JPWO2009125831A1 - Monoclonal antibody against NK4 - Google Patents
Monoclonal antibody against NK4 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2009125831A1 JPWO2009125831A1 JP2010507277A JP2010507277A JPWO2009125831A1 JP WO2009125831 A1 JPWO2009125831 A1 JP WO2009125831A1 JP 2010507277 A JP2010507277 A JP 2010507277A JP 2010507277 A JP2010507277 A JP 2010507277A JP WO2009125831 A1 JPWO2009125831 A1 JP WO2009125831A1
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Abstract
本発明の目的は、NK4を特異的に認識することができる新規な抗体、該抗体を産生するハイブリドーマ、並びに該抗体を用いたNK4の検出方法及び精製方法を提供することである。本発明によれば、NK4と特異的に反応し、HGFとは反応しないことを特徴とする、モノクローナル抗体が提供される。An object of the present invention is to provide a novel antibody capable of specifically recognizing NK4, a hybridoma producing the antibody, and a method for detecting and purifying NK4 using the antibody. According to the present invention, there is provided a monoclonal antibody characterized by reacting specifically with NK4 and not reacting with HGF.
Description
本発明は、NK4に対するモノクローナル抗体、該抗体を産生するハイブリドーマ、並びに該抗体を用いたNK4の検出方法などに関する。 The present invention relates to a monoclonal antibody against NK4, a hybridoma that produces the antibody, a method for detecting NK4 using the antibody, and the like.
NK4は、HGF(Hepatocyte Growth Factor)がプロテアーゼ(エラスターゼ)により切断され発生する産物であり、HGFに対するアンタゴニストである。HGFは肝細胞の増殖因子として発見されたが、その後、組織形成や発生など、様々な作用を有する物質であることが確認され、ヒトHGFのcDNAもクローニングされている(BBRC Vol.172, No.1, 321-327, 1990)。また、HGFには血管新生作用を有することから、治療薬としての治験も進められている。HGFの血管新生作用は、癌においては癌細胞の浸潤や転移を促進するとの報告がある。NK4はHGFの作用を阻害し、HGFが引き起こす癌細胞の浸潤や転移を阻害する治療薬としての開発が期待されている。例えば、特許第3832674号公報には、エラスターゼ消化によって得られるHGFのα鎖からなる蛋白質を有効成分として含有する抗癌剤が記載されている。 NK4 is a product generated by cleaving HGF (Hepatocyte Growth Factor) with a protease (elastase), and is an antagonist to HGF. HGF was discovered as a hepatocyte growth factor, but subsequently confirmed to be a substance having various actions such as tissue formation and development, and cDNA of human HGF has also been cloned (BBRC Vol. 172, No. .1, 321-327, 1990). In addition, since HGF has an angiogenic action, clinical trials as therapeutic agents are also underway. It has been reported that the angiogenic action of HGF promotes cancer cell invasion and metastasis in cancer. NK4 is expected to be developed as a therapeutic agent that inhibits the action of HGF and inhibits the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells caused by HGF. For example, Japanese Patent No. 3832674 describes an anticancer agent containing, as an active ingredient, a protein comprising an α chain of HGF obtained by elastase digestion.
NK4を治療薬として開発するためには、治験などでその効果を確認する必要がある。HGFには反応せず、NK4に特異的に反応するモノクローナル抗体を用いたNK4測定系を確立することができれば、NK4治療薬のモニタリング、又は治療薬中に存在するNK4の同定・確認などに利用することが可能になる。しかしながら、HGFには反応せず、NK4に特異的に反応するモノクローナル抗体に関する報告はない。 In order to develop NK4 as a therapeutic drug, it is necessary to confirm its effect by clinical trials. If a NK4 measurement system using a monoclonal antibody that does not react with HGF and reacts specifically with NK4 can be established, it can be used for monitoring NK4 therapeutic drugs or identifying and confirming NK4 present in therapeutic drugs. It becomes possible to do. However, there is no report on a monoclonal antibody that does not react with HGF and reacts specifically with NK4.
本発明は、NK4を特異的に認識することができる新規な抗体、該抗体を産生するハイブリドーマ、並びに該抗体を用いたNK4の検出方法及び精製方法を提供することを解決すべき課題とした。 An object of the present invention is to provide a novel antibody that can specifically recognize NK4, a hybridoma that produces the antibody, and a method for detecting and purifying NK4 using the antibody.
本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、HGF又はHGFをエラスターゼ消化して得られるHGFのα鎖からなるタンパク質又はその部分配列を有するペプチドを単独で、又はキャリアタンパク質に結合させたコンジュゲートを抗原として免疫動物に免疫することにより、NK4と特異的に反応し、HGFとは反応しないことを特徴とするモノクローナル抗体を製造できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors bound HGF or HGF α-chain protein obtained by elastase digestion or a peptide having a partial sequence thereof alone or bound to a carrier protein. By immunizing an immunized animal using the conjugated conjugate as an antigen, it was found that a monoclonal antibody characterized by reacting specifically with NK4 and not reacting with HGF can be produced, and the present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明によれば、以下の発明が提供される。
(1) エラスターゼ消化によって得られるHGF(Hepatocyte Growth Factor)のα鎖からなる、分子量が約55〜69 kDaであり、c-Met/HGFレセプターのアンタゴニスト活性を有するタンパク質(NK4)と特異的に反応し、HGFとは反応しないことを特徴とする、モノクローナル抗体。
(2) HGF又はHGFをエラスターゼ消化して得られるHGFのα鎖からなるタンパク質、又はその部分配列を有するペプチドを単独又はキャリアタンパク質に結合させたコンジュゲートを抗原として免疫動物に免疫することにより得られる、請求項1に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
(3) HGFをエラスターゼ消化して得られるHGFのα鎖からなるタンパク質又はその部分配列を有するペプチドにスぺーサーを結合させ、さらにキャリアタンパク質に結合させたコンジュゲートを抗原として免疫動物に免疫することにより得られる、(1)に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
(4) 免疫動物がマウスである、(2)又は(3)に記載のモノクローナル抗体。
(5) 1ng/mLのNK4を検出できる、(1)から(4)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体。
(6) 受託番号FERM BP−11101又は受託番号FERM BP−11102を有するハイブリドーマにより産生される、(1)から(5)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体。
(7) (1)から(6)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体を産生するハイブリドーマ。
(8) 受託番号FERM BP−11101又は受託番号FERM BP−11102を有するハイブリドーマ。
(9) (1)から(6)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体を含む、NK4検出のための試薬。
(10) (1)から(6)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体を固定化した担体、及びNK4を認識できる第二の抗体を少なくとも含む、NK4検出キット。
(11) (1)から(6)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体と、NK4を含む試料とを反応させることを含む、NK4の検出方法。
(12) (1)から(6)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体を固定化した担体からなる、NK4精製カラム。
(13) (1)から(6)の何れかに記載のモノクローナル抗体と、NK4を含む試料とを接触させることを含む、NK4の精製方法。That is, according to the present invention, the following inventions are provided.
(1) Specific reaction with a protein (NK4) consisting of α-chain of HGF (Hepatocyte Growth Factor) obtained by elastase digestion and having a molecular weight of about 55-69 kDa and having antagonist activity of c-Met / HGF receptor And a monoclonal antibody characterized by not reacting with HGF.
(2) Obtained by immunizing an immunized animal using HGF or a protein comprising an HGF α-chain obtained by digesting HGF with elastase, or a peptide having a partial sequence thereof, or a conjugate bound to a carrier protein as an antigen. The monoclonal antibody according to
(3) Immunize an immunized animal using a conjugate of HGF α-chain protein obtained by elastase digestion or a peptide having a partial sequence thereof, and a conjugate of the spacer and a carrier protein as an antigen. The monoclonal antibody according to (1), obtained by
(4) The monoclonal antibody according to (2) or (3), wherein the immunized animal is a mouse.
(5) The monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (4), which can detect 1 ng / mL of NK4.
(6) The monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (5), which is produced by a hybridoma having the accession number FERM BP-11101 or the accession number FERM BP-11102.
(7) A hybridoma that produces the monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (6).
(8) A hybridoma having the accession number FERM BP-11101 or the accession number FERM BP-11102.
(9) A reagent for detecting NK4, comprising the monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (6).
(10) An NK4 detection kit comprising at least a carrier on which the monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (6) is immobilized, and a second antibody capable of recognizing NK4.
(11) A method for detecting NK4, comprising reacting the monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (6) with a sample containing NK4.
(12) An NK4 purification column comprising a carrier on which the monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (6) is immobilized.
(13) A method for purifying NK4, comprising bringing the monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (6) into contact with a sample containing NK4.
本発明によれば、HGFとは反応せず、NK4を特異的に認識することができる新規な抗体が提供される。本発明の抗NK4モノクローナル抗体を使用することにより、NK4を特異的に精製するカラムを作製することが可能になる。また、本発明のNK4 EIAキットを併用することにより、これまでできなかったヒト血液等の検体に含まれるHGFとその一部の構造からなるNK4それぞれの量を分けて測定することが可能になった。NK4の C末端部位の前後は、どの動物種にも共通のアミノ酸配列になっていることから、本発明の抗NK4モノクローナル抗体は、ヒトをはじめとして、ラット、マウスなどのほ乳類、その他の動物のNK4も認識するものと思われる。 According to the present invention, a novel antibody that does not react with HGF and can specifically recognize NK4 is provided. By using the anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody of the present invention, it becomes possible to produce a column that specifically purifies NK4. Further, by using the NK4 EIA kit of the present invention in combination, it becomes possible to separately measure the amounts of HGF and NK4 consisting of a part of the structure contained in a specimen such as human blood that could not be obtained so far. It was. Since the amino acid sequence before and after the C-terminal site of NK4 is a common amino acid sequence for all animal species, the anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody of the present invention can be used in humans, mammals such as rats and mice, and other animals. It seems to recognize NK4.
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明のモノクローナル抗体は、NK4と特異的に反応し、HGFとは反応しないことを特徴とする抗体であり、好ましくは、HGF又はHGFをエラスターゼ消化して得られるHGFのα鎖からなるタンパク質、又はその部分配列を有するペプチドを単独又はキャリアタンパク質に結合させたコンジュゲートを抗原として免疫動物に免疫することにより得られる抗体、さらに好ましくは、HGFをエラスターゼ消化して得られるHGFのα鎖からなるタンパク質又はその部分配列を有するペプチドにスぺーサーを結合させ、さらにキャリアタンパク質に結合させたコンジュゲートを抗原として免疫動物に免疫することにより得られる抗体である。本発明では、上記のタンパク質又はその部分配列を有するペプチドを抗原として用いることによって、NK4と特異的に反応し、HGFとは反応しない抗体を取得することができるが、これは、そのアミノ酸配列が、HGFの構造上では表に出ず、NK4ではC末端に位置して露出するためである。キャリアタンパク質の種類は特に限定されないが、例えば、KLH(Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin)などを用いることができる。本発明でも用いることができる抗原の具体例としては、Cys-[NH(CH2CH2O)2-CH2CO]2-Glu-Gly-Asp-Thr-Thr-Pro-Thr-Ile-Val及び/又はPro-Ile-Ser-Arg- Cys-Glu-Gly-Asp-Thr-Thr-Pro-Thr-Ile-Valで表されるペプチドをキャリアタンパク質に結合させたコンジュゲートを挙げることができる。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The monoclonal antibody of the present invention is an antibody characterized by reacting specifically with NK4 and not reacting with HGF, preferably a protein comprising HGF α chain obtained by digesting HGF or HGF with elastase, Alternatively, an antibody obtained by immunizing an immunized animal using a peptide having a partial sequence alone or a conjugate bound to a carrier protein as an antigen, more preferably, an α chain of HGF obtained by digesting HGF with elastase It is an antibody obtained by immunizing an immunized animal using a conjugate conjugated with a spacer to a protein or a peptide having a partial sequence thereof and further conjugated to a carrier protein as an antigen. In the present invention, an antibody that specifically reacts with NK4 and does not react with HGF can be obtained by using a peptide having the above protein or a partial sequence thereof as an antigen. This is because the structure of HGF does not appear in the table, and NK4 is exposed at the C-terminal. Although the kind of carrier protein is not specifically limited, For example, KLH (Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin) etc. can be used. Specific examples of antigens that can also be used in the present invention include Cys- [NH (CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 —CH 2 CO] 2 -Glu-Gly-Asp-Thr-Thr-Pro-Thr-Ile-Val And / or a conjugate obtained by binding a peptide represented by Pro-Ile-Ser-Arg-Cys-Glu-Gly-Asp-Thr-Thr-Pro-Thr-Ile-Val to a carrier protein.
本発明においては、NK4で特異的に露出している目的抗原部位は14個のアミノ酸しかなく、その前には、大きなクリングルと呼ばれるドメイン4個からなるα鎖が存在している。エラスターゼ切断により出現する14個のアミノ酸はその4個のクリングル構造に対して非常に小さく、抗体が反応するものとして認識が難しく、通常の免疫からは特異性の高い抗体を得ることは非常に難しい。そこで、14個或いはその一部を含むアミノ酸配列を有する合成ペプチドを抗原と宿主に認識してもらうために、合成ペプチド中にスペーサーを入れるよう設計し、キャリアタンパク質にコンジュゲートさせたとき、抗原アミノ酸の自由度が高まることを想定した免疫原を準備した。スペーサーの種類は特に限定されないが、例えば、([NH(CH2CH2O)2-CH2CO]2)などを用いることができる。In the present invention, the target antigen site specifically exposed by NK4 is only 14 amino acids, and an α chain consisting of 4 domains called a large kringle is present in front of it. The 14 amino acids that appear by cleavage of elastase are very small relative to the four kringle structures, and are difficult to recognize as antibodies reacting, and it is very difficult to obtain highly specific antibodies from normal immunity. . Therefore, in order to have a synthetic peptide having an amino acid sequence containing 14 or a part thereof recognized by an antigen and a host, a synthetic peptide is designed so that a spacer is inserted and conjugated to a carrier protein. An immunogen was prepared on the assumption that the degree of freedom would increase. The type of spacer is not particularly limited, and for example, ([NH (CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 —CH 2 CO] 2 ) or the like can be used.
また、HGFの構造の中で、Cysはジスルフィド結合により、立体的形状に大きく関与している。上記14個のアミノ酸配列で、アミノ酸Cysを介してキャリアタンパク質へコンジュゲートさせた時に、Cysを中心に実際に近い立体構造を作り出すことを想定し、14個の全アミノ酸からなる合成ペプチドも準備した。 Moreover, in the structure of HGF, Cys is greatly involved in the three-dimensional shape by a disulfide bond. A synthetic peptide consisting of all 14 amino acids was also prepared, assuming that when the 14 amino acid sequence was conjugated to a carrier protein via the amino acid Cys, a three-dimensional structure close to the actual structure was created centering on Cys. .
本発明のモノクローナル抗体およびハイブリドーマを製造する方法は、当該技術分野において公知である(例えば、Campbell,"Monoclonal Antibody Technology:Laboratory Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"、Elsevier Science Publishers,Amsterdam,The Netherlands,1984;St.Groth et al.、J.Immunol.Methods 35:1−21,1980)。 Methods for producing the monoclonal antibodies and hybridomas of the present invention are known in the art (see, for example, Campbell, “Monoclonal Technology Technologies, Laboratory Technology, Biosciences, Biosciences, Molecular Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences, Biosciences St. Groth et al., J. Immunol. Methods 35: 1-21, 1980).
抗原で免疫される哺乳動物としては、特に限定されないが、細胞融合に使用する親細胞との適合性を考慮して選択するのが好ましく、一般的にはげっ歯類の動物、例えば、マウス、ラット、ハムスター、あるいはトリ、ウサギ、サル等が使用される。抗原を動物に免疫するには、例えば、一般的方法として、感作抗原を哺乳動物の腹腔内または皮下に注射することにより行われる。具体的には、感作抗原をPBS(Phosphate-Buffered Saline)や生理食塩水等で適当量に希釈、懸濁したものに所望により通常のアジュバント、例えばフロイント完全アジュバントを適量混合し、乳化後、哺乳動物に4〜21日毎に数回投与する。また、感作抗原免疫時に適当な担体を使用することもできる。このように哺乳動物を免疫し、血清中に所望の抗体レベルが上昇するのを確認した後に、哺乳動物から免疫細胞(例えば、脾臓細胞)を採取し、細胞融合を行うことができる。 The mammal to be immunized with the antigen is not particularly limited, but is preferably selected in consideration of compatibility with the parent cell used for cell fusion, and is generally a rodent animal such as a mouse, Rats, hamsters, birds, rabbits, monkeys, etc. are used. In order to immunize an animal with an antigen, for example, a general method is performed by injecting a sensitizing antigen into a mammal intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. Specifically, the sensitizing antigen is diluted to an appropriate amount with PBS (Phosphate-Buffered Saline), physiological saline or the like, mixed with an appropriate amount of an ordinary adjuvant, for example, Freund's complete adjuvant, if necessary, and emulsified. The mammal is dosed several times every 4-21 days. In addition, an appropriate carrier can be used during immunization with the sensitizing antigen. Thus, after immunizing a mammal and confirming that a desired antibody level rises in serum, immune cells (for example, spleen cells) can be collected from the mammal and cell fusion can be performed.
免疫細胞と融合される細胞として、哺乳動物のミエローマ細胞を用いることができる。ミエローマ細胞は、公知の種々の細胞株、例えば、P3(P3x63Ag8.653)(J. Immnol.(1979)123, 1548-1550)、 P3x63Ag8U.1(Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology(1978)81, 1-7)、 NS-1 (Kohler. G. and Milstein, C. Eur. J. Immunol.(1976)6, 511-519)、MPC-11(Margulies. D.H. et al., Cell(1976)8, 405-415)、SP2/0 (Shulman, M. et al., Nature(1978)276, 269-270)、FO(de St. Groth, S. F. et al., J. Immunol. Methods(1980)35, 1-21)、S194(Trowbridge, I. S. J. Exp. Med.(1978)148, 313-323)、R210(Galfre, G. et al., Nature(1979)277, 131-133)等を使用できる。免疫細胞とミエローマ細胞との細胞融合は、公知の方法(例えば、Kohler. G. and Milstein, C.、Methods Enzymol.(1981)73, 3-46)に準じて行うことができる。細胞融合は、例えばポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、センダイウイルス(HVJ)等を用いて実施できる。上記のようにして得られたハイブリドーマは、例えばHAT培地(ヒポキサンチン、アミノプテリンおよびチミジンを含む培地)などの選択培地で培養することにより選択される。 Mammalian myeloma cells can be used as cells to be fused with immune cells. Myeloma cells are various known cell lines such as P3 (P3x63Ag8.653) (J. Immnol. (1979) 123, 1548-1550), P3x63Ag8U.1 (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology (1978) 81, 1 -7), NS-1 (Kohler. G. and Milstein, C. Eur. J. Immunol. (1976) 6, 511-519), MPC-11 (Margulies. DH et al., Cell (1976) 8, 405-415), SP2 / 0 (Shulman, M. et al., Nature (1978) 276, 269-270), FO (de St. Groth, SF et al., J. Immunol. Methods (1980) 35, 1-21), S194 (Trowbridge, ISJ Exp. Med. (1978) 148, 313-323), R210 (Galfre, G. et al., Nature (1979) 277, 131-133) and the like can be used. Cell fusion between immune cells and myeloma cells can be performed according to a known method (for example, Kohler. G. and Milstein, C., Methods Enzymol. (1981) 73, 3-46). Cell fusion can be performed using, for example, polyethylene glycol (PEG), Sendai virus (HVJ), or the like. The hybridoma obtained as described above is selected by culturing in a selective medium such as HAT medium (medium containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin and thymidine).
続いて、ELISAアッセイ、ウエスタンブロット分析、ラジオイムノアッセイ等の当該技術分野においてよく知られる方法を用いて、NK4を認識する抗体を産生するハイブリドーマ細胞を選択することができる。本発明の抗体を産生するハイブリドーマは、限界希釈法等によりクローニングすることができる。所望の抗体を分泌するハイブリドーマをクローニングし、適切な条件下で培養し、分泌された抗体を回収し、当該技術分野においてよく知られる方法、例えばイオン交換カラム、アフィニティークロマトグラフィー等を用いて精製することができる。 Subsequently, hybridoma cells producing an antibody recognizing NK4 can be selected using methods well known in the art such as ELISA assay, Western blot analysis, radioimmunoassay and the like. The hybridoma producing the antibody of the present invention can be cloned by a limiting dilution method or the like. A hybridoma that secretes the desired antibody is cloned, cultured under appropriate conditions, and the secreted antibody is recovered and purified using methods well known in the art, such as ion exchange columns, affinity chromatography, and the like. be able to.
本発明では、モノクローナル抗体として、抗体遺伝子をハイブリドーマからクローニングし、適当なベクターに組み込んで、これを宿主に導入し、遺伝子組換え技術を用いて産生させた組換え型のものを用いることもできる。具体的には、抗NK4抗体を産生するハイブリドーマから、抗NK4抗体の可変(V)領域をコードするmRNAを単離する。得られたmRNAから逆転写酵素を用いて抗体V領域のcDNAを合成する。得られたcDNAを精製し、ベクターDNAと連結する。さらに、これより組換えベクターを作製し、大腸菌等に導入してコロニーを選択して所望の組換えベクターを調製する。そして、目的とするDNAの塩基配列を確認する。目的とする抗NK4抗体のV領域をコードするDNAをそれぞれ得たのち、これを、所望の抗体定常領域(C領域)をコードするDNAを含有する発現ベクターへ組み込む。本発明の抗NK4抗体を製造するには、抗体遺伝子を発現制御領域、例えば、エンハンサー、プロモーターの制御のもとで発現するよう発現ベクターに組み込む。次に、この発現ベクターにより、宿主細胞を形質転換し、抗体を発現させる。また、組換え型抗体の産生には上記宿主細胞だけではなく、トランスジェニック動物を使用することもできる。 In the present invention, as a monoclonal antibody, an antibody gene cloned from a hybridoma, incorporated into an appropriate vector, introduced into a host, and a recombinant type produced using gene recombination technology can be used. . Specifically, mRNA encoding the variable (V) region of the anti-NK4 antibody is isolated from the hybridoma producing the anti-NK4 antibody. Antibody V region cDNA is synthesized from the obtained mRNA using reverse transcriptase. The resulting cDNA is purified and ligated with vector DNA. Further, a recombinant vector is prepared from this, introduced into Escherichia coli, etc., and colonies are selected to prepare a desired recombinant vector. Then, the base sequence of the target DNA is confirmed. After obtaining the DNA encoding the V region of the desired anti-NK4 antibody, it is incorporated into an expression vector containing DNA encoding the desired antibody constant region (C region). In order to produce the anti-NK4 antibody of the present invention, an antibody gene is incorporated into an expression vector so as to be expressed under the control of an expression control region such as an enhancer or promoter. Next, host cells are transformed with this expression vector to express the antibody. In addition, not only the host cells but also transgenic animals can be used for the production of recombinant antibodies.
本発明のモノクローナル抗体は、ハイブリドーマにより産生される抗体、および遺伝子工学的手法により抗体遺伝子を含む発現ベクターで形質転換した宿主に産生される抗体のいずれでもよい。本発明の抗体の種類は特に制限されず、マウス抗体、ヒト抗体、ラット抗体、ウサギ抗体、ヒツジ抗体、ラクダ抗体、トリ抗体等や、ヒトに対する異種抗原性を低下させること等を目的として人為的に改変した遺伝子組換え型抗体 、例えば、キメラ抗体 、ヒト化抗体等の何れでもよい。遺伝子組換え型抗体 は、既知の方法を用いて製造することができる。キメラ抗体は、ヒト以外の哺乳動物、例えば、マウス抗体の重鎖、軽鎖の可変領域とヒト抗体の重鎖、軽鎖の定常領域からなる抗体 であり、マウス抗体の可変領域をコードするDNAをヒト抗体 の定常領域をコードするDNAと連結し、これを発現ベクターに組み込んで宿主に導入し産生させることにより得ることができる。ヒト化抗体は、ヒト以外の哺乳動物、たとえばマウス抗体の相補性決定領域(CDR)をヒト抗体 の相補性決定領域へ移植したものであり、その一般的な遺伝子組換え手法も知られている。具体的には、マウス抗体 のCDRとヒト抗体 のフレームワーク領域(framework region;FR)を連結するように設計したDNA配列を、末端部にオーバーラップする部分を有するように作製した数個のオリゴヌクレオチドからPCR法により合成する。得られたDNAをヒト抗体 定常領域をコードするDNAと連結し、次いで発現ベクターに組み込んで、これを宿主に導入し産生させることにより得られる。 The monoclonal antibody of the present invention may be either an antibody produced by a hybridoma or an antibody produced by a host transformed with an expression vector containing an antibody gene by genetic engineering techniques. The type of the antibody of the present invention is not particularly limited, and it is artificial for the purpose of reducing the foreign antigenicity against humans such as mouse antibody, human antibody, rat antibody, rabbit antibody, sheep antibody, camel antibody, avian antibody, etc. Recombinant genetically modified antibodies such as chimeric antibodies and humanized antibodies may be used. The recombinant antibody can be produced using a known method. A chimeric antibody is an antibody comprising a heavy chain and light chain variable region of a non-human mammal, for example, a mouse antibody, and a human antibody heavy chain and light chain constant region. Can be obtained by linking to a DNA encoding the constant region of a human antibody, incorporating it into an expression vector, introducing it into a host, and producing it. A humanized antibody is obtained by transplanting the complementarity determining region (CDR) of a mammal other than a human, for example, a mouse antibody, to the complementarity determining region of a human antibody, and its general genetic recombination technique is also known. . Specifically, several oligo oligonucleotides were prepared so that a DNA sequence designed to link CDRs of a mouse antibody and a framework region (FR) of a human antibody had an overlapping portion at the end. It is synthesized from nucleotides by PCR. The obtained DNA is obtained by ligating with DNA encoding the constant region of a human antibody, then incorporating it into an expression vector, introducing it into a host and producing it.
また、ヒト抗体の取得方法も知られている。例えば、ヒトリンパ球をin vitroで所望の抗原または所望の抗原を発現する細胞で感作し、感作リンパ球をヒトミエローマ細胞、例えばU266と融合させ、抗原への結合活性を有する所望のヒト抗体 を得ることもできる(特公平1-59878参照)。また、ヒト抗体 遺伝子の全てのレパートリーを有するトランスジェニック動物を所望の抗原で免疫することで所望のヒト抗体 を取得することができる。さらに、ヒト抗体 ライブラリーを用いて、パンニングによりヒト抗体 を取得する技術も知られている。例えば、ヒト抗体 の可変領域を一本鎖抗体 (scFv)としてファージディスプレイ法によりファージの表面に発現させ、抗原に結合するファージを選択することができる。選択されたファージの遺伝子を解析すれば、抗原に結合するヒト抗体 の可変領域をコードするDNA配列を決定することができる。抗原に結合するscFvのDNA配列が明らかになれば、当該配列を適当な発現ベクターを作製し、ヒト抗体 を取得することができる。これらの方法は既に周知である。 A method for obtaining a human antibody is also known. For example, human lymphocytes are sensitized with a desired antigen or a cell that expresses the desired antigen in vitro, and the sensitized lymphocyte is fused with a human myeloma cell such as U266, and the desired human antibody having an activity to bind to the antigen. (See Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-59878). In addition, a desired human antibody can be obtained by immunizing a transgenic animal having all repertoires of human antibody genes with a desired antigen. Furthermore, a technique for obtaining a human antibody by panning using a human antibody library is also known. For example, the variable region of a human antibody is expressed as a single chain antibody (scFv) on the surface of the phage by the phage display method, and a phage that binds to the antigen can be selected. By analyzing the gene of the selected phage, the DNA sequence encoding the variable region of the human antibody that binds to the antigen can be determined. If the DNA sequence of scFv that binds to the antigen is clarified, an appropriate expression vector can be prepared from the sequence and a human antibody can be obtained. These methods are already well known.
また、本発明のモノクローナル抗体 は、NK4と特異的に反応し、HGFとは反応しないという特性を失わない限り、抗体断片(フラグメント)等の低分子化抗体 や抗体の修飾物などであってもよい。抗体断片の具体例としては、例えば、Fab、Fab'、F(ab')2、Fv、Diabodyなどを挙げることができる。このような抗体断片を得るには、これら抗体断片をコードする遺伝子を構築し、これを発現ベクターに導入した後、適当な宿主細胞で発現させればよい。抗体の修飾物として、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)等の各種分子と結合した抗体 を使用することもできる。 Further, the monoclonal antibody of the present invention may be a low molecular weight antibody such as an antibody fragment (fragment) or a modified antibody, so long as it does not lose the property of reacting specifically with NK4 and not reacting with HGF. Good. Specific examples of the antibody fragment include Fab, Fab ′, F (ab ′) 2, Fv, Diabody and the like. In order to obtain such antibody fragments, genes encoding these antibody fragments are constructed, introduced into an expression vector, and then expressed in an appropriate host cell. As a modified antibody, an antibody conjugated with various molecules such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) can also be used.
NK4の検出方法は、本発明の抗NK4抗体を用いた免疫学的方法により行うことができる。免疫学的方法としては、例えば、ラジオイムノアッセイ、エンザイムイムノアッセイ、蛍光イムノアッセイ、発光イムノアッセイ、免疫沈降法、免疫比濁法、ウエスタンブロット、免疫染色、免疫拡散法、イムノクロマトグラフィー法などを挙げることができるが、好ましくはエンザイムイムノアッセイであり、特に好ましいのはELISA(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)(例えば、サンドイッチELISA)である。ELISAなどの上述した免疫学的方法は当業者に公知の方法により行うことが可能である。一般的な検出方法としては、例えば、抗NK4抗体を担体に固定し、ここにNK4を含む被検試料を加え、インキュベートを行い、抗NK4抗体とNK4タンパク質を結合させた後、洗浄し、NK4を特異的に認識する抗体を介して担体に結合したNK4タンパク質を検出することにより、被検試料中のNK4タンパク質の検出を行うことができる。本発明で用いる担体としては、例えば、アガロース、セルロースなどの不溶性の多糖類、シリコン樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリアクリルアミド樹脂、ナイロン樹脂、ポリカーボネイト樹脂などの合成樹脂や、ガラス、フェライトなどの不溶性の支持体を挙げることができる。担体は、好ましくはプレート(96穴マルチウェルプレート等)である。 The detection method of NK4 can be performed by an immunological method using the anti-NK4 antibody of the present invention. Examples of the immunological method include radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, fluorescent immunoassay, luminescence immunoassay, immunoprecipitation method, immunoturbidimetric method, Western blot, immunostaining, immunodiffusion method, immunochromatography method and the like. An enzyme immunoassay is preferable, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (for example, a sandwich ELISA) is particularly preferable. The above-described immunological methods such as ELISA can be performed by methods known to those skilled in the art. As a general detection method, for example, an anti-NK4 antibody is immobilized on a carrier, a test sample containing NK4 is added thereto, incubation is performed, the anti-NK4 antibody and the NK4 protein are bound, washed, and NK4 By detecting the NK4 protein bound to the carrier via an antibody that specifically recognizes NK4, the NK4 protein in the test sample can be detected. Examples of the carrier used in the present invention include insoluble polysaccharides such as agarose and cellulose, synthetic resins such as silicon resin, polystyrene resin, polyacrylamide resin, nylon resin and polycarbonate resin, and insoluble supports such as glass and ferrite. Can be mentioned. The carrier is preferably a plate (such as a 96-well multiwell plate).
抗NK4抗体とNK4タンパク質との結合は、緩衝液中で行うことができる。緩衝液としては、例えば、リン酸緩衝液、Tris緩衝液、クエン酸緩衝液、ホウ酸塩緩衝液、炭酸塩緩衝液などが使用される。また、インキュベーションの条件としては、すでによく用いられている条件、例えば、4℃〜37℃にて1時間〜24時間のインキュベーションが行われる。インキュベート後の洗浄は、例えば、Tween 20等の界面活性剤を含む緩衝液などを用いて行うことができる。
The binding between the anti-NK4 antibody and the NK4 protein can be performed in a buffer solution. As the buffer solution, for example, phosphate buffer solution, Tris buffer solution, citrate buffer solution, borate buffer solution, carbonate buffer solution and the like are used. Incubation is performed under conditions that are already well used, for example, incubation at 4 ° C. to 37 ° C. for 1 hour to 24 hours. Washing after the incubation can be performed using, for example, a buffer containing a surfactant such as
本発明の抗NK4抗体を介して担体に結合したNK4タンパク質を検出するためには、標識物質で標識されたNK4を特異的に認識する抗体を用いる方法を挙げることができる。例えば、担体に固定された抗NK4抗体に被検試料を接触させ、洗浄後に、NK4タンパク質を特異的に認識する標識抗体を用いて検出することができる。 In order to detect the NK4 protein bound to the carrier via the anti-NK4 antibody of the present invention, a method using an antibody that specifically recognizes NK4 labeled with a labeling substance can be mentioned. For example, the test sample can be contacted with an anti-NK4 antibody immobilized on a carrier, and after washing, detection can be performed using a labeled antibody that specifically recognizes the NK4 protein.
NK4を特異的に認識する抗体の標識は常法により行うことができる。標識物質としては、蛍光色素、酵素、補酵素、化学発光物質、放射性物質などを用いることが可能であり、具体的な例としては、ラジオアイソトープ(32P、14C、125I、3H、131Iなど)、フルオレセイン、ローダミン、ダンシルクロリド、ウンベリフェロン、ルシフェラーゼ、ペルオキシダーゼ、アルカリホスファターゼ、β-ガラクトシダーゼ、β-グルコシダーゼ、ホースラディッシュパーオキシダーゼ、グルコアミラーゼ、リゾチーム、サッカリドオキシダーゼ、マイクロペルオキシダーゼ、ビオチン、ルテニウムなどを挙げることができる。標識物質としてビオチンを用いる場合には、ビオチン標識抗体を添加後に、ペルオキシダーゼなどの酵素を結合させたストレプトアビジンをさらに添加することが好ましい。標識物質とNK4を特異的に認識する抗体との結合には、グルタルアルデヒド法、マレイミド法、ピリジルジスルフィド法、過ヨウ素酸法、などの公知の方法を用いることができる。The antibody that specifically recognizes NK4 can be labeled by a conventional method. As the labeling substance, fluorescent dyes, enzymes, coenzymes, chemiluminescent substances, radioactive substances, etc. can be used. Specific examples include radioisotopes ( 32 P, 14 C, 125 I, 3 H, 131 I), fluorescein, rhodamine, dansyl chloride, umbelliferone, luciferase, peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, horseradish peroxidase, glucoamylase, lysozyme, saccharide oxidase, microperoxidase, biotin, ruthenium And so on. When biotin is used as the labeling substance, it is preferable to further add streptavidin to which an enzyme such as peroxidase is bound after adding the biotin-labeled antibody. Known methods such as the glutaraldehyde method, the maleimide method, the pyridyl disulfide method, and the periodic acid method can be used for the binding between the labeling substance and the antibody that specifically recognizes NK4.
具体的には、抗NK4抗体を含む溶液をプレートなどの担体に加え、抗NK4抗体を担体に固定する。担体を洗浄後、被検試料を担体に加える。インキュベートの後、洗浄し、標識されたNK4を特異的に認識する抗体を加える。適度なインキュベーションの後、担体を洗浄し、担体に残った標識されたNK4を特異的に認識する抗体を検出する。検出は、例えば、放射性物質による標識の場合には液体シンチレーションやRIA法により検出することができる。酵素による標識の場合には基質を加え、基質の酵素的変化、例えば発色を吸光度計により検出することができる。基質の具体的な例としては、2,2−アジノビス(3−エチルベンゾチアゾリン−6−スルホン酸)ジアンモニウム塩(ABTS)、1,2−フェニレンジアミン(オルソ−フェニレンジアミン)、3,3',5,5'−テトラメチルベンチジン(TMB)などを挙げることができる。蛍光物質または化学発光物質の場合にはルミノメーターにより検出することができる。 Specifically, a solution containing an anti-NK4 antibody is added to a carrier such as a plate, and the anti-NK4 antibody is fixed to the carrier. After washing the carrier, the test sample is added to the carrier. After incubation, washing and adding an antibody that specifically recognizes labeled NK4. After appropriate incubation, the support is washed and antibodies that specifically recognize the labeled NK4 remaining on the support are detected. For example, in the case of labeling with a radioactive substance, detection can be performed by liquid scintillation or RIA. In the case of labeling with an enzyme, a substrate is added, and an enzymatic change of the substrate, for example, color development can be detected with an absorptiometer. Specific examples of the substrate include 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 1,2-phenylenediamine (ortho-phenylenediamine), 3,3 ′ , 5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and the like. In the case of a fluorescent substance or a chemiluminescent substance, it can be detected by a luminometer.
本発明によれば、被検試料中のNK4タンパク質を検出するための診断薬またはキットも提供される。なお、本発明におけるNK4の検出とは、NK4の存在の検出のみならず、NK4の測定又は定量を含む意味を有するものとする。診断薬またはキットは、少なくとも、本発明の抗NK4抗体を含む。診断薬またはキットがELISA法等のEIA法に基づく場合は、抗体を固相化する担体を含んでいてもよく、抗体があらかじめ担体に結合していてもよい。また、キットは、適宜、ブロッキング溶液、反応溶液、反応停止液、試料を処理するための試薬等を含んでいてもよい。 According to the present invention, a diagnostic agent or kit for detecting NK4 protein in a test sample is also provided. In addition, the detection of NK4 in the present invention has a meaning including not only the detection of the presence of NK4 but also the measurement or quantification of NK4. The diagnostic agent or kit contains at least the anti-NK4 antibody of the present invention. When the diagnostic agent or kit is based on an EIA method such as an ELISA method, it may contain a carrier for immobilizing the antibody, and the antibody may be bound to the carrier in advance. In addition, the kit may appropriately contain a blocking solution, a reaction solution, a reaction stop solution, a reagent for treating the sample, and the like.
以下に実施例により本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
実施例1:原料の調製
(1)免疫原の調製
(1−1) NK4で特異的に露出しているC末端部分のペプチドを合成し、抗原性を持たせるためにキャリアタンパクにコンジュゲートした。ペプチドは以下の2種類を作製し免疫原性を強めるために自由度を持たせるよう工夫して合成ペプチド1はスペーサーを付け、合成ペプチド2は実際の構造に近い形になるようにキャリア蛋白に結合させた。その方法は以下のとおりである。Example 1: Preparation of raw materials (1) Preparation of immunogen (1-1) A peptide at the C-terminal part specifically exposed to NK4 was synthesized and conjugated to a carrier protein to have antigenicity. . The following two types of peptides are prepared and devised to give freedom to enhance immunogenicity.
(1−2) 合成ペプチドの作製
合成ペプチド1;Cys-[NH(CH2CH2O)2-CH2CO]2-Glu-Gly-Asp-Thr-Thr-Pro-Thr-Ile-Val ([NH(CH2CH2O)2-CH2CO]2はスペーサー)(NK4 C末端アミノ酸10残基)
合成ペプチド2;Pro-Ile-Ser-Arg-Cys-Glu-Gly-Asp-Thr-Thr-Pro-Thr-Ile-Val(NK4 C末端アミノ酸14残基)(1-2) Preparation synthetic peptides synthetic peptides 1; Cys- [NH (CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 -
(3)合成ペプチド-コンジュゲート免疫原の作製
MBS(m-マレイミドベンゾイル-N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミドエステル)法にてキャリア蛋白(スカシガイヘモシアニン/Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin(KLH);CALBIOCHEM、374817)へ合成ペプチドをアミノ酸システイン(「C」)のチオール(-SH)基を利用して結合させる。(3) Preparation of synthetic peptide-conjugate immunogen
Synthesis of peptide to carrier protein (Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH); CALBIOCHEM, 374817) by MBS (m-maleimidobenzoyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) method Thiol (-SH) of amino acid cysteine ("C") ) Group is used for bonding.
実施例2:抗体作製
(1)リコンビナントNK4を抗原としての抗体作製の試み(比較例)
リコンビナントNK4(rNK4;特許第3832674号に記載)と完全フロイントアジュバント(DIFCO、263810)のエマルジョン液を免疫原投与量100μg/匹で6週令のBALB/cマウスの腹腔内に接種した。追加で、3回の免疫を行った。得られた抗体はいずれもNK4及びHGF両者に反応し、NK4のみに特異的に反応する抗体を得ることができなかった。Example 2: Antibody production (1) Trial of antibody production using recombinant NK4 as an antigen (comparative example)
An emulsion solution of recombinant NK4 (rNK4; described in Japanese Patent No. 3823675) and complete Freund's adjuvant (DIFCO, 263810) was inoculated intraperitoneally into 6 week-old BALB / c mice at an immunogen dose of 100 μg / mouse. In addition, three immunizations were performed. All of the obtained antibodies reacted with both NK4 and HGF, and an antibody that specifically reacts only with NK4 could not be obtained.
(2)ヒトHGF寛容状態でのNK4免疫による抗体作製の試み(比較例)
生後24時間以内にHGFを皮下注射し、生後6週目にNK4を免疫し、マウスのHGF免疫寛容状態としてNK4のみに特異的に反応し、HGFに反応しない抗体を作製することを試みた。しかし、免疫寛容な状態を作ることができなかった。(2) Trial of antibody production by NK4 immunization in human HGF tolerance state (comparative example)
HGF was injected subcutaneously within 24 hours after birth, and NK4 was immunized at 6 weeks of age, and an attempt was made to produce an antibody that reacts specifically with NK4 alone and does not react with HGF as the HGF immune tolerance state of mice. However, it was not possible to create an immune tolerance state.
(3)合成ペプチド1(スペーサーなし)を抗原としての抗体作製の試み(比較例)
スペーサーを付けない合成ペプチド1をKLHにコンジュゲートさせたものと完全フロイントアジュバント(DIFCO、263810)のエマルジョン液を免疫原投与量100μg/匹で6週令のBALB/cマウスの腹腔内に接種した。追加で、3回の免疫を行った。NK4のみに反応してHGFに反応しない抗体をセレクトしたが、反応が弱くELISAに使用できる抗体を得ることができなかった。(3) Trial of antibody production using synthetic peptide 1 (no spacer) as an antigen (comparative example)
(4)合成ペプチドを抗原としての抗体作製(比較例)
(4−1)マウスへの抗原免疫
初回免疫:等容量のKLHコンジュゲート合成ペプチド1もしくは2と完全フロイントアジュバント(DIFCO、263810)のエマルジョン液を免疫原投与量100μg/匹で6週令のBALB/cマウスの腹腔内に接種した。
2回目および3回目免疫:初回免疫から2週間隔で追加免疫を3回まで実施した。方法は等容量のKLHコンジュゲート-合成ペプチドと不完全フロイントアジュバント(DIFCO、263910)のエマルジョン液を免疫原投与量100μg/匹で腹腔内に接種することにより行った。
最終免疫:3回目免疫の2週間後に同じ合成ペプチドを50μg/匹で尻尾の静脈へ接種した。(4) Preparation of antibody using synthetic peptide as antigen (comparative example)
(4-1) Antigen immunization to mice Initial immunization: Emulsions of equal volumes of KLH-conjugated
Second and third immunizations: Booster immunizations were performed up to 3 times at 2-week intervals from the first immunization. The method was performed by inoculating intraperitoneally with an equal volume of KLH conjugate-synthetic peptide and incomplete Freund's adjuvant (DIFCO, 263910) emulsion at an immunogen dose of 100 μg / animal.
Final immunization: Two weeks after the third immunization, the same synthetic peptide was inoculated into the tail vein at 50 μg / mouse.
(4−2)細胞融合
最終免疫から3日後のマウスから脾臓を摘出し、脾臓細胞液を調製した。マウス骨髄腫細胞、NS-1(DSファーマバイオメディカル、85011427)と脾臓細胞をポリエチレングリコール1500(Roche Diagnostics GmbH、10783641001)を使用し、KoehlerとMilsteinらの方法(Koehler, G. et al. Nature vol.256, 495-497,1975)に準じて細胞融合を実施した。融合細胞を選択するために、仔ウシ血清を含むHAT(H.A.T.SUPPLEMENT(50X);GIBCO invitrogen cell culture、21060)選択培地添加によりセレクションを行なった。(4-2) Cell fusion The spleen was extracted from a
(4−3)1stスクリーニング/ELISAによる反応性評価
融合細胞を播種した96穴プレートに対し、それぞれrNK4およびリコンビナント-ヒトHGF(rヒトHGF;特殊免疫研究所、6R71)を96穴アッセイプレート(Corning Incorporated、costar 2959)にウェルあたり50μLずつ分注し、4℃にて一晩置き、固相化した。細胞融合後のセレクトされた培養上清を40 vol%ブロックエース(大日本住友製薬、UK-B40)を含む10mMトリス緩衝液(pH 7.5)(40%BA-TBS)にて希釈して、培養上清サンプルとした。培養上清サンプルを50μLずつそれぞれの固相プレートに添加し、二次抗体としてペルオキシダーゼ標識抗マウスIgG羊アフィニティー精製抗体(MP Biomedicals, cappel 55569)およびペルオキシダーゼ標識抗マウスIgM羊アフィニティー精製抗体(MP Biomedicals, cappel 55568)を10 vol%ブロックエース(大日本住友製薬、UK-B40)を含む10mMトリス緩衝液(pH 7.5)(10%BA-TBS)に混合希釈した液、さらに酵素基質液(TMB;ScyTek Laboratories、TM4999)を用いてELISAを実施し、450nmの吸光度をマイクロプレートリーダーで測定した。rNK4固相プレートに反応し、rヒトHGF固相プレートには反応しないサンプルを陽性判定とし、反応性を評価したが、陽性と判定される抗体は得られなかった。(4-3) Reactivity Evaluation by 1st Screening / ELISA For 96-well plates seeded with fused cells, rNK4 and recombinant-human HGF (r-human HGF; Special Immunology Laboratory, 6R71) were each added to a 96-well assay plate (Corning Incorporated, costar 2959) was dispensed at 50 μL per well and allowed to stand overnight at 4 ° C. for immobilization. The selected culture supernatant after cell fusion is diluted with 10 mM Tris buffer (pH 7.5) (40% BA-TBS) containing 40 vol% Block Ace (Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, UK-B40) and cultured. A supernatant sample was used. 50 μL of the culture supernatant sample was added to each solid phase plate. Peroxidase-labeled anti-mouse IgG sheep affinity purified antibody (MP Biomedicals, cappel 55569) and peroxidase-labeled anti-mouse IgM sheep affinity purified antibody (MP Biomedicals, cappel 55568) mixed and diluted with 10 mM Tris buffer (pH 7.5) (10% BA-TBS) containing 10 vol% Block Ace (Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, UK-B40), and enzyme substrate solution (TMB; ScyTek) ELISA was performed using Laboratories, TM4999), and absorbance at 450 nm was measured with a microplate reader. A sample that reacted with the rNK4 solid phase plate but did not react with the r human HGF solid phase plate was determined to be positive, and the reactivity was evaluated, but an antibody that was determined to be positive was not obtained.
(5)合成ペプチド及びリコンビナントNK4を抗原としての抗体作製(参考例)
(5−1)マウスへの抗原免疫
初回免疫:等容量のKLHコンジュゲート合成ペプチドと完全フロイントアジュバント(DIFCO、263810)のエマルジョン液を免疫原投与量100μg/匹で6週令のBALB/cマウスの腹腔内に接種した。
2回目および3回目免疫:初回免疫から2週間隔で追加免疫を3回まで実施した。追加免疫は、実施例2の(4−1)の「2回目及び3回目免疫」に記載の方法により行った。
最終免疫:3回目免疫の2週間後にrNK4を50μg/匹で尻尾の静脈へ接種した。(5) Preparation of antibody using synthetic peptide and recombinant NK4 as antigen (reference example)
(5-1) Antigen immunization to mice Initial immunization: BALB / c mice at 6 weeks of age with an immunogen dose of 100 μg / mouse containing an equal volume of KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide and complete Freund's adjuvant (DIFCO, 263810) emulsion Inoculated intraperitoneally.
Second and third immunizations: Booster immunizations were performed up to 3 times at 2-week intervals from the first immunization. The booster immunization was performed according to the method described in “Second and third immunization” of Example 4 (4-1).
Final immunization: Two weeks after the third immunization, rNK4 was inoculated into the tail vein at 50 μg / mouse.
(5−2)細胞融合
実施例2の(4−2)の細胞融合方法と同じ方法によりセレクションを行なった。(5-2) Cell fusion Selection was carried out by the same method as the cell fusion method of Example 4 (4-2).
(5−3)1stスクリーニング
実施例2の(4−3)の1stスクリーニングと同じ方法により反応性を評価し、陽性判定とされた30サンプルについて、2ndスクリーニングを行った。(5-3) 1st screening The reactivity was evaluated by the same method as the 1st screening in Example 4 (4-3), and 2nd screening was performed on 30 samples judged positive.
(5−4)2ndスクリーニング
rNK4およびrヒトHGFの固相プレートの他、合成ペプチド2種(濃度;5μg/mL-10mM リン酸緩衝液pH6.0)をそれぞれ固相化したプレート、および非特異的反応の確認として固相液を入れないプレートの計5種類のアッセイ用プレートを使用した。培養上清を40%BA-TBSにて希釈した培養上清サンプルについて、実施例2の(4−3)の1stスクリーニングと同じ方法でアッセイを行った。rNK4固相プレートへ反応し、rヒトHGF固相プレートには反応しないサンプルを陽性判定とし、合成ペプチドへの反応も確認した。合成ペプチドへの反応が強く、かつrヒトHGFへのシグナルに対するrNK4へのシグナルの比の良いものをセレクトし、合成ペプチド1からは6個、合成ペプチド2からは5個についてクローニング対象とした。(5-4) 2nd screening In addition to the solid phase plate of rNK4 and r human HGF, two types of synthetic peptides (concentration: 5 μg / mL-10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.0), respectively, and a non-specific plate As a confirmation of the reaction, a total of five types of assay plates were used, including no solid phase solution. The culture supernatant sample obtained by diluting the culture supernatant with 40% BA-TBS was assayed in the same manner as the 1st screening in Example 4 (4-3). A sample that reacted to the rNK4 solid phase plate but did not react to the r human HGF solid phase plate was determined as positive, and the reaction to the synthetic peptide was also confirmed. Those having a strong response to the synthetic peptide and having a good ratio of the signal to rNK4 to the signal to r human HGF were selected, and 6 from
(5−5)クローン化
限界希釈法によるクローニングにより、以下の方法で実施した。4〜6週令のマウスから胸腺を摘出し、1 x 107cells/mL濃度の胸腺細胞培養液を調製し、クローニング用培養液として使用する。96穴プレート1ウェルに対して、抗体産生細胞を0.1、0.3、1、3個の濃度に、それぞれ24ウェルずつ撒き込む。合成ペプチド2種をそれぞれに固相したプレートを用意し、実施例2の(4−3)の1stスクリーニングと同様のアッセイより、1コロニーからなるウェルにおいて抗体産生が確認されたウェルを選別する。合成ペプチド1では6サンプルのクローニングから2個を、合成ペプチド2では5サンプルから3個のクローンを樹立した。樹立した細胞をプリスタン処理(2,6,10,14-テトラメチルペンタデカン0.5 mL/匹を腹腔内投与し、1〜2週間飼育する。)したマウス2匹の腹腔内へ投与して腹水化し、得られた腹水を硫酸アンモニウムによる塩析法にて精製し、抗体の評価を行なった。得られた抗rNK4-モノクローナル抗体をプレートに固相し、ペルオキシダーゼ標識抗ヒトHGFモノクローナル抗体とのサンドウィッチ系(特殊免疫研究所、1EH1:イムニスHGF EIAの構成試薬を使用)にてrNK4およびrヒトHGFの検出を比較したところ、ヒトHGFは全く検出せずNK4を特異的に検出できたものの、反応が弱くELISAに使用できる抗体を得ることができなかった。(5-5) Cloning The cloning was performed by the limiting dilution method, and the following method was used. The thymus is removed from a 4-6 week old mouse, and a 1 × 10 7 cells / mL thymocyte culture is prepared and used as a culture for cloning. For each well of a 96-well plate, inoculate antibody-producing cells at a concentration of 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3 in 24 wells. A plate having two kinds of synthetic peptides on each solid phase is prepared, and a well in which antibody production is confirmed in a well consisting of one colony is selected by the same assay as the first screening in Example 4 (4-3). For
(6)合成ペプチドを抗原としての抗体作製
(6−1)マウスへの抗原免疫
初回免疫:等容量のKLHコンジュゲート合成ペプチド1あるいは2と完全フロイントアジュバント(DIFCO、263810)のエマルジョン液を免疫原投与量100μg/匹で6週令のBALB/cマウスの腹腔内に接種した。
2回目および3回目免疫:初回免疫から2週間隔で追加免疫を3回まで実施した。追加免疫は実施例2の(4−1)の「2回目および3回目免疫」に記載の方法により行った。
最終免疫:3回目免疫の2週間後に同じ合成ペプチドを50μg/匹で尻尾の静脈へ接種した。(6) Preparation of antibody using synthetic peptide as antigen (6-1) Antigen immunization to mouse: Immunization with an equal volume of emulsion of KLH conjugate
Second and third immunizations: Booster immunizations were performed up to 3 times at 2-week intervals from the first immunization. The booster immunization was performed according to the method described in “Second and third immunizations” in Example 4 (4-1).
Final immunization: Two weeks after the third immunization, the same synthetic peptide was inoculated into the tail vein at 50 μg / mouse.
(6−2)1stスクリーニング
実施例2の(4−3)の1stスクリーニングと同じ方法により反応性を評価し、陽性判定とされたサンプルについて、2ndスクリーニングを行った。(6-2) 1st screening The reactivity was evaluated by the same method as the 1st screening of (4-3) of Example 2, and the 2nd screening was performed for the samples determined to be positive.
(6−3)2ndスクリーニング
中村らによりクローニングされたヒトHGF cDNA 2.3kb(BBRC Vol.172, No.1, 321-327, 1990)をデハイドロフォーレトレダクダーゼ(DHFR)およびネオマイシン(Nmr)を組み込んだベクター(pNOW)のサイトメガロウィルス(CMV)プロモーターの下流に挿入し、ヒト HGF cDNA発現ベクターを構築した。そのヒト HGF cDNA発現ベクターをリポフェクチンにてチャイニーズハムスター(CHO)細胞にトランスフェクションした。形質転換した細胞をG418耐性により選別し、続いてメトレキセート(MTX)により遺伝子増幅した。ヒトHGF高産生株について、CHO-S-SFM II培地(GIBCO社製、22052-039)中で、37℃、24時間培養し、発現されたヒトHGFを含む培養上清を得た。(6-3) 2nd screening Human HGF cDNA 2.3 kb (BBRC Vol.172, No.1, 321-327, 1990) cloned by Nakamura et al. Was dehydroforetreductase (DHFR) and neomycin (Nmr) The inserted vector (pNOW) was inserted downstream of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter to construct a human HGF cDNA expression vector. The human HGF cDNA expression vector was transfected into Chinese hamster (CHO) cells with lipofectin. Transformed cells were selected by G418 resistance, followed by gene amplification with metrexate (MTX). The human HGF high-producing strain was cultured in CHO-S-SFM II medium (GIBCO, 22052-039) at 37 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain a culture supernatant containing the expressed human HGF.
ヒトHGFを含む培養上清を東尾らの方法(Higashio et al. BBRC Vol. 170, 397-404, 1990)を若干改変した方法で、SP Sepharose Fast Flow(GE ヘルスケア社製、17-0729-01)、HiTrap Heparin カラム(GE ヘルスケア社製、17-407-01)による2段階のクロマト精製を行ない、SDS-PAGEで単一な精製ヒトHGFを得た。 SP Sepharose Fast Flow (manufactured by GE Healthcare, 17-0729-) was prepared by slightly modifying the culture supernatant containing human HGF by the method of Higashio et al. BBRC Vol. 170, 397-404, 1990. 01), two-step chromatographic purification using HiTrap Heparin column (GE Healthcare, 17-407-01) was performed, and single purified human HGF was obtained by SDS-PAGE.
上記ヒトHGF抗原を、ウサギ1羽に対して100μgを完全フロイントアジュバントとのエマルジョン液を作製し、背中の皮下約10カ所へ100μLずつ、2週間隔で4回繰り返し投与し、最終免疫から1週間後に抗血清を得た。
得られた抗血清からヒトHGFに対するポリクローナル抗体をProteinG affinity カラム(GE ヘルスケア社製、17-0404-03)を用いて精製した。Prepare 100 µg of the above human HGF antigen for 100 rabbits per rabbit, and administer 100 µL subcutaneously at approximately 10 sites on the
A polyclonal antibody against human HGF was purified from the obtained antiserum using a Protein G affinity column (GE Healthcare, 17-0404-03).
抗ヒトHGFウサギポリクローナル抗体生理的食塩水溶液(20μg/mL)をアッセイプレートに50μLずつ分注し4℃にて一晩固相化し、40%BA-TBSにてブロッキング処理した。プレートを洗浄後、rNK4あるいはrヒトHGFを1 ng/mLで含む40%BA-TBSを50μLずつウェルに分注し、室温で1時間反応させたものをrNK4あるいはrヒトHGF固相プレートとした。また、合成ペプチド2種の固相プレートと固相なしのプレートも準備した。 Anti-human HGF rabbit polyclonal antibody physiological saline solution (20 μg / mL) was dispensed in an amount of 50 μL onto an assay plate, solidified overnight at 4 ° C., and blocked with 40% BA-TBS. After washing the plate, 50 μL of 40% BA-TBS containing 1 ng / mL of rNK4 or rhuman HGF was dispensed into each well and reacted at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain an rNK4 or rhuman HGF solid phase plate. . In addition, a solid phase plate of two kinds of synthetic peptides and a plate without a solid phase were prepared.
培養上清を40%BA-TBSにて希釈した培養上清サンプルについて、実施例2の(4−3)の1stスクリーニングと同じ方法でアッセイを行った。 The culture supernatant sample obtained by diluting the culture supernatant with 40% BA-TBS was assayed in the same manner as the 1st screening in Example 4 (4-3).
rNK4固相プレートへ反応し、rヒトHGF固相プレートには反応しないサンプルを陽性判定とし、合成ペプチドへの反応も確認した。合成ペプチドへの反応が強く、かつrヒトHGFへのシグナルに対するrNK4へのシグナルの比の良いものをセレクトし、クローニング対象とした。 A sample that reacted to the rNK4 solid phase plate but did not react to the r human HGF solid phase plate was determined as positive, and the reaction to the synthetic peptide was also confirmed. Those having a strong response to the synthetic peptide and having a good ratio of the signal to rNK4 to the signal to rhuman HGF were selected for cloning.
(6−4)クローン化
限界希釈法によるクローニングを行った。実施例2の(5−5)に記載の方法により、合成ペプチド1由来ではHyb-N5221を含む7個を、合成ペプチド2由来ではHyb-N5304を含む5個のクローンを得た。(6-4) Cloning Cloning was performed by the limiting dilution method. By the method described in Example 2 (5-5), 7 clones containing Hyb-N5221 were obtained from
(6−5)モノクローンの樹立
得られたモノクローンについて、順次培養スケールをアップして細胞凍結し、ならびにマウス2匹へ細胞を接種して腹水を作製した。先ず、樹立したクローンを、プリスタン 0.5mL/匹投与2週間後のマウスに、細胞を1x107個/匹以上で腹腔内へ接種した。得られた腹水について、50%飽和硫安塩析精製により精製抗体を調製した。上記で得られたハイブリドーマHyb-N5221及びHyb-N5304は、独立行政法人 産業技術総合研究所 特許生物寄託センター(〒305-8566 茨城県つくば市東1-1-1 つくばセンター 中央第6)に、2007年10月31日にそれぞれ受託番号FERM P−21417及びFERM P−21418として寄託されており、受託番号FERM P−21417及びFERM P−21418の寄託はそれぞれ、受託番号FERM BP−11101又は受託番号FERM BP−11102として2009年3月2日に国際寄託に移管されている。(6-5) Establishment of Monoclone With respect to the obtained monoclone, the culture scale was sequentially increased to freeze the cells, and cells were inoculated to 2 mice to produce ascites. First, the established clones were inoculated intraperitoneally at 1 × 10 7 cells / mouse into
実施例3:精製モノクローナル抗体を用いた特異性評価
得られたHyb-N5221及びHyb-N5304の塩析精製抗体を用いて、特異性および性能の評価を行った。rNK4、rヒトHGF、ならびに合成ペプチド2種を固相したアッセイプレートに、各モノクローナル抗体の塩析精製抗体3μg/mLからの3倍希釈列サンプルを調製し反応させた。その結果、ヒトHGFには反応を示さず、他3種の抗原物質固相プレートに反応を示したことから、NK4に特異的に反応することが確認された。(図1;Bindingデータ)Example 3 Specificity Evaluation Using Purified Monoclonal Antibody Specificity and performance were evaluated using the obtained salted-out purified antibody of Hyb-N5221 and Hyb-N5304. Three-fold dilution series samples from 3 μg / mL of salting-out purified antibody of each monoclonal antibody were prepared and reacted on an assay plate on which rNK4, rhuman HGF, and two synthetic peptides were solid-phased. As a result, since it did not react with human HGF but reacted with the other three kinds of antigen substance solid phase plates, it was confirmed that it reacts specifically with NK4. (Figure 1: Binding data)
実施例4:NK4に特異的な抗体を用いたNK4検出サンドウィッチ系の作製及び検討
(1)精製抗NK4モノクローナル抗体生理的食塩水溶液(20μg/mL)をプレートに分注して固相化した。また、抗ヒトHGFモノクローナル抗体を固相したイムニスHGF EIAのプレート及びNK4にもHGFにも関係しないモノクローナル抗体を固相したプレートの4種類のプレートを使用した。
(2)rNK4およびrヒトHGFを40%BA-TBSにて30 ng/mLから3倍希釈列を作製し、一次反応に供した。
(3)ペルオキシダーゼ標識抗ヒトHGFモノクローナル抗体とのサンドウィッチ系(特殊免疫研究所、1EH1:イムニスHGF EIAの構成試薬)を利用してアッセイを行った。Example 4 Production and Examination of NK4 Detection Sandwich System Using Antibody Specific for NK4 (1) Purified anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody physiological saline solution (20 μg / mL) was dispensed onto a plate and immobilized. Four types of plates were used: an immunos HGF EIA plate on which an anti-human HGF monoclonal antibody was solid-phased and a plate on which a monoclonal antibody not related to NK4 or HGF was solid-phased.
(2) A 3-fold dilution series was prepared from 30 ng / mL of 40% BA-TBS for rNK4 and r human HGF, and subjected to the primary reaction.
(3) The assay was performed using a sandwich system with a peroxidase-labeled anti-human HGF monoclonal antibody (Special Immunology Research Institute, 1EH1: a component reagent of Immunos HGF EIA).
(4)結果(図2)
Hyb-N5221、Hyb-N5304を固相化したアッセイ系のどちらもNK4検出感度が良く、0濃度における非特異的発色は認められなかった。また、どちらの系もヒトHGFを検出せず、NK4を特異的に検出できることを確認した。両抗体ではHyb-N5221の感度がより良好であった。一方、抗ヒトHGFモノクローナル抗体固相のイムニスHGF EIAの場合は、ヒトHGFとNK4を同様に検出し、両者を測り分けられない。なお、NK4にもHGFにも関係しないモノクローナル抗体固相プレートでは、ヒトHGFもNK4も検出しなかった。
以上の様にHyb-N5221、Hyb-N5304の抗NK4モノクローナル抗体固相と標識抗ヒトHGFモノクローナル抗体を組み合わせて、NK4を検出するサンドウィッチ系が成り立つことが確認できた。(4) Results (Figure 2)
Both of the assay systems in which Hyb-N5221 and Hyb-N5304 were immobilized had good NK4 detection sensitivity, and nonspecific color development was not observed at 0 concentration. Moreover, neither system detected human HGF and confirmed that NK4 could be specifically detected. With both antibodies, the sensitivity of Hyb-N5221 was better. On the other hand, in the case of immunos HGF EIA of an anti-human HGF monoclonal antibody solid phase, human HGF and NK4 are detected in the same manner, and the two cannot be measured. In addition, neither human HGF nor NK4 was detected in the monoclonal antibody solid phase plate which is not related to NK4 or HGF.
As described above, it was confirmed that a sandwich system for detecting NK4 was established by combining the anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody solid phase of Hyb-N5221 and Hyb-N5304 and the labeled anti-human HGF monoclonal antibody.
実施例5:NK4 EIAキットの改良及び性能評価
(1) 抗NK4モノクローナル抗体固相−標識抗ヒトHGFモノクローナル抗体のNK4検出サンドウィッチ系について、ゲルろ過精製により固相用抗NK4モノクローナル抗体の純度を上げ、また各ステップのバッファーや発色液を変更することにより感度を上げ、より高感度の測定キット(NK4 EIAキット)に改良した。抗NK4モノクローナル抗体としてはHyb-N5221を使用し、固相プレートは凍結乾燥により製造した。NK4 EIAキットの組成及び操作方法を以下に示す。
*NK4 EIAキットの組成;
(1) 検体希釈液 仔牛胎児血清, マウス血清を含むリン酸緩衝液
(2) 洗浄液 Tween 20を含む生理食塩水
(3) 標識抗体液 ペルオキシダーゼ標識抗ヒトHGFモノクローナル抗体(マウス)
(4) 酵素基質(発色液) TMB(BioFX社製)
(5) 反応停止液 発色停止液(BioFX社製)Example 5: Improvement of NK4 EIA kit and performance evaluation (1) Anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody solid phase-labeled anti-human HGF monoclonal antibody NK4 detection sandwich system was purified by gel filtration to increase the purity of anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody for solid phase In addition, the sensitivity was increased by changing the buffer and the color developing solution in each step, and the measurement kit was improved to a higher sensitivity (NK4 EIA kit). Hyb-N5221 was used as the anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody, and the solid phase plate was produced by lyophilization. The composition and operating method of the NK4 EIA kit are shown below.
* Composition of NK4 EIA kit;
(1) Specimen diluent Phosphate buffer solution containing fetal calf serum and mouse serum
(2) physiological saline containing
(3) Labeled antibody solution Peroxidase-labeled anti-human HGF monoclonal antibody (mouse)
(4) Enzyme substrate (color developing solution) TMB (manufactured by BioFX)
(5) Reaction stop solution Color stop solution (BioFX)
*NK4 EIAキットの操作方法;
(1) 抗NK4モノクローナル抗体固相プレートへ検体希釈液を 50μLずつウェルに分注
(2) NK4標準液および検体を検体希釈液の入ったウェルへ 50μLずつウェルに分注
(3) 検体希釈液と検体を振盪器にて撹拌
(4) 37℃、2時間、静置反応(一次反応)
(5) 反応液を除き、プレートを洗浄液にて5回洗浄後、標識抗体液を 100μLずつウェルに分注
(6) 37℃、1時間、静置反応(二次反応)
(7) 反応液を除き、プレートを洗浄液にて5回洗浄後、酵素基質(発色液)を 100μLずつウェルに分注
(8) 25℃、30分、暗所にて静置反応
(9) 反応停止液を 100μLずつウェルに分注して反応を停止し、プレートリーダーにて450 nmの吸光度を測定
(10) 標準液の吸光度をプロットして検量線を作成し、各種検体の吸光度を当てはめて NK4濃度を算出* NK4 EIA kit operation method;
(1) Dispense 50 μL of sample dilution into wells on anti-NK4 monoclonal antibody solid phase plate
(2) Dispense 50 μL of NK4 standard solution and sample into wells containing sample diluent.
(3) Stir the sample diluent and sample with a shaker
(4) 37 ° C, 2 hours, standing reaction (primary reaction)
(5) Remove the reaction solution, wash the
(6) 37 ° C, 1 hour, standing reaction (secondary reaction)
(7) Remove the reaction solution, wash the
(8) Reaction at 25 ° C for 30 minutes in the dark
(9) Dispense 100 μL of the reaction stop solution into each well to stop the reaction, and measure the absorbance at 450 nm with a plate reader
(10) Create a calibration curve by plotting the absorbance of the standard solution, and calculate the NK4 concentration by applying the absorbance of each sample.
(2) NK4 EIAキットについて、イムニスHGF EIAを対照としてヒトHGFとNK4の特異性比較(図3)
イムニスHGF EIAでは、ヒトHGFならびにNK4両方を測定しうるが、NK4 EIAキットではNK4のみ検出し、ヒトHGFは検出しないことを確認した。
NK4 EIAキットの検量線はイムニスHGF EIAと同等の発色を示すことを確認した。
NK4 EIAキットの標準液の検量線は、R2=0.9997と良好な直線性を示すことが確認され、また最小検出感度はイムニスHGF EIAと同等の1 ng/mLであることを確認した。(2) About the NK4 EIA kit, the specificity of human HGF and NK4 compared with Immunos HGF EIA as a control (FIG. 3)
In immunos HGF EIA, both human HGF and NK4 can be measured, but only NK4 was detected in the NK4 EIA kit, and it was confirmed that human HGF was not detected.
It was confirmed that the calibration curve of the NK4 EIA kit showed color development equivalent to that of Immunos HGF EIA.
The calibration curve of the standard solution of the NK4 EIA kit was confirmed to show good linearity with R 2 = 0.9997, and the minimum detection sensitivity was confirmed to be 1 ng / mL equivalent to Immunos HGF EIA.
(3)健常人血清検体の測定(図4)
健常人血清検体23例について、NK4およびHGFを測定した。その結果、イムニス HGF EIAにおける健常人血清中のHGF値が0.13〜0.55 ng/mLであったのに対し、NK4はほとんど血中では検出されないことを確認した。(3) Measurement of healthy human serum samples (Figure 4)
NK4 and HGF were measured in 23 healthy human serum samples. As a result, it was confirmed that NK4 was hardly detected in blood, whereas the HGF level in the serum of healthy individuals in Immunos HGF EIA was 0.13 to 0.55 ng / mL.
(4)添加回収試験(図5)
健常人血清検体 50μLに、NK4:0.3、2.5、4.0 ng/mLの3種類の濃度を各50μLずつ添加して一次反応を行い、検体希釈液に同様に3種類の濃度のNK4調製液を添加して反応させた時の吸光度を比較した。
健常人血清検体は3種のNK4添加率についていずれも90%以上の回収率が得られ、添加回収率が良好な測定系であることを確認した。(4) Addition recovery test (Figure 5)
50 μL of NK4: 0.3, 2.5, 4.0 ng / mL is added to 50 μL of a healthy human serum sample, and a primary reaction is performed. The same three concentrations of NK4 preparation are added to the sample dilution. Then, the absorbance when reacted was compared.
It was confirmed that the serum samples of healthy subjects were able to obtain a recovery rate of 90% or more for all three NK4 addition rates, and that the recovery rate was good.
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