does not occur”. By obtaining an optical film with improved brittleness that does not cause ductile fracture, even when manufacturing a polarizing plate for a large-sized liquid crystal display device, breakage and cracking during production do not occur, and the handling property is excellent. It can be an optical film. Here, the ductile fracture is a fracture caused by applying a stress larger than the strength of a certain material, and is defined as a fracture accompanied by significant elongation or drawing of the material until the final fracture. The fracture surface is characterized by numerous indentations called dimples.

  In the present invention, whether or not it is “an optical film that does not cause ductile fracture” is evaluated based on the fact that no breakage or the like is observed even when a large stress is applied such that the film is folded in two. . Even if it is used as a polarizing plate protective film for a large-sized liquid crystal display device, if it is an optical film that does not cause ductile fracture even when such a large stress is applied, problems such as breakage during production Furthermore, even when the optical film is used after being peeled off after being pasted once, no breakage occurs and the optical film can be sufficiently reduced in thickness.

  In the present invention, the tension softening point is used as an index of heat resistance. In addition to the increasing size of liquid crystal display devices and the increasing brightness of backlight light sources, the use of digital signage and other outdoor applications demands higher brightness. However, if the tension softening point is 105 ° C. to 145 ° C., it can be determined that sufficient heat resistance is exhibited. In particular, it is more preferable to control to 110 ° C to 130 ° C.

  As a specific measuring method of the temperature indicating the tension softening point of the optical film, for example, the optical film is cut out at 120 mm (length) × 10 mm (width) using a Tensilon tester (ORIENTEC, RTC-1225A). The temperature can be raised at a rate of 30 ° C./min while pulling with a tension of 10 N, and the temperature at the time when the pressure reaches 9 N is measured three times, and the average value can be obtained.

  From the viewpoint of heat resistance, the optical film preferably has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 110 ° C. or higher. More preferably, it is 120 ° C. or higher. Especially preferably, it is 150 degreeC or more.

  The glass transition temperature referred to here is an intermediate value determined according to JIS K7121 (1987) using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-7 model manufactured by Perkin Elmer) at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min. Point glass transition temperature (Tmg).

  As an index for judging the transparency of the optical film in the present invention, haze value (turbidity) is used. In particular, liquid crystal display devices used outdoors are required to have sufficient brightness and high contrast even in a bright place. Therefore, the haze value is required to be 1.0% or less, and 0.5% or less. More preferably.

  According to the optical film of the present invention containing the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B), high transparency can be obtained, but when using acrylic particles for the purpose of improving another physical property. By increasing the difference in refractive index between the resin (acrylic resin (A) and cellulose ester resin (B)) and the acrylic particles (C), an increase in haze value can be prevented.

  In addition, since the surface roughness also affects the haze value as surface haze, the particle diameter and addition amount of acrylic particles (C) should be kept within the above range, and the surface roughness of the film contact portion during film formation should be reduced. Is also effective.

  In addition, the hygroscopicity of the optical film in the present invention is evaluated by dimensional change with respect to humidity change.

  The following method is used as an evaluation method of dimensional change with respect to humidity change.

  In the casting direction of the produced optical film, two marks (crosses) were attached and treated at 60 ° C. and 90% RH for 1000 hours, and the distance between the mark (cross) before and after treatment was measured with an optical microscope. Obtain the dimensional change rate (%). The dimensional change rate (%) is expressed by the following formula.

Dimensional change rate (%) = [(a1-a2) / a1] × 100
a1: Distance before heat treatment a2: Distance after heat treatment When an optical film is used as a protective film for a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display device, unevenness or a change in retardation value occurs due to a dimensional change due to moisture absorption. This causes problems such as a decrease in contrast and uneven color. In particular, the above problem becomes significant when the polarizing plate protective film is used in a liquid crystal display device used outdoors. However, if the dimensional change rate (%) under the above conditions is less than 0.5%, it can be evaluated that the optical film exhibits sufficiently low hygroscopicity. Furthermore, it is preferable that it is less than 0.3%.

  In the optical film of the present invention, it is preferable that the number of defects in a film plane of 5 μm or more is 1/10 cm square or less. More preferably, it is 0.5 piece / 10 cm square or less, more preferably 0.1 piece / 10 cm square or less.

  Here, the diameter of the defect indicates the diameter when the defect is circular, and when the defect is not circular, the range of the defect is determined by observing with a microscope by the following method, and the maximum diameter (diameter of circumscribed circle) is determined.

  The range of the defect is the size of the shadow when the defect is observed with the transmitted light of the differential interference microscope when the defect is a bubble or a foreign object. When the defect is a change in the surface shape, such as transfer of a roll flaw or an abrasion, the size is confirmed by observing the defect with the reflected light of a differential interference microscope.

  In addition, when observing with reflected light, if the size of the defect is unclear, aluminum or platinum is deposited on the surface for observation.

  In order to obtain a film having excellent quality expressed by such a defect frequency with high productivity, it is necessary to filter the polymer solution with high precision immediately before casting, to increase the cleanliness around the casting machine, It is effective to set drying conditions after rolling stepwise and to dry efficiently while suppressing foaming.

  When the number of defects is greater than 1/10 cm square, for example, when the film is tensioned during processing in a later process, the film may break with the defects as a starting point, and productivity may decrease.

  Moreover, when the diameter of a defect becomes 5 micrometers or more, it can confirm visually by polarizing plate observation etc., and when used as an optical member, a bright spot may arise.

  Moreover, even when it cannot visually confirm, when a hard-coat layer etc. are formed on the said film, a coating agent cannot be formed uniformly and may become a fault (coating omission). Here, the defect is a void in the film (foaming defect) generated due to the rapid evaporation of the solvent in the drying process of the solution casting, a foreign matter in the film forming stock solution, or a foreign matter mixed in the film forming. This refers to the foreign matter (foreign matter defect) in the film.

  In the measurement according to JIS-K7127-1999, the optical film of the present invention preferably has a breaking elongation in at least one direction of 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more.

  The upper limit of the elongation at break is not particularly limited, but is practically about 250%. In order to increase the elongation at break, it is effective to suppress defects in the film caused by foreign matter and foaming.

  The thickness of the optical film of the present invention is preferably 20 μm or more. More preferably, it is 30 μm or more.

  The upper limit of the thickness is not particularly limited, but in the case of forming a film by a solution casting method, the upper limit is about 250 μm from the viewpoint of applicability, foaming, solvent drying, and the like. In addition, the thickness of a film can be suitably selected according to a use.

  The optical film of the present invention preferably has a total light transmittance of 90% or more, more preferably 93% or more. Moreover, as a realistic upper limit, it is about 99%. In order to achieve excellent transparency expressed by such total light transmittance, it is necessary not to introduce additives and copolymerization components that absorb visible light, or to remove foreign substances in the polymer by high-precision filtration. It is effective to reduce the diffusion and absorption of light inside the film.

  Also, reduce the surface roughness of the film surface by reducing the surface roughness of the film contact part (cooling roll, calender roll, drum, belt, coating substrate in solution casting, transport roll, etc.) during film formation. It is also effective to reduce the diffusion and reflection of light on the film surface by reducing the refractive index of the acrylic resin.

  The optical film of the present invention can be particularly preferably used as a polarizing plate protective film for a large-sized liquid crystal display device or a liquid crystal display device for outdoor use as long as the above physical properties are satisfied.

  Such physical properties include the optical film containing the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) in a mass ratio of 95: 5 to 30:70, and the weight average molecular weight Mw of the acrylic resin (A) is 80000. The total substitution degree (T) of the acyl group of the cellulose ester resin (B) is 2.00 to 3.00, and the substitution degree of the acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1.2 to 3.0. And having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 75,000 or more.

<Optical film formation>
An example of a method for producing an optical film will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  As a method for forming the optical film of the present invention, production methods such as an inflation method, a T-die method, a calendar method, a cutting method, a casting method, an emulsion method, and a hot press method can be used. From the standpoint of suppressing optical defects such as die lines and optical defects such as die lines, solution casting by casting is preferred.

(Organic solvent)
The organic solvent useful for forming the dope when the optical film of the present invention is produced by the solution casting method is one that simultaneously dissolves the acrylic resin (A), the cellulose ester resin (B), and other additives. It can be used without any limitation.

  For example, as the chlorinated organic solvent, methylene chloride, as the non-chlorinated organic solvent, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, cyclohexanone, ethyl formate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 2,2,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propanol, 1,3-difluoro-2-propanol, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro- Examples include 2-methyl-2-propanol, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-propanol, and nitroethane. Methylene chloride, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and acetone can be preferably used.

  In addition to the organic solvent, the dope preferably contains 1 to 40% by mass of a linear or branched aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. When the ratio of alcohol in the dope increases, the web gels and peeling from the metal support becomes easy. When the ratio of alcohol is small, acrylic resin (A) and cellulose ester in non-chlorine organic solvent system. There is also a role of promoting dissolution of the resin (B).

  In particular, in a solvent containing methylene chloride and a linear or branched aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acrylic resin (A), cellulose ester resin (B), and acrylic particles (C) 3 A dope composition in which at least 15 to 45 mass% of the seed is dissolved is preferable.

  Examples of the linear or branched aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, and tert-butanol. Ethanol is preferred because of the stability of these dopes, the relatively low boiling point, and good drying properties.

  Hereinafter, the preferable film forming method of the optical film of the present invention will be described.

1) Dissolution step In an organic solution mainly composed of a good solvent for the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B), the acrylic resin (A), the cellulose ester resin (B), and, in some cases, acrylic particles ( C), the step of dissolving other additives while stirring to form a dope, or the acrylic resin (A) and cellulose ester resin (B) solutions, optionally with acrylic particle (C) solutions and other additive solutions Are mixed to form a dope which is a main solution.

  For dissolving the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B), a method performed at normal pressure, a method performed below the boiling point of the main solvent, a method performed under pressure above the boiling point of the main solvent, JP-A-9-95544 Various melting methods such as a method of performing a cooling dissolution method as described in JP-A-9-95557 or JP-A-9-95538, a method of performing at a high pressure as described in JP-A-11-21379, and the like. Although it can be used, a method in which pressure is applied at a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point of the main solvent is particularly preferable.

  The total amount of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) in the dope is preferably in the range of 15 to 45% by mass. An additive is added to the dope during or after dissolution to dissolve and disperse, then filtered through a filter medium, defoamed, and sent to the next step with a liquid feed pump.

  It is preferable to use a filter medium having a collected particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 μm and a drainage time of 10 to 25 sec / 100 ml.

  In this method, the aggregate remaining at the time of particle dispersion and the aggregate generated when the main dope is added are aggregated by using a filter medium having a collected particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 μm and a drainage time of 10 to 25 sec / 100 ml. Can only be removed. In the main dope, the concentration of particles is sufficiently thinner than that of the additive solution, so that aggregates do not stick together at the time of filtration and the filtration pressure does not increase suddenly.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a dope preparation step, a casting step, and a drying step of a solution casting film forming method preferable for the present invention.

  If necessary, large agglomerates are removed from the acrylic particle charging kettle 41 by the filter 44 and fed to the stock kettle 42. Thereafter, the acrylic particle additive solution is added from the stock kettle 42 to the main dope dissolving kettle 1.

  Thereafter, the main dope solution is filtered by the main filter 3, and an ultraviolet absorbent additive solution is added in-line from 16 to this.

  In many cases, the main dope may contain about 10 to 50% by mass of the recycled material. The return material may contain acrylic particles. In that case, it is preferable to control the addition amount of the acrylic particle addition liquid in accordance with the addition amount of the return material.

  The additive solution containing acrylic particles preferably contains 0.5 to 10% by mass of acrylic particles, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, and 1 to 5% by mass. Most preferably.

  If it is in the said range, since an addition liquid is low-viscosity, it is easy to handle and it is easy to add to the main dope, it is preferable.

  The return material is a product obtained by finely pulverizing the optical film, which is generated when the optical film is formed, and is obtained by cutting off both sides of the film, or by using an optical film original that has been speculated out due to scratches, etc. .

  In addition, an acrylic resin, a cellulose ester resin, and, in some cases, acrylic particles kneaded into pellets can be preferably used.

2) Casting process An endless metal belt 31 such as a stainless steel belt or a rotating metal drum that feeds the dope to a pressure die 30 through a liquid feed pump (for example, a pressurized metering gear pump) and transfers it indefinitely. This is a step of casting a dope from a pressure die slit to a casting position on a metal support.

  A pressure die that can adjust the slit shape of the die base and facilitates uniform film thickness is preferred. The pressure die includes a coat hanger die and a T die, and any of them is preferably used. The surface of the metal support is a mirror surface. In order to increase the film forming speed, two or more pressure dies may be provided on the metal support, and the dope amount may be divided and stacked. Or it is also preferable to obtain the film of a laminated structure by the co-casting method which casts several dope simultaneously.

3) Solvent evaporation step In this step, the web (the dope is cast on the casting support and the formed dope film is called a web) is heated on the casting support to evaporate the solvent.

  To evaporate the solvent, there are a method of blowing air from the web side and / or a method of transferring heat from the back side of the support by a liquid, a method of transferring heat from the front and back by radiant heat, and the like. High efficiency and preferable. A method of combining them is also preferably used. The web on the support after casting is preferably dried on the support in an atmosphere of 40 to 100 ° C. In order to maintain the atmosphere at 40 to 100 ° C., it is preferable to apply hot air at this temperature to the upper surface of the web or to heat by means such as infrared rays.

  From the viewpoint of surface quality, moisture permeability, and peelability, it is preferable to peel the web from the support within 30 to 120 seconds.

4) Peeling process It is the process of peeling the web which the solvent evaporated on the metal support body in a peeling position. The peeled web is sent to the next process.

  The temperature at the peeling position on the metal support is preferably 10 to 40 ° C, more preferably 11 to 30 ° C.

  The residual solvent amount at the time of peeling of the web on the metal support at the time of peeling is preferably peeled in a range of 50 to 120% by mass depending on the strength of drying conditions, the length of the metal support, and the like. If the web is peeled off at a time when the amount of residual solvent is larger, if the web is too soft, the flatness at the time of peeling will be lost, and slippage and vertical stripes are likely to occur due to the peeling tension. The amount of solvent is determined.

  The residual solvent amount of the web is defined by the following formula.

Residual solvent amount (%) = (mass before web heat treatment−mass after web heat treatment) / (mass after web heat treatment) × 100
In addition, the heat treatment for measuring the residual solvent amount represents performing heat treatment at 140 ° C. for 2 hours.

  The peeling tension at the time of peeling the metal support and the film is usually 196 to 245 N / m. However, when wrinkles easily occur at the time of peeling, it is preferable to peel with a tension of 190 N / m or less. It is preferable to peel at a minimum tension that can be peeled to 166.6 N / m, and then peel at a minimum tension to 137.2 N / m, and particularly preferably peel at a minimum tension to 100 N / m.

  In the present invention, the temperature at the peeling position on the metal support is preferably -50 to 40 ° C, more preferably 10 to 40 ° C, and most preferably 15 to 30 ° C.

5) Drying and stretching step After peeling, a drying device 35 that transports the web alternately through rolls arranged in the drying device and / or a tenter stretching device 34 that clips and transports both ends of the web with clips. And dry the web.

  Generally, the drying means blows hot air on both sides of the web, but there is also a means for heating by applying microwaves instead of the wind. Too rapid drying tends to impair the flatness of the finished film. Drying at a high temperature is preferably performed from about 8% by mass or less of the residual solvent. Throughout the drying is generally carried out at 40-250 ° C. It is particularly preferable to dry at 40 to 160 ° C.

  When a tenter stretching apparatus is used, it is preferable to use an apparatus that can independently control the film gripping length (distance from the start of gripping to the end of gripping) by the left and right gripping means of the tenter. In the tenter process, it is also preferable to intentionally create sections having different temperatures in order to improve planarity.

  It is also preferable to provide a neutral zone between different temperature zones so that the zones do not interfere with each other.

  The stretching operation may be performed in multiple stages. For example, stretching may be performed mainly in the first half of the tenter process and the width may be maintained to relieve the stress of the film in the second half, or after sufficient preheating in the first half of the tenter process, the stretching operation may be performed in the second half. Also good. It is also preferable to perform biaxial stretching in the casting direction and the width direction. When biaxial stretching is performed, simultaneous biaxial stretching may be performed or may be performed stepwise.

  In this case, stepwise means that, for example, stretching in different stretching directions can be sequentially performed, stretching in the same direction is divided into multiple stages, and stretching in different directions is added to any one of the stages. Is also possible. That is, for example, the following stretching steps are possible.

-Stretch in the casting direction-Stretch in the width direction-Stretch in the casting direction-Stretch in the casting direction-Stretch in the width direction-Stretch in the width direction-Stretch in the casting direction-Stretch in the casting direction Simultaneous biaxial stretching includes stretching in one direction and contracting the other while relaxing the tension. The preferable draw ratio of simultaneous biaxial stretching can be taken in the range of x1.01 to x1.5 times in both the width direction and the longitudinal direction.

  When the tenter is used, the residual solvent amount of the web is preferably 20 to 100% by mass at the start of the tenter, and it is preferable to perform drying while applying the tenter until the residual solvent amount of the web becomes 10% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 5% by mass or less.

  The drying temperature when performing the tenter is preferably 30 to 160 ° C, more preferably 50 to 150 ° C, and most preferably 70 to 140 ° C.

  In the tenter process, it is preferable that the temperature distribution in the width direction of the atmosphere is small from the viewpoint of improving the uniformity of the film. The temperature distribution in the width direction in the tenter process is preferably within ± 5 ° C, and within ± 2 ° C Is more preferable, and within ± 1 ° C. is most preferable.

  It is preferable to further reduce the amount of residual solvent in the drying step after the tenter. The amount of residual solvent is preferably 5% or less, and more preferably 2% or less.

  80 to 160 degreeC is preferable and the drying temperature of the drying process after a tenter process has more preferable 90 to 140 degreeC. The drying temperature is preferably set lower in the first half of the drying step and higher in the second half.

  This drying temperature can be adjusted by the residual solvent and conveyance tension of the web. That is, when the residual solvent is large, the apparent Tg of the web is lowered. Therefore, it is preferable to suppress the elongation of the web by lowering the drying temperature.

  Alternatively, the residual solvent can be further reduced while the elongation of the web is suppressed by lowering the conveying tension using a tension cut roll and setting the drying temperature higher.

  When the web stretches greatly, a phase difference other than the design value developed in the tenter process appears in the finished optical film, which is not preferable.

  The methyl methacrylate monomer can be efficiently removed by the combination of the temperature, time, and draw ratio of the tenter process and the temperature and time of the drying process after the tenter process, and the film characteristics, particularly brittleness, can be improved.

  In the drying process after the tenter process, it is preferable to raise the temperature to some extent, but there are cases where the temperature cannot be increased because of the conveyance tension. In this case, since the film is conveyed while being gripped, the effect of removing the methyl methacrylate monomer and improving the brittleness can be obtained by setting the tenter process, which hardly takes tension in the conveying direction, to a high temperature.

  In the tenter process, if the film is stretched in the first half, the thickness of the web becomes thin at an early stage, so that the effects of removing methyl methacrylate monomer and improving brittleness may be easily obtained. However, since there is an influence of the residence time in the tenter process, it is necessary to appropriately select a combination of the temperature and the draw ratio.

  Moreover, it is preferable to perform a drying process at a temperature 20 degreeC or more higher than Tg of a web in either the tenter process and the drying process after a tenter process. By performing this processing step, brittleness can be greatly improved. Even if the methyl methacrylate monomer is removed by extending the time at a temperature lower than Tg + 20 ° C. of the web, the effect of improving brittleness is small.

  On the other hand, if the temperature is too high in the tenter process and the drying process after the tenter process, methyl methacrylate monomer is generated due to decomposition of the resin, which is not preferable.

6) Winding step This is a step of winding the optical film by the winder 37 after the residual solvent amount in the web is 2% by mass or less, and the dimensional stability is achieved by setting the residual solvent amount to 0.4% by mass or less. A film with good properties can be obtained. It is particularly preferable to wind up at 0.00 to 0.10% by mass.

  As a winding method, a generally used method may be used. There are a constant torque method, a constant tension method, a taper tension method, a program tension control method with a constant internal stress, and the like.

  The optical film of the present invention is preferably a long film. Specifically, the optical film has a thickness of about 100 to 10,000 m and is usually provided in a roll shape. Moreover, it is preferable that the width | variety of a film is 1.3-4m, and it is more preferable that it is 1.4-2m.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the film thickness of the optical film of this invention, When using for the polarizing plate protective film mentioned later, it is preferable that it is 20-200 micrometers, it is more preferable that it is 25-100 micrometers, and it is 30-80 micrometers. It is particularly preferred.

〔Polarizer〕
When using the optical film of this invention as a protective film for polarizing plates, a polarizing plate can be produced by a general method. It is preferable that an adhesive layer is provided on the back side of the optical film of the present invention, and is bonded to at least one surface of a polarizer produced by immersion and stretching in an iodine solution.

  On the other surface, the optical film of the present invention may be used, or another polarizing plate protective film may be used. For example, commercially available cellulose ester films (for example, Konica Minoltack KC8UX, KC4UX, KC5UX, KC8UY, KC4UY, KC6UA, KC4UA, KC12UR, KC8UCR-3, KC8UCR-4, KC8UCR-5, KC8UE, K4, R4 -4, KC4HR-1, KC8UY-HA, KC8UX-RHA, manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd.) and the like are preferably used.

  A polarizer, which is a main component of a polarizing plate, is an element that transmits only light having a plane of polarization in a certain direction. A typical polarizing film known at present is a polyvinyl alcohol polarizing film, which is a polyvinyl alcohol. There are one in which iodine is dyed on a system film and one in which dichroic dye is dyed.

  For the polarizer, a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is formed into a film and dyed by uniaxial stretching or dyed or uniaxially stretched and then preferably subjected to a durability treatment with a boron compound.

As the pressure-sensitive adhesive used in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a storage elastic modulus at 25 ° C. in the range of 1.0 × 10 ⁴ Pa to 1.0 × 10 ⁹ Pa in at least a part of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is used. Preferably, a curable pressure-sensitive adhesive that forms a high molecular weight body or a crosslinked structure by various chemical reactions after the pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied and bonded is suitably used.

  Specific examples include, for example, urethane adhesives, epoxy adhesives, aqueous polymer-isocyanate adhesives, curable adhesives such as thermosetting acrylic adhesives, moisture-curing urethane adhesives, polyether methacrylate types, Examples include anaerobic pressure-sensitive adhesives such as ester-based methacrylate type and oxidized polyether methacrylate, cyanoacrylate-based instantaneous pressure-sensitive adhesives, and acrylate-peroxide-based two-component instantaneous pressure-sensitive adhesives.

  The pressure-sensitive adhesive may be a one-component type or a type that is used by mixing two or more components before use.

  The pressure-sensitive adhesive may be a solvent system using an organic solvent as a medium, or an aqueous system such as an emulsion type, a colloidal dispersion type, or an aqueous solution type that is a medium containing water as a main component. It may be a solvent type. The density | concentration of the said adhesive liquid should just be suitably determined with the film thickness after adhesion, the coating method, the coating conditions, etc., and is 0.1-50 mass% normally.

[Liquid Crystal Display]
By incorporating the polarizing plate bonded with the optical film of the present invention into a liquid crystal display device, it is possible to produce various liquid crystal display devices with excellent visibility, but particularly outdoors such as large liquid crystal display devices and digital signage. It is preferably used for a liquid crystal display device for use. The polarizing plate according to the present invention is bonded to a liquid crystal cell via the adhesive layer or the like.

  The polarizing plate according to the present invention is a reflective type, transmissive type, transflective LCD or TN type, STN type, OCB type, HAN type, VA type (PVA type, MVA type), IPS type (including FFS type), etc. It is preferably used in LCDs of various driving methods. In particular, in a large-screen display device having a screen size of 30 or more, especially 30 to 54, there is no white spot at the periphery of the screen, and the effect is maintained for a long time.

  In addition, there was little color unevenness, glare and wavy unevenness, and the eyes were not tired even during long-time viewing.

  EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
[Preparation of acrylic resin]
The following acrylic resins A1-A10 and MS1 and MS2 were prepared by a known method.

A1: Monomer mass ratio (MMA: MA = 98: 2), Mw 70000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.55%
A2: monomer mass ratio (MMA: MA = 97: 3), Mw 160000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.53%
A3: monomer mass ratio (MMA: MA = 97: 3), Mw350,000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.52%
A4: monomer mass ratio (MMA: MA = 97: 3), Mw550,000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.61%
A5: monomer mass ratio (MMA: MA = 97: 3), Mw 800000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.75%
A6: monomer mass ratio (MMA: MA = 97: 3), Mw 930,000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.80%
A7: monomer mass ratio (MMA: MA = 94: 6), Mw1100000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.99%
A8: The resin of A3 was washed with ethanol and dried to remove the methyl methacrylate monomer.

Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.21%
A9: The resin of A3 was dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone, reprecipitated with ethanol, washed and dried to remove the methyl methacrylate monomer.

Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.15%
A10: A methyl methacrylate monomer was added to the resin of A3 to make the content 1.00%.

MS1: monomer mass ratio (MMA: ST = 60: 40), Mw100,000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.39%
MS2: monomer mass ratio (MMA: ST = 40: 60), Mw100,000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.42%
MMA: Methyl methacrylate MA: Methyl acrylate ST: Styrene In addition, the following commercially available acrylic resins were used.

Dianar BR80 (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) Mw95000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.55%
Dianar BR83 (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) Mw40000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.53%
Dianar BR85 (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) Mw280000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.51%
Dianar BR88 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) Mw 480000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.68%
80N (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation) Mw100,000
Methyl methacrylate monomer content 0.65%
The ratio of the MMA unit in the molecule in the commercially available acrylic resin was 90 to 99% by mass.

[Production of optical film]
<Preparation of optical film 1>
(Dope solution composition 1)
Dianal BR85 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) 70 parts by mass Cellulose ester (cellulose acetate propionate acyl group total substitution degree 2.75, acetyl group substitution degree 0.19, propionyl group substitution degree 2.56, Mw = 200000 )
30 parts by mass Methylene chloride 300 parts by mass Ethanol 40 parts by mass The above composition was sufficiently dissolved while heating to prepare a dope solution.

(Made of acrylic resin film)
The produced dope solution was uniformly cast on a stainless steel band support at a temperature of 22 ° C. and a width of 2 m using a belt casting apparatus. With the stainless steel band support, the solvent was evaporated until the amount of residual solvent reached 100%, and peeling was performed from the stainless steel band support with a peeling tension of 162 N / m.

  The peeled acrylic resin web was evaporated at 35 ° C. and slit to a width of 1.6 m. Thereafter, the film was stretched 1.3 times in the width direction at a stretching temperature of 140 ° C. in the first half of the tenter process, and the stress of the film was relaxed while maintaining the width in the second half of the tenter process. The residence time in the tenter process was 20 seconds.

  At this time, the residual solvent amount when starting stretching with a tenter was 10%.

  In the drying process after the tenter process, drying was performed while the drying zone was conveyed by a number of rolls.

First, in the first half of the drying process, the web is dried at a tension of 160 N / cm ² , a temperature of 100 ° C. and a residence time of 5 minutes, and in the latter half, a tension of 160 N / cm ² , a temperature of 110 ° C. and a residence time of 5 minutes. did.

Then slit to 1.5m wide, knurling width 10mm height 5μm to both ends of the film, the initial tension 220 N / cm ² according to the unit cross-sectional area of the film, the inner diameter 15.24cm core a final tension 110N / cm ² The optical film 1 which is an acrylic resin film was obtained.

  The draw ratio in the MD direction calculated from the rotational speed of the stainless steel band support and the operating speed of the tenter was 1.1 times.

  The residual solvent amount of the optical film 1 described in Table 1 was 0.1%, the film thickness was 40 μm, and the winding length was 4000 m.

<Production of optical films 2 to 50 and 101 to 123>
Tables 4 and 5 show the types and composition ratios of the acrylic resin (A) and cellulose ester resin (B) described in Tables 1 and 2, the tenter process conditions described in Table 3, and the subsequent drying process conditions as shown in Tables 4 and 5. The optical films 2 to 50 and 101 to 123 were produced in the same manner as the production of the optical film 1 except that they were combined.

  The acyl groups of the cellulose ester resins shown in Tables 1 and 2 are as follows: ac is an acetyl group, pr is a propionyl group, bu is a butyryl group, pen is a pentanoyl group, bz is a benzoyl group, hep is a heptanoyl group, and oct is Octanoyl group, ph represents a phthalyl group.

"Evaluation method"
The following evaluation was implemented about the obtained optical films 1-50 and 101-123.

(Haze: Transparency evaluation that greatly affects contrast)
About each produced said film sample, one film sample was measured using the haze meter (NDH2000 type | mold, Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. product) according to JISK-7136.

(Tension softening point: heat resistance evaluation)
The following evaluation was performed using a Tensilon tester (ORITC Corporation, RTC-1225A).

  The optical film was cut out at 120 mm (length) × 10 mm (width) and continuously heated at a heating rate of 30 ° C./min while pulling with a tension of 10 N, and the temperature at 9 N was measured three times. Averaged.

(Ductile fracture: brittleness evaluation)
The optical film is cut out at 100 mm (length) × 10 mm (width), folded in a mountain fold and a valley fold at the center in the longitudinal direction once each, and this evaluation is measured three times and evaluated according to the following criteria. did. In addition, breaking of evaluation here represents having broken into two or more pieces.

○: Cannot be folded 3 times ×: Can be folded at least 1 out of 3 times (phase difference: measurement of retardation)
A 35 mm × 35 mm sample was cut from each optical film, conditioned at 25 ° C. and 55% RH for 2 hours, and measured with an automatic birefringence meter (KOBRA21DH, Oji Scientific Co., Ltd.) from the vertical direction at 590 nm and the film surface. The following Ro and Rt were calculated from the extrapolated values of retardation values measured in the same manner while tilting.

Ro (590) = (nx−ny) × d (nm)
Rt (590) = {(nx + ny) / 2−nz} × d (nm)
[In the above formula, Ro (590) represents the in-plane retardation value in the film at a wavelength of 590 nm, and Rt (590) represents the retardation value in the thickness direction in the film at 590 nm. D represents the thickness (nm) of the optical film, nx represents the maximum refractive index in the plane of the film at 590 nm, and is also referred to as the refractive index in the slow axis direction. ny represents the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the film plane at 590 nm, and nz represents the refractive index of the film in the thickness direction at 590 nm. ]
(Cutability: Manufacturing suitability evaluation)
Each optical film was torn using a light load tear tester (Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.) and evaluated as follows.

  ○: The tear surface is very smooth and is torn straight.

  Δ: There are some burrs on the tear surface, but it is torn straight.

  X: There are considerable burrs on the tear surface, and it is not torn straight.

(Film appearance: Manufacturing suitability evaluation)
About the produced optical film, the film external appearance was evaluated visually and evaluated according to the following references | standards.

  ○: Very smooth flatness.

  Δ: Slightly slippery, wrinkled or stepped can be confirmed.

  X: Clear, wrinkled, and step can be clearly confirmed.

(Characteristic evaluation as a liquid crystal display device)
<Preparation of polarizing plate>
A polarizing plate using each optical film as a polarizing plate protective film was prepared as follows.

  A 120 μm-thick long roll polyvinyl alcohol film was immersed in 100 parts by mass of an aqueous solution containing 1 part by mass of iodine and 4 parts by mass of boric acid, and stretched in the transport direction 5 times at 50 ° C. to prepare a polarizing film.

  Next, the optical film 1 produced in Example 1 was subjected to corona treatment using an acrylic adhesive on one side of the polarizing film, and then bonded.

  Furthermore, KC8UCR-5 manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd., which is a retardation film subjected to alkali saponification treatment, was bonded to the other surface of the polarizing film and dried to prepare a polarizing plate P1. Similarly, polarizing plates P2 to P50 and P101 to P123 were prepared using the optical films 2 to 50 and 101 to 123.

  The polarizing plate using the optical film of the present invention was excellent in film cutting property and easy to process.

<Production of liquid crystal display device>
Each of the produced polarizing plates was used to evaluate the display characteristics of the optical film.

  Remove the polarizing plates on both sides of the 32-inch TV AQ-32AD5 previously manufactured by Sharp Corporation so that the KC8UCR-5 is on the glass surface side of the liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal display devices were each fabricated by pasting so that the absorption axis was directed in the same direction as the polarizing plate that had been pasted in advance.

(Variation of viewing angle: Evaluation of heat and moisture resistance as a polarizing plate protective film)
The following evaluation was performed using the liquid crystal display devices 1-50 and 101-123 produced as described above.

  The viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device was measured using EZ-Contrast 160D manufactured by ELDIM in an environment of 23 ° C. and 55% RH. Subsequently, a sample obtained by treating the polarizing plate at 60 ° C. and 90% RH for 1000 hours was measured in the same manner, and evaluated according to the following criteria.

○: No change in viewing angle △: A little change in viewing angle is observed ×: Large viewing angle change (Color shift: Evaluation of heat and moisture resistance as a polarizing plate protective film)
Regarding the manufactured liquid crystal display devices 1 to 50 and 101 to 123, the display was displayed in black in an environment of 23 ° C. and 55% RH and observed from an oblique angle of 45 °. Subsequently, the polarizing plate treated at 60 ° C. and 90% RH for 1000 hours was observed in the same manner, and the color change was evaluated according to the following criteria.

◯: No color change Δ: Slight color change X: Color change is large Tables 4 and 5 show the results of the above evaluation.

  As shown in Tables 4 and 5, the optical film of the present invention exhibited characteristics such as low hygroscopicity, transparency, high heat resistance, and excellent brittleness improvement. Moreover, the polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device produced using the optical film of the present invention exhibited excellent properties in visibility and color shift.

Example 2
[Preparation of acrylic particles]
<Preparation of acrylic particles (C1)>
A reactor with a reflux condenser with an internal volume of 60 liters was charged with 38.2 liters of ion-exchanged water and 111.6 g of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, and the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere while stirring at a rotational speed of 250 rpm. The effect of oxygen was virtually eliminated. 0.36 g of APS was added, and after stirring for 5 minutes, a monomer mixture consisting of MMA 1657 g, BA 21.6 g, and ALMA 1.68 g was added all at once, and after the detection of the exothermic peak, it was held for another 20 minutes to polymerize the innermost hard layer Was completed.

  Next, 3.48 g of APS was added, and after stirring for 5 minutes, a monomer mixture consisting of BA1055 g, PEGDA (200) 31.9 g, and ALMA264.0 g was continuously added over 120 minutes. Hold for 120 minutes to complete the polymerization of the soft layer.

  Next, 1.32 g of APS was added, and after stirring for 5 minutes, a mixture of monomers consisting of 2106 g of MMA and 201.6 g of BA was continuously added over 20 minutes. The polymerization of 1 was completed.

  Next, 1.32 g of APS was added, and after 5 minutes, a mixture of monomers consisting of 3148 g of MMA, 201.6 g of BA, and 10.1 g of n-OM was continuously added over 20 minutes, and held for another 20 minutes after the addition was completed. . Next, the temperature was raised to 95 ° C. and held for 60 minutes to complete the polymerization of the outermost hard layer 2.

  The polymer latex thus obtained was poured into a 3% by weight aqueous sodium sulfate solution, salted out and coagulated, then dried after repeated dehydration and washing, and three-layer acrylic particles ( C1) was obtained. When the average particle size was determined by the absorbance method, it was 100 nm.

  The above abbreviations are the following materials.

MMA; methyl methacrylate MA; methyl acrylate BA; n-butyl acrylate ALMA; allyl methacrylate PEGDA; polyethylene glycol diacrylate (molecular weight 200)
n-OM; n-octyl mercaptan APS; ammonium persulfate [Preparation of optical film]
<Preparation of optical films 38-1 to 38-6>
(Dope solution composition)
Dianal BR80 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) 66.5 parts by mass Cellulose ester (cellulose acetate propionate acyl group total substitution degree 2.75, acetyl group substitution degree 0.19, propionyl group substitution degree 2.56, Mw = 100,000)
28.5 parts by mass The prepared acrylic particles (C1) 20 parts by mass Methylene chloride 300 parts by mass Ethanol 40 parts by mass The above composition was sufficiently dissolved while heating to prepare a dope solution.

  Next, an optical film 38-1 was produced in the same manner as in the method for producing the optical film 38 described in Example 1.

  Hereinafter, except for changing the acrylic resin (A), the cellulose ester resin (B), the acrylic particles (C), and the composition ratio as shown in Table 6, the optical film 38- 2-38-6 were produced.

  Further, the optical film 38-5 is made of Meblene W-341 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co.) as C2 instead of the acrylic particles C1, and the optical film 38-6 is made of MR-2G (manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a single layer structure. Used as C3.

"Evaluation method"
The following evaluation was implemented about the obtained optical films 38-1 to 38-6.

(Resin and particle state: compatible / incompatible)
Regarding the produced optical film 38-1, 12 g of a film sample was measured, dissolved again in a methylo / ethanol solvent having the above composition and stirred, and when sufficiently dissolved and dispersed, a PTFE membrane having a pore diameter of 0.1 μm Filtration was performed using a filter T010A (manufactured by ADVANTEC), and the filtered insoluble matter was sufficiently dried and weighed. As a result, the weight was 1.8 g.

  Further, when this insoluble material was dispersed again in the solvent and the particle size distribution was measured using Malvern (Malvern), the distribution was found in the vicinity of 0.10 to 0.20 μm.

  From the above, it can be seen that 90% by mass or more of the added acrylic particles (C) remains as insoluble matter, and the acrylic particles (C) are present in an incompatible state in the optical film. I understood.

  Similarly, when the same measurement was performed on optical films 38-2 to 38-6, it was the same as 38-1.

  These samples were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results obtained are shown in Table 7.

  As described above, when acrylic fine particles are further added to the optical film of the present invention, the transparency (haze) is slightly reduced, but the film cutting performance and appearance, the viewing angle variation and the color shift of the liquid crystal display device are further improved. We were able to.

Example 3
When preparing the dope of the optical film 5, optical films 5-1 and 5-2 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following ultraviolet absorber was added. Produced.

5-1: Tinuvin 109 (Ciba Japan Co., Ltd.) 1.5 parts by mass
Tinuvin 171 (manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., Ltd.) 0.7 part by mass 5-2: LA-31 (manufactured by ADEKA Co., Ltd.) 1.5 part by mass It was excellent.

  As described above, even when the optical film of the present invention is used, it is possible to appropriately add the additives used in the conventional polarizing plate protective film, and the polarizing plate produced thereby, the liquid crystal display device, Furthermore, it showed excellent properties in visibility and color shift.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Melting pot 3, 6, 12, 15 Filter 4, 13 Stock tank 5, 14 Liquid feed pump 8, 16 Conduit 10 Ultraviolet absorber charging pot 20 Merge pipe 21 Mixer 30 Die 31 Metal support 32 Web 33 Peeling position 34 Tenter device 35 Roll dryer 41 Particle charging vessel 42 Stock tank 43 Pump 44 Filter

1. The acrylic resin (A) having a weight average molecular weight of 80000 or more and containing a methyl methacrylate monomer in an amount of 0.20 to 1.00% by mass with respect to the total mass, and a total substitution degree of acyl groups of 2.0 to 3.0 A cellulose ester resin (B) having a substitution degree of an acyl group in the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms of 1.2 to 3.0 and a weight average molecular weight of 75,000 or more, and the acrylic resin. An optical film containing (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) in a mass ratio of 95: 5 to 30:70 and containing the methyl methacrylate monomer in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15% by mass relative to the total mass. In producing the optical film by the solution casting method, the following processes 1) to 3) are carried out .
1) In the tenter process, stretching is performed in the first half and the width is maintained in the second half, or preheating is performed in the first half and stretching is performed in the second half.
2) A drying process is performed at a temperature higher by 20 ° C. or more than the glass transition temperature Tg of the web in either the tenter process or the drying process after the tenter process.
3) The drying temperature in the drying step after the tenter step is set to 80 ° C. to 160 ° C., and the latter half temperature is set higher than the first half.

2. 2. The method for producing an optical film as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cellulose ester resin (B) has a total substitution degree of acyl groups outside the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms of 1.3 or less. .

3. 3. The optical system according to item 1 or 2, wherein the cellulose ester resin (B) has a total substitution degree of acyl groups in the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms of 2.00 or more. A method for producing a film.

4). The total substitution degree of the acyl group of the said cellulose ester resin (B) is 2.5-3.0, The optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 3rd term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned. Manufacturing method .

5. The said acrylic resin (A) has 50-99 mass% of methyl methacrylate units in a molecule | numerator, The manufacturing method of the optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 4th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

6). The mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is within a range of 95: 5 to 50:50, according to any one of the first to fifth items, The manufacturing method of the optical film of description.

7). The mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is in the range of 80:20 to 60:40, according to any one of the first to sixth items, The manufacturing method of the optical film of description.

8). The weight average molecular weight of the acrylic resin (A) is in the range of 80,000 to 1,000,000, The method for producing an optical film according to any one of the first to seventh items.

9. The method for producing an optical film according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 100,000 to 500,000.

10. The weight average molecular weight of said acrylic resin (A) exists in the range of 150,000-400000, The preparation methods of the optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 9th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

11. The weight average molecular weight of the said cellulose ester resin (B) exists in the range of 75000-300000, The preparation methods of the optical film as described in any one of said 1st term | claim to 10th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned.

12 The weight average molecular weight of the cellulose ester resin (B) is in the range of 100,000 to 240,000, The method for producing an optical film according to any one of items 1 to 11 above.

13. The said optical film contains 0.5-30 mass% acrylic particle | grains (C) with respect to the gross mass of resin which comprises the said optical film, The said 1st term to 12th term | claim characterized by the above-mentioned. The manufacturing method of the optical film as described in any one.

14 14. The method for producing an optical film according to any one of items 1 to 13, wherein the film thickness is in a range of 20 to 200 [mu] m and used as a polarizing plate protective film.

Claims (14)

  An optical film produced by a solution casting method, comprising (i) an acrylic resin (A) and a cellulose ester resin (B) in a mass ratio of 95: 5 to 30:70, and (ii) a methyl methacrylate monomer And (iii) the acrylic resin (A) has a weight average molecular weight of 80000 or more, and is contained in the acrylic resin (A). Content of the said methyl methacrylate monomer is 0.20-1.00 mass% with respect to the said acrylic resin (A) total mass, and (iv) The total of the acyl group of the said cellulose ester resin (B) The degree of substitution is 2.0 to 3.0, the degree of substitution of acyl groups in the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms is 1.2 to 3.0, and the weight average molecular weight of the cellulose ester resin (B) is 75,000 or more An optical film characterized by the above.   The optical film according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose ester resin (B) has a total substitution degree of acyl groups outside the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms of 1.3 or less.   3. The optical film according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose ester resin (B) has a total substitution degree of acyl groups in the range of 3 to 7 carbon atoms of 2.00 or more. .   The total substitution degree of the acyl group of the said cellulose-ester resin (B) is 2.5-3.0, The optical film as described in any one of Claim 1- Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The said acrylic resin (A) has 50-99 mass% of methyl methacrylate units in a molecule | numerator, The optical film as described in any one of Claim 1- Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is in a range of 95: 5 to 50:50, according to any one of claims 1 to 5. Optical film.   The mass ratio of the acrylic resin (A) and the cellulose ester resin (B) is in the range of 80:20 to 60:40, according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Optical film.   The weight average molecular weight of the said acrylic resin (A) exists in the range of 80000-1 million, The optical film as described in any one of Claim 1- Claim 7 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The weight average molecular weight of the said acrylic resin (A) exists in the range of 100000-500000, The optical film as described in any one of Claim 1- Claim 8 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The weight average molecular weight of the said acrylic resin (A) exists in the range of 150,000-400000, The optical film as described in any one of Claim 1- Claim 9 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The weight average molecular weight of the said cellulose-ester resin (B) exists in the range of 75000-300000, The optical film as described in any one of Claim 1- Claim 10 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The weight average molecular weight of the said cellulose ester resin (B) exists in the range of 100,000-24,000, The optical film as described in any one of Claim 1- Claim 11 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The said optical film contains 0.5-30 mass% acrylic particle (C) with respect to the gross mass of resin which comprises the said optical film, Any of Claim 1-12 characterized by the above-mentioned. An optical film according to claim 1.   14. The optical film according to claim 1, wherein the optical film has a thickness in a range of 20 to 200 μm and is used as a polarizing plate protective film.