JPWO2006080504A1 - Upsetting method and upsetting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an upsetting method capable of efficiently expanding the diameter of at least two portions of a rod-shaped material. A plurality of guides 31 and 32 having insertion holes 34 are prepared. The rod-shaped material 1 fixed to the fixed die 20 is sequentially inserted and held in the insertion holes 34 of the plurality of guides 31 and 32. Next, the plurality of guides 31 and 32 are integrally moved in a direction opposite to the movement direction of the punch 50R while pressing the material 1 in the axial direction with the punch 50R, thereby moving the plurality of guides 31 and 32 together. The diameter of the first exposed portion 4 of the material 1 exposed between the first guide 31 and the fixed die 32 disposed on the foremost side of the first and second guides 31 and 32 is increased. After the movement of the first guide 31 is completed, the second guide 32 disposed behind the first guide 31 in the plurality of guides 31 and 32 is moved in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the punch 50R, The diameter of the second exposed portion of the material 1 exposed between the guides 31 and 32 is increased.

Description

  The present invention relates to an upsetting method and an upsetting apparatus for expanding the diameter of two or more portions of a rod-shaped material.

  Generally, the upsetting process is to increase the diameter of a predetermined portion of the material by pressing the rod-shaped material in the axial direction. In this upsetting process, if the material buckles during processing, the resulting product (upset processed product) becomes defective in shape (wrinkles, fogging, etc.) and the value of the product is impaired. Therefore, in order to prevent buckling from occurring, conventionally, the following upsetting process is known.

That is, the material is fixed to the fixed die, and the material is inserted into the insertion hole provided in the guide to keep the material in a buckling-prevented state. Next, the exposed portion of the material exposed between the front end portion of the guide and the fixed die is enlarged by moving the guide in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the punch while pressing the material in the axial direction with the punch. It is a method (for example, patent document 1-2).
JP-A-48-62646 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-253782

  Thus, when each of the two locations of the material is expanded by the conventional upsetting method, the material is first expanded in diameter, then the material is inverted, and then the remaining portion is expanded. However, in this method, since the work of reversing the material is required, there is a problem that the number of steps required for processing increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above technical background, and the object thereof is an upsetting method capable of efficiently expanding the diameter of at least two portions of a rod-shaped material, and an upsetting process suitably used in the processing method. To provide an apparatus.

  The present invention provides the following means.

[1] preparing a plurality of guides having an insertion hole penetrating in an axial direction for inserting and holding a rod-shaped material in a buckling-prevented state;
The material fixed to the fixed die is sequentially inserted and held in each insertion hole of the plurality of guides,
Next, while pressing the material in the axial direction with the punch, the plurality of guides are moved together in a state of mutual contact in the direction opposite to the movement direction of the punch, thereby being arranged at the foremost side in the plurality of guides. Expanding the first exposed portion of the material exposed between the first guide and the fixed die,
After the movement of the first guide is completed, the second guide disposed on the rear side of the first guide in the plurality of guides is moved relative to the first guide in the direction opposite to the movement direction of the punch. An upsetting method characterized by enlarging the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material exposed between the second guide and the first guide.

[2] In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in an unconstrained state,
The average moving speed from the start of punch movement is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The buckling limit length at the cross-sectional area of the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is X ₁ ,
The initial clearance between the first guide and the fixed die is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The time lag from the start of movement of the punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
The length of the material before the upsetting process required for the expanded diameter portion is l ₀ ,
The upsetting time from the start of punch movement is T,
And when
In the case of t ₀ <T, G is
0 ≦ G ≦ P (X ₁ −X) / (l ₀ −X ₁ −Pt ₀ )
The upsetting method according to item 1, which satisfies the relational expression:

[3] In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in the molding recess provided in the fixed die,
The average moving speed from the start of punch movement is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The initial clearance between the front end of the first guide and the bottom of the molding recess is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The length of the material before upsetting required for the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is L ₀ ,
A stop position relative to the molded recess bottom portion of the front end portion of the punch is determined from the design volume of the expanded diameter portions X _P,
The stop position of the front end of the first guide determined by design with respect to the bottom of the molding recess is X _g ,
The time lag from the start of movement of the punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
Then G is
G = P (X _g -X) / (L ₀ -X _P -Pt ₀ )
The upsetting method according to the preceding item 1, which satisfies the formula:

  [4] The upsetting method according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 3, wherein at least the first guide among the plurality of guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole.

  [5] The upsetting method according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the material is a round bar-shaped rolled material.

  [6] The upsetting method according to item 5, wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material.

  [7] The upsetting method according to item 5, wherein the rolled material is a continuously cast rolled material.

  [8] The foregoing items 5 to 7 in which the first exposed portion and the second exposed portion of the material are expanded in diameter in a state where the lubricant is adhered to the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of guides and / or the surface of the material. The upsetting method according to any one of the above.

  [9] The upsetting method according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 8, wherein the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide in the material is locally heated.

  [10] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 9, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally induction heated by induction heating means.

  [11] The upsetting method according to item 9, wherein a part of the material corresponding to the front end of the first guide is locally heated by induction heating of the front end of the first guide by induction heating means.

  [12] The upsetting method according to any one of items 9 to 11, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.

  [13] Any one of the preceding items 9 to 12, wherein the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in diameter in a state where the portion corresponding to the portion rearward of the front end portion of the first guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling means. The upsetting method according to item 1.

  [14] The upsetting method according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 13, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally heated.

  [15] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 14, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally induction heated by induction heating means.

  [16] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 14, wherein the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally heated by induction heating the front end portion of the second guide by induction heating means.

  [17] The upsetting method according to any one of items 14 to 16, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.

  [18] Any one of the preceding items 14 to 17, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the portion rearward of the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling means. The upsetting method according to item 1.

  [19] An upsetting product obtained by the upsetting method according to any one of 1 to 18 above.

[20] A plurality of axially penetrating insertion holes that penetrate and hold one side of the rod-shaped material in the axially opposite side in a buckling-prevented state, and are arranged side by side in the axial direction. Side guides,
At least one other side portion guide having an insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction for inserting and holding the other side portion of the material in a buckling-preventing state;
A punch for one side that presses one side of the material in the axial direction;
A punch for the other side that presses the other side of the material in the axial direction;
Prepare
One side portion of the material fixed to the fixed die at the intermediate portion in the axial direction of the material is sequentially inserted and held in each insertion hole of the plurality of one side portion guides, and the other side portion of the material is guided to the other side portion. Inserted and held in the insertion hole,
Next, while pressing one side portion of the material in the axial direction with the one-side punch, the plurality of one-side guides are integrally attached in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the one-side punch. By moving, the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material exposed between the first guide disposed on the foremost side and the fixed die in the plurality of one-side guides, and
After the movement of the first guide, the second guide disposed on the rear side of the first guide in the plurality of one-side guides is changed to the first guide in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the one-side punch. By moving relative to the second guide, the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material exposed between the second guide and the first guide is increased,
Furthermore, simultaneously with the pressing of one side of the material by the punch for one side, the other side guide is moved in the axial direction by the other side punch while the other side guide is moved. The upsetting method, wherein the third exposed portion of the material exposed between the other side guide and the fixed die is expanded by moving in a direction opposite to the direction.

[21] In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in an unconstrained state,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the one side punch is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The buckling limit length at the cross-sectional area of the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is X ₁ ,
The initial clearance between the first guide and the fixed die is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The time lag from the start of movement of the one side punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
The length of the material before the upsetting process required for the expanded diameter portion is l ₀ ,
The upsetting time from the start of punch movement for one side is T,
And when
In the case of t ₀ <T, G is
0 ≦ G ≦ P (X ₁ −X) / (l ₀ −X ₁ −Pt ₀ )
21. The upsetting method as described in 20 above, wherein the relational expression is satisfied.

[22] In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in the molding recess provided in the fixed die,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the one side punch is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The initial clearance between the front end of the first guide and the bottom of the molding recess is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The length of the material before upsetting required for the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is L ₀ ,
A stop position relative to the molded recess bottom portion of the front end portion of the one side punch obtained from the design volume of the expanded diameter portions X _P,
The stop position of the front end of the first guide determined by design with respect to the bottom of the molding recess is X _g ,
The time lag from the start of movement of the one side punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
Then G is
G = P (X _g -X) / (L ₀ -X _P -Pt ₀ )
21. The upsetting method according to the above item 20, which satisfies the formula:

[23]
23. The upsetting method according to any one of the items 20 to 22, wherein at least a first guide among the plurality of one-side guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole. .

  [24] The upsetting method according to any one of items 20 to 23, wherein the material is a round bar-shaped rolled material.

[25] The upsetting method according to item 24, wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material,
[26] The upsetting method as described in 24 above, wherein the rolled material is a continuously cast rolled material.

  [27] With a lubricant attached to at least one of the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of one-side guides, the peripheral surface of the insertion hole of the other-side guide, and the surface of the material, 27. The upsetting method according to any one of items 24 to 26, wherein the first exposed portion, the second exposed portion, and the third exposed portion of the material are expanded in diameter.

  [28] The upsetting method according to any one of items 20 to 27, wherein the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally heated.

  [29] The upsetting method according to item 28, wherein a part of the material corresponding to the front end of the first guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.

  [30] The upsetting method according to item 28, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end of the first guide is locally heated by induction heating of the front end of the first guide by induction heating means.

  [31] The upsetting method according to any one of items 28 to 30, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.

  [32] Any of the preceding items 28 to 31, wherein the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the portion rearward of the front end portion of the first guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling means. The upsetting method according to item 1.

  [33] The upsetting method according to any one of items 20 to 32, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally heated.

  [34] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 33, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally induction heated by induction heating means.

  [35] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 33, wherein the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally heated by induction heating the front end portion of the second guide locally by induction heating means.

  [36] The upsetting method according to any one of items 33 to 35, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.

  [37] Any of the preceding items 33 to 36, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the portion rearward of the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling means. The upsetting method according to item 1.

  [38] The upsetting method according to any one of the preceding items 20 to 37, wherein the diameter of the third exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide is locally heated.

  [39] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 38, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.

  [40] The upsetting method as recited in the aforementioned Item 38, wherein the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide in the material is locally heated by induction heating the front end portion of the third guide by induction heating means.

  [41] The upsetting method according to any one of the preceding items 38 to 40, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.

  [42] Any of the preceding items 38 to 41, wherein the diameter of the third exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the portion rearward of the front end portion of the third guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling means. The upsetting method according to item 1.

  [43] An upsetting product obtained by the upsetting method described in any one of 20 to 42 above.

[44] A plurality of guides having an insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction for inserting and holding the rod-shaped material in a buckling-prevented state and arranged side by side in the axial direction;
A punch that presses the material in the axial direction;
A plurality of guide driving devices for moving each guide in the plurality of guides in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the punch;
An upsetting apparatus characterized by comprising:

  [45] The upsetting apparatus as recited in the aforementioned Item 44, wherein the guide disposed at least on the foremost side among the plurality of guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole.

[46] The material is a round bar-shaped rolled material,
46. The upsetting apparatus according to the above item 44 or 45, further comprising a lubricant adhering means for adhering the lubricant to the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of guides and / or the surface of the material.

  [47] The upsetting apparatus as recited in the aforementioned Item 46, wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material.

  [48] The upsetting apparatus as recited in the aforementioned Item 46, wherein the rolled material is a continuous cast rolled material.

  [49] The upsetting apparatus according to any one of items 44 to 48, further comprising heating means for locally heating a portion corresponding to a front end portion of at least one guide among the plurality of guides in the material. .

[50] The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
50. The upsetting apparatus according to item 49, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.

[51] The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
49. The front section configured to locally heat a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide by locally induction heating the front end portion of the at least one guide by induction heating means. The upsetting machine described.

  [52] The upsetting apparatus according to any one of items 49 to 51, wherein the heating unit is capable of locally heating a portion of the material corresponding to the front end of the at least one guide to a semi-molten state. .

  [53] The upsetting apparatus according to any one of [49] to [52], further comprising cooling means for locally cooling a portion of the material corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the at least one guide. .

[54] A plurality of ones having insertion holes penetrating in the axial direction for inserting and holding one side portion in a buckling-prevented state of both side portions in the axial direction of the rod-shaped material and arranged side by side in the axial direction. Side guides,
At least one other side portion guide having an insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction for inserting and holding the other side portion of the material in a buckling-preventing state;
A punch for one side that presses one side of the material in the axial direction;
A punch for the other side that presses the other side of the material in the axial direction;
A plurality of one-side guide driving devices for moving each guide in the plurality of one-side guides in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the one-side punch;
A guide driving device for the other side, which moves the guide for the other side in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the punch for the other side;
An upsetting apparatus characterized by comprising:

  [55] The upsetting apparatus according to [54], wherein at least the frontmost guide among the plurality of one-side guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole. .

[56] The material is a round bar-shaped rolled material,
Lubricant attaching means for attaching a lubricant to at least one of the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of one-side guides, the peripheral surface of the insertion hole of the other-side guide, and the surface of the material. 56. The upsetting apparatus according to the preceding item 54 or 55.

  [57] The upsetting apparatus according to [56], wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material.

  [58] The upsetting apparatus according to [56], wherein the rolled material is a continuously cast rolled material.

  [59] The above items 54 to 58, further comprising heating means for locally heating a portion corresponding to a front end portion of at least one of the plurality of one-side guides and other-side guides in the material. The upsetting apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims.

[60] The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
60. The upsetting apparatus according to item 59, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.

[61] The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
59. The previous item 59 configured to locally heat a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide by locally induction heating the front end portion of the at least one guide by induction heating means. The upsetting machine described.

  [62] The upsetting apparatus according to any one of [59] to [61], wherein the heating unit is capable of locally heating a portion of the material corresponding to the front end of the at least one guide to a semi-molten state. .

  [63] The upsetting apparatus according to any one of [59] to [62], further comprising cooling means for locally cooling a portion of the material corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the at least one guide. .

  The present invention has the following effects.

  In the invention of [1], the diameter of at least two portions (first exposed portion and second exposed portion) of the material can be expanded without necessarily reversing the material. Therefore, when expanding the diameter of two or more parts of the material by upsetting, the diameter expansion can be performed efficiently.

  In the invention of [2], since the diameter of the exposed portion of the material is expanded in an unconstrained state, the exposed portion can be expanded with a low punch pressing force, that is, a low molding pressure, so that the driving force required for driving the punch can be increased. Can be reduced. Furthermore, since the exposed portion can be enlarged in diameter without using an expensive forming die having a forming recess, the manufacturing cost, that is, the processing cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, when the average moving speed G from the start of the guide movement satisfies a predetermined relational expression, buckling that may occur during machining can be reliably prevented.

  In the invention of [3], the exposed portion of the material can be reliably expanded to the designed shape.

  In the invention of [4], the upsetting product can be taken out from the guide insertion hole without any trouble after the processing is completed.

  In the invention of [5], since a round bar-shaped material made of a rolled material can be obtained or manufactured at a low cost, the processing cost can be reduced by using this material as an upsetting material.

  Furthermore, this material generally has a lower roundness than a round bar-shaped material made of extruded material.Therefore, when this material is inserted into the guide insertion hole, the surface between the surface of the material and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole is used. A gap is inevitably generated. Therefore, the contact area between the two is small. Therefore, since the frictional resistance when the material slides in the axial direction in the insertion hole of the guide is small, the molding pressure can be reduced. For this reason, a small-sized punch driving device for moving the punch can be used, so that the installation space of the upsetting apparatus can be saved.

  Furthermore, since the molding pressure can be reduced, there are the following advantages. That is, if the molding pressure is high, the end portion of the material is often crushed in the insertion hole of the guide by the pressing force from the punch. When this happens, a part of the material of the raw material enters the gap between the peripheral surface of the punch and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole, and as a result, the molding pressure increases, and as a result, the punch moves in the pressing direction within the insertion hole. There arises a problem that it becomes impossible to move and processing becomes impossible. Therefore, by reducing the molding pressure, such a problem does not occur, and the material can be diameter-expanded satisfactorily over a long region.

  In the invention of [6], since the raw material made of the cast rolled material can be obtained or manufactured at a lower cost, the processing cost can be further reduced by using this raw material as the upsetting material.

  In the invention of [7], since the raw material made of continuous cast rolling material can be obtained or manufactured at a lower cost, the processing cost can be further reduced by using this raw material as the upsetting material.

  The invention [8] has the following advantages. That is, as described above, a round bar-shaped material made of a rolled material has low roundness, so when this material is inserted into the guide insertion hole, a gap is necessarily formed between the surface of the material and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole. Will occur. When the lubricant is attached to the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of guides and / or the surface of the material, the lubricant enters the gap and is temporarily stored. Thereby, the spraying of the lubricant on the peripheral surface of the insertion hole and the surface of the material is promoted. That is, as the material slides in the insertion hole in the axial direction during processing, the lubricant in the gap is dispersed on the peripheral surface of the insertion hole and the surface of the material. Thereby, the frictional resistance between the peripheral surface of the insertion hole and the surface of the material can be reliably reduced, that is, the molding pressure can be reliably reduced.

  In the invention of [9], since the deformation resistance is locally reduced only for the portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide, the molding pressure can be reduced.

  On the other hand, since the part corresponding to the rear part of the material from the front end portion of the first guide is not heated, the deformation resistance does not decrease. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in molding pressure caused by the material bulging in the insertion hole of the first guide due to the pressing force from the punch.

  In the invention [10], the portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide can be reliably and extremely efficiently heated.

  In the invention of [11], the part of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide can be reliably and efficiently heated.

  In the invention of [12], the molding pressure can be greatly reduced.

  In the invention of [13], it is possible to reliably suppress the portion corresponding to the portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the first guide in the material from being heated. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress a decrease in deformation resistance at the corresponding part of the material.

  In the invention of [14], since the deformation resistance is locally reduced only at the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide in the material, the molding pressure can be reduced.

  On the other hand, since the part corresponding to the rear part of the material from the front end of the second guide is not heated, the deformation resistance does not decrease. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in molding pressure caused by the material swelling in the insertion hole of the second guide due to the pressing force from the punch.

  In the invention of [15], the part of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide can be reliably and extremely efficiently heated.

  In the invention of [16], the part of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide can be reliably and efficiently heated.

  In the invention of [17], the molding pressure can be greatly reduced.

  In the invention of [18], it is possible to reliably suppress the heating of the part corresponding to the rear part of the material from the front end portion of the second guide. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress a decrease in deformation resistance at the corresponding part of the material.

  In the invention of [19], a high-quality upsetting product in which two or more enlarged diameter portions are formed can be provided.

  In the invention [20], the diameter of at least three portions (that is, the first exposed portion, the second exposed portion, and the third exposed portion) of the material can be expanded without necessarily reversing the material. Therefore, when expanding the diameter of three or more parts of the material by upsetting, the diameter expansion can be performed efficiently.

  The inventions [21] to [37] have the same effects as the inventions [2] to [18].

  In the invention of [38], since the deformation resistance is locally reduced only at the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide in the material, the molding pressure can be reduced.

  On the other hand, since the portion corresponding to the portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the third guide in the material is not heated, the deformation resistance does not decrease. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in molding pressure caused by the material bulging in the insertion hole of the other side guide by the pressing force from the other side part punch.

  In the invention [39], the portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide can be reliably and extremely efficiently heated.

  In the invention [40], the portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide can be reliably and efficiently heated.

  In the invention [41], the molding pressure can be greatly reduced.

  In the invention of [42], it is possible to reliably suppress the heating of the part corresponding to the rear part of the material from the front end portion of the third guide. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress a decrease in deformation resistance at the corresponding part of the material.

  In the invention of [43], it is possible to provide a high-quality upsetting product in which three or more enlarged diameter portions are formed.

  In the inventions [44] to [53], an upsetting apparatus that can be suitably used in the upsetting method according to any one of the above [1] to [18] can be provided.

  In the inventions [54] to [63], an upsetting apparatus that can be suitably used in the upsetting method according to any one of the above [20] to [42] can be provided.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state before expanding the predetermined site | part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state in the middle of expanding the diameter of the predetermined part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state in which the predetermined part of a raw material is further expanded in diameter by the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state after expanding the predetermined site | part of the raw material with the upsetting apparatus. It is a top view of the upsetting product obtained by the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state before expanding the predetermined site | part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state in the middle of expanding the diameter of the predetermined part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state after expanding the predetermined site | part of the raw material with the upsetting apparatus. It is a top view of the upsetting product obtained by the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state before expanding the predetermined site | part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the XX line expanded sectional view in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state in the middle of expanding the diameter of the predetermined part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state after expanding the predetermined site | part of the raw material with the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state before expanding the predetermined site | part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is the YY line expanded sectional view in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state in the middle of expanding the diameter of the predetermined part of a raw material with the upsetting apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the upsetting apparatus in the state after expanding the predetermined site | part of the raw material with the upsetting apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

1A, 1B ... Upsetting machine 1 ... Material 2 ... Middle part
3R ... Right side (one side)
3L ... Left side (other side)
4 ... 1st exposed part 5 ... 2nd exposed part 6 ... 3rd exposed part 7 ... 1st enlarged diameter part 8 ... 2nd enlarged diameter part 9 ... 3rd enlarged diameter part
10A, 10B ... Upset product
20 ... fixed die
22 ... First molding recess
22a… Bottom
23 ... Second molding recess
24 ... Third molding recess
31 ... First right guide (first guide for one side)
31x ... Front end
32 ... Second right guide (second guide for one side)
32x ... Front end
34 ... Insertion hole
41 ... Left guide (guide for other side)
41x ... Front end
44 ... insertion hole
50R ... Right punch (one side punch)
50L ... Left punch (Punch for other side)
61 ... 1st right guide drive device (1st guide drive device for one side)
62 ... 2nd right guide drive device (2nd guide drive device for one side)
63 ... Left guide drive device (guide drive device for other side)
70R ... Right punch drive (one side punch drive)
70L ... Left punch drive device (Punch drive device for other side)
81. First induction heating means (heating means)
81a ... 1st induction heating coil
82 ... Second induction heating means (heating means)
82a ... 2nd induction heating coil
83. Third induction heating means (heating means)
83a ... 3rd induction heating coil
85. First cooling means
85a ... Coolant flow path
86 ... Second cooling means
86a ... Coolant flow path
87. Third cooling means
87a ... Coolant flow path
91. First lubricant adhering means
92 ... Second lubricant adhesion means

  Next, several embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 5 are schematic views for explaining an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, (1A) is an upsetting apparatus according to the first embodiment, and (1) is a material. In FIG. 5, (10A) is an upsetting product manufactured by the upsetting apparatus (1A). In this upsetting product (10A), approximately spherical (or substantially spindle-shaped) diameter-expanded portions (7), (8), and (9) are formed at three locations on a rod-shaped shaft portion.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the raw material (1) is a straight rod-shaped material, and is made of, for example, aluminum (including an alloy thereof, the same applies hereinafter). The cross-sectional shape of the material (1) is circular, and the cross-sectional area of the material (1) is set constant in the axial direction.

  In the present invention, the material of the material (1) is not limited to aluminum, and may be, for example, a metal such as brass, copper, stainless steel, or plastic. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the material (1) is not limited to a circular shape, and may be a polygonal shape such as a quadrangular shape or a hexagonal shape. The material (1) may be made of a rolled material, may be made of an extruded material, or may be made of a material manufactured by another method.

  As shown in Fig. 1, the upsetting machine (1A) prevents buckling of the fixed die (20) and one side (3R) of the axially opposite sides (3R) (3L) of the material (1). Buckling two side guides (31) (32) having insertion holes (34) that are inserted and held in a state and slidable in the axial direction, and the other side (3L) of the material (1) One other side guide (41) having an insertion hole (44) inserted and held in a blocked state so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and one side (3R) of the material (1) are pressed in the axial direction. And a punch for one side (50L) that presses the other side (3L) of the material (1) in the axial direction. In FIG. 1, (2) is an axial intermediate portion of the material (1).

  Here, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the material (1) is arranged in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, one side (3R) of the both sides (3R) (3L) in the axial direction of the material (1) is referred to as a “right side”, and the other side (3L) is referred to as a “left side”. Along with this, the guides for one side (31) and (32) are “right guide”, the guide for the other side (41) is “left guide”, the punch for one side (50R) is “right punch”, etc. The side punch (50L) is called “left punch”.

  The fixing die (20) is for fixing the material (1) so that the material (1) does not move in the axial direction during processing. The fixing die (20) is provided with a material fixing insertion hole (21) penetrating in the axial direction of the fixing die (20). The cross-sectional shape of the fitting hole (21) is a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the material (1), that is, a circular shape. The intermediate portion (2) in the axial direction of the material (1) is fitted into the fitting hole (21), thereby fixing the material (1).

  Further, the fixed die (20) is divided into a plurality of (for example, two) parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the fitting hole (21), that is, is formed of a split mold.

  The two right guides (31) and (32) are arranged side by side in the axial direction. In these right guides (31) and (32), the insertion holes (34) of the guides (31) and (32) are provided so as to penetrate in the axial direction of the guides. The cross-sectional shape of the insertion hole (34) is a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the right side portion (3R) of the material (1), that is, a circular shape, and the right side portion of the material (1) inserted through the insertion hole (34). (3R) can be held in a buckling-prevented state and slidable in the axial direction.

  In the present embodiment, of the two right guides (31) and (32), the guide (31) arranged on the front side is arranged as the “first right guide” and arranged on the rear side of the first right guide (31). The guide (32) is referred to as a “second right guide”.

  The first right guide (31) guides the material of the right side (3R) of the material (1) inserted into the insertion hole (34) to the fixed die (20) side. This material is guided into a free diameter expansion space formed between the first right guide (31) and the fixed die (20).

  The second right guide (32) guides the material on the right side (3R) of the material (1) inserted into the insertion hole (34) to the first right guide (31) side. Then, this material is guided into a free diameter expansion space formed between the second right guide (32) and the first right guide (31).

  The first right guide (31) can be divided into a plurality of pieces (for example, 2 to 4 pieces) on a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole (34). Similarly, the second right guide (32) can be divided into a plurality of pieces (for example, 2 to 4 pieces) on a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole (34). In the present invention, the second right guide (32) does not necessarily need to be splittable.

  (25) is a holding die part for holding the second right guide (32). The holding die portion (25) is provided with a holding hole (25a), and the second right guide (32) is inserted and held in the holding hole (25a) so as to be movable in the axial direction.

  The insertion hole (44) of the left guide (41) is provided so as to penetrate in the axial direction of the left guide (41), like the right guides (31) and (32). The cross-sectional shape of the insertion hole (44) is a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the left side (3L) of the material (1), that is, a circular shape, and the left side of the material (1) inserted through the insertion hole (44). The portion (3L) can be held in a buckling-prevented state and slidably movable in the axial direction.

  The left guide (41) guides the material of the left side (3L) of the material (1) inserted into the insertion hole (34) to the fixed die (20) side. Is guided in a free diameter expansion space formed between the left guide (41) and the fixed die (20).

  The right punch (50R) is disposed on the right end side of the material (1), and the left punch (50L) is disposed on the left end side of the material (1).

  Further, the upsetting apparatus (1A) includes two right guide driving devices (61) and (62) (one side guide driving device) and a left guide driving device (63) (other side guide driving device). Device), a right punch driving device (70R) (one side punch driving device), and a left punch driving device (70L) (other side punch driving device).

  The two right guide driving devices (61) and (62) respectively move the right guides (31) and (32) to the movement direction (55) of the right punch (50R) (that is, the right side portion of the material by the right punch (50R) ( It is moved in the opposite direction (35) to the pressing direction (3R) (see FIG. 2). Each right guide drive device (61) (62) is connected to the corresponding right guide (31) (32).

  Here, for convenience of explanation, of the right guide drive devices (61) and (62), the right guide drive device (61) connected to the first right guide (31) is referred to as “first right guide drive device”, 2 The right guide drive device (62) connected to the right guide (32) is referred to as a “second right guide drive device”.

  Each right guide drive device (61) (62) has a fluid pressure cylinder (hydraulic cylinder or gas pressure cylinder) as a drive source, and the corresponding right guide (31) (32) is moved by the drive force of this cylinder. It has been made.

  In the present invention, each right guide drive device (61) (62) may be configured to move the corresponding right guide (31) (32) by a mechanical cam, an electric motor, a spring or the like. good. Moreover, since each right guide drive device (61) (62) can make the speed of a corresponding right guide (31) (32) constant when the target shape (design shape) is determined, Although a device for controlling the speed is not required, it is possible to arbitrarily change the upset shape (the shape of the enlarged diameter portion) by providing a control device for controlling the moving speed.

  The left guide drive device (63) moves the left guide (41) in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the left punch (50L) (55) (that is, the pressing direction of the left side of the material (3L) by the left punch (50L)) ( 45) (see FIG. 3). The left guide driving device (63) is connected to the left guide (41). The left guide drive device (63) has a fluid pressure cylinder as a drive source, and moves the left guide (41) by the drive force of the cylinder.

  In the present invention, the left guide driving device (63) may be configured to move the left guide (41) by a mechanical cam, an electric motor, a spring or the like. In addition, since the left guide drive device (63) can make the speed of the left guide (41) constant when the target shape (design shape) is determined, a device for controlling the speed is necessary. However, it is possible to arbitrarily change the upset shape (the shape of the enlarged diameter portion) by providing a control device that controls the moving speed.

  The right punch drive device (70R) moves the right punch (50R) in the axial direction of the material (1) and presses the right side (3R) of the material (1) against the right punch (50R). It is for granting. The right punch driving device (70R) is connected to the right punch (50R), and applies a driving force to the right punch (50R) by fluid pressure (hydraulic pressure, gas pressure) or the like. In addition, the right punch driving device (70R) can make the speed of the right punch (50R) constant when the target shape (design shape) is determined, and thus a device for controlling the speed is necessary. However, it is possible to arbitrarily change the upset shape (the shape of the enlarged diameter portion) by providing a control device that controls the pressing speed.

  The left punch drive device (70L) moves the left punch (50L) in the axial direction of the material (1) and presses the left side (3L) of the material (1) against the left punch (50L). It is for granting. The left punch driving device (70L) is connected to the left punch (50L), and applies driving force to the left punch (50L) by fluid pressure (hydraulic pressure, gas pressure) or the like. Also, this left punch drive device (70L) can make the speed of the left punch (50L) constant when the target shape (design shape) is determined, so a device for controlling the speed is necessary. However, it is possible to arbitrarily change the upset shape (the shape of the enlarged diameter portion) by providing a control device that controls the pressing speed.

  Next, an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus (1A) will be described below.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, the axially intermediate portion (2) of the material (1) is inserted and disposed in the material fixing fitting hole (21) of the fixing die (20). Thereby, the raw material (1) is fixed so as not to move unintentionally in the axial direction at the axially intermediate portion (2).

  Further, the right side (3R) of the material (1) is sequentially inserted through the insertion holes (34) (34) of the two right guides (31) (32), thereby the right side (3R) of the material (1). ) In a buckling-prevented state and slidable in the axial direction.

  Also, the left side (3L) of the material (1) is inserted into the insertion hole (44) of the left guide (41), so that the left side (3L) of the material (1) is in a buckling-prevented state and axially. Hold it slidable. In this state, the right guides (31) and (32) are arranged side by side in the axial direction.

Furthermore, an initial clearance X is provided between the first right guide (31) and the fixed die (20). The interval of the initial clearance X is equal to the first right guide (31) and the fixed die before the movement of the right punch (50R) (that is, the pressing of the right side portion (3R) of the material by the right punch (50R)) is started. the first exposed portion of the material (1) which is exposed between the (20) (4) buckling limit length of the cross-sectional area of (X ₀₎ or less (preferably buckling limit length (X ₀₎ less than) Is set to In the present invention, the buckling limit length refers to the buckling limit length in the punch pressing force.

As in the above, an initial clearance X is also provided between the left guide (41) and the fixed die (20). The interval of the initial clearance X is such that the left guide (41) and the fixed die (20) are in the state before starting the movement of the left punch (50L) (that is, pressing the left side of the material (3L) by the left punch (50L)). setting the material is exposed (third exposure portion (6) buckling limit length of the cross-sectional area of 1) (X ₀₎ or less (preferably buckling limit length (X ₀₎ less than) between) Has been.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the right punch drive device (70R) is operated to move the right punch (50R), and the right punch (50R) moves the right side (3R) of the material (1) in the axial direction. By operating the two right guide drive devices (61) and (62) while pressing the two, the two right guides (31) and (32) are integrally brought into contact with each other in the direction of movement of the right punch (50R) ( Move in the opposite direction (35) to 55). Accordingly, the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) exposed between the first right guide (31) and the fixed die (20) is in an unconstrained state, that is, the peripheral surface of the first exposed portion (4). The diameter is expanded in a state in which is not restrained.

  Further, by operating the left punch driving device (70L) simultaneously with the right punch driving device (70R), the left punch (50L) is moved simultaneously with the right punch (50R). As a result, the left guide is driven while pressing the left side (3L) of the material (1) in the axial direction with the left punch (50L) simultaneously with the pressing of the right side (3R) of the material (1) by the right punch (50R). By operating the device (63), the left guide (41) is moved in the direction (45) opposite to the moving direction (55) of the left punch (50L). As a result, the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) exposed between the left guide (41) and the fixed die (20) is in an unconstrained state, that is, the peripheral surface of the third exposed portion (6) is constrained. The diameter is expanded in a state where it is not.

Here, it is desirable to provide a time lag t ₀ between the start of movement of the right punch (50R) and the start of movement of the first right guide (31). That is, when pressing the right side (3R) of the material (1) by the right punch (50R), as shown in FIG. 2, the position of the first right guide (31) is first fixed at the initial position. After that, the right punch (50R) is moved and the right side portion (3R) of the material (1) is pressed in the axial direction by the right punch (50R). After the elapse of time lag t _0, the right guides (31) and (32) are integrally fixed in a mutually contacted state while continuously pressing the right side (3R) of the material (1) with the right punch (50R). Move in direction (35). The moving speed of the right guides (31) and (32) at this time is such that the length of the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) is the cross-sectional area of the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1). It is controlled by the control devices of both right guide drive devices (61) and (62) so as to be equal to or less than the buckling limit length (preferably below the buckling limit length).

Also, as in the above, it is desirable to provide a time lag t ₀ between the time when the left punch (50L) starts moving and the time when the left guide (41) starts moving. That is, when pressing the left side (3L) of the material (1) by the left punch (50L) is started, the position of the left guide (41) is first fixed to the initial position, and then the left punch (50L ) Is moved, and the left side part (3L) of the material (1) is pressed in the axial direction by the left punch (50L). Then, after the elapse of time lag t ₀ , the left guide (41) is moved in the predetermined direction (45) while continuously pressing the left side (3L) of the material (1) with the left punch (50L). The moving speed of the left guide (41) at this time is the buckling limit when the length of the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) is the cross-sectional area of the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1). Control is performed by the control device of the left guide drive device (63) so as to be equal to or shorter than the length.

Note that the incremental volume of the material (1) that increases during the time lag t ₀ within the range of the initial clearance X is V ₀ , and the average movement speed from the start of movement of the right punch (50R) (or left punch (50L)). Where P is the cross-sectional area of the right side (3R) (or the left side (3L)) of the material (1) before upsetting, and the time lag t ₀ is expressed as t ₀ = V ₀ / (SP). Is done.

  In the present invention, the moving speed of the right punch (50R) may be constant or may vary. Similarly, the moving speeds of the right guides (31) and (32) may be constant or may vary.

  As in the above, the moving speed of the left punch (50L) may be constant or may vary. Similarly, the moving speed of the left guide (41) may be constant or may vary.

  As the right punch (50R) and the right guides (31) and (32) move, the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) moves between the first right guide (31) and the fixed die (20). The diameter is gradually expanded in an unconstrained state in the free diameter expansion space formed in the above.

  Similarly, with the movement of the left punch (50L) and the left guide (41), the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) is formed between the left guide (41) and the fixed die (20). In the free expanded space, the diameter is gradually expanded in an unconstrained state.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 3, when the first right guide (31) of the right guides (31) and (32) reaches the stop position determined by the setting, the movement of the first right guide (31) is stopped. (finish. At this time, the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) is expanded in the design shape, that is, substantially spherical (or substantially spindle-shaped). (7) is the 1st enlarged diameter part (refer FIG. 5) formed by the enlarged diameter of the 1st exposed part (4).

  Next, while pressing the right side (3R) of the material (1) with the right punch (50R), only the second right guide (32) is moved in the direction opposite to the moving direction (55) of the right punch (50R) (35 ). As a result, the second exposed portion (5) of the material (1) exposed between the second right guide (32) and the first right guide (31) becomes the second right guide (32) and the first right guide. The diameter is expanded in an unconstrained state in the free diameter expansion space formed between (31) and (31).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when the second right guide (32) reaches the stop position determined by design, the movement of the second right guide (32) and the movement of the right punch (50R) are stopped (end). To do. At this time, the diameter of the second exposed portion (5) of the material (1) is increased to a design shape, that is, a substantially spherical shape (or a substantially spindle shape). (8) is the 2nd enlarged diameter part (refer FIG. 5) formed by the enlarged diameter of the 2nd exposed part (5).

  On the other hand, as shown in the figure, when the left guide (41) reaches the stop position determined by design, the movement of the left guide (41) and the movement of the left punch (50L) are stopped (terminated). At this time, the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) is expanded in the design shape, that is, substantially spherical (or substantially spindle-shaped). (9) is a third enlarged diameter portion (see FIG. 5) formed by increasing the diameter of the third exposed portion (6).

  It is desirable that the stop time for moving the left guide (41) and the stop time for moving the second right guide (32) are the same. By doing so, the force required to fix the material (1) by the fixing die (20) (that is, the material fixing force) can be reduced, and the reaction force acting on the fixing die (20) during processing can be reduced. it can.

  The upsetting process of the material (1) is completed by the above procedure.

  Next, the material (1) is taken out from the insertion hole (21) of the fixed die (20) and the insertion holes (34) (44) of the guides (31) (32) (41), as shown in FIG. The desired upset product (10A) is obtained. At this time, since the first right guide (31) can be divided, the first right guide (31) of the upsetting product (10A) can be obtained by dividing the first right guide (31) when taking out. Removal from the insertion hole (34) can be performed without any trouble.

  This upsetting product (10A) is used as a preform for manufacturing a linear arm for a vehicle such as an automobile or a railway vehicle (ie, a preform for a vehicle arm). In this case, each of the enlarged diameter portions (7), (8), and (9) of the upsetting product (10A) is used as a joint portion (for example, a bush mounting portion) connected to another member. Furthermore, this upsetting product (10A) can be used as a knuckle arm preform or the like by bending it into an arc or the like.

  The upsetting apparatus and the upsetting method according to the present invention are not limited to those used for manufacturing vehicle arm preforms, but for manufacturing various product preforms. It is used.

  Thus, in the upsetting process of the first embodiment, the diameter of the right side portion (3R) of the material (1) can be expanded without reversing the material (1). Diameter expansion can be performed.

  Furthermore, since the diameter expansion process can be performed at the left part (3L) of the material (1) at the same time as the diameter expansion process at the two parts of the right side part (3R) of the material (1), the material (1 ) Can be efficiently expanded at a total of three locations.

  Furthermore, since each exposed portion (4), (5) and (6) of the material (1) is expanded in an unconstrained state, each exposed portion (4), (5) and (6) is expanded with a low punch pressing force. Therefore, the driving force required to drive each punch (50R) (50L) can be reduced. Furthermore, since the diameter of the exposed portions (4), (5), and (6) can be increased without using an expensive molding die having a molding recess, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Next, preferable processing conditions in the upsetting method of the first embodiment will be described below.

The average moving speed from the start of moving the right punch (50R) is P,
G, the average movement speed from the start of movement of the first right guide (31)
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material (1) before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The buckling limit length at the cross-sectional area of the first expanded portion (7) formed by expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) is X ₁ ,
The initial clearance between the first right guide (31) and the fixed die (20) is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ )
The time lag from the start of movement of the right punch (50R) to the start of movement of the first right guide (31) is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
The length of the first enlarged diameter portion (7) is L,
The length of the material (1) before the upsetting process required for the first enlarged diameter portion (7) is l ₀ ,
The upsetting time from the start of movement of the right punch (50R) is T,
And

In the case of t ₀ <T, G is
0 ≦ G ≦ P (X ₁ −X) / (l ₀ −X ₁ −Pt ₀ ) (i)
It is desirable that the following relational expression is satisfied.

  When G satisfies the relational expression (i), it is possible to reliably prevent buckling that may occur during the diameter expansion processing of the first exposed portion (4).

  The reason why the relational expression (i) is set for G will be described below.

<About the lower limit of G>
Since X satisfies the relational expression of 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ , when G is 0, the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) is not buckled. Therefore, the lower limit value of G is 0. However, when G is 0, the punch pressing force required for expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion (4) cannot be reduced. Therefore, G must be 0 or more, that is, the following equation holds.

  0 ≦ G (i-a)

  Further, it is particularly desirable that G satisfies the following relational expression (i-b).

(L−X) / {(l ₀ −L) / P−t ₀ } ≦ G (ib)

  When G satisfies the above relational expression (ib), the first exposed portion (4) is further designed as well as being able to satisfy the buckling that may occur during the diameter expansion processing of the first exposed portion (4). The diameter can be reliably expanded to the shape.

The reason is as follows. That is, when the first exposure unit (4) is expanded in the design shape, and time (l ₀ -L) / P required to l ₀ becomes L by pressing the right punch (50R), the The time {(L−X) / G} + t ₀ required for the interval between the first right guide (31) and the fixed die (20) to change from X to L due to the movement of one right guide (31) is Must be equal. Therefore, it is particularly desirable that G satisfies the relational expression (ib).

<About the upper limit of G>
The position of the front end portion of the first right guide (31) and the rear end portion of the length l ₀ from the fixed die (20) of the material (1) before upsetting required for the first enlarged diameter portion (7) The length of the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) when the position of the material matches the position of the buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1). The following is a condition for the upper limit of G.

However, when the position of the front end portion of the first right guide (31) matches the position of the rear end portion of l ₀ , the following equation (ic) is established.

l ₀ −PT = X + G (T−t ₀ ) (ic)

  From the above formula (i-c), T is represented by the following formula (i-c).

T = {l ₀ −X + Gt ₀ } / (G + P) (id)

In addition, in order to prevent the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) from buckling, the position of the front end portion of the first right guide (31) and the position of the rear end portion of l ₀ coincide. The length X + G (T−t ₀ ) of the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) in the case where the material is (1) is the buckling limit length at the cross-sectional area of the first enlarged diameter portion (7). It must be X ₁ below. Therefore, the following equation (ie) is established.

X + G (T−t ₀ ) ≦ X ₁ (ie)

  By substituting the above equation (i-d) into the above equation (i-e) and rearranging G, the following relational equation (i-f) is derived.

G ≦ P (X ₁ −X) / (l ₀ −X ₁ −Pt ₀ ) (if)

  The relational expression (i) is derived from the above formula (i-a) and the above formula (i-f).

As a matter of course, when 0 ≦ T ≦ t ₀ , G is G = 0.

The time lag t ₀ is particularly preferably 0 <t ₀ . The reason is as follows. That is, since 0 <t ₀ , the material (1) exposed in the range of the initial clearance X between the first right guide (31) and the fixed die (20) immediately after the start of the movement of the right punch (50R). The cross-sectional area of the first exposed portion (4) increases. Therefore, the buckling limit length in the 1st exposed part (4) of a raw material (1) can be lengthened, and buckling can be prevented still more reliably.

  Further, in the present invention, when the cross-sectional area of the first enlarged diameter portion (7) of the material (1) is not constant in the axial direction after upsetting, the first expansion of the material (1) after upsetting is performed. As the cross-sectional area of the diameter part (7), it is desirable to adopt a cross-sectional area in consideration of the shape of the first diameter-enlarged part (7), for example, to adopt the average cross-sectional area of the first diameter-enlarged part (7) In addition, the minimum cross-sectional area of the first enlarged diameter portion (7) may be adopted, or the maximum cross-sectional area of the first enlarged diameter portion (7) may be adopted.

  In the relational expression (i), the first right guide (31) is “left guide (41)”, the first exposed portion (4) is “third exposed portion (6)”, and the first enlarged diameter portion ( 7) is replaced with “third diameter expansion part (9)” and the right punch (50R) is replaced with “left punch (50L)”, so that the above relational expression (i) can also be applied to the left guide (41). It is. By doing so, it is possible to reliably prevent buckling that may occur during diameter expansion of the third exposed portion (6).

  In the first embodiment, chamfering may be performed on the opening edges of the insertion holes (34) and (44) of the guides (31), (32), and (41).

  6 to 9 are schematic views for explaining an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, (1B) is an upsetting apparatus according to the second embodiment, and (1) is a material. Moreover, in FIG. 9, (10B) is an upsetting product manufactured by the upsetting apparatus (1B). This upsetting product (10B) is obtained by forming substantially cylindrical enlarged diameter portions (7), (8), and (9) at three positions of a rod-shaped shaft portion.

  The configuration of the upsetting apparatus (1B) of the second embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the above-described first embodiment (1A).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the material (1) is a straight rod-like material as in the first embodiment, and its cross-sectional shape is circular.

  In the upsetting apparatus (1B) of the second embodiment, a first molding recess (22) is provided at the axially right end of the fixed die (20). Moreover, the 3rd shaping | molding recessed part (24) is provided in the axial direction left end part of the fixed die (20). Further, the upsetting apparatus (1B) includes a forming die portion (26) disposed on the rear side of the first right guide (31). The molding die part (26) has a second molding recess (23).

  A first male mold part (31a) that can be fitted into the first molding recess (22) is provided at the front end of the first right guide (31) so as to protrude forward. The front end of the second right guide (32) is provided with a second male mold part (32a) that can be fitted into the second molding recess (23) so as to protrude forward. The front end portion of the left guide (41) is provided with a third male portion (41a) that can be fitted into the third molding recess (24) so as to protrude forward.

  Other configurations of the upsetting apparatus (1B) are the same as those of the first embodiment (1A).

  Next, an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus (1B) will be described below with a focus on differences from the upsetting method of the first embodiment.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6, the axially intermediate portion (2) of the material (1) is inserted and disposed in the material fixing fitting hole (21) of the fixing die (20), and the right side portion of the material (1). (3R) is disposed in the first molding recess (22) and the second molding recess (23), and the left side (3L) of the material (1) is disposed in the third molding recess (24).

  Further, the right side portion (3R) of the material (1) is sequentially inserted and held in the insertion holes (34) and (34) of the two right guides (31) and (32). Further, the first male part (31a) of the first right guide (31) is fitted and inserted into the first molding recess (22), and the second male part (32a) of the second right guide (32). Is fitted and inserted into the second molding recess (23).

  Further, the left side (3L) of the material (1) is inserted and held in the insertion hole (44) of the left guide (41). Then, the third male part (41a) of the left guide (41) is fitted and inserted into the third molding recess (24).

Furthermore, an initial clearance X is provided between the front end portion of the first right guide (31) (more specifically, the front end portion of the first male mold portion (31a)) and the bottom portion (22a) of the first molding recess (22). It is desirable. The interval between the initial clearances X is the front end of the first right guide (31) in a state before starting the movement of the right punch (50R) (that is, pressing the material right side (3R) by the right punch (50R)). Less than the buckling limit length (X ₀ ) in the cross-sectional area of the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) exposed between the bottom and the bottom portion (22a) of the first molding recess (22) (preferably a seat). Less than the bending limit length (X _O ).

Further, an initial clearance X may be provided between the front end portion of the left guide (41) (more specifically, the front end portion of the third male mold portion (41a)) and the bottom portion (24a) of the third molding recess (24). desirable. The interval of the initial clearance X is the same as that of the front end of the left guide (41) in the state before the movement of the left punch (50L) (that is, the pressing of the left side (3L) of the material by the left punch (50L)) is started. The buckling limit length (X ₀ ) in the cross-sectional area of the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) exposed between the bottom portion (24a) of the three molded concave portions (24) is set.

  Next, the right punch (50R) is moved by operating the right punch driving device (70R), and the right punch (50R) is pressed against the right side (3R) of the material (1) in the axial direction. By operating the right guide drive device (61) (62), the two right guides (31) (31) are integrally attached to each other in the direction opposite to the moving direction (55) of the right punch (50R) ( 35) (see FIG. 7). Thus, the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) exposed between the front end portion of the first right guide (31) and the bottom portion (22a) of the first molded recess (22) becomes the first molded recess. Within (22), that is, in the state where the entire peripheral surface of the first exposed portion (4) is constrained by the peripheral surface of the first molding recess (22), the diameter is expanded.

  Further, the left punch (50L) is moved by operating the left punch drive (70L) simultaneously with the right punch drive (70R). As a result, the left guide (3L) is pressed with the left punch (50L) in the axial direction at the same time as the right side (3R) of the material (1) is pressed by the right punch (50R). 41) is moved in the direction (45) opposite to the direction of movement (55) of the left punch (50L). As a result, the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) exposed between the front end portion of the left guide (41) and the bottom portion (24a) of the third molded concave portion (24) becomes the third molded concave portion (24 ), That is, in a state where the entire peripheral surface of the third exposed portion (6) is constrained by the peripheral surface of the third molding recess (24).

Here, it is desirable to provide a time lag t ₀ between the start of movement of the right punch (50R) and the start of movement of the first right guide (31).

Also, as in the above, it is desirable to provide a time lag t ₀ between the time when the left punch (50L) starts moving and the time when the left guide (41) starts moving.

  As the right punch (50R) and the right guides (31) and (32) move, the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) is gradually expanded in diameter within the first molding recess (22).

  Similarly, with the movement of the left punch (50L) and the left guide (41), the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) is gradually expanded in diameter in the third molding recess (24).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 7, when the first right guide (31) reaches the stop position determined by the setting, the movement of the first right guide (31) is stopped (terminated). At this time, the first exposed portion (4) of the material (1) is expanded in the design shape, that is, in a substantially cylindrical shape, in the first molding recess (22). (7) is the 1st enlarged diameter part (refer FIG. 9) formed by the enlarged diameter of the 1st exposed part (4).

  Next, while pressing the right side (3R) of the material (1) with the right punch (50R), only the second right guide (32) is moved in the direction opposite to the moving direction (55) of the right punch (50R) (35 ). Thereby, the second of the material (1) exposed between the front end portion of the second right guide (32) (specifically, the front end portion of the second male mold portion (32a)) and the first right guide (31). The exposed portion (5) is expanded in diameter in the second molding recess (23).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8, when the second right guide (32) reaches the stop position determined by design, the movement of the second right guide (32) and the movement of the right punch (50R) are stopped (finished). To do. At this time, the diameter of the second exposed portion (5) of the material (1) is expanded in the design shape, that is, in a substantially cylindrical shape, in the second molding recess (23). (8) is the 2nd enlarged diameter part (refer FIG. 9) formed by the enlarged diameter of the 2nd exposed part (5).

  On the other hand, as shown in the figure, when the left guide (41) reaches the stop position determined by design, the movement of the left guide (41) and the movement of the left punch (50L) are stopped (terminated). At this time, the diameter of the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) is expanded in a designed shape, that is, a substantially columnar shape, in the third molding recess (24). (9) is a third enlarged diameter portion (see FIG. 9) formed by increasing the diameter of the third exposed portion (6).

  It is desirable that the stop time for moving the left guide (41) and the stop time for moving the second right guide (32) are the same.

  The upsetting process of the material (1) is completed by the above procedure.

  Next, the material (1) is taken out from the insertion hole (21) of the fixed die (20) and the insertion holes (34) (44) of the guides (31) (32) (41), as shown in FIG. The desired upset product (10B) is obtained.

  This upsetting product (10B) can be used as, for example, a vehicle arm preform, as with the upsetting product (10A) of the first embodiment.

  The upsetting apparatus and the upsetting method according to the present invention are not limited to those used for manufacturing vehicle arm preforms, but for manufacturing various product preforms. It is used.

  Thus, in the upsetting process of the second embodiment, the exposed portions (4), (5), and (6) of the material (1) are expanded in the corresponding molding recesses (22), (23), and (24). Since the diameter is increased, the expanded portions (7), (8), and (9) of the designed shape can be reliably formed.

  Next, preferable processing conditions in the upsetting method of the second embodiment will be described below.

The average moving speed from the start of moving the right punch (50R) is P,
G, the average movement speed from the start of movement of the first right guide (31)
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material (1) before upsetting is X ₀ ,
An initial clearance between the front end portion of the first right guide (31) and the bottom portion (22a) of the first molding recess (22) is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The length of the material before upsetting required for the first enlarged diameter portion (7) formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion (4) is L ₀ ,
First shaping recess (22) the bottom of the distal end portion of the right punch obtained from the design volume of the first enlarged diameter portion (7) (50R) stop positions for (22a) X _P,
The stop position of the front end portion of the first right guide (31) determined by design with respect to the first molding recess (22) bottom portion (22a) is X _g
The time lag from the start of movement of the right punch (50R) to the start of movement of the first right guide (31) is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
And

  In this upsetting method, it is desirable that G satisfies the following formula (ii).

G = P (X _g −X) / (L ₀ −X _P −Pt ₀ ) (ii)

  When G satisfies the above formula (ii), the diameter of the first exposed portion (4) can be reliably expanded to the design shape.

  The reason why the above formula (ii) is set for G will be described below.

When the time from the start of the movement of the right punch (50R) to the end of the diameter expansion of the first exposed portion (4) (that is, the processing time of the first exposed portion (4)) is t, the first exposed portion (4) The distance between the front end portion of the right punch (50R) and the bottom portion (22a) of the first molding recess (22) at the end t of the diameter expansion processing, that is, the first molding recess of the front end portion of the right punch (50R) position X _P for (22) the bottom (22a) is given by the following formula (ii-a).

L ₀ −Pt = X _P (ii-a)
∴t = (L ₀ −X _P ) / P (ii-b)

Further, the distance between the front end portion of the first right guide (31) and the bottom portion (22a) of the first molding recess (22) at the end t of the diameter expansion processing of the first exposed portion (4), that is, the first position X _P with respect to the first shaping recess (22) the bottom of the front end of the right guide (31) (22a) is given by the following formula (ii-c).

X + G (t−t ₀ ) = X _g (ii-c)

  By substituting the above equation (ii-b) into the equation (ii-c) and rearranging G, the above equation (ii) is derived.

  In the second embodiment, chamfering may be performed on the opening edge portions of the insertion holes (34) and (44) of the guides (31), (32), and (41).

  10 to 13 are schematic diagrams for explaining an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 10, (1C) is an upsetting apparatus according to the third embodiment. 10, the same components as those of the upsetting apparatus (1A) according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Hereinafter, the configuration of the upsetting apparatus (1C) of the third embodiment will be described focusing on the difference from the upsetting apparatus (1A) of the first embodiment.

  The upsetting product manufactured by the upsetting apparatus (1C) of the third embodiment is the same as the upsetting product (10A) shown in FIG.

  In the third embodiment, the material (1) has a round bar shape, and more specifically, a solid round bar shape. Furthermore, this raw material (1) consists of a rolling material, for example, what was rolled and formed into the round bar shape with the rolling roll, ie, what was manufactured by roll rolling forming. Furthermore, this raw material (1) is made of a cast rolled material in detail, and in more detail, it is made of a continuous cast rolled material manufactured by a known propel method. However, in the present invention, the rolled material is not limited to a continuous cast rolled material manufactured by the Properti method, and may be a rolled material manufactured by other methods.

  In addition, a cast rolling material means the thing manufactured by rolling a casting, for example. In this case, as the casting, for example, a casting obtained by a known casting method such as a unidirectional solidification casting method is used.

  The cross-sectional shape of the material (1) is circular (substantially circular), but when the cross-section of the material (1) is enlarged as shown in FIG. 11, the cross-sectional shape of the material (1) is a hexagon or more. It has a polygonal shape. Therefore, the roundness of the cross section of the material (1) is lower than that of a material made of a round bar-like extruded material.

  The upsetting apparatus (1C) of the third embodiment includes all the components of the upsetting apparatus (1A) of the first embodiment and three heating means (81) (82) (83). And three cooling means (85) (86) (87) and one or a plurality of (two in this embodiment) lubricant attaching means (91) (92).

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, the cross-sectional shape of the insertion hole (34) of the second guide (32) is circular. The roundness of the insertion hole (34) is higher than the roundness of the cross section of the material (1). The diameter of each insertion hole (34) is set to be the same as or slightly larger than the maximum diameter of the material (1). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, in a state where the material (1) is inserted through the insertion hole (34), a slight gap (K) is formed between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (34). Inevitably occurs. Furthermore, for the same reason, there is a slight gap (K) between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (34) of the first right guide (31). There is a slight gap (K) between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (44) of the third guide (41).

  The three heating means (81), (82), and (83) have the same configuration. Of these three heating means (81) (82) (83), the first heating means (81) is the front end (31x) of the first right guide (31) in the right side (3R) of the material (1). ) Is heated locally (11x). The second heating means (82) locally heats the portion (12x) corresponding to the front end (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side (3R) of the material (1). is there. The third heating means (33) locally heats a portion (13x) corresponding to the front end (41x) of the left guide (41) in the left side (3L) of the material (1).

  The first heating means (81) is a first induction heating means having a first induction heating coil (81a) and a power source (not shown) for supplying an alternating current (alternating voltage) to the coil (81a). is there. The surface of the coil (31a) is covered with an insulating layer (not shown) made of an insulating tape or the like. Further, the coil (31a) is embedded in the front end (31x) of the first right guide (31) so as to surround the insertion hole (34).

  The first right guide (31) is made of a hard non-conductive material having heat resistance such as ceramic, or a hard conductive material having heat resistance such as steel (eg, heat-resistant metal). Material).

  In the first induction heating means (81), when a current (voltage) of a predetermined frequency (eg, high frequency or low frequency) is supplied to the coil (81a) by the power supply unit, the coil (81a) causes the right side of the material (1). The part (11x) corresponding to the front end part (31x) of the first right guide (31) in the part (3R) is configured to be induction-heated locally. Further, the first induction heating means (81) increases the induction heating temperature of the part (11x) of the material (1) by increasing the amount of current supplied to the coil (81a) and the like ( 11x) can be heated to a semi-molten state.

  A 2nd heating means (82) is a 2nd induction heating means which has a 2nd induction heating coil (82a) and a power supply part (82b) which supplies an alternating current (alternating voltage) to this coil (82a). The surface of the coil (82a) is covered with an insulating layer (not shown) made of an insulating tape or the like. Further, the coil (82a) is embedded in the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32) so as to surround the insertion hole (34).

  The second right guide (32) is made of, for example, a hard non-conductive material having heat resistance such as ceramic, or a hard conductive material having heat resistance such as steel (eg, heat-resistant metal). Material).

  In the second induction heating means (82), when a current (voltage) of a predetermined frequency (eg, high frequency or low frequency) is supplied to the coil (82a) by the power supply unit (82b), the coil (82a) uses the material (1 The portion (12x) corresponding to the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side portion (3R) is locally induction-heated. Further, the second induction heating means (82) increases the induction heating temperature of the predetermined portion (12x) of the material (1) by increasing the amount of current supplied to the coil (82a) and the like ( 12x) can be heated to a semi-molten state.

  A 3rd heating means (83) is a 3rd induction heating means which has a 3rd induction heating coil (83a) and a power supply part (83b) which supplies an alternating current (alternating voltage) to this coil (83a). The surface of the coil (83a) is covered with an insulating layer (not shown) made of an insulating tape or the like. Further, the coil (83a) is embedded in the front end (41x) of the left guide (41) so as to surround the insertion hole (44).

  The left guide (41) is made of a hard non-conductive material having heat resistance such as ceramic, or a hard conductive material having heat resistance such as steel (eg, heat-resistant metal material). Consists of.

  In this third induction heating means (83), when a current (voltage) of a predetermined frequency (eg, high frequency or low frequency) is supplied to the coil (83a) by the power supply unit (83b), the coil (83a) causes the material (1 ) In the left portion (3L) of the left guide (41) corresponding to the front end portion (41x) (13x) is locally heated by induction. Further, the third induction heating means (83) increases the induction heating temperature of the predetermined part (13x) of the material (1) by increasing the amount of current supplied to the coil (83a) and the like ( 13x) can be heated to a semi-molten state.

  The three cooling means (85) (86) (87) have the same configuration. Of these three cooling means (85) (86) (87), the first cooling means (85) is the front end (31x) of the first right guide (31) at the right side (3R) of the material (1). The part (11y) corresponding to the part on the rear side of () is locally cooled. Further, the second cooling means (86) has a portion (12y) corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side portion (3R) of the material (1). Cooling. Further, the third cooling means (87) locally places a part (13y) corresponding to a part on the rear side of the left end (3L) of the material (1) from the front end part (41x) of the left guide (41). It is to be cooled.

  The first cooling means (85) has a coolant flow path (85a) provided in the region from the front end (31x) to the rear end of the first right guide (31). And the 1st cooling means (85) distribute | circulates cooling fluids, such as cooling water, in this cooling fluid flow path (85a), and thereby the 1st right guide (31R) in the right side part (3R) of a raw material (1). The portion (11y) corresponding to the portion on the rear side of the front end portion (31x) is locally cooled.

  The second cooling means (86) has a coolant flow path (86a) provided inside the rear end of the second right guide (32). And the 2nd cooling means (86) distribute | circulates cooling fluids, such as cooling water, in this cooling fluid flow path (86a), The 2nd right guide (32 in the right side part (3R) of a raw material (1)). ) Is configured to locally cool the portion (12y) corresponding to the rear portion of the front end portion (32x).

  The third cooling means (87) has a coolant flow path (87a) provided inside the rear end of the left guide (41). And the 3rd cooling means (87) distribute | circulates cooling fluids, such as cooling water, in this cooling fluid flow path (87a), and thereby the left guide (41) of the left side part (3L) of the raw material (1) A part (13y) corresponding to a part behind the front end part (41x) is locally cooled.

  The two lubricant attaching means (91) and (92) have the same configuration. Of these two lubricant adhering means (91) and (92), the first lubricant adhering means (91) is an insertion hole (34) in the first right guide (31) and the second right guide (32) ( 34) A lubricant (not shown) is attached to each peripheral surface. The second lubricant attaching means (92) is for attaching the lubricant to the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (44) of the left guide (41).

  The lubricant is used to reduce the frictional resistance between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surfaces of the insertion holes (34) (34) (44) of the guides (31) (32) (41). is there. As this lubricant, for example, a liquid lubricant such as an oil-based lubricant is used. Specifically, for example, “Oildag” (trade name) manufactured by Japan Atchison Co., Ltd., “Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.” “Dafney Dyna Draw” (trade name) is used.

  The first lubricant adhering means (91) has a nozzle (91a) for ejecting the lubricant and a lubricant supply section (91b) for supplying the lubricant to the nozzle (91a). Then, by ejecting the lubricant from the nozzle (91a), the lubricant is injected into the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (34) of the first right guide (31) and the insertion hole (34) of the second right guide (32). It is comprised so that each may be sprayed and adhered to the surrounding surface.

  However, in the present invention, the first lubricant adhering means (91) may be applied by spraying the lubricant onto the surface of the right side (3R) of the material (1), or through it. You may spray and adhere a lubricant to both the surrounding surface of a hole (34), and the surface of the right side part (3R) of a raw material (1).

  The second lubricant adhering means (92) has a nozzle (92a) for ejecting the lubricant and a lubricant supply part (92b) for supplying the lubricant to the nozzle (92a). And it is comprised so that this lubricant may be sprayed and adhered to the surrounding surface of the insertion hole (44) of a left guide (41) by ejecting a lubricant from this nozzle (92a).

  However, in the present invention, the second lubricant adhering means (92) may be a means for spraying and adhering the lubricant to the surface of the left side (3L) of the material (1). You may spray and adhere a lubricant to both the surrounding surface of a hole (44), and the surface of the left side part (3L) of a raw material (1).

  Next, an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus (1C) of the third embodiment will be described below.

  First, lubricants are attached to the peripheral surfaces of the insertion holes (34), (34), and (44) of the guides (31), (32), and (41) by corresponding lubricant attaching means (91) and (92), respectively. Furthermore, a lubricant may be attached to the surfaces of the right side (3R) and the left side (3L) of the material (1).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the intermediate portion (2) in the axial direction of the material (1) is inserted and disposed in the material fixing fitting hole (21) of the fixing die (20). Thereby, the material (1) is fixed so as not to move in the axial direction.

  Further, the right side portion (3R) of the material (1) is sequentially inserted into the insertion holes (34) (34) of the first right guide (31) and the second right guide (32). In this state, as shown in FIG. 11, a gap (K) between the surface of the right side (3R) of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of each insertion hole (34) (34) has an insertion hole ( 34) A lubricant (not shown) adhering to the peripheral surface of (34) enters due to capillary action or the like, and the lubricant is temporarily stored in the gap (K).

  Further, the left side portion (3L) of the material (1) is inserted into the insertion hole (44) of the left guide (41). In this state, the lubricant adhering to the circumferential surface of the insertion hole (44) is placed in the gap between the surface of the left side (3L) of the material (1) and the circumferential surface of the insertion hole (44), as above. It is temporarily stored.

  Furthermore, by supplying a current of a predetermined frequency to the coil (81a) of the first induction heating means (81) by the power supply unit, the front end of the first right guide (31) in the right side part (3R) of the material (1) The part (11x) corresponding to the part (31x) is locally induction-heated to a predetermined temperature. Thereby, the deformation resistance in the said part (11x) of a raw material (1) falls locally.

  The heating temperature may be any temperature as long as the deformation resistance of the portion (11x) of the material (1) is reduced, and is not limited, but specific examples of suitable heating temperatures are as follows: It is as follows.

  For example, when the material of the material (1) is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, 200 to 580 ° C. (particularly preferably 350 to 540 ° C.) may be mentioned as a suitable heating temperature range. Furthermore, when the said part (11x) of a raw material (1) is heated locally to a semi-molten state, 580-625 degreeC (especially preferably 600-615 degreeC) etc. are mentioned as a suitable heating temperature range. . However, the present invention is not limited to the heating temperature within the above range.

  Furthermore, a first liquid guide (31) on the right side (3R) of the material (1) is circulated by circulating a coolant such as room temperature coolant in the coolant flow passage (85a) of the first cooling means (85). The part (11y) corresponding to the part on the rear side of the front end part (31x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (11y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  In this case, a preferable cooling temperature range is, for example, 30 to 80 ° C. (particularly preferably 40 to 60 ° C.). However, the present invention is not limited to the cooling temperature within the above range.

  On the other hand, no current is supplied to the coil (82a) of the second induction heating means (82), and therefore corresponds to the front end (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side (3R) of the material (1). Do not heat the part (12x). Therefore, the deformation resistance at the part (12x) of the material (1) does not decrease.

  Furthermore, the second right guide (32) on the right side (3R) of the material (1) is circulated through the coolant flow passage (86a) of the second cooling means (86) by circulating a coolant such as room temperature coolant. The portion (12y) corresponding to the rear portion of the front end portion (32x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (12y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  The preferred cooling temperature range in this case is the same as the above range.

  Further, by supplying a current of a predetermined frequency to the coil (83a) of the third induction heating means (83) by the power supply part (83b), the left guide (41) of the left part (3L) of the material (1) A part (13x) corresponding to the front end part (41x) is locally induction-heated to a predetermined temperature. Thereby, the deformation resistance in the said part (13x) of a raw material (1) falls locally.

  The heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as the deformation resistance of the portion (13x) of the material (1) is reduced, and a suitable heating temperature is specifically exemplified. The range of heating temperature is the same as the above range.

  Furthermore, by circulating a cooling liquid such as room temperature cooling water in the cooling liquid flow passage (87a) of the third cooling means (87), the left guide (41) of the left side (3L) of the material (1) The region (13y) corresponding to the region behind the front end (41x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (13y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  The preferred cooling temperature range in this case is the same as the above range.

  Next, while maintaining such a state, the first exposed portion (4) and the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) are processed by the same procedure as the upsetting method shown in the first embodiment. Are simultaneously expanded in an unconstrained state.

  And as shown in FIG. 12, when the 1st exposed part (4) of a raw material (1) is expanded in the design shape, ie, substantially spherical shape (or substantially spindle shape), a 2nd induction heating means (82) By supplying a current of a predetermined frequency to the coil (82a) by the power supply unit (82b), it corresponds to the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side portion (3R) of the material (1). The part (12x) is locally heated to a predetermined temperature. Thereby, the deformation resistance in the said part (12x) of a raw material (1) falls locally.

  The heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as the deformation resistance of the portion (12x) of the material (1) is reduced, and a suitable heating temperature is specifically exemplified. The range of heating temperature is the same as the above range.

  Further, by continuously circulating the coolant in the coolant flow passage (86a) of the second cooling means (86), the front end portion of the second right guide (32) in the right portion (3R) of the material (1) ( The part (12y) corresponding to the rear part of 32x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (12y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  Next, while maintaining such a state, the second exposed portion (5) and the second exposed portion (5) of the material (1) and the first are processed by the same procedure as the upsetting method shown in the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 3 The diameter of the exposed portion (6) is simultaneously expanded in an unconstrained state.

  The upsetting process of the material (1) is completed by the above procedure.

  Next, the material (1) is removed from the insertion hole (21) of the fixed die (20) and the insertion holes (34) (34) (44) of the guides (31) (32) (41). The desired upsetting product (10A) shown in FIG.

  Thus, the upsetting method of the third embodiment has the following advantages in addition to the advantages of the upsetting method of the first embodiment.

  That is, since the material (1) is made of a round bar-shaped rolled material, the material (1) can be obtained or manufactured at a low cost. Therefore, the processing cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the raw material (1) is made of a cast rolled material, the raw material (1) can be obtained or manufactured at a lower cost. Therefore, the processing cost can be further reduced. Moreover, since the material (1) is made of a continuously cast rolled material manufactured by the Properti method, the material (1) can be obtained or manufactured at a much lower cost. Therefore, the processing cost can be further reduced.

  Therefore, according to the upsetting method of the fourth embodiment, an inexpensive upsetting product (10A) can be provided.

  Furthermore, this material (1) has a lower roundness than a round bar-shaped material made of extruded material. Therefore, when the material (1) is inserted into the insertion holes (34), (34), and (44) of the guides (31), (32), and (41), as described above, the surface of the material (1) and the insertion holes ( 34) A gap (K) inevitably occurs between the peripheral surfaces of (34) and (44) (see FIG. 11). Therefore, the contact area between the two is small. Therefore, when the material (1) slides in the axial direction in the insertion holes (34), (34), and (44) of the guides (31), (32), and (41) at the time of processing, the friction resistance force is small. Pressure can be reduced. Therefore, a small punch drive device (70R) (70L) for moving each punch (50R) (50L) can be used, and the installation space of the upsetting device (1C) can be saved. .

  Furthermore, since the molding pressure can be reduced, there are the following advantages. That is, if the molding pressure is large, the end of the material (1) is pushed into the insertion holes (34) (44) of the guides (32) (41) by the pressing force from each punch (50R) (50L). It often happens that it is crushed. When this happens, a part of the material (1) enters the gap between the peripheral surface of each punch (50R) (50L) and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (34) (44). The molding pressure increases, and as a result, the respective punches (50R) (50L) cannot move in the pressing direction within the insertion holes (34) (44), resulting in a problem that machining becomes impossible. Therefore, by reducing the molding pressure, such a problem does not occur, and thus the material (1) can be diameter-expanded satisfactorily over a long region.

  In addition, since the lubricant is attached to the peripheral surfaces of the insertion holes (34), (34), and (44) of the guides (31), (32), and (41), there are the following advantages. That is, since a gap (K) is generated between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surfaces of the insertion holes (34), (34), and (44), the lubricant enters the gap (K). Can be temporarily stored. Thereby, the spraying of the lubricant on the peripheral surfaces of the insertion holes (34), (34) and (44) and the surface of the material (1) is promoted. That is, as the material (1) slides in the axial direction in the insertion holes (34), (34) and (44) during processing, the lubricant in the gap (K) is inserted into the insertion holes (34) (34) ( 44) and the surface of the material (1). Thereby, the frictional resistance between the peripheral surface of the insertion holes (34), (34) and (44) and the surface of the material (1) can be reliably reduced, that is, the molding pressure can be reliably reduced.

  Furthermore, the part (11x) (12x) (13x) corresponding to the front end (31x) (32x) (41x) of each guide (31) (32) (41) in the material (1) is locally induction-heated. Thereby, since the deformation resistance in the said part (11x) (12x) (13x) of a raw material (1) falls locally, a shaping | molding pressure can be reduced.

  On the other hand, the part (11y) (12y) (13y) corresponding to the part behind the front end part (31x) (32x) (41x) of each guide (31) (32) (41) in the material (1) is Since it is not heated, the deformation resistance does not decrease. Therefore, the material (1) is swelled in the insertion holes (34) (34) (44) of the guides (31) (32) (41) by the pressing force from the punches (50R) (50L). An increase in molding pressure can be prevented.

  Further, the predetermined part (11x) (11x) (12x) (13x) of the material (1) is locally induction-heated by induction heating means (85) (86) (87). ) (12x) (13x) can be heated reliably and extremely efficiently.

  Furthermore, in this invention, you may heat the predetermined site | part (11x) (12x) (13x) of a raw material (1) to a semi-molten state by raising heating temperature. In this case, the molding pressure can be greatly reduced. In this case, the upsetting process falls within the category of thixo molding.

  Furthermore, the part (11y) (12y) (13y) corresponding to the rear part of the front end (31x) (32x) (41x) of each guide (31) (32) (41) in the material (1) Since it is cooled locally, it can suppress reliably that the said site | part (11y) (12y) (13y) of a raw material (1) is heated. Therefore, it is possible to surely suppress a decrease in deformation resistance at the portions (11y), (12y), and (13y) of the material (1).

  In the said 3rd Embodiment, the site | part (11x) (12x) (13x) corresponding to the front-end part (31x) (32x) (41x) of each guide (31) (32) (41) in a raw material (1) is guide | induced. Inductive heating is locally performed by the heating means (85) (86) (87). However, in the present invention, the front end portions (31x) (32x) (41x) of the guides (31) (32) (41) are locally induction-heated by the induction heating means (85) (86) (87), Thereby, the site | part (11x) (12x) (13x) corresponding to the front-end part (31x) (32x) (41x) of each guide (31) (32) (41) in a raw material (1) is set to each guide (31 ) (32) (41) The front end portions (31x), (32x) and (41x) may be locally heated. That is, by conducting the heat of the front ends (31x) (32x) (41x) of the guides (31) (32) (41) to the parts (11x) (12x) (13x) of the material (1), The part (11x) (12x) (13x) of the material (1) may be locally heated. In this case, the predetermined part (11x) (12x) (13x) of the raw material (1) can be reliably and efficiently heated. In this case, the guides (31), (32) and (41) are preferably made of a heat-resistant conductive material (eg, heat-resistant metal material) such as steel.

  14 to 17 are schematic views for explaining an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 14, (1D) is an upsetting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. In FIG. 14, the same components as those of the upsetting apparatus (1B) according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Hereinafter, regarding the configuration of the upsetting apparatus (1D) of the fourth embodiment, the difference between the upsetting apparatus (1B) of the second embodiment and the upsetting apparatus (1C) of the third embodiment will be described. The explanation is centered.

  The upsetting product manufactured by the upsetting apparatus (1D) of the fourth embodiment is the same as the upsetting product (10B) shown in FIG.

  In the fourth embodiment, the material (1) is made of a round bar-like rolled material as in the case of the above-described third embodiment. It consists of a continuous cast rolled material produced by the Properchi method.

  The cross-sectional shape of the material (1) is circular (substantially circular), but when the cross-section of the material (1) is enlarged as shown in FIG. 15, the cross-sectional shape of the material (1) is a hexagon or more. It has a polygonal shape. Therefore, the roundness of the cross section of the material (1) is lower than that of a material made of a round bar-like extruded material.

  The upsetting apparatus (1D) of the fourth embodiment includes all the components of the upsetting apparatus (1B) of the second embodiment, and three heating means (81) (82) (83). And three cooling means (85) (86) (87) and one or a plurality of (two in this embodiment) lubricant attaching means (91) (92).

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 15, the cross-sectional shape of the insertion hole (34) of the second guide (32) is circular. The roundness of the insertion hole (34) is higher than the roundness of the cross section of the material (1). The diameter of each insertion hole (43) is set to be the same as or slightly larger than the maximum diameter of the material (1). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, in a state where the material (1) is inserted through the insertion hole (34), a slight gap (K) is formed between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (34). Inevitably occurs. Furthermore, for the same reason, there is a slight gap (K) between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (34) of the first right guide (31). There is a slight gap (K) between the surface of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (44) of the third guide (41).

  The three heating means (81), (82), and (83) have the same configuration. Of these three heating means (81) (82) (83), the first heating means (81) is the front end (31x) of the first right guide (31) in the right side (3R) of the material (1). ) Is heated locally (11x). The second heating means (82) locally heats the portion (12x) corresponding to the front end (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side (3R) of the material (1). is there. The third heating means (83) locally heats the portion (41x) corresponding to the front end (41x) of the left guide (41) in the left side (3L) of the material (1).

  The first heating means (81) is a first induction heating means having a first induction heating coil (81a) and a power source (not shown) for supplying an alternating current (alternating voltage) to the coil (81a). is there. The surface of the coil (81a) is covered with an insulating layer (not shown) made of an insulating tape or the like. Further, the coil (81a) is embedded in the fixed die (20) so as to surround the first molding recess (22).

  The first right guide (31) is made of a hard conductive material having heat resistance (eg, heat resistant metal material) such as steel. Similarly, the fixed die (20) is made of a hard conductive material having heat resistance (eg, heat resistant metal material) such as steel.

  In the first induction heating means (81), when a current (voltage) of a predetermined frequency (eg, high frequency or low frequency) is supplied to the coil (81a) by the power supply unit, the first right guide (31) is supplied by the coil (81a). ) Front end part (31x) (specifically, the front end part (31x) of the male part (31a)) is locally induction-heated, whereby the first part in the right side part (3R) of the material (1) The part (11x) corresponding to the front end (31x) of the right guide (31) is configured to be locally heated by the heat of the front end (31x) of the first right guide (31). That is, heat of the front end portion (31x) of the first right guide (31) is conducted to the portion (11x) of the material (1), and the portion (11x) of the material (1) is locally heated. It is configured. Further, the first induction heating means (81) increases the heating temperature of the part (11x) of the material (1) by increasing the amount of current supplied to the coil (81a) and the like (11x). ) Can be heated to a semi-molten state.

  A 2nd heating means (82) is a 2nd induction heating means which has a 2nd induction heating coil (82a) and a power supply part (82b) which supplies an alternating current (alternating voltage) to this coil (82a). The surface of the coil (82a) is covered with an insulating layer (not shown) made of an insulating tape or the like. Further, the coil (82a) is embedded in the molding die portion (26) of the fixed die (20) so as to surround the second molding recess (23).

  The second right guide (32) is made of a hard conductive material having heat resistance (eg, heat resistant metal material) such as steel.

  In the second induction heating means (82), when a current (voltage) of a predetermined frequency (eg, high frequency or low frequency) is supplied to the coil (82a) by the power source (82b), the coil (82a) The front end part (32x) of the guide (32) (specifically, the front end part (32x) of the male part (32a)) is locally heated by induction, whereby the right side part (3R) of the material (1) The portion (12x) corresponding to the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32) is locally heated by the heat of the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32). Yes. That is, heat of the front end (32x) of the second right guide (32) is conducted to the part (12x) of the material (1) so that the part (12x) of the material (1) is locally heated. It is configured. Further, the second induction heating means (82) increases the heating temperature of the part (12x) of the material (1) by increasing the amount of current supplied to the coil (82a) and the like (12x). ) Can be heated to a semi-molten state.

  A 3rd heating means (83) is a 3rd induction heating means which has a 3rd induction heating coil (83a) and a power supply part (83b) which supplies an alternating current (alternating voltage) to this coil (83a). The surface of the coil (83a) is covered with an insulating layer (not shown) made of an insulating tape or the like. Further, the coil (83a) is embedded in the fixed die (20) so as to surround the third molding recess (24).

  The left guide (41) is made of a hard conductive material having heat resistance (eg, heat-resistant metal material) such as steel.

  In the third induction heating means (83), when a current (voltage) of a predetermined frequency (eg, high frequency or low frequency) is supplied to the coil (83a) by the power supply unit (83b), the left guide ( 41) front end part (41x) (specifically, the front end part (41x) of the male part (41a)) is locally induction-heated, whereby the left side (3L) of the left side part (3L) of the material (1) A portion (13x) corresponding to the front end (41x) of the guide (41) is configured to be locally heated by the heat of the front end (41x) of the left guide (41). That is, the structure is such that heat at the front end (41x) of the left guide (41) is conducted to the part (13x) of the material (1) and the part (13x) of the material (1) is locally heated. Has been. Further, the third induction heating means (83) increases the heating temperature of the part (13x) of the material (1) by increasing the amount of current supplied to the coil (83a) and the like (13x ) Can be heated to a semi-molten state.

  The three cooling means (85) (86) (87) have the same configuration. Of these three cooling means (85) (86) (87), the first cooling means (85) is the front end (31x) of the first right guide (31) at the right side (3R) of the material (1). The part (11y) corresponding to the part on the rear side of () is locally cooled. Further, the second cooling means (86) has a portion (12y) corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side portion (3R) of the material (1). Cooling. Further, the third cooling means (87) locally places a part (13y) corresponding to a part on the rear side of the left end (3L) of the material (1) from the front end part (41x) of the left guide (41). It is to be cooled.

  The first cooling means (85) has a coolant flow path (85a) provided inside the rear end of the first right guide (31). And the 1st cooling means (85) distribute | circulates cooling fluids, such as cooling water, in this cooling fluid flow path (85a), and thereby the 1st right guide (31R) in the right side part (3R) of a raw material (1). The portion (11y) corresponding to the portion on the rear side of the front end portion (31x) is locally cooled.

  The second cooling means (85) has a coolant flow path (86a) provided inside the rear end of the second right guide (32). And the 2nd cooling means (86) distribute | circulates cooling fluids, such as cooling water, in this cooling fluid flow path (86a), The 2nd right guide (32 in the right side part (3R) of a raw material (1)). ) Is configured to locally cool the portion (12y) corresponding to the rear portion of the front end portion (32x).

  The third cooling means (87) has a coolant flow path (87a) provided inside the rear end of the left guide (41). And the 3rd cooling means (87) distribute | circulates cooling fluids, such as cooling water, in this cooling fluid flow path (87a), and thereby the left guide (41) of the left side part (3L) of the raw material (1) A part (13y) corresponding to a part behind the front end part (41x) is locally cooled.

  Reference numeral (88) denotes a coolant flow passage provided in the forming die portion (26) of the fixed die (20). The coolant flow passage (88) allows the heat generated by the coil (82a) of the first induction heating means (82) to be conducted to other parts of the stationary die (20) by allowing the coolant to flow therethrough. It is what suppresses it. (89) is a coolant flow path provided inside the left end of the fixed die (20). The coolant flow passage (89) allows the heat generated by the coil (83a) of the third induction heating means (83) to be conducted to other parts of the stationary die (20) by allowing the coolant to flow therethrough. It is what suppresses it.

  The two lubricant attaching means (91) and (92) have the same configuration. Of these two lubricant adhering means (91) and (92), the first lubricant adhering means (91) is an insertion hole (34) in the first right guide (31) and the second right guide (32) ( 34) A lubricant (not shown) is attached to each peripheral surface. The second lubricant attaching means (92) is for attaching the lubricant to the peripheral surface of the insertion hole (44) of the left guide (41).

  The configuration of each lubricant attaching means (91) (92) and the method of using the same are the same as the lubricant attaching means of the upsetting apparatus (1C) of the third embodiment.

  Next, an upsetting method using the upsetting apparatus (1D) of the fourth embodiment will be described below.

  First, lubricants are attached to the peripheral surfaces of the insertion holes (34), (34), and (44) of the guides (31), (32), and (41) by corresponding lubricant attaching means (91) and (92), respectively. Furthermore, a lubricant may be attached to the surfaces of the right side (3R) and the left side (3L) of the material (1).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the intermediate portion (2) in the axial direction of the material (1) is inserted and arranged in the material fixing fitting hole (21) of the fixing die (20).

  Further, the right side portion (3R) of the material (1) is sequentially inserted into the insertion holes (34) (34) of the first right guide (31) and the second right guide (32). In this state, as shown in FIG. 15, in the gap (K) between the surface of the right side (3R) of the material (1) and the peripheral surface of each insertion hole (34) (34), an insertion hole ( 34) The lubricant adhering to the peripheral surface of (34) enters due to capillary action or the like, and the lubricant is temporarily stored in the gap (K).

  Further, the left side portion (3L) of the material (1) is inserted into the insertion hole (44) of the left guide (41). In this state, the lubricant adhering to the circumferential surface of the insertion hole (44) is placed in the gap between the surface of the left side (3L) of the material (1) and the circumferential surface of the insertion hole (44), as above. It is temporarily stored.

  Furthermore, by supplying a current of a predetermined frequency to the coil (81a) of the first induction heating means (81) by the power supply unit, the front end portion (31x) of the first right guide (31) is locally induction heated. . Thereby, the part (11x) corresponding to the front end part (31x) of the first right guide (31) in the right side part (3R) of the material (1) is changed to the front end part (31x) of the first right guide (31). Heat locally to a predetermined temperature with heat. Thereby, the deformation resistance in the said part (11x) of a raw material (1) falls locally.

  The suitable range of the heating temperature of the said part (11x) of a raw material (1) is the same as the range of the suitable heating temperature described in the said 3rd Embodiment.

  Furthermore, a first liquid guide (31) on the right side (3R) of the material (1) is circulated by circulating a coolant such as room temperature coolant in the coolant flow passage (85a) of the first cooling means (85). The part (11y) corresponding to the part on the rear side of the front end part (31x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (11y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  The preferable cooling temperature range in this case is the same as the preferable cooling temperature range described in the third embodiment.

  On the other hand, no current is supplied to the coil (82a) of the second induction heating means (82), and therefore corresponds to the front end (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side (3R) of the material (1). Do not heat the part (12x). Therefore, the deformation resistance at the part (12x) of the material (1) does not decrease.

  Furthermore, the second right guide (32) on the right side (3R) of the material (1) is circulated through the coolant flow passage (86a) of the second cooling means (86) by circulating a coolant such as room temperature coolant. The portion (12y) corresponding to the rear portion of the front end portion (32x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (12y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  Further, by supplying a current of a predetermined frequency to the coil (83a) of the third induction heating means (83) by the power supply part (83b), the front end part (41x) of the left guide (41) is locally induction-heated. To do. As a result, the portion (13x) corresponding to the front end (41x) of the left guide (41) in the left side (3L) of the material (1) is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heat of the front end (41x) of the left guide (41). Heat locally. Thereby, the deformation resistance in the said part (13x) of a raw material (1) falls locally.

  Furthermore, by circulating a cooling liquid such as room temperature cooling water in the cooling liquid flow passage (87a) of the third cooling means (87), the left guide (41) of the left side (3L) of the material (1) The region (13y) corresponding to the region behind the front end (41x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (13y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  Next, while maintaining such a state, the first exposed portion (4) and the third exposed portion (6) of the material (1) are processed by the same procedure as the upsetting method shown in the second embodiment. Are simultaneously expanded in the first molding recess (22) and the third molding recess (24).

  And as shown in FIG. 16, when the 1st exposed part (4) of a raw material (1) is expanded in the design shape, ie, substantially cylindrical shape, in a 1st shaping | molding recessed part (22), it is 2nd induction heating. By supplying a current of a predetermined frequency to the coil (82a) of the means (82) by the power supply unit (82b), the front end portion (32x) of the second right guide (32) is locally induction-heated. Thereby, the part (12x) corresponding to the front end part (32x) of the second right guide (32) in the right side part (3R) of the material (1) is changed to the front end part (32x) of the second right guide (32). Heat locally to a predetermined temperature with heat. Thereby, the deformation resistance in the said part (12x) of a raw material (1) falls locally.

  Further, by continuously circulating the coolant in the coolant flow passage (86a) of the second cooling means (86), the front end portion of the second right guide (32) in the right portion (3R) of the material (1) ( The part (12y) corresponding to the rear part of 32x) is locally cooled. Thereby, the fall of the deformation resistance in the said site | part (12y) of a raw material (1) can be suppressed.

  Next, while maintaining such a state, the second exposed portion (5) and the second exposed portion (5) of the material (1) and the second are processed by the same procedure as the upsetting method shown in the second embodiment as shown in FIG. The diameters of the three exposed portions (6) are simultaneously expanded in the second molding recess (23) and the third molding recess (24), respectively.

  The upsetting process of the material (1) is completed by the above procedure.

  Next, by removing the material (1) from the insertion hole (21) of the fixed die (20) and the insertion holes (34) (34) (44) of the guides (31) (32) (41), FIG. The desired upsetting product (10B) shown in (1) is obtained.

  Thus, the upsetting method of the fourth embodiment has the advantages of the upsetting method of the second embodiment and the advantages of the upsetting method of the third embodiment.

  As mentioned above, although several embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to what was shown to the said embodiment, A setting change is variously possible.

  For example, in the present invention, when the second right guide (32) is moved after the first right guide (31) is moved, the second right guide (32) is stopped in a state where the movement of the right punch (50R) is stopped. The movement of the right punch (50R) may be resumed after providing an initial clearance between the second right guide (32) and the first right guide (31) by moving only the first guide. By carrying out like this, the diameter expansion processing load required in order to expand a 2nd exposed part (5) can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the number of right guides is two. However, in the present invention, the number of right guides may be three or four or more.

  In the above embodiment, the number of left guides is one. However, in the present invention, the number may be two, or three or more. When there are a plurality of left guides, it is possible to increase the diameter of a plurality of portions on the left side of the material by performing the same operation as the right guide for the plurality of left guides.

  Here, in the above embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the one side part and the other side part in the axial direction of the material have been described as “right side part” and “left side part”, respectively, but in the present invention, it is limited to the direction of the material. It is not a thing.

  In the present invention, the predetermined portion of the material may be expanded in a state where the material is heated to a predetermined temperature, or the predetermined portion of the material may be expanded in a state where the material is not heated. That is, the upsetting method according to the present invention may be a hot upsetting method or a cold upsetting method.

  Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described below. However, the present invention is not limited to that shown in this embodiment.

  A round bar-shaped material (1) made of a continuous cast rolled material having a diameter of 12 mm and a round bar-shaped material (1) made of an extruded material having a diameter of 12 mm prepared by the Properti method was prepared. The material of each material (1) is an aluminum alloy of alloy number A6061 in accordance with JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard). These materials (1) were upset using the upsetting apparatus (10C) of the third embodiment. And the average shaping | molding pressure required in that case was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.

  Here, in the “heating mode” column of Table 1, “local heating” means the front end portions (31x), (32x), and (41x) of the guides (31), (32), and (41) in the material (1). This corresponds to a case where the corresponding parts (11x), (12x), and (13x) are locally induction-heated by induction heating means (81), (82), and (83). “Whole heating” means that the entire material (1) is heated by a heating furnace, and then the heated material (1) is quickly set in the upsetting apparatus (1C) for upsetting. Is the case.

  In the “cooling” column, “present” means that the front end portions (31x) of the guides (31), (32), and (41) in the material (1) by the respective cooling means (85), (86), and (87). This is a case where the parts (11y), (12y), and (13y) corresponding to the parts on the rear side of 32x) and (41x) are locally cooled. “None” means a case where cooling was not performed.

  As shown in Table 1, when using the raw material (1) made of continuous cast rolled material (Examples 1 and 2), compared to the case of using the raw material made of extruded material (Examples 3 and 4), The molding pressure could be reduced.

  In addition, in the case where local heating was performed (Examples 1 and 3), the molding pressure could be reduced compared to the case where general heating was performed (Examples 2 and 4).

  This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-24178 filed on January 31, 2005 and US Provisional Application No. 60 / 649,547 filed on February 4, 2005. Accordingly, the disclosed contents constitute part of the present application as it is.

  The terms and expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting, but represent any equivalent of the features shown and described herein. It should be recognized that various modifications within the claimed scope of the present invention are permissible.

In the present invention, the present invention can be used for an upsetting method and an upsetting apparatus for expanding the diameter of two or more portions of a rod-shaped material.

Claims (63)

Preparing a plurality of guides having an insertion hole penetrating in an axial direction for inserting and holding a rod-shaped material in a buckling-prevented state;
The material fixed to the fixed die is sequentially inserted and held in each insertion hole of the plurality of guides,
Next, while pressing the material in the axial direction with the punch, the plurality of guides are moved together in a state of mutual contact in the direction opposite to the movement direction of the punch, thereby being arranged at the foremost side in the plurality of guides. Expanding the first exposed portion of the material exposed between the first guide and the fixed die,
After the movement of the first guide is completed, the second guide disposed on the rear side of the first guide in the plurality of guides is moved relative to the first guide in the direction opposite to the movement direction of the punch. An upsetting method characterized by enlarging the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material exposed between the second guide and the first guide. In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in an unconstrained state,
The average moving speed from the start of punch movement is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The buckling limit length at the cross-sectional area of the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is X ₁ ,
The initial clearance between the first guide and the fixed die is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The time lag from the start of movement of the punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
The length of the material before the upsetting process required for the expanded diameter portion is l ₀ ,
The upsetting time from the start of punch movement is T,
And when
In the case of t ₀ <T, G is
0 ≦ G ≦ P (X ₁ −X) / (l ₀ −X ₁ −Pt ₀ )
The upsetting method according to claim 1, wherein the following relational expression is satisfied. In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in the molding recess provided in the fixed die,
The average moving speed from the start of punch movement is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The initial clearance between the front end of the first guide and the bottom of the molding recess is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The length of the material before upsetting required for the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is L ₀ ,
A stop position relative to the molded recess bottom portion of the front end portion of the punch is determined from the design volume of the expanded diameter portions X _P,
The stop position of the front end of the first guide determined by design with respect to the bottom of the molding recess is X _g ,
The time lag from the start of movement of the punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
Then G is
G = P (X _g -X) / (L ₀ -X _P -Pt ₀ )
The upsetting method according to claim 1, wherein:   2. The upsetting method according to claim 1, wherein at least the first guide among the plurality of guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole.   The upsetting method according to claim 1, wherein the material is a round bar-shaped rolled material.   The upsetting method according to claim 5, wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material.   The upsetting method according to claim 5, wherein the rolled material is a continuously cast rolled material.   The upsetting according to claim 5, wherein the first exposed portion and the second exposed portion of the material are expanded in diameter in a state where a lubricant is adhered to the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of guides and / or the surface of the material. Processing method.   The upsetting method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide in the material is locally heated.   The upsetting method according to claim 9, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 9, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally heated by induction heating the front end portion of the first guide locally by induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 9, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.   The upsetting method according to claim 9, wherein the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state in which a portion corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the first guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling unit.   The upsetting method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally heated.   The upsetting method according to claim 14, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 14, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally heated by induction heating the front end portion of the second guide by induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 14, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.   The upsetting method according to claim 14, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling means.   An upsetting product obtained by the upsetting method according to claim 1. For a plurality of one side portions that have insertion holes that penetrate in the axial direction for inserting and holding one side portion of both sides in the axial direction of the rod-shaped material in a buckling-preventing state and are arranged side by side in the axial direction. A guide,
At least one other side portion guide having an insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction for inserting and holding the other side portion of the material in a buckling-preventing state;
A punch for one side that presses one side of the material in the axial direction;
A punch for the other side that presses the other side of the material in the axial direction;
Prepare
One side portion of the material fixed to the fixed die at the intermediate portion in the axial direction of the material is sequentially inserted and held in each insertion hole of the plurality of one side portion guides, and the other side portion of the material is guided to the other side portion. Inserted and held in the insertion hole,
Next, while pressing one side portion of the material in the axial direction with the one-side punch, the plurality of one-side guides are integrally attached in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the one-side punch. By moving, the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material exposed between the first guide disposed on the foremost side and the fixed die in the plurality of one-side guides, and
After the movement of the first guide, the second guide disposed on the rear side of the first guide in the plurality of one-side guides is changed to the first guide in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the one-side punch. By moving relative to the second guide, the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material exposed between the second guide and the first guide is increased,
Furthermore, simultaneously with the pressing of one side of the material by the punch for one side, the other side guide is moved in the axial direction by the other side punch while the other side guide is moved. The upsetting method, wherein the third exposed portion of the material exposed between the other side guide and the fixed die is expanded by moving in a direction opposite to the direction. In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in an unconstrained state,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the one side punch is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The buckling limit length at the cross-sectional area of the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is X ₁ ,
The initial clearance between the first guide and the fixed die is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The time lag from the start of movement of the one side punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
The length of the material before the upsetting process required for the expanded diameter portion is l ₀ ,
The upsetting time from the start of punch movement for one side is T,
And when
In the case of t ₀ <T, G is
0 ≦ G ≦ P (X ₁ −X) / (l ₀ −X ₁ −Pt ₀ )
The upsetting method according to claim 20, wherein the following relational expression is satisfied. In the case of expanding the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material in the molding recess provided in the fixed die,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the one side punch is P,
The average moving speed from the start of movement of the first guide is G,
The buckling limit length in the cross-sectional area of the material before upsetting is X ₀ ,
The initial clearance between the front end of the first guide and the bottom of the molding recess is X (where 0 ≦ X ≦ X ₀ ),
The length of the material before upsetting required for the enlarged diameter portion formed by the enlarged diameter of the first exposed portion is L ₀ ,
A stop position relative to the molded recess bottom portion of the front end portion of the one side punch obtained from the design volume of the expanded diameter portions X _P,
The stop position of the front end of the first guide determined by design with respect to the bottom of the molding recess is X _g ,
The time lag from the start of movement of the one side punch to the start of movement of the first guide is t ₀ (where 0 ≦ t ₀ ),
Then G is
G = P (X _g -X) / (L ₀ -X _P -Pt ₀ )
21. The upsetting method according to claim 20, wherein the following formula is satisfied.   21. The upsetting method according to claim 20, wherein at least the first guide among the plurality of one-side guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole.   21. The upsetting method according to claim 20, wherein the material is a round bar-shaped rolled material.   The upsetting method according to claim 24, wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material,   The upsetting method according to claim 24, wherein the rolled material is a continuous cast rolled material.   In a state in which the lubricant is attached to at least one of the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of one-side guides, the peripheral surface of the insertion hole of the other-side guide, and the surface of the material, The upsetting method according to claim 24, wherein the diameter of the first exposed portion, the second exposed portion, and the third exposed portion is increased.   21. The upsetting method according to claim 20, wherein the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide in the material is locally heated.   The upsetting method according to claim 28, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.   29. The upsetting method according to claim 28, wherein a part of the material corresponding to the front end of the first guide is locally heated by induction heating of the front end of the first guide by induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 28, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the first guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.   29. The upsetting method according to claim 28, wherein the diameter of the first exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion of the material corresponding to the portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the first guide is locally cooled by the cooling means.   21. The upsetting method according to claim 20, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally heated.   The upsetting method according to claim 33, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 33, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally heated by induction heating the front end portion of the second guide by induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 33, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the second guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.   34. The upsetting method according to claim 33, wherein the diameter of the second exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state in which a portion corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the second guide in the material is locally cooled by the cooling means.   21. The upsetting method according to claim 20, wherein a diameter of the third exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide is locally heated.   The upsetting method according to claim 38, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means.   39. The upsetting method according to claim 38, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide is locally heated by induction heating the front end portion of the third guide with induction heating means.   The upsetting method according to claim 38, wherein a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the third guide is locally heated to a semi-molten state.   39. The upsetting method according to claim 38, wherein the diameter of the third exposed portion of the material is expanded in a state where the portion of the material corresponding to the portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the third guide is locally cooled by the cooling means.   21. An upsetting product obtained by the upsetting method according to claim 20. A plurality of guides having an insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction for penetrating and holding the rod-shaped material in a buckling-prevented state and arranged side by side in the axial direction;
A punch that presses the material in the axial direction;
A plurality of guide driving devices for moving each guide in the plurality of guides in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the punch;
An upsetting apparatus characterized by comprising:   45. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 44, wherein at least the frontmost guide among the plurality of guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole. The material is a round bar-shaped rolled material,
45. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 44, further comprising lubricant attaching means for attaching a lubricant to a peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of guides and / or a material surface.   The upsetting apparatus according to claim 46, wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material.   The upsetting apparatus according to claim 46, wherein the rolled material is a continuous cast rolled material.   45. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 44, further comprising heating means for locally heating a portion corresponding to a front end portion of at least one of the plurality of guides in the material. The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
50. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 49, wherein the part of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide is locally heated by induction heating means. The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
The front end portion of the at least one guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means so that a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide is locally heated. 49. The upsetting apparatus according to 49.   50. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 49, wherein the heating means is capable of locally heating a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide to a semi-molten state.   50. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 49, further comprising cooling means for locally cooling a portion of the material corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the at least one guide. For a plurality of one side portions that have insertion holes that penetrate in the axial direction for inserting and holding one side portion of both sides in the axial direction of the rod-shaped material in a buckling-preventing state and are arranged side by side in the axial direction. A guide,
At least one other side portion guide having an insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction for inserting and holding the other side portion of the material in a buckling-preventing state;
A punch for one side that presses one side of the material in the axial direction;
A punch for the other side that presses the other side of the material in the axial direction;
A plurality of one-side guide driving devices for moving each guide in the plurality of one-side guides in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the one-side punch;
A guide driving device for the other side, which moves the guide for the other side in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the punch for the other side;
An upsetting apparatus characterized by comprising:   55. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 54, wherein at least a frontmost guide of the plurality of one-side guides can be divided into a plurality of parts by a dividing surface that vertically cuts the insertion hole. The material is a round bar-shaped rolled material,
Lubricant attaching means for attaching a lubricant to at least one of the peripheral surface of each insertion hole of the plurality of one-side guides, the peripheral surface of the insertion hole of the other-side guide, and the surface of the material. 55. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 54.   57. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 56, wherein the rolled material is a cast rolled material.   57. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 56, wherein the rolled material is a continuously cast rolled material.   55. The upsetting process according to claim 54, further comprising heating means for locally heating a portion corresponding to a front end portion of at least one of the plurality of one-side guides and the other-side guides in the material. apparatus. The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
60. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the part of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide is locally heated by induction heating means. The heating means is an induction heating means having an induction heating coil,
The front end portion of the at least one guide is locally induction-heated by induction heating means so that a portion of the material corresponding to the front end portion of the at least one guide is locally heated. 59. The upsetting apparatus according to 59.   60. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 59, wherein the heating means is capable of locally heating a portion of the material corresponding to the front end of the at least one guide to a semi-molten state. 60. The upsetting apparatus according to claim 59, further comprising cooling means for locally cooling a portion of the material corresponding to a portion on the rear side of the front end portion of the at least one guide.

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