JPWO2010023962A1 - Ubiquitous ECG system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a multifunction small wireless biosensor capable of measuring an electrocardiogram waveform with high sensitivity. Furthermore, this sensor can be used in a network environment. SOLUTION: A plurality of electrocardiographic monitor induction measurements and triaxial acceleration measurements are possible by bipolar induction, a wireless biosensor having a position adjustment mechanism, and communication with the biosensor, and from the received sensor measurement information, the sensor A health care network including a communication server having a primary determination function of usage state and physiological information and a user authentication function is formed. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a wireless communication system including a mobile small wireless biosensor, an access point (base station), and a communication server such as a remote monitoring center, and more particularly to a technique related to control of a wireless biosensor and sensor measurement information.

With the advancement of mobile sensor device technology, body area networks (BAN) for measuring and monitoring the health status and physiological information of a living body are drawing attention.
A small wireless biosensor that can constantly monitor a living body for a long time is a key device for practical use of BAN, and if such a sensor is realized, it is expected to bring new knowledge to the medical field (Non-patent Document 1). reference). Furthermore, BAN is expected not only to be a medical monitor for patients but also to be used for monitoring the exercise state in a fitness club and the like, so that it can bring about a great effect in preventive medicine. In the future, it is expected that the BAN network will be connected to a wide area network such as the Internet, and a wide variety of healthcare monitor services will be possible. It is desired to realize a multifunctional wireless biosensor.

  Such a multi-function wireless biosensor is required to automatically and accurately measure an electrocardiogram, body temperature, blood pressure, acceleration, and the like with a simple operation. In particular, measurement of an electrocardiogram is important. However, there are still many problems to realize a small electrocardiographic waveform measuring device. First, in order to reduce the size of the 12-lead potential detection method that has been widely used for conventional diagnosis, it is necessary to make the measurement possible with a small number of electrodes. Second, in order to increase the affinity with the skin and reduce the input resistance before measurement, conventionally, a jelly-like electrolyte has been applied, but requesting this work from a general user is a problem especially in an emergency. is there. In addition, there is a need for wiping to prevent corrosion of the electrode, and it is ideal to make it maintenance-free. For this reason, it is desired that the electrode be a non-paste type electrode that does not require application of an electrolyte. The third problem is that it is necessary to be able to measure in a so-called ubiquitous environment that does not limit the environment used by the user in the healthcare field. For this reason, it is desirable that the measurement electrode, the signal processing unit, and the signal transmission unit are integrated.

Various proposals have been made to realize a smaller electrocardiogram measuring device. Patent Document 1 discloses an event type, relatively large portable electrocardiograph having a waveform display function as a metal electrode or carbon electrode electrocardiograph. The measurement electrode is affixed to the body surface and connected to the main body with a cord. Patent Document 2 has a problem that a measurable electrocardiographic waveform is limited because the metal electrode is mounted on the main body but is a monopolar induction type. Further, although a method of electrically detecting and correcting as a method for preventing erroneous analysis due to baseline fluctuations in the electrocardiogram has been disclosed, there has been a problem that the apparatus cost is increased. In Patent Document 3, a bipolar electrode type electrocardiographic measurement is made possible by providing a common electrode at the center of the chest, a pair of arm portions extending from the main body case on both sides, and an electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode at the tip thereof. Yes. However, since the electrode arrangement and polarity are significantly different from the standard monitor induction, there is room for improvement in measurement sensitivity. Furthermore, there is a problem that the waveform is not stabilized due to fluctuations in the position of the electrode and the base line.

On the other hand, in Patent Document 4, in addition to the measured electrocardiogram, information on breathing, body temperature, activity amount is provided with a telemeter function such as weak radio, specific low power radio, Bluetooth (registered trademark), PHS, etc. An electrocardiograph transmitted to a telephone, personal computer or the like is disclosed. However, in order to effectively use the multi-function wireless biosensor in a network environment, a primary determination function for determining proper use of the sensor is indispensable. That is, the function of protecting the privacy of biometric data transfer by performing encryption processing without special operation on the communication server, the proper user and proper usage of the sensor, and the monitoring of the usage state are assumed in Patent Document 4. Out of range.

Prior art documents

JP-A-5-123302 JP 2006-61494 A Japanese Patent No. 3867168 JP 2001-299712 A The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers vol.90, No. 8, 2007 pp636

  The present invention was created in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and realizes a multifunctional small-sized wireless biosensor capable of measuring an electrocardiographic waveform with high sensitivity. Furthermore, a communication function and a determination function are provided for enabling the sensor to be used in a network environment.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a biosensor according to the present invention.
(A) at least two or more electrodes for bipolar monitor induction measurement provided in the main body case;
(B) a positioning member that is connected to the main body case and adjusts and positions the main body case at a predetermined measurement position;
(C) It has a communication means for wirelessly transmitting biometric data.

Preferably, the positioning member includes a suspension member and a position adjustment fixing member mounted thereon.

Preferably, the electrocardiogram waveform measurement electrode has a first electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode 1 and a common electrode 2 at both ends of an arm portion extending from the main body case to both sides, and extends vertically from an intermediate point of the arm portion. A second waveform detection electrode 3 is provided at a predetermined distance, and the polarity of the electrodes 1 and 3 is equivalent to that of the second induction of standard limb induction. Further, it is desirable that the first and common electrodes have an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape, and the long axis direction is arranged in the direction of the arm portion extending from the main body case to both sides.
Preferably, the apparatus has a mounting body on which the plurality of electrocardiographic waveform detection electrodes are fixed.

Preferably, the second electrocardiographic waveform detection electrode 3 has an extendable guide wire that leads to the lower part of the heart, and has means for switching the polarities of the electrocardiographic waveform detection electrode 1 and the common electrode 2 to each other, Measure multiple monitor leads.

Preferably, the biological sensor of the present invention incorporates one of an acceleration sensor and a temperature sensor in addition to the electrocardiograph.

Preferably, the electrocardiographic electrode for a biosensor of the present invention is made of a gold foil, metal fine particles, or gold plating attached to an adhesive conductive resin, and is in close contact with the skin.

Another aspect of the electrocardiograph system using the biosensor of the present invention is:
(A) a biosensor that measures an electrocardiogram waveform and wirelessly transmits measurement data to a communication server;
(B) a communication server that receives measurement data of the biosensor, performs feature extraction of the measurement data, statistically processes the extracted feature data, and stores it as a reference value for each individual;
And the communication server includes a primary determination unit that determines a use state of the sensor from measurement data of the biosensor.

  Preferably, the measurement data transmitted by radio is encrypted.

   Preferably, the communication server performs feature extraction of the measurement data of the biosensor, and performs sensor user authentication and pathological primary determination using reference data for each individual user.

Preferably, in the pathological primary determination, the level of urgency is classified.
Preferably, the communication server transmits the determination result to different report destinations in accordance with the level of urgency of the pathological primary determination result.

  The present invention is a small accessory type electrocardiograph and its system as a ubiquitous type, and it is a device that is easy to wear as an accessory. Enables various highly sensitive ECG waveform measurements. In addition, it can be safely transmitted wirelessly to a coordinator such as a mobile phone. Furthermore, even when connected to different access points or base stations while wearing a concentric electrometer, the system can continuously generate the encryption key. The ECG data is sent from the electrocardiograph to the communication server, the primary judgment is displayed, and if a suspicious decision is made, it is immediately sent to the medical institution with the communication server, taking security into consideration. It can be received, can be measured anytime and anywhere, and is effective as a ubiquitous medical treatment that asks for transmission judgment. By considering the position of the electrode, the display of the P wave is good and the determination accuracy is high. By adopting a special electrode, there is no stickiness, it can be used without replacement for a long period of time, and the baseline of the electrocardiogram has good stability. Further, it is proposed that the user can use the biometric data for generating the encryption key to make the system easy to use so that no special setting is required.

It is a whole block diagram of the biosensor of this invention. It is a figure explaining another embodiment of the biosensor of this invention. It is a block diagram of a positioning member. A conventional standard limb monitor guide II is shown. Conventional MCL5 induction and CM5 induction are shown. It is a block diagram of the electrocardiograph system of this invention. It is a block diagram of a communication server. It is a figure which concerns on an electrocardiogram waveform and its process. The processing flow of an electrocardiograph system is shown. Each parameter of the electrocardiogram waveform and its normal range are shown. Indicates the wearing band. The structure which attached the biosensor to the wearing zone is shown. The structure which attached the biosensor to the wearing zone is shown. Indicates a changeover switch. An electrocardiographic waveform measurement result is shown.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings. The embodiment is not limited to the following.

4 and 5 show the electrode arrangement and polarity of the conventional monitor induction. FIG. 4 is the standard limb lead II, and FIG. 5 is the monitor lead known as MCL5 lead and CM5 lead used for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. In both figures, the left and right directions are usually the direction of the subject, and the electrode positions indicated by the circles and ● are the bases of the left and right limbs or the chest. As is clear from both figures, a small electrocardiograph cannot follow the conventional bipolar monitor guidance as it is. Therefore, the present invention realizes a small electrocardiographic sensor having an electrode arrangement and polarity that enable bipolar monitor guidance. A typical example is shown in FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an electrocardiograph according to an embodiment of the present invention. This electrocardiograph measurement biosensor is suspended from a neck by a positioning and fixing member 7 and is held on the subject's chest, and a human body for measuring bipolar monitor guidance on the upper part of the body case 4 Toward the right side of the human body, the arm portion 5 has an electrocardiographic waveform detection electrode 1 (negative electrode) and a common electrode 2 (ground) from the left. A second electrocardiographic waveform detection electrode 3 (positive electrode) is provided at the lower part of the human body side side surface of the main body case 4 extending vertically from the center of the arm portion on the human body side surface.

As shown in FIG. 1, the biosensor for measuring an electrocardiograph according to the present invention performs highly sensitive electrocardiographic measurement with an arrangement in which the distance between the electrodes is as short as possible for miniaturization. It follows the second guidance of limb guidance. However, it is not effective to reduce the standard monitor guidance as it is in the electrode arrangement. That is, depending on the center position of the electrode and the rotational inclination in a plane parallel to the body surface, the measurement waveform and sensitivity change significantly. Therefore, the biosensor for electrocardiograph measurement of the present invention is connected to a positioning and fixing member that enables adjustment of the center positioning of the electrode and adjustment of the rotational inclination in a plane parallel to the body surface.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. This electrocardiograph measurement electrode arrangement allows the electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode 3 of FIG. 1 to be pulled out from the main body case for observing the electrocardiogram waveform of a person who is concerned about ischemic heart disease that may cause pain in the heart. Thus, the left ventricular lead type electrocardiographic waveform detection is possible at the lower part of the heart. In this embodiment, it is defined as a fourth electrode (positive electrode) in order to distinguish it from the third electrode in usage. Desirably, in this measurement, in order to perform the measurement according to the MCL5 induction, the polarity of the electrode 1 and the electrode 2 can be switched.

FIG. 3 is a detailed embodiment showing a state in which the positioning and fixing member suspends the sensor body. The positioning fixing member is connected and fixed to the two fasteners 8 and 9 of the sensor body, and the sensor body is suspended from the neck. The ring 10 is for suspending the fixing member from the neck. The ring 10 penetrates the left and right stoppers 12 and 13 and the first adjustment fixing member 11, and both ends 14 thereof protrude from the first adjustment fixing member 11. Thus, the first adjustment fixing member 11 is adjusted and fixed. The both ends 14 are fixed as a single string at both ends. The cords 15 and 16 are connected to the stoppers 12 and 13 respectively, penetrate the coupling members 17 and 18, and both ends 20 penetrate the second adjustment fixing member 19, and protrude from the second adjustment fixing member. 19 is adjusted and fixed. The both ends 20 are fixed as a single string at both ends. The length between the stoppers 12 and 13 and the adjusting members 17 and 18 is determined by the length of the cords 15 and 16 protruding from the adjusting members 17 and 18. In this embodiment, since the lengths of the respective strings 15 and 16 are equal and both ends 20 are fixed, by making the distance between the both ends 20 and the second adjustment fixing member 19 variable, The height can be adjusted.

The user preferably adjusts the position of the positioning and fixing member 7 in a healthy state. That is, in order to first fix the ring 10 around the neck, the ring 10 is passed through the neck, both ends 14 are pulled, and the ring 10 is fixed by the stopper of the adjustment fixing member 11 in a state where the ring 10 is in close contact with the neck. At this time, the adjustment fixing member 11 is generally along the center axis of the front object of the human body, and is kept in a substantially horizontal orientation in a state where the sensor body suspends the sensor (a state suspended only by gravity). Next, the distance between the both ends 20 and the second adjustment fixing member 19 is changed to adjust the height of the sensor body. In this adjustment stage, the height is adjusted so that a normal waveform can be obtained while observing the electrocardiogram waveform or by measuring and transmitting the measurement result wirelessly and receiving instructions from a doctor.

Preferably, the electrode of the biosensor for electrocardiogram measurement according to the present invention uses an adhesive conductive polymer, for example, a gold foil attached to the same conductive polyurethane resin layer, or a gold powder coating or gold plating. The conductive polyurethane resin layer has an effect of improving the adhesion between the electrode and the human body. In the case of short-term use, there is no need to apply gold foil or gold powder coating or gold plating, but in the case of long-term use, there is a problem of stabilization of surface potential and deterioration over time. In order to improve stability over time, it is preferable to apply gold foil or apply gold powder.

The first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode need to be arranged at desired positions on the human body, and when the sensor body is pressed, the entire electrode surface needs to be in close contact with the human body surface. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange the first and second electrodes between the first chest and the third electrode at the center between the left and right fourth chests. Furthermore, the first and second electrode surface shapes are elliptical or rectangular with the longitudinal direction of the sternum as the major axis in order to adhere to the body surface between the first and second sternums, and the third electrode The surface shape is preferably an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape whose short axis is the longitudinal direction of the sternum. Therefore, it is desirable to arrange the major axis direction of the first and second electrodes in the direction of the arm portion extending from the main body case to both sides. Preferably, the shape of the third electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode is an ellipse or a rectangle, and the direction of the major axis is the vertical direction from the upper part of the main body case to the lower part.

The fourth electrode is arranged on the left anterior axilla line at the same height as the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the left clavicle central line. In this case, since the user needs to hold both the fourth electrode and the main body, the usage is complicated. In order to avoid this, it is preferable to use the attachment band with electrode wiring shown in FIG. This wearing band has an elastic structure that surrounds the human chest and closes the electrode to the skin, and also has a function of a positioning member. As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the sensor is held on the mounting band by an electrode fitting portion 9 that also serves as an electrode connection. In the embodiment of FIG. 12A, the first, second, and third electrodes are generally directly below the fitting portion, and the fourth electrode is connected to the electrode screw 11 by the lead wire 10 from the fitting portion. In the present embodiment, the fourth electrode is covered with an insulator during a normal measurement corresponding to the second induction, and the third electrode is covered with an insulator during a measurement other than that corresponding to the second induction. In the embodiment of FIG. 12B, all the fitting portions are insulated from the human body surface, and the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are provided on the electrode screw 11 connected by the lead wiring 10. . All the electrode wirings are connected to the electrode screws through the changeover switch attached to the attachment band from the fitting portion. According to the present embodiment, by switching between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the third electrode and the fourth electrode, it is possible to switch the respective monitor leads shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of the change-over switch 12 provided in the wearing band. The switch is switched to the position indicated by the solid line arrow during normal measurement of the second lead, and is switched to the dotted arrow position during measurement of the MCL5 lead. Further, by switching only the third and fourth electrodes, it is possible to measure monitor guidance according to CM5 guidance. In the present embodiment, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of the electrode position of the fourth electrode by providing the connection wiring on the mounting band. By changing the position of the fourth electrode or providing a plurality of electrodes that can be switched with the third electrode at different positions on the wearing band, all of the monitor leads according to the six standard chest leads can be measured. It becomes possible.

  FIG. 14 shows the result of measuring an electrocardiographic waveform corresponding to lead II using the electrocardiographic sensor of the present invention. As is apparent from the figure, the P wave, R wave, Q wave, S wave, and T wave that are characteristic in the electrocardiogram waveform can be observed.

In the biosensor for electrocardiogram measurement according to the present invention, an activation switch 6 is provided in the central part of the main body case, and when an event occurs, the subject presses the activation switch 6 on the clothes from the main body case on the skin. Measurement is started, and electrocardiogram data is wirelessly transmitted to a coordinator such as a mobile phone or a PDA. Further, when a wireless reception function is built in, reception is limited to a certain period after transmission. As a result, the required power consumption can be minimized.

  Another aspect of the electrocardiograph system of the present invention is that the present biosensor can be used in a ubiquitous environment, and a support support function is provided so that a user can easily use the present sensor. The present invention relates to a system for constructing a support environment. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the entire system. In the figure, a coordinator 21 is a mobile phone or a personal computer having a wireless LAN interface, and performs a secure wireless connection with a biometric sensor to exchange biometric information. The coordinator 21 communicates with the application server 24 via the base station 22 or the access point 23, and sends and receives user reference information and diagnostic measurement data. The base station 22, the access point 23, and the application server 24 can enter a local wireless LAN network, a wide area wireless communication network, a telephone network, and an IP network, and constitute a seamless communication network. The coordinator 21 and the application server 24 are collectively referred to as a communication server.

As shown in FIG. 7, the communication server includes a user authentication unit 25 that checks the user of the biosensor, a primary determination unit 26 that supports whether or not the biosensor is used correctly, and correct measurement, and further, for each user. The diagnostic data processing / storage unit 27 collects measurement results, extracts features, and stores the feature data. The user authentication unit 25, the primary determination unit 26, and the diagnostic data processing / storage unit 27 can access the server of the external organization connected to the network and the coordinator 21 via the communication control unit 28. It should be noted that the primary determination unit 26 that supports whether or not the biosensor is used correctly and supports correct measurement is usually placed in the coordinator. FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the function is placed on the coordinator.
The function of the communication server will be described in detail below.

1. User Authentication The user authentication unit 25 performs data processing of physiological data such as a user's electrocardiogram waveform transmitted from the biosensor, converts it into feature data, and compares it with feature data registered as a sensor user. Do. If there is no significant difference as a result of the comparison, the measurement data is sent to the diagnostic data processing / storage unit, and the user data is updated. If a noticeable difference is found, the message is transmitted to the coordinator or the external monitoring center (center with the application server) connected to the network via the communication control unit 28 depending on the content.

As the feature data for the authentication check, reference data (average value μ, standard deviation σ) of the user's electrocardiographic data shown in FIG. 8 can be used. The normal ECG waveform shown in FIG. 8 is composed of a P wave, QRS wave, T wave, and U wave. A point where the amplitude of the ECG waveform exceeds a preset threshold value is expressed by a pulse, and the heart rate is determined by the interval. Etc. are derived. The threshold value ΔB determines the wave height and width of each waveform and is used for correcting the baseline. In general, in the case of an electrocardiogram, the amplitude (magnitude) of the electrocardiogram varies considerably depending on the environment, but the interval (time relationship) of the electrocardiogram does not vary depending on the position of the electrode. For this reason, by setting the threshold value ΔB, it is possible to extract not only individual differences but also reference data based on temporal differences representing the environment where the individual is located from the parameters of each waveform shown in FIG. it can. In addition, if baseline data (baseline set value and its change over time) is included as reference data, it can be used for determination of the usage state of the sensor.

The reference data is generated as follows. For the m parameters si (i = 1, 2,... M) of the electrocardiogram waveform shown in FIG. 8 from the measurement data of the biosensor, m average values μi and m from n data respectively. The standard deviation σi of is calculated. Using it as an element, a 2m-dimensional feature vector v (μ1, μ2,... Μm, σ1, σ2,... Σm) is defined. If the measurement is repeated a plurality of times, a reference data set V having a distribution for each individual person in the 2m-dimensional space is created. By collecting reference data sets for health for a plurality of insured persons, an authentication reference data set can be constructed and stored in the diagnostic data processing / storage unit 27. The user authentication unit 25 performs pattern matching between the measured feature vector v and the reference data set, and performs authentication determination. Pattern matching uses a standard data set as a training set, extracts a plurality of reference vectors for each user, calculates the distance from the feature vector v, or uses a neural network. Since this authentication determination targets healthy persons, the authentication result is ignored if an incorrect use of the sensor or a pathological abnormality is determined in the primary determination described below.

2. Primary determination 2-1. The first function of the primary determination unit 26 of the user support communication server checks the measurement data of the biosensor and remotely supports the usage. Therefore, the electrocardiogram waveform or the measurement data of the three-axis acceleration sensor is analyzed, and an abnormality is detected based on each analysis result or a combination thereof. From the analysis result of the electrocardiogram waveform, the use state of the sensor can be determined. That is, it is used for the determination that the electrocardiogram measurement waveform changes peculiar to the position of the sensor. Further, the time variation of the baseline is used to determine whether or not the sensor electrode is stably in close contact with the living body.

The measurement data of the three-axis acceleration sensor can be used as a more direct analysis result on the usage state of the sensor. If a sensor capable of measuring the gravitational acceleration vector and its change over time is used, the three-dimensional orientation of the sensor surface and the motion state of the user wearing the sensor surface can be estimated. In the initial setting stage of the sensor position fixing tool in the health state of the user, the c-plane of the sensor (the sensor plane in FIG. 1) is placed on the ground while measuring the sensor orientation vector with the sensor suspended from the neck. Adjust the tilt of the sensor so that it is perpendicular to the sensor. Next, the height is initially set while observing the electrocardiogram waveform. This work can be performed remotely under the guidance of a doctor or medical worker.

2-2. When a normal electrocardiogram waveform can be observed by the diagnosis support initial setting, the feature vector v obtained from the measurement data is compared with the normal range in FIG. 10, and when v deviates from the normal range, it is determined as abnormal and deviates. Correspondence urgency is set according to the degree.
Even at this stage, the measurement data of the three-axis acceleration sensor is used for monitoring the usage state. That is, the user's posture and motion state that affect the measurement of the electrocardiogram waveform are monitored, and information useful for diagnosis is provided. For example, it is important to determine whether the user is standing or not in order to determine urgency when it is determined that there is an abnormality. Or whether it is a walking state, whether it is an excessive movement state, and whether it is a prone state even in a stationary state can also be determined from the measurement data of the 3-axis acceleration sensor, This information is useful for determining an electrocardiogram waveform.

2-3. Communication function A) Report level control If the first simple judgment software of the coordinator finally determines that an abnormality and its sign are detected from the electrocardiogram waveform, the judgment result is transmitted to the other party according to the degree of urgency. For example, if it is a minor abnormality, it is transmitted to the coordinator, and a result of a level that requires urgency is transmitted to the medical institution. In this case, user information, electrocardiogram waveform and body temperature information, and information related to measurement conditions such as measurement data processing results of the triaxial acceleration sensor are also transmitted at the same time, and the medical institution performs a comprehensive diagnosis as much as possible. Make it possible. Moreover, an urgency index is transmitted based on an index for determining urgency. When it is necessary to respond urgently, the urgency index is transmitted to a transmission destination registered in advance in the communication control unit, such as a care center or a user's relative.

B) Security The biosensor of the present invention can be used in the network environment shown in FIG. 6 even when the mobile terminal that is the coordinator is worn indoors. Even in this case, the security between the electrocardiograph and the coordinator is ensured by the user authentication unit. FIG. 9 shows an example of the processing flow. When wearing the electrocardiograph, the user sees a doctor with the electrocardiograph and the portable terminal that is the coordinator. When setting up the electrocardiograph, since it is in contact with a doctor, the electrocardiograph and the coordinator are related on the spot, and the user authentication server sends the reference data of the user (electrocardiogram data, its average) μ, standard deviation σ). At the same time, the coordinator obtains biometric data from the electrocardiograph, calculates the average and standard deviation, and performs identity determination. In this same determination, it is confirmed that n = <3 is established in [μ−nσ, μ + nσ] (statistically 99.7% identity), and a hash is obtained from the average μ and the maximum absolute value | nσ |. Find the value and use it as a common key between the ECG and coordinator and send it to the ECG. Thereafter, the electrocardiograph encrypts the biometric data using this common key and sends it to the coordinator. When the biometric data is sent from the coordinator to the network, the reference data of the user authentication server is sequentially updated based on the data.

As the data for generating the encryption key, it is possible to use a variable element of the measurement location of the sensor. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, a binary value generated from a sensor observation waveform by a value equal to or greater than the threshold value A has random elements that vary depending on various observation environments. A hash value Cn is generated from the binary value and used as data for generating an encryption key. In the case of an electrocardiogram or the like, it is also possible to express the time during which the temporal change in amplitude exceeds the threshold value ΔB as a pulse, and extract a waveform portion having an amplitude change other than the baseline portion therefrom. By using this data, the uniqueness of the encryption key data set can be obtained. The inventor of the present application has already applied for a method and system for generating an encryption key using biometric information and performing encrypted communication (PCT / JP2008 / 001696), and details of the invention are incorporated in the present application. .

In the above description, it is also within the scope of the present invention that the functions of the communication server according to the present invention are distributed and assigned to the coordinator and the application server, or some or all of them are incorporated redundantly.

  The biosensor according to the present invention and a biosensor network system using the biosensor are used as a health care monitor that can be used in a ubiquitous environment in a medical field, a nursing facility, or a cableless physical condition management and medical field in an individual unit. Can be applied to various usage forms.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode 2 Common electrode 3, 4 2nd electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode 5 Arm part 6 Start switch 7 Positioning member 8 Mounting body 9 Electrode fitting part 10 Connection wiring 11 Electrode screw 12 Changeover switch 21 Coordinator 22 Base station 23 Access point 24 Application server 25 User authentication unit 26 Primary determination unit 27 Data processing / storage unit for diagnosis

[0008]
Is generally along the center axis of the front object of the human body, and the sensor body keeps the sensor in a substantially horizontal orientation in a state where the sensor is suspended (a state suspended only by gravity). Next, the distance between the both ends 20 and the second adjustment fixing member 19 is changed to adjust the height of the sensor body. In this adjustment stage, the height is adjusted so that a normal waveform can be obtained while observing the electrocardiogram waveform or by measuring and transmitting the measurement result wirelessly and receiving instructions from a doctor.
[0027]
Preferably, the electrode of the biosensor for electrocardiogram measurement according to the present invention uses an adhesive conductive polymer, for example, a gold foil attached to the same conductive polyurethane resin layer, or a gold powder coating or gold plating. The conductive polyurethane resin layer has an effect of improving the adhesion between the electrode and the human body. In the case of short-term use, there is no need to apply gold foil or gold powder coating or gold plating, but in the case of long-term use, there is a problem of stabilization of surface potential and deterioration over time. In order to improve stability over time, it is preferable to apply gold foil or apply gold powder.
[0028]
The first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode need to be arranged at desired positions on the human body, and when the sensor body is pressed, the entire electrode surface needs to be in close contact with the human body surface. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange the first and second electrodes between the second ribs and the third electrode at the center between the left and right fourth ribs. Furthermore, the first and second electrode surface shapes are elliptical or rectangular with the longitudinal direction of the rib as the major axis in order to adhere to the body surface between the second and third ribs, and the third electrode The surface shape is preferably an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape whose short axis is the longitudinal direction of the ribs. Therefore, it is desirable to arrange the major axis direction of the first and second electrodes in the direction of the arm portion extending from the main body case to both sides. Preferably, the shape of the third electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode is an ellipse or a rectangle, and the direction of the long axis is the vertical direction from the upper part to the lower part of the main body case [0029]
The fourth electrode is arranged on the left anterior axilla line at the same height as the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the left clavicle central line. In this case, since the user needs to hold both the fourth electrode and the main body, the usage is complicated. In order to avoid this, the electrode arrangement shown in FIG.

The first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode need to be arranged at desired positions on the human body, and when the sensor body is pressed, the entire electrode surface needs to be in close contact with the human body surface. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange | position a 1st and 2nd electrode in a 2nd rib, and arrange | position a 3rd electrode in the center of a 4th rib on either side. Furthermore, the first and second electrode surface shapes are elliptical or rectangular with the longitudinal direction of the rib as the major axis in order to adhere to the body surface between the second and third ribs , The electrode surface shape is preferably an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape with the longitudinal direction of the rib as the short axis. Therefore, it is desirable to arrange the major axis direction of the first and second electrodes in the direction of the arm portion extending from the main body case to both sides. Preferably, the shape of the third electrocardiographic waveform detection electrode is an ellipse or a rectangle, and the direction of the major axis is the vertical direction from the upper part of the main body case to the lower part.

Claims (14)

In a biosensor for measuring an electrocardiogram waveform,
(A) Two or more electrocardiographic waveform measuring electrodes for bipolar monitor induction measurement provided in the main body case;
(B) a positioning member that is connected to the main body case and adjusts and positions the main body case at a predetermined measurement position;
(C) A biosensor having communication means for wirelessly transmitting biometric data obtained from the electrodes. The biosensor according to claim 1, wherein the positioning member includes a suspension member and a position adjustment fixing member mounted on the suspension member. The electrode is
(A1) having a first electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode and a common electrode at both ends of the arm portion extending from the body case to both sides;
(A2) having a second electrocardiographic waveform detection electrode disposed at a predetermined distance in the vertical direction from the intermediate point of the arm portion;
The living body according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the polarities of the first electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode and the second electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode have the polarity of the standard II limb induction II. Sensor. (D) a second electrocardiographic waveform detection electrode 4 connected to an extendable guide wire that leads to the lower part of the heart;
(E) It has further a switch which mutually switches the polarity of a 1st electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode and a common electrode, and measures a some monitor induction | guidance | derivation, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Biosensor. The biosensor according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of an acceleration sensor and a temperature sensor. The biosensor according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is made of a gold foil or metal fine particles attached to an adhesive conductive resin, and is in close contact with the skin. The shape of the first electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode and the common electrode is an ellipse or a rectangle,
The biosensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a major axis direction of the first and common electrodes is the same as a direction of an arm portion extending from the main body case to both sides. The shape of the second electrocardiogram waveform detection electrode 3 is an ellipse or a rectangle, and the direction of the major axis is the same direction as the vertical direction from the upper part to the lower part of the main body case. The biological sensor according to claim 1. (G) further comprising a mounting body for fixing a plurality of electrocardiographic waveform detection electrodes;
(H) The biosensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a switch for switching at least one of the plurality of electrocardiogram waveform detection electrodes. (A) a biosensor that measures an electrocardiogram waveform and wirelessly transmits the measurement data to the coordinator;
(B) a communication server that receives measurement data of the biosensor, performs feature extraction of the measurement data, statistically processes the extracted feature data, and stores it as a reference value for each individual;
Have
The electrocardiograph system, wherein the communication server includes a primary determination unit that determines a use state of the sensor from measurement data of the biosensor. The electrocardiograph system according to claim 10, wherein the measurement data transmitted by radio is encrypted. 11. The communication server performs feature extraction of measurement data of a biosensor, and performs sensor user authentication and primary determination of an electrocardiogram waveform abnormality using reference data for each individual user. The electrocardiograph system according to any one of 11. 13. The electrocardiograph system according to claim 12, wherein the primary determination of the electrocardiogram waveform abnormality is performed by leveling urgency levels. 14. The electrocardiograph system according to claim 13, wherein the communication server transmits determination results to a plurality of different report destinations in response to a level of urgency of a primary determination result of the electrocardiogram waveform abnormality.

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