CN102166611B - Long bar continuously upsetting device and method for railway wagon brake pull rod - Google Patents
Long bar continuously upsetting device and method for railway wagon brake pull rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN102166611B CN102166611B CN 201110026936 CN201110026936A CN102166611B CN 102166611 B CN102166611 B CN 102166611B CN 201110026936 CN201110026936 CN 201110026936 CN 201110026936 A CN201110026936 A CN 201110026936A CN 102166611 B CN102166611 B CN 102166611B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long bar continuously upsetting device for a railway wagon brake pull rod, which mainly comprises an upper die of a clamping female die, a lower die of the clamping female die, a base, a rack, a clamping oil cylinder, an upsetting oil cylinder, a push rod, an intermediate-frequency induction heating ring, an intermediate-frequency power supply and a workbench, wherein the upsetting oil cylinder and the rack are installed on the base, the clamping oil cylinder is installed on a cross beam of the rack, the upper die of the clamping female die is installed on a piston of the clamping oil cylinder by an upper die holder, the lower die of the clamping female die is installed on the base under the rack by a lower die holder, the push rod is installed on a piston of the upsetting oil cylinder in front of the clamping female die, and the intermediate-frequency induction heating ring is arranged between the clamping female die and the workbench. In the invention, a wagon brake pull rod with a large length-diameter ratio can be continuously upset by segments and many times by using a single impression. The device has the advantages of reasonable design, convenience in operation and use, good product forming effect and the like, not only solves the difficult problem of brake pull rod upsetting, but also is suitable for upsetting other bars with large length-diameter ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the continuous pier of a kind of long bar and slightly install, particularly make the thick device of the continuous pier of long bar and the thick method of pier thereof of railway wagon brake pull bar, belong to mechanical manufacturing field.
Background technology
Pier refers to that slightly metal bar material carries out the technical process of local mushrooming deformation at forging equipments such as horizontal forging and upsetting machine, forging hammer, friction presses.Pier is slightly used more general in process of production, and common machine components bolt, round pin, automobile axle shaft bar etc. generally all adopt the rough blank of making of metal bar material end pier.Usually bar head pier is slightly finished at horizontal forging and upsetting machine, because horizontal forging and upsetting machine (the title level is divided the forging machine again) has two cover mechanisms, drives respectively the thick drift of pier and clamps die, clamps bar by clamping die first during work, then by the thick bar head of the thick drift pier of pier.Because the thick slide block of horizontal forging and upsetting machine pier has long guider, can bear larger eccentric load and therefore can carry out the die forging of multimode thorax simultaneously, namely bar be carried out the strike of substep to realize larger distortion with several impressions.
Realize metal bar material pier dumming, the ratio (draw ratio) of the length L B of its crushed element and bar diameter D 0 should be less than 3, and is crooked to prevent the bar unstability when draw ratio answers the gradation pier thick greater than 3 the time, produces folding.The support that is subject to die wall when adopting the thick because bar of pier in the die crooked in die makes it no longer crooked distortion of lean on itself and rushes and expire impression, so that the draw ratio of the thick bar of pier can reach more than 10.But because this mode easily produces vertical burr and the less employing of scrimp.Therefore the pier that will realize the metal bar material big L/D ratio slightly generally is to adopt multimode thorax substep pier thick at horizontal forging and upsetting machine, and namely bar will be put into respectively each impression and carries out a pier rough forge and beat, and the deflection accumulation of substep is total deformation.Its shortcoming is rod member will be moved to next impression behind each stroke of horizontal forging and upsetting machine.Simultaneously, bar is before each pier is thick, and generally all will again send heating furnace to heat has more increased the difficulty that operates and be difficult to processing.For long and the again little bar of diameter, the brake bar that uses of railway freight-car for example, its structure as shown in Figure 1, its length mainly contain 1500mm, 2900mm and 5930mm several, need the head pier slightly to be diameter 24, length is 180mm and contains 50 mm～60mm cone changeover portion, in order to weld together with drawhead.Pull bar is manufactured by the round bar of diameter 20, because the long diameter of 180mm is 24 the thick section of pier need to be that 20 round bar is manufactured by the long diameter of 250mm, so the draw ratio of its crushed element reaches 12.5(250 ÷ 20=12.5), as just needing with the several times die forging of multimode thorax with common horizontal forging and upsetting machine, and also need heating for multiple times, bother very much, and for the bar that reaches 6 meters, it is just more difficult to want to move back and forth between impression and heater operation, so, have to replace with the 20mm round steel straight-bar that pier is not thick in the past, but the bonding strength after thin and drawhead welds is low because of diameter, unfailing performance is bad.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the continuously weak point of the thick draw ratio bar of pier of above-mentioned existing horizontal forging and upsetting machine, design a kind of rational in infrastructure, easy to operate, be shaped, only with single impression can the thick draw ratio of pier the long bar continous way pier of freight car braking pull bar slightly install.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate pier thick method with the thick device of described pier for producing the freight car braking pull bar.
The continuous pier of long bar of freight car braking pull bar of the present invention slightly installs, its structure comprises clamping die patrix, clamp the die counterdie, base, frame, clamping cylinder, the thick oil cylinder of pier, push rod, the Frequency Induction Heating circle, intermediate frequency power supply and workbench, the thick oil cylinder of described pier and frame are installed on the base, mounting clamp locking oil cylinder on the housiung separator, clamping the die patrix is installed on the piston of clamping cylinder through upper bolster, clamping the die counterdie is installed on the base of frame lower through die shoe, push rod is installed on the piston of the thick oil cylinder of pier that clamps die the place ahead, described push rod is provided with limiting block, the die cavity of formed clamping die is three sections after clamping the die patrix and clamping die counterdie matched moulds, the front portion that clamps die is the directed cavity that diameter is a bit larger tham bar, the middle part is that diameter is greater than the thick chamber of pier of bar, the rear portion is the clamping chamber that diameter is slightly smaller than bar, the Frequency Induction Heating circle is contained in and clamps between die and the workbench, and the intermediate frequency power supply output is connected with the Frequency Induction Heating circle.
The heated length of described Frequency Induction Heating circle adapts with each thick length of pier, and each thick draw ratio of pier is controlled at about 4, equals 1/3 ~ 1/2.5 of the thick bar length of pier for the heated length of the thick Frequency Induction Heating circle of minutes three times piers.
Pier of the present invention slightly installs, and the thick method of its pier (to divide three piers slightly as example) mainly may further comprise the steps:
A), long bar is placed on the workbench, open intermediate frequency power supply to the energising of Frequency Induction Heating circle, Frequency Induction Heating circle heating 6～9 seconds are stretched at the rear portion that needs the thick position of pier in the bar;
B), when heating after the position reaches the red heat state, the front end with bar extends in the directed cavity that clamps die rapidly, and makes red heat partly enter rear portion in the thick chamber of pier that clamps die;
C), start clamping cylinder piston descended, clamp the die patrix and to clamp the die counterdie closed, the clamping chamber that clamps die because of diameter less than the bar diameter, the bar of heating part is not clamped;
D), starting the thick oil cylinder of pier makes piston crown stretch out the directed cavity that push rod is stretched into the clamping die, because push rod and bar diameter are all less than the directed cavity diameter that clamps die, make push rod promote the bar head under the thrust of the thick oil cylinder piston head of pier and clamping in the directed cavity of die mobile backward, red heat bar generation plastic deformation partly is upsetting and is full of rear portion, the thick chamber of pier;
E), starting clamping cylinder makes piston and clamps the rising of die patrix, clamping the die patrix unclamps with clamping die counterdie, then rear 1/2 position that bar need be continued the thick part of pier retracts and is heated to the red heat state in the Frequency Induction Heating circle, front end with bar extends in the directed cavity that clamps die again, red heat is partly entered clamp the middle part in the thick chamber of pier of die, and make bar get back to step 2 position, starting clamping cylinder descends piston, bar is clamped the rear thick oil cylinder of pier that starts, it is mobile backward in the directed cavity that clamps die that push rod promotes the bar head, and the bar pier that clamps red heat position in the thick chamber of pier of die is thick and be full of middle part, the thick chamber of pier;
F), again start clamping cylinder and make piston and clamp the die patrix and rise, with the bar front end not the thick part of pier be withdrawn into and be heated to the red heat state in the Frequency Induction Heating circle, repeating aforementioned activities, can to finish whole piers thick.
Pier of the present invention slightly installs, with the single impression freight car braking pull bar of the thick draw ratio of contiguous segmentation pier several times, slightly long bar operation is very difficult because adopt the horizontal forging and upsetting machine pier before having solved, can only make the freight car braking pull bar with the 20mm round steel that pier is not thick, make the bonding strength of brake bar and drawhead low, the problem that reliability is bad.This device has the advantages such as reasonable in design, easy for operation and product shaping are good, has both solved the thick difficult problem of pier of brake bar, is fit to again thick other big L/D ratio bar of pier and uses.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of structural representation of the thick device of pier of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is bar structural representations in clamping die.
The specific embodiment
Referring to attached Fig. 1 and 2,1 among the figure is base, the 2nd, and frame, the 3rd, upper bolster, the 4th, die shoe, the 5th, clamping cylinder, the 6th, the thick oil cylinder of pier, the 7th, clamp the die patrix, the 8th, clamp the die counterdie, the 9th, bar, the 10th, Frequency Induction Heating circle, the 11st, intermediate frequency power supply, the 12nd, workbench, the 13rd, positive stop, the 14th, push rod, the 15th, the directed cavity of clamping die, the 16th, the thick chamber of pier of clamping die, the 17th, the clamping chamber of clamping die.The thick oil cylinder 6 of described pier and frame 2 are installed on the base 1, mounting clamp locking oil cylinder 5 on the crossbeam of frame 2, clamping die patrix 7 is installed on the piston of clamping cylinder 5 through upper bolster 3, clamping die counterdie 8 is installed on the base 1 of frame lower through die shoe 4, push rod 14 is installed on the piston of the thick oil cylinder 6 of pier that clamps die the place ahead, as shown in Figure 1, the die cavity of formed clamping die is three sections after clamping die patrix 7 and clamping die counterdie 8 matched moulds, the front portion that clamps die is the directed cavity 15 that diameter is a bit larger tham bar 9, the middle part is that diameter is greater than the thick chamber 16 of pier of bar 9, the rear portion is the clamping chamber 17 that diameter is slightly smaller than bar 9, as shown in Figure 2, Frequency Induction Heating circle 10 is contained in and clamps between die and the workbench 12, and intermediate frequency power supply 11 outputs are connected with Frequency Induction Heating circle 10.
The heated length of described Frequency Induction Heating circle 10 adapts with each thick length of pier, and each thick draw ratio of pier is controlled at about 4, elects as for the heated length of the thick Frequency Induction Heating circle of minutes three times piers to equal 1/3 ~ 1/2.5 of the thick cavity length of pier.
In order to indicate and to be limited in the thick process of each pier, push rod 14 stretches into the length that clamps concave die cavity, can be provided with limiting block 13 at described push rod 14.
The below is take with the mild steel round bar of long 6 rice diameters as 20, slightly be diameter 24 with the head pier, the thick length of pier is 180mm, contains the oval cone changeover portion of 50mm, making length is the brake bar of 5930mm, and slightly is described further as follows as example take 3 continuous piers:
Make first clamping die, its structure wherein, clamps the diameter D1=20-(0.5 ~ 0.3) in chamber 17, length=100mm as shown in Figure 2; Two sections of recessed minute of the diameter D in the thick chamber 16 of pier, a segment length 50mm is coniform, the microcephaly is the diameter D of bar 9
0=20, the diameter of major part=24, another segment length 130mm, diameter=24, the thick chamber of pier total length 180mm; The diameter D 2=20+ (0.2 ~ 0.4) of directed cavity 15, length=150 mm.During use, will clamp die patrix 7 and clamp die counterdie 8 and be installed in respectively on upper bolster 3 and the die shoe 4 and be shown in an open position.And then according to the following steps operation:
A), be that 20 mild steel round bar 9 is placed on the workbench 12 with 6 meters long diameters, open intermediate frequency power supply 11 to 10 energisings of Frequency Induction Heating circle, to need rear 1/3 position at the thick position of pier in the bar, namely Frequency Induction Heating circle heating 6～9 seconds are stretched at rear 1/3 position of anterior 250mm;
B), reach the red heat state namely when the heating position
1100 ± 20 ℃After, rapidly the front end with bar extends in the directed cavity that clamps die, and makes red heat partly enter rear 1/3 position in the thick chamber of pier that clamps die;
C), start clamping cylinder 5 piston descended, clamp die patrix 7 and clamp die counterdie 8 closures, the clamping chamber 17 that clamps die because of diameter D 1 less than the bar diameter, with bar 9 not heating part clamp;
D), starting the thick oil cylinder 6 of pier makes piston crown stretch out the directed cavity 15 that push rod 14 is stretched into the clamping die, because push rod and bar diameter are all less than the directed cavity 15 diameter D2 that clamp die, make push rod promote the bar head under the thrust of the thick oil cylinder piston head of pier and clamping in the directed cavity 15 of die mobile backward, the bar generation plastic deformation at red heat position in the thick chamber of pier that clamps die is upsetting and is full of 16 rear portions, the thick chamber of pier;
E), starting clamping cylinder 5 makes piston and clamps the rising of die 7 patrixes, clamping die patrix 7 unclamps with clamping die counterdie 8, then rear 1/2 position that needs the thick part of continuation pier in the bar 9 is retracted and be heated to the red heat state in the Frequency Induction Heating circle 10, front end with bar extends in the directed cavity that clamps die again, red heat is partly entered clamp the middle part in the thick chamber of pier of die, and make bar get back to step 2 position, starting clamping cylinder descends piston, bar is clamped the rear thick oil cylinder of pier that starts, it is mobile backward in the directed cavity that clamps die that push rod 14 promotes the bar heads, and the bar pier that clamps red heat position in the thick chamber of pier of die is thick and be full of middle part, the thick chamber of pier;
F), again start clamping cylinder and make piston and clamp the die patrix and rise, with the bar front end not the thick part of pier be withdrawn into and be heated to the red heat state in the Frequency Induction Heating circle, repeating aforementioned activities, can to finish whole piers thick.
The bar pier larger for draw ratio is thick, only need by above step more piers slightly get final product several times.
Claims (4)
1. the continuous pier of long bar of a railway wagon brake pull bar slightly installs, it is characterized in that comprising clamping die patrix, clamp the die counterdie, base, frame, clamping cylinder, the thick oil cylinder of pier, push rod, the Frequency Induction Heating circle, intermediate frequency power supply and workbench, the thick oil cylinder of described pier and frame are installed on the base, mounting clamp locking oil cylinder on the housiung separator, clamping the die patrix is installed on the piston of clamping cylinder through upper bolster, clamping the die counterdie is installed on the base of frame lower through die shoe, push rod is installed on the piston of the thick oil cylinder of pier that clamps die the place ahead, the die cavity of formed clamping die is three sections after clamping the die patrix and clamping die counterdie matched moulds, the front portion that clamps die is the directed cavity that diameter is a bit larger tham bar, the middle part is that diameter is greater than the thick chamber of pier of bar, the rear portion is the clamping chamber that diameter is slightly smaller than bar, the Frequency Induction Heating circle is contained in and clamps between die and the workbench, and the intermediate frequency power supply output is connected with the Frequency Induction Heating circle.
2. the continuous pier of long bar of freight car braking pull bar as claimed in claim 1 slightly installs, the heated length that it is characterized in that described Frequency Induction Heating circle adapts with each thick length of pier, each thick draw ratio of pier is controlled at about 4, equals 1/3 ~ 1/2.5 of the thick bar length of pier for the heated length of the thick Frequency Induction Heating circle of minutes three times piers.
3. the continuous pier of long bar of freight car braking pull bar as claimed in claim 1 or 2 slightly installs, and it is characterized in that described push rod is provided with limiting block.
4. the thick method of pier of the thick device of the pier of right 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A), long bar is placed on the workbench, open intermediate frequency power supply to the energising of Frequency Induction Heating circle, Frequency Induction Heating circle heating 6～9 seconds are stretched at rear 1/3 ~ 1/2.5 position that needs the thick position of pier in the bar;
B), when heating after the position reaches the red heat state, the front end with bar extends in the directed cavity that clamps die rapidly, and makes red heat partly enter rear portion in the thick chamber of pier that clamps die;
C), start clamping cylinder piston descended, clamp the die patrix and to clamp the die counterdie closed, the clamping chamber that clamps die because of diameter less than the bar diameter, the bar of heating part is not clamped;
D), starting the thick oil cylinder of pier makes piston crown stretch out the directed cavity that push rod is stretched into the clamping die, because push rod and bar diameter are all less than the directed cavity diameter that clamps die, make push rod promote the bar head under the thrust of the thick oil cylinder piston head of pier and clamping in the directed cavity of die mobile backward, red heat bar generation plastic deformation partly is upsetting and is full of rear portion, the thick chamber of pier;
E), starting clamping cylinder makes piston and clamps the rising of die patrix, clamping the die patrix unclamps with clamping die counterdie, then rear 1/2 position that bar need be continued the thick part of pier retracts and is heated to the red heat state in the Frequency Induction Heating circle, front end with bar extends in the directed cavity that clamps die again, red heat is partly entered clamp the middle part in the thick chamber of pier of die, and make bar get back to the step b) position, starting clamping cylinder descends piston, bar is clamped the rear thick oil cylinder of pier that starts, it is mobile backward in the directed cavity that clamps die that push rod promotes the bar head, and the bar pier that clamps red heat position in the thick chamber of pier of die is thick and be full of middle part, the thick chamber of pier;
F), again start clamping cylinder and make piston and clamp the die patrix and rise, with the bar front end not the thick part of pier be withdrawn into and be heated to the red heat state in the Frequency Induction Heating circle, repeating aforementioned activities, can to finish whole piers thick.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110026936 CN102166611B (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2011-01-25 | Long bar continuously upsetting device and method for railway wagon brake pull rod |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110026936 CN102166611B (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2011-01-25 | Long bar continuously upsetting device and method for railway wagon brake pull rod |
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| CN102166611A CN102166611A (en) | 2011-08-31 |
| CN102166611B true CN102166611B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386451B (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2015-07-08 | 雷帮荣 | Forming process of large-diameter piston plug, step shaft or oil cylinder and processing equipment thereof |
| CN105057534B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-06-27 | 平高集团有限公司 | A kind of shaped device of extending pull rod |
| CN106670366B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2019-08-20 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of rail gathering stock device and method for upsetting |
| CN108015207A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-11 | 株洲中车天力锻业有限公司 | A kind of hot heading moulding process of the large-scale torque arm of motor-car |
| CN109877266A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-14 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | A kind of asymmetric section steel rail upsetting apparatus |
| CN112387913A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-23 | 无锡航亚科技股份有限公司 | Upsetting die for forging blank of hip joint handle forging and blank manufacturing method thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0272067A3 (en) * | 1986-12-18 | 1990-05-09 | Stelco Inc. | Process and apparatus for upset forging of long stands of metal bar stock |
| JPH05104191A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1993-04-27 | Suzuhide Kogyo Kk | Cold forging method for shaft body with flange |
| US5378205A (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1995-01-03 | Gohl; Allen P. | Extruded metal chain pin |
| JP2003053470A (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2003-02-26 | Ohbayashi Corp | Forming equipment and forming method for steel plate material |
| CN101111327A (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2008-01-23 | 昭和电工株式会社 | Upsetting method and upsetting apparatus |
| CN202045311U (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2011-11-23 | 南京中盛铁路车辆配件有限公司 | Continuous heading device for long bar stock of brake pull bar of railway freight car |
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