JPWO2007015497A1 - Upsetting method and upsetting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provide upsetting methods with high upsetting productivity. An extrusion device 11 and a two-part clogging die 20 are prepared. In the state in which the extruded material 1 is extruded from the extrusion port 15 of the extrusion nozzle 13 of the extrusion apparatus 11, the divided pieces 21, 21 of the closing die are arranged so that the tip of the extrusion nozzle 13 is disposed in the cavity 25 of the closing die 20. Are combined with each other. As a result, the closing die 20 is formed, and the extruded material 1 is sandwiched in cooperation with each other by the sandwiching portions 22 and 22 provided on the two split pieces 21 and 21, respectively. Next, while extruding the extruded material 1 from the extrusion port 15 of the extrusion nozzle 13 by the extrusion device 11, the both divided pieces 21, 21 are held in a state where the extruded material 1 is held between the holding portions 22, 22 of both divided pieces 21, 21. The extruded material 1 is moved forward in the extrusion direction at a speed lower than the extrusion speed. As a result, the exposed portion 2 of the extruded material 1 exposed between the extrusion port 15 of the extrusion nozzle 13 and the sandwiching portion 22 of both divided pieces 21 and 21 is expanded in the cavity 25.

Description

  The present invention relates to an upsetting method and an upsetting apparatus used for manufacturing a product having an enlarged diameter portion such as an arm for a vehicle (such as an automobile or a railway vehicle), a connecting rod, and a piston.

  In general, the upsetting process is to increase the diameter of the material to be expanded by pressurizing the diameter expansion portion of the rod-shaped material in the axial direction. In this upsetting process, if the material is buckled during diameter expansion, the resulting product (that is, the upsetting product) becomes defective in shape (wrinkles, scratches, etc.) and its value as a product is impaired. Therefore, in order to prevent buckling, the following upsetting method is conventionally known.

  That is, while fixing a raw material to a fixed die, the diameter expansion plan part of a material is inserted in the insertion hole provided in the guide, and a diameter expansion plan part is held in a buckling prevention state. Then. While pressing the planned diameter expansion part of the material with the punch in the axial direction, the diameter of the material exposed between the tip of the guide and the fixed die is moved by moving the guide in the direction opposite to the movement direction of the punch. This is a method of expanding the diameter of the planned portion (see, for example, Patent Documents 1-4).

In this upsetting method, when the diameter-expanded portion of the material is expanded in the cavity (molding recess) of the closing die, this upsetting method falls under the category of the constrained upsetting method. According to this constraining upsetting method, a preform having a shape as close as possible to the desired product shape can be manufactured. As a result, there is an advantage that the material yield can be improved and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-253782 JP 7-506768 gazette JP-A-2005-59097 JP 2005-144554 A

  Thus, in upsetting, for example, a material made of an extruded material is used. When using this material to make upsetting products by the above-described conventional restraint upsetting method, the material is first produced by extrusion using an extrusion device, and then the resulting material is conveyed to the restraint upsetting device. And set in the apparatus. And this set material was subjected to upsetting. That is, the process of extruding the material and the process of upsetting the material are performed separately, and the productivity of the upsetting product is low.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described technical background, and the object thereof is used in an upsetting method with high productivity of an upsetting product, an upsetting product obtained by the method, and the method. It is to provide an upsetting apparatus.

  Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following preferred embodiments.

  The present invention provides the following means.

[1] Using an extrusion apparatus having an extrusion nozzle provided with an extrusion port at the tip, and a closing die having a cavity and divided into a plurality of parts,
A closed die is obtained by combining a plurality of closed die divided pieces with each other such that the tip of the extrusion nozzle is disposed in the cavity in a state where the extruded material is extruded from the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle of the extrusion device. Forming and extruding the extruded material in cooperation with each other at the clamping portions respectively provided in the plurality of divided pieces;
By extruding the extruded material from the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle by the extrusion device, the material of the exposed portion of the extruded material exposed between the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle and the sandwiching portions of the plurality of divided pieces is put into the cavity. While filling, the plurality of divided pieces are sandwiched by the sandwiched portions of the plurality of divided pieces, and the plurality of divided pieces are relative to the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle at a lower speed than the extrusion speed in the extrusion direction of the extruded material. To expand the exposed portion of the extruded material in the cavity by moving to,
The upsetting method characterized by including.

  [2] In the sandwiching step, the extruded material is sandwiched between the plurality of divided pieces at a position where the length of the exposed portion of the extruded material is equal to or less than the buckling limit length of the exposed portion. Upsetting method.

  [3] In the diameter expanding step, the time lag is set between the time when the plurality of divided pieces are sandwiched in the extruded material and the time when the plurality of divided pieces start moving from the time when the plurality of divided pieces are held in the extruded material. Or the upsetting method of 2 description.

  [4] The preceding item 3 in which, during the time lag, in a state where the extruded material is sandwiched by the sandwiching portions of the plurality of divided pieces, the sandwiched portion of the extruded material or a portion on the front side in the extrusion direction from the sandwiched portion is cut. The upsetting method described.

  [5] The upsetting method according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein an anti-slip means is applied to a sandwiching portion of at least one divided piece among the plurality of divided pieces.

  [6] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 5, wherein a sandwiching protrusion of the extruded material is provided as the anti-slip means in the holding portion of the at least one divided piece.

[7] After releasing the diameter, the step of releasing the holding of the holding portions of the plurality of pieces into the extruded material;
A step of returning the plurality of divided pieces to an initial position after the clamping release step;
Including
The upsetting method according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 6, wherein the clamping step, the diameter expansion step, the clamping release step, and the return step are sequentially repeated.

  [8] An upsetting product obtained by the upsetting method according to any one of 1 to 7 above.

[9] An extrusion apparatus having an extrusion nozzle provided with an extrusion port at the tip and extruding an extruded material from the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle;
A closing die having a cavity and divided into a plurality of parts;
A split piece combination device for combining a plurality of closed die split pieces with each other so that the closed die is formed;
Driving the plurality of divided pieces relative to the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle at a lower speed than the extrusion speed in the extrusion direction of the extruded material by the extrusion device in a state where the plurality of divided pieces are combined with each other. Equipment,
With
The plurality of divided pieces are each provided with a clamping portion,
The upsetting process, wherein the plurality of divided pieces are combined with each other by the divided piece combination device so that the sandwiching portions of the plurality of divided pieces hold the extruded material in cooperation with each other. apparatus.

  [10] The upsetting process as recited in the aforementioned Item 9, comprising a sandwiched portion of the extruded material sandwiched by the sandwiching portions of the plurality of divided pieces, or a cutting device for cutting a portion on the front side in the extrusion direction from the sandwiched portion. apparatus.

  [11] The upsetting apparatus according to the above item 9 or 10, wherein an anti-slip means is applied to a sandwiching portion of at least one divided piece among the plurality of divided pieces.

  [12] The upsetting apparatus as recited in the aforementioned Item 11, wherein a sandwiching protrusion of the extruded material is provided as the anti-slip means in the sandwiching portion of the at least one divided piece.

[13] The divided piece combination device is further configured to separate the plurality of divided pieces combined with each other.
The driving device is further configured to return the plurality of divided pieces moved relative to the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle to the initial position forward of the extrusion material in the extrusion direction. The upsetting apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims.

  The present invention has the following effects.

  In the invention of [1], the process of extrusion-producing the extruded material and the process of upsetting the extruded material can be performed continuously. Therefore, the productivity of upsetting products can be improved.

  Furthermore, since the pushing force of the extrusion device is used as a force to press the extruded material in the axial direction in order to expand the exposed portion of the extruded material (that is, the diameter expansion planned portion), the conventional upsetting method is used. The punch that presses the material in the axial direction and the driving device thereof that are used are not required separately. Therefore, simplification of the upsetting apparatus can be achieved.

  Of course, since the exposed part of the extruded material is expanded in the cavity of the closed die, it is possible to manufacture a preform having a shape as close as possible to the desired product shape, thereby improving the material yield and reducing the number of manufacturing processes. Can be achieved.

  Furthermore, while the material of the exposed portion of the extruded material is filled in the cavity, the plurality of divided pieces are moved forward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material at a speed lower than the extrusion speed while the extruded material is sandwiched by the sandwiched portions of the plurality of divided pieces. To disperse the material flow in the cavity. Therefore, it is possible to fill the material in the corners in the cavity of the closing die without excessively increasing the pushing force of the extrusion device. As a result, it is possible to prevent a problem that an unfilled portion is generated in the cavity, and thus it is possible to obtain a high-quality upsetting product having no lack of defects.

  Furthermore, since the material can be filled in the corners in the cavity of the closing die without excessively increasing the pushing force of the extrusion device, the load applied to the closing die during processing can be reduced. Therefore, the service life of the closing die can be extended.

  In the invention of [2], buckling of the extruded material can be surely prevented, and the exposed portion of the extruded material can be expanded in diameter.

  In the invention of [3], the cross-sectional area of the exposed portion of the extruded material can be increased at the initial diameter expansion. Therefore, the buckling limit length of the exposed portion of the extruded material can be increased, and thus buckling can be more reliably prevented.

  In the invention of [4], when cutting the sandwiched portion of the extruded material or the portion ahead of the sandwiched portion in the extrusion direction as the planned cutting portion, the portion of the extruded material is not moved. The part can be easily cut.

  Furthermore, since the extruded material can be cut while extruding the extruded material by the extrusion device, it is possible to save the space for installing the upsetting apparatus.

  In the invention of [5], the extruded material can be firmly held.

  In the invention of [6], the extruded material can be securely clamped.

  In the invention of [7], the productivity of upsetting products can be further improved.

  In the invention of [8], it is possible to provide a high-quality upsetting product having no shape defects such as a lack of defects, wrinkles, and fogging.

  In the inventions [9] to [13], an upsetting apparatus suitably used for the upsetting method according to the present invention can be provided.

FIG. 1A is a partially cutaway plan view of an upsetting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a partially cutaway plan view showing a state in which a pair of left and right closed die split pieces of the upsetting apparatus are combined with each other. FIG. 1C is a partially cutaway plan view showing a state in the middle of expanding the diameter of the exposed portion of the extruded material during the time lag by the upsetting apparatus. FIG. 1D is a partially cutaway plan view showing a state where the exposed portion of the extruded material has been expanded in diameter by the upsetting apparatus. FIG. 1E is a partially cutaway plan view showing a state in which both divided pieces of the upsetting apparatus are separated from each other. FIG. 1F is a partially cutaway plan view showing a state in which both divided pieces of the upsetting apparatus are returned to their initial positions. FIG. 1G is a partially cutaway plan view showing a state in which both divided pieces of the upsetting apparatus are combined with each other again. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1A. FIG. 2B is a front view as seen from the line BB in FIG. 1A. FIG. 2C is a side view seen from the line CC in FIG. 1A. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an upsetting product processed by the upsetting apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Extruded raw material 2 ... Exposed part 3 ... Clamped part 5 ... Upset product 6 ... Diameter-expanded part 7 ... Biting mark
10 ... Upsetting machine
11 ... Extruder
13 ... Extrusion nozzle
15 ... Extrusion port
200: Split piece combination device
20 ... Blocking die
21 ... divided pieces
22 ... Clamping part
23 ... biting protrusion
25 ... cavity
29 ... Fluid pressure cylinder
30 ... Drive device
31 ... Fluid pressure cylinder
40 ... Cutting device
41 ... Cutting blade
42 ... Cutting die
43 ... Fluid pressure cylinder

  Several preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the front means the front in the extrusion direction of the extruded material, and the rear means the direction opposite to the extrusion direction of the extruded material.

  1A to 3 are diagrams for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1A, (10) is an upsetting apparatus according to the present embodiment. This upsetting apparatus (10) is a restraining upsetting apparatus in detail. Moreover, (1) is an extruded material.

  In FIG. 3, (5) is an upsetting product processed by the upsetting apparatus (10). This upsetting product (5) has one enlarged-diameter portion (6) formed in a part in the axial direction (more specifically, an end portion). This upsetting product (5) is used as a preform for manufacturing products such as arms for vehicles (automobiles, railway vehicles, etc.), connecting rods, pistons and the like. Specific examples of the vehicle arm include a linear arm having a connecting portion (for example, a bush mounting portion) connected to another member, a knuckle, and the like.

  As shown to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2A-FIG. 2C, an extrusion raw material (1) consists of a solid rod-shaped aluminum or aluminum alloy extrusion material. The cross-sectional shape of the extruded material (1) is circular, and the diameter of the extruded material (1) is set to be constant in the axial direction (that is, the extrusion direction).

  In the present invention, the material of the extruded material (1) is not limited to aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and may be a metal such as brass, copper, stainless steel, or plastic, for example. . Further, the cross-sectional shape of the extruded material (1) is not limited to a circular shape, and may be a polygonal shape such as a rectangular shape or a hexagonal shape. Further, the extruded material (1) is not limited to a solid material, and may be a hollow material, for example.

  The diameter of the extruded material (1) is, for example, 16 mm. Moreover, in the upsetting product (5), for example, the maximum diameter of the enlarged diameter portion (6) is 60 mm, and the length of the enlarged diameter portion (6) is 45 mm. However, in the present invention, the diameter of the extruded material (1) and the dimensions of each part of the upsetting product (5) are not limited to the above dimensions. For example, the diameter of the extruded material (1) and the dimensions of each part of the upsetting product (5) should be set so that the object of the present invention can be achieved in accordance with the manufacture of products such as vehicle arms, connecting rods, and pistons. Can do.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the upsetting apparatus (10) includes an extrusion apparatus (11), a closing die (20), and a cutting apparatus (40).

  The extrusion device (11) is for extrusion production of the extruded material (1). This extrusion apparatus (11) has a container part (12), an extrusion nozzle (13), and a stem (16). In the container part (12), a billet (B) made of aluminum or aluminum alloy is loaded. The stem (16) is for pressing the billet (B) in the container part (12) from the rear side forward in the extrusion direction. The extrusion nozzle (13) is provided in the container part (12) so as to protrude forward in the extrusion direction. Inside the extrusion nozzle (13), a molding hole (14) communicating with the inside of the container portion (12) is provided so as to extend in the axial direction (that is, the length direction) of the extrusion nozzle (13). . The outer diameter of the extrusion nozzle (13) is set to be constant in the axial direction. And the extrusion port (15) as an exit of a shaping | molding hole (14) is provided in the front-end | tip part of this extrusion nozzle (13). The cross-sectional shape of the extrusion port (15) (that is, the forming hole (14)) is formed in a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the extruded material (1), that is, a circular shape.

  The closing die (20) has a closing cavity (25) that forms a predetermined portion of the extruded material (1) in a designed shape. Further, the closing die (20) is divided into two along its axial direction (that is, the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1)), and is composed of a pair of left and right closing die divided pieces (21) (21). Has been. Both the split pieces (21) and (21) are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides of the extrusion nozzle (13) of the extrusion device (11). Both divided pieces (21) and (21) have the same configuration.

  The split part of the front wall part of each split piece (21) is provided with a clamping part (22) composed of a concave groove (concave part) having a semicircular cross section (semicircular arc shape) for clamping the extruded material (1). Yes. Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, the two split pieces (21) and (21) are combined with each other so that the closing die (20) is formed. 22) and (22) sandwich the extruded material (1) in cooperation with each other. Further, in the state where the extruded material (1) is sandwiched between the sandwiched portions (22) and (22) of the two split pieces (21) and (21), the extruded material (1) is sandwiched between the split pieces (21) and (21). It is fitted inside the parts (22) and (22). The sandwiching portions (22) and (22) of the two split pieces (21) and (21) are respectively provided with biting protrusions (23) to the extruded material (1) as anti-slip means for the extruded material (1). ing. Therefore, the diameter of the clamping part (22) is set slightly smaller than the diameter of the extruded material (1). Therefore, when the extruded material (1) is clamped by the clamping portions (22) and (22) of the two split pieces (21) and (21), the biting protrusions (23) of the clamping portions (22) of the split pieces (21) It will bite into the sandwiched portion (3) of the extruded material (1), thereby preventing the extruded material (1) from slipping in the axial direction.

  In this embodiment, the sandwiching projections (23) are respectively provided in the sandwiching portions (22) and (22) of both divided pieces (21) and (21). However, in the present invention, both divided pieces (21) are provided. The biting protrusion (23) may be provided only in the clamping part (22) of any one of the divided pieces (21) of (21). Further, as a means for preventing the extruded material (1) from slipping in the axial direction, that is, as a means for preventing slipping, a means different from the biting protrusion (23) may be applied to the clamping part (22).

  Moreover, the division part of the rear wall part of each division | segmentation piece (21) is provided with the recessed part (26) fitted to an extrusion nozzle (13). And as shown to FIG. 1B, in the state which combined both the split pieces (21) and (21), it formed by uniting of the recessed parts (26) and (26) of both split pieces (21) and (21) The extrusion nozzle (13) is fitted in the fitting state in the fitting hole.

  Furthermore, the upsetting apparatus (10) includes a split piece combination device (200) that combines both split pieces (21) and (21) with each other so that a closing die (20) is formed, and a drive device (30). It has.

  The split piece combination device (200) includes a pair of left and right fluid pressure cylinders (for example, hydraulic or gas pressure cylinders) (29 ) (29). Each divided piece (21) is connected to the rod (29a) of the fluid pressure cylinder (29). Moreover, each division | segmentation piece (21) is being fixed on the receiving stand (27) which can move on the LM guide rail (28) extended in the direction perpendicular | vertical with respect to the extrusion direction of an extrusion raw material (1) ( 2A and 2C). Both the split pieces (21) and (21) are installed on the same moving stage (32) via the corresponding cradle (27) and rail (28), respectively. The moving stage (32) is installed so as to be movable forward and backward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1). Note that (33) and (33) are rails of the moving stage (32).

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the split piece combining device (200) operates the fluid pressure cylinders (29) and (29) to move the split pieces (21) and (21) in the mutually approaching direction. The divided pieces (21) and (21) are combined with each other to form the closing die (20). Further, the split piece combination device (200) operates the fluid pressure cylinders (29) and (29) to move the split pieces (21) and (21) combined with each other in the mutual separation direction. The two divided pieces (21) and (21) are separated from each other so that the closing die (1) can be divided into two.

  The drive device (30) has the two divided pieces (21) and (21) combined with each other, and the two divided pieces (21) and (21) are moved forward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) at a speed lower than the extrusion speed. It is for moving. Two fluid pressure cylinders (for example, hydraulic or gas pressure cylinders) (31) (31) are connected to the moving stage (32) as a drive source of the drive device (30). And as shown to FIG. 1C and FIG. 1D, a drive device (30) operates both fluid pressure cylinders (31) (31), and shortens the rods (31a) (31a), and thereby both split pieces (21) (21) is moved together with the moving stage (32) at a predetermined speed forward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1). Further, as shown in FIG. 1E and FIG. 1F, this drive device (30) operates both fluid pressure cylinders (31) and (31) to project the rods (31a) and (31a), thereby pushing the extruded material. Both split pieces (21) and (21) moved forward in the extrusion direction of (1) can be returned (moved) to the initial positions.

  In the present invention, in addition to the above, the drive device (30) is for moving the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) backward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) at a speed lower than the extrusion speed. It may be. Furthermore, in this case, the drive device (30) is configured to return (move) the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) moved to the rear in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) to the initial position. May be.

  The cutting device (40) is clamped by the clamping parts (22) and (22) of both split pieces (21) and (21) in order to separate the expanded diameter part (6) of the extruded material (1) from the extruded material (1). The extruding material (1) to be clamped (3) or a portion on the front side in the extruding direction from the pinched portion (3) is cut (sheared in detail). The cutting device (40) has cutting blades (shear blades in detail) (41) and a cutting die (42) corresponding to each other. The cutting blade (41) and the cutting die (42) are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides of the extruded material (1) on the front side of the two divided pieces (21) (21) (that is, the closing die (20)). Yes.

  The cutting blade (41) and the cutting die (42) are connected to fluid pressure cylinders (for example, hydraulic or gas pressure cylinders) (43) (43) as drive sources, respectively. Then, as shown in FIG. 1G, by operating the fluid pressure cylinder (43) to project the rod (43a), the cutting planned portion of the extruded material (1) is cut with the cutting blade (41) and the cutting die (42). ) Is cut (sheared) by the cutting blade (41). On the other hand, by shortening the rod (43a) of the fluid pressure cylinder (43), the cutting blade (41) and the cutting die (42) are returned to their original positions. The cutting blade (41) and the cutting die (42) are fixedly attached to the frame (44) via corresponding fluid pressure cylinders (43).

  Next, an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus (10) will be described below.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1A, both divided pieces (21) and (21) of the closing die (20) are arranged in a state of being separated from each other. Next, the heated billet (B) charged in the container part (12) of the extrusion apparatus (11) is pressurized forward in the extrusion direction by the stem (16), whereby the extrusion port ( Extrude the extruded material (1) from 15). In the present embodiment, the extruded material (1) is extruded in the horizontal direction, for example.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, in the state where the extruded material (1) is extruded from the extrusion port (15) at the distal end of the extrusion nozzle (13), the distal end of the extrusion nozzle (13) is in the cavity (25). The two split pieces (21) and (21) are combined with each other by the split piece combining device (200) so as to be arranged in the above. As a result, the closed die (20) is formed, and at the same time, the extruded material (1) extruded from the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) is sandwiched between the split pieces (21) and (21) (22). (22) Clamping in cooperation with each other [clamping step]. Then, the biting projection (23) of the clamping part (22) of each divided piece (21) bites into the clamped part (3) of the extruded material (1), and thereby the axial direction of the extruded material (1). Slip is prevented. On the other hand, a biting mark (7) corresponding to the biting protrusion (23) is generated in the sandwiched portion (3) of the extruded material (1) (see FIG. 1E).

  The extruded material (1) is continuously extruded to expose the extruded material (15) between the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) and the clamping portions (22) (22) of the two split pieces (21) (21). While filling the material of the exposed portion (2) of 1) into the cavity (25) of the closing die (20), as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D, the sandwiched portions (21) (21) 22) In the state where the extruded material (1) is sandwiched between (22), that is, in a state where both divided pieces (21) and (21) are combined with each other, both divided pieces (21) and (21) are driven by the drive device (30). Is moved forward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) at a speed lower than the extrusion speed. As a result, the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) is expanded in the cavity (25) of the closing die (20) [diameter expanding step].

  Thus, while filling the material of the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) into the cavity (25) of the closing die (20), both the split pieces (21) and (21) are inserted into the extruded material (1). The material flow in the cavity (25) is dispersed by moving forward in the extrusion direction at a speed lower than the extrusion speed. Therefore, the material can be filled in the corner of the cavity (25) of the closing die (20) without excessively increasing the pushing force of the extrusion device (11). Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that an unfilled portion (that is, a portion not filled with material) is generated in the cavity (25). For this reason, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of shape defects such as a lacking defect, and to obtain a high-quality upsetting product (5).

  Further, since the material in the corners of the cavity (25) of the closing die (20) can be filled without excessively increasing the pushing force of the extrusion device (11), the closing die (20) The applied load can be reduced. Therefore, the service life of the closing die (20) can be extended.

  In the present invention, the moving speed of the two split pieces (21) and (21) by the driving device (30) may be lower than the extrusion speed of the extruded material (1), that is, the extrusion speed of the extruded material (1). If it is less than 1 time. The speed difference between the moving speed of the two split pieces (21) and (21) and the extrusion speed of the extruded material (1) can be determined according to the shape of the enlarged diameter portion (6), that is, the shape of the cavity (25). . Further, the speed difference may be constant or changed. For example, the speed difference can be increased at a location where the diameter expansion amount is large, and the speed difference can be decreased at a location where the diameter expansion amount is small. That is, the moving speed of the two split pieces (21) (21) is appropriately set according to the shape of the cavity (25) of the closing die (20). For example, the unfilled portion in the cavity (25) Is set to a speed at which the material can be filled.

  Here, in the sandwiching step, the extruded material (1) is separated into both pieces (2) at a position where the length of the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) is equal to or shorter than the buckling limit length of the exposed portion (2). 21) It is desirable that the holding portions (22) and (22) of (21) be held in cooperation with each other. By doing so, buckling of the extruded material (1) can be reliably prevented, and the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) can be favorably expanded in diameter.

  Moreover, in the diameter expansion process, both split pieces (21) (21) from the start of clamping of the sandwiched portions (22) and (22) of the split pieces (21) and (21) to the extruded material (1) in the sandwiching process. It is desirable to set a time lag before the start of movement. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 1B, in the clamping step, the extruded material (1) is clamped by the clamping portions (22) and (22) of the two split pieces (21) and (21). Then, in this sandwiched state, that is, in a state in which the two divided pieces (21) and (21) are combined with each other, the divided pieces (21) and (21) are not moved and moved to their positions (ie, initial positions). To wait for a predetermined time. This waiting time corresponds to the time lag. Then, as shown in FIG. 1C, during this time lag, the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) is slightly enlarged in the cavity (25). And after progress of time lag, as shown to FIG. 1D, both division | segmentation piece (21) (21) is moved at a low speed from the extrusion speed ahead of the extrusion raw material (1) in the extrusion direction. By setting the time lag as described above, the cross-sectional area of the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) can be increased at the initial diameter expansion. Therefore, the buckling limit length of the exposed portion (2) can be increased, and buckling can be further reliably prevented.

  When the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) is completely filled in the cavity (25) of the closed die (20) and the exposed portion (2) is expanded to the designed shape in the diameter expansion step. (Refer to FIG. 1D), the moving speed of both split pieces (21) and (21) is made to coincide with (i.e., synchronize with) the extrusion speed of the extruded material (1), and as shown in FIG. ) To move the two divided pieces (21) and (21) in the direction of mutual separation to separate the two divided pieces (21) and (21). Thereby, the sandwiching portions (22) and (22) of both divided pieces (21) and (21) are released from being held in the extruded material (1) [nipping release step]. Then, the diameter-expanded portion (6) of the extruded material (1) moves forward in the extrusion direction by the pushing force of the extrusion device (1). In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1D, when the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) is expanded in diameter to the design shape, the position of the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) and the cavity ( 25) The rear end position matches. However, in the present invention, the position of the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) is the rear end of the cavity (25) when the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) is expanded to the designed shape. It may be a forward position. In this case, the material of the exposed portion (2) is filled in the cavity (25) in such a manner as to wrap around outside the tip portion of the extrusion nozzle (13). Further, in this case, the distal end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the extrusion nozzle (13) is formed in a tapered shape so that the distal end portion of the extrusion nozzle (13) can be easily extracted from the material in the cavity (25). Desirable in terms.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 1E and 1F, both the split pieces (21) and (21) are returned (moved) to the initial positions by the drive device (30) while being in a mutually separated state [returning step].

  And as shown in FIG. 1G, by combining the two split pieces (21) and (21) with each other by the split piece combining device (200), the closed die (20) is formed again, and at the same time, the extruded material (1) It clamps again by the clamping part (22) (22) of both division | segmentation pieces (21) (21) [a clamping process]. Next, the above-described diameter expansion process, clamping release process, and return process are sequentially repeated.

  In the present embodiment, the extruded material (1) is continuously extruded from the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) at a predetermined speed while the clamping process, the diameter expansion process, the clamping release process, and the return process are repeated. ing. However, in the present invention, during this time, the extrusion of the extruded material (1) may be temporarily stopped. Further, the extrusion speed of the extruded material (1) may be constant or may be changed.

  When the upsetting process is repeatedly performed in this way, the second and subsequent diameter expansion processes are the same as in the first diameter expansion process, and the sandwiched portions (22) and (22) of the split pieces (21) and (21) are extruded. A time lag is set between the start of clamping of the material (1) and the start of movement of both divided pieces (21) and (21). However, during this time lag, as shown in FIG. 1G, the sandwiched portion (3) of the extruded material (1) that is sandwiched between the sandwiched portions (22) and (22) of both split pieces (21) and (21). Extrusion clamped by the clamping parts (22) and (22) of the two split pieces (21) and (21) at the previous diameter expansion step as the part ahead of the extrusion direction (current clamping part (3)) The sandwiched portion (3) of the material (1) (that is, the previous sandwiched portion (3)) is cut (sheared in detail) by the cutting device (40) [cutting step]. This cutting method will be described in detail. The cutting blade (41) and the cutting die (42) of the cutting device (40) are moved in the mutually approaching direction to cut the extruded material (1) to be cut (that is, the previous sandwiched portion). (3)) is sandwiched between the cutting blade (41) and the cutting die (42), and the planned cutting portion is cut by the cutting blade (41). When this cutting step is performed in the third and subsequent diameter expansion steps, the diameter expansion portion (6) is cut off from the extruded material (1).

  In this embodiment, the cutting scheduled portion of the extruded material (1) was sandwiched between the sandwiching portions (22) and (22) of the two split pieces (21) and (21) as described above. It is a sandwiched portion (3) of the extruded material (1). Since a bite mark (7) is formed in the sandwiched portion (3), cutting is easily performed by cutting the sandwiched portion (3) with the cutting device (40) as a planned cutting portion. be able to. In the present invention, it is desirable that the anti-slip means can form a bite mark having a shape that facilitates cutting. As such an anti-slip means, a biting protrusion protruding in a V-shaped cross section (for example, a wedge shape) is provided in the clamping part (22) of the split piece (21) and / or in the clamped part (3) A sandwiching portion of both split pieces (21) and (21) having a biting projection (particularly preferably a biting projection protruding in a V-shaped cross section) capable of forming a biting trace over a length of more than half of the entire circumference. (22) It can be provided in (22).

  By performing this cutting step for each diameter expansion step, it is possible to obtain an upsetting product (5) having one diameter expansion portion (6) as shown in FIG. Alternatively, the cutting process is performed every other time or twice or more times in the diameter expansion process that is repeatedly performed, so that the upsetting processed product having two or three or more diameter expansion portions (6) (see FIG. Not shown).

  The upsetting product (5) thus obtained is used as a preform having a shape as close as possible to the desired product shape.

  Thus, according to the upsetting method of the above embodiment, the process of extrusion-producing the extruded material (1) and the process of upsetting the extruded material (1) can be performed continuously. Therefore, the productivity of the upsetting product (5) can be improved.

  Further, the pushing force of the extrusion device (11) is used as a force for pressing the extruded material (1) in the axial direction in order to increase the diameter of the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) (that is, the diameter expansion planned portion). Therefore, the punch for pressing the material in the axial direction and the driving device thereof, which are used in the conventional upsetting method, are not required. Therefore, the upsetting apparatus (10) can be simplified.

  Of course, since the exposed part (2) of the extruded material (1) is expanded in the cavity (25) of the closing die (20), a preform having a shape as close as possible to the desired product shape can be produced. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the material yield and reduce the number of manufacturing steps.

  In addition, since the sandwiching process, the diameter expanding process, the sandwiching releasing process, and the return process are sequentially repeated, the productivity of the upsetting product (5) can be further improved.

  Moreover, the following effects are produced by cutting the extruded material (1) during the time lag. That is, if the planned cutting part is moved when the planned cutting part of the extruded material (1) is moved, various problems such as deformation of the cut end and the cutting part occur. Therefore, in order to prevent this problem from occurring, in this embodiment, the extruded material (1) is cut during the time lag. By doing this, when cutting the cut portion of the extruded material (1), the cut portion of the extruded material (1) is not moved, so the cut portion is cut well without causing such a problem. It is possible to cut the planned cutting portion easily.

  Furthermore, since the extruded material (1) can be cut while extruding the extruded material (1) by the extrusion device (11), the installation space of the upsetting device (10) can be saved.

  Moreover, since the nipping parts (22) and (22) of the two split pieces (21) and (21) are respectively provided with biting protrusions (23) to the extruded material (1) as anti-slip means, The slip of the material (1) can be prevented, and the extruded material (1) can be firmly held.

  Of course, since the extruded material (1) does not buckle, it is possible to provide a high-quality upsetting product free from shape defects such as wrinkles and fogging.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to that shown in the above embodiment.

  For example, in the present invention, a cutting blade is provided as a cutting device (40) in the sandwiching portion (22) of at least one divided piece (21) of the two divided pieces (21) and (21). 21) The sandwiched portion (3) of the extruded material (1) may be cut with a cutting blade in a state where the extruded material (1) is sandwiched between the sandwiched portions (22) and (22) of (21). .

  In the present invention, the number of divisions of the closing die (20) is not limited to two, and may be three or four or more.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the extrusion direction of the extrusion raw material (1) by an extrusion apparatus (11) is a horizontal direction, in this invention, the extrusion direction of an extrusion raw material (1) is vertical directions, such as a downward direction, for example. It may be.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, in the diameter expansion process, the position of the extrusion port (15) of an extrusion nozzle (13) is being fixed, and the clamping part (22) (22) of several division | segmentation piece (21) (21) By moving the plurality of divided pieces (21) and (21) forward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) at a speed lower than the extrusion speed while sandwiching the extruded material (1) with The exposed portion (2) is enlarged in the cavity (25). However, in the present invention, in addition, in the diameter expanding step, the plurality of divided pieces (1) are held in a state where the extruded material (1) is held by the holding portions (22) and (22) of the plurality of divided pieces (21) and (21). 21) By fixing the position of (21) and moving the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) backward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) at a speed lower than the extrusion speed, the extruded material (1 ) May be expanded in the cavity (25).

  The above two upsetting methods can be summarized as follows. That is, in the present invention, in the diameter expansion step, the extrusion material (1) is extruded from the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) by the extrusion device (11), thereby the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13). ) And the exposed portion (2) of the extruded material (1) exposed between the sandwiched portions (22) and (22) of the plurality of divided pieces (21) and (21) while filling the cavity (25) In the state where the extruded material (1) is sandwiched between the sandwiched portions (22) and (22) of the plurality of divided pieces (21) and (21), the plurality of divided pieces (21) and (21) are extruded from the extruded material (1). The exposed part (2) of the extruded material (1) is expanded in the cavity (25) by moving it forward relative to the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) at a lower speed than the extrusion speed. Diameter.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, a drive device (30) is the front of the extrusion raw material (1) in the extrusion direction of both division pieces (21) and (21) in the state which combined both division pieces (21) and (21). The drive device (30) is configured to move both divided pieces (21) (21) moved forward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) to the initial position. It can be returned to (moved). However, in the present invention, in addition, the drive device (30) is for moving the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) backward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) at a speed lower than the extrusion speed. There may be. Furthermore, in this case, the drive device (30) is configured to return (move) the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) moved to the rear in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) to the initial position. May be.

  The above two upsetting apparatuses are summarized as follows. That is, in the present invention, the drive device (30) is a material extruded from the plurality of divided pieces (21) (21) by the extrusion device (11) in a state where the plurality of divided pieces (21) (21) are combined with each other. It may be configured to move relative to the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) at a lower speed than the extrusion speed in the forward direction of the extrusion in (1), and the drive device (30) The plurality of divided pieces (21) and (21) moved relative to the extrusion port (15) of the extrusion nozzle (13) forward in the extrusion direction of the extruded material (1) are returned to the initial position. May be.

  Further, as a means for preventing bending (eg, bending) due to the weight of the extruded material (1) between the two split pieces (21) (21) (that is, the closing die (20)) and the cutting device (40). A support member (not shown) that supports the extruded material (1) may be disposed. In this case, it is desirable that the support member is movable together with the extruded material (1).

  In the present invention, the upsetting process may be performed by attaching a release agent or a lubricant to the inner surface of the cavity (25) of the closing die (20).

  This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-224969 filed on August 3, 2005 and US Provisional Application No. 60 / 706,783 filed on August 10, 2005. Accordingly, the disclosed contents constitute part of the present application as it is.

  The terms and expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting, but represent any equivalent of the features shown and described herein. It should be recognized that various modifications within the claimed scope of the present invention are permissible.

  While this invention may be embodied in many different forms, this disclosure is to be considered as providing examples of the principles of the invention, which examples are hereby incorporated by reference. Many illustrated embodiments are described herein with the understanding that they are not intended to be limited to the preferred embodiments described and / or illustrated.

  Although several illustrated embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, the present invention is not limited to the various preferred embodiments described herein, and is equivalent to what may be recognized by those skilled in the art based on this disclosure. Any and all embodiments having various elements, modifications, deletions, combinations (eg, combinations of features across the various embodiments), improvements and / or changes are encompassed. Claim limitations should be construed broadly based on the terms used in the claims, and should not be limited to the embodiments described herein or in the process of this application, as such The examples should be construed as non-exclusive.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for an upsetting method and an upsetting apparatus used for manufacturing a product having an enlarged diameter portion such as a vehicle arm, a connecting rod, and a piston.

Claims (13)

Using an extrusion apparatus having an extrusion nozzle provided with an extrusion port at the tip, and a closed die having a cavity and divided into a plurality of parts,
A closed die is obtained by combining a plurality of closed die divided pieces with each other such that the tip of the extrusion nozzle is disposed in the cavity in a state where the extruded material is extruded from the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle of the extrusion device. Forming and extruding the extruded material in cooperation with each other at the clamping portions respectively provided in the plurality of divided pieces;
By extruding the extruded material from the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle by the extrusion device, the material of the exposed portion of the extruded material exposed between the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle and the sandwiching portions of the plurality of divided pieces is put into the cavity. While filling, the plurality of divided pieces are sandwiched by the sandwiched portions of the plurality of divided pieces, and the plurality of divided pieces are relative to the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle at a lower speed than the extrusion speed in the extrusion direction of the extruded material. To expand the exposed portion of the extruded material in the cavity by moving to,
The upsetting method characterized by including.   The upsetting according to claim 1, wherein, in the clamping step, the extruded material is clamped by the clamping portions of the plurality of divided pieces at a position where the length of the exposed portion of the extruded material is equal to or less than the buckling limit length of the exposed portion. Processing method.   2. The time lag is set in the diameter expansion step from a time when the sandwiched portion of the plurality of divided pieces is held to the extruded material in the clamping step to a time when the plurality of divided pieces start to move. Upsetting method.   4. The clamped portion of the extruded material or a portion on the front side in the extrusion direction with respect to the sandwiched portion is cut in a state where the extruded material is sandwiched between the plurality of divided pieces during the time lag. Upsetting method.   The upsetting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an anti-slip means is applied to a holding portion of at least one of the plurality of divided pieces.   6. The upsetting method according to claim 5, wherein a sandwiching protrusion of the extruded material is provided as the anti-slip means in the holding portion of the at least one divided piece. After the diameter expansion step, releasing the clamping of the plurality of divided pieces to the extruded material,
A step of returning the plurality of divided pieces to an initial position after the clamping release step;
Including
The upsetting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pinching step, the diameter expanding step, the pinching release step, and the return step are sequentially repeated.   An upsetting product obtained by the upsetting method according to claim 1. An extrusion apparatus having an extrusion nozzle provided with an extrusion port at the tip, and for extruding an extruded material from the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle;
A closing die having a cavity and divided into a plurality of parts;
A split piece combination device for combining a plurality of closed die split pieces with each other so that the closed die is formed;
Driving the plurality of divided pieces relative to the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle at a lower speed than the extrusion speed in the extrusion direction of the extruded material by the extrusion device in a state where the plurality of divided pieces are combined with each other. Equipment,
With
The plurality of divided pieces are each provided with a clamping portion,
The upsetting process, wherein the plurality of divided pieces are combined with each other by the divided piece combination device so that the sandwiching portions of the plurality of divided pieces hold the extruded material in cooperation with each other. apparatus.   The upsetting apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a cutting device that cuts a sandwiched portion of the extruded material that is sandwiched by the sandwiching portions of the plurality of divided pieces or a portion on the front side in the extrusion direction from the sandwiched portion.   The upsetting apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, wherein an anti-slip means is applied to a clamping portion of at least one of the plurality of divided pieces.   The upsetting apparatus according to claim 11, wherein an encroaching protrusion for the extruded material is provided as the anti-slip means in the holding portion of the at least one divided piece. The divided piece combining device is further configured to separate the plurality of divided pieces combined with each other,
The drive device further returns the plurality of divided pieces moved relative to the extrusion port of the extrusion nozzle to the initial position in the extrusion direction of the extrusion material. The upsetting machine described.

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