JPWO2005075513A1 - DJ-1 derivatives with oxidized cysteine residues - Google Patents
DJ-1 derivatives with oxidized cysteine residues Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本発明は、DJ-1において、106位のシステイン残基がシステインスルホン酸に酸化されてなるDJ-1誘導体に関する。該DJ-1誘導体は、神経変性疾患の診断用マーカーとして有用である。The present invention relates to a DJ-1 derivative obtained by oxidizing a cysteine residue at position 106 to cysteine sulfonic acid in DJ-1. The DJ-1 derivative is useful as a diagnostic marker for neurodegenerative diseases.
Description
本発明は、DJ-1の酸化誘導体、該誘導体に対する抗体、並びに、酸化ストレスの指標としてのDJ-1酸化誘導体の利用に関する。 The present invention relates to an oxidized derivative of DJ-1, an antibody against the derivative, and use of the DJ-1 oxidized derivative as an indicator of oxidative stress.
DJ-1はNIH3T3細胞を形質転換させる癌遺伝子として発見された(非特許文献1)。 DJ-1 was discovered as an oncogene that transforms NIH3T3 cells (Non-patent Document 1).
また、パーキンソン病の原因遺伝子としてPARK7が同定され、該遺伝子がDJ-1の点突然変異(166番目のロイシンがプロリンに変異)産物と同一であることが判明した(非特許文献2)。 Moreover, PARK7 was identified as a causative gene of Parkinson's disease, and it was found that the gene was identical to a DJ-1 point mutation (the 166th leucine was mutated to proline) (Non-patent Document 2).
さらに、DJ-1は過酸化水素、パラコートによる酸化ストレスで二次元電気泳動上のスポットがシフトし、スポットの位置の変化からシステインの酸化によることが示唆されている(非特許文献3)。 Furthermore, it is suggested that DJ-1 is caused by oxidation of cysteine from the change in spot position due to the shift of the spot on two-dimensional electrophoresis due to oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide and paraquat (Non-patent Document 3).
さらに、非特許文献4は、DJ-1のX-線結晶構造解析に関する論文であり、パーキンソン病に関わるL166P変異の導入により二量体構造に変化が起こること、X線照射により106番目のシステインが酸化されてスルフィン酸(SO2H)になることを示唆している。Furthermore, Non-Patent Document 4 is a paper on X-ray crystal structure analysis of DJ-1, which shows that a change in the dimer structure occurs due to the introduction of the L166P mutation related to Parkinson's disease, and that the 106th cysteine is caused by X-ray irradiation. Is oxidized to sulfinic acid (SO 2 H).
ところで、酸化ストレスは老化や動脈硬化など重要な疾患の原因と考えられており、これらの疾患の早期マーカーとなる酸化ストレスマーカー分子同定は極めて重要である。 By the way, oxidative stress is considered to be a cause of important diseases such as aging and arteriosclerosis, and identification of an oxidative stress marker molecule that is an early marker of these diseases is extremely important.
しかしながら、現在のところ、酸化ストレスマーカーとして8−オキソグアニジンなどの低分子のマーカーが知られるのみであり、有用な酸化ストレスマーカーは実質的に知られていない。
本発明は、生体における酸化ストレスを評価し、ひいては、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー病などの神経変性疾患の有用な診断マーカーを見出すための技術を提供することを目的とする。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for evaluating oxidative stress in a living body and thus finding useful diagnostic markers for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
本発明者は、上記課題に鑑み検討を重ねた結果、DJ-1誘導体の構造を決定し、それにより生体酸化ストレス或いはそれに基づく疾患の診断に関し、有用な技術を確立した。 As a result of repeated investigations in view of the above problems, the present inventor determined the structure of the DJ-1 derivative, thereby establishing a useful technique for diagnosis of biological oxidative stress or diseases based thereon.
即ち、本発明は、以下の発明に関する。
1. DJ-1において、106位のシステイン残基がシステインスルホン酸及び/又はシステインスルフィン酸に酸化されてなるDJ-1誘導体。
2. 項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体に対する抗体。
3. 項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体からなる酸化ストレスマーカー。
4. ヒトまたは哺乳動物由来のサンプルにおいて、
(3)項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体の量を測定する工程;または
(4)項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体とDJ-1の比率を測定する工程
を包含することを特徴とする、ヒトまたは哺乳動物における酸化ストレス状態を評価する方法。
5. 項1または2に記載のDJ-1誘導体からなる神経変性疾患の疾患マーカー。
6. 神経変性疾患がパーキンソン病またはアルツハイマー病である項5に記載のマーカー。
7. ヒト由来のサンプルにおいて、
(1)項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体の量を測定する工程;または
(2)項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体とDJ-1の比率を測定する工程
を包含することを特徴とする、ヒトにおける神経変性疾患の診断方法。
8. 神経変性疾患がパーキンソン病またはアルツハイマー病である項7に記載の方法。That is, the present invention relates to the following inventions.
1. A DJ-1 derivative obtained by oxidizing the cysteine residue at position 106 to cysteine sulfonic acid and / or cysteine sulfinic acid in DJ-1.
2. An antibody against the DJ-1 derivative according to Item 1.
3. An oxidative stress marker comprising the DJ-1 derivative according to Item 1.
4). In samples derived from humans or mammals,
(3) a step of measuring the amount of the DJ-1 derivative according to item 1; or
(4) A method for evaluating an oxidative stress state in a human or mammal, comprising a step of measuring the ratio of the DJ-1 derivative according to item 1 and DJ-1.
5. A disease marker for neurodegenerative diseases comprising the DJ-1 derivative according to Item 1 or 2.
6). Item 6. The marker according to Item 5, wherein the neurodegenerative disease is Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease.
7). In human-derived samples,
(1) a step of measuring the amount of the DJ-1 derivative according to item 1; or
(2) A method for diagnosing a neurodegenerative disease in a human, comprising a step of measuring the ratio of the DJ-1 derivative according to item 1 and DJ-1.
8). Item 8. The method according to Item 7, wherein the neurodegenerative disease is Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease.
本発明によれば、酸化ストレス及びパーキンソン病などの神経変性疾患の指標となるDJ-1の構造を決定したことで、これらの病的状態の程度を容易に評価することができるようになった。 According to the present invention, by determining the structure of DJ-1 which is an index of neurodegenerative diseases such as oxidative stress and Parkinson's disease, the degree of these pathological states can be easily evaluated. .
本明細書において、ヒトDJ-1は、配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列を有する蛋白質である。ヒトのDJ-1の場合、DJ-1誘導体は、106位のシステイン残基(Cys)がシステインスルホン酸(Cys(SO3H))及び/又はシステインスルフィン酸(Cys(SO2H))に酸化された酸化型誘導体(Cys(SO3H)106DJ-1)および(Cys(SO2H)106DJ-1)を包含する。ヒト以外の哺乳動物の場合、DJ-1の106位に対応するシステイン残基が酸化された酸化型DJ-1誘導体を意味する。In this specification, human DJ-1 is a protein having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. In the case of human DJ-1, the DJ-1 derivative has a cysteine residue (Cys) at position 106 replaced with cysteine sulfonic acid (Cys (SO 3 H)) and / or cysteine sulfinic acid (Cys (SO 2 H)). Oxidized oxidized derivatives (Cys (SO 3 H) 106 DJ-1) and (Cys (SO 2 H) 106 DJ-1) are included. In the case of mammals other than humans, it means an oxidized DJ-1 derivative in which the cysteine residue corresponding to position 106 of DJ-1 is oxidized.
以下、DJ-1としてヒトDJ-1を例に取り説明するが、ヒト以外の哺乳動物由来のDJ-1についてもヒトDJ-1についての記載を参考にして、当業者であれば容易に本発明を実施することができる。 In the following, human DJ-1 will be described as an example of DJ-1, but those skilled in the art can easily refer to DJ-1 derived from mammals other than humans by referring to the description of human DJ-1. The invention can be implemented.
DJ-1は、酸化ストレスにより、その106位のシステイン残基がシステインスルホン酸、或いはその中間体であるシステインスルフィン酸に酸化されて、酸化型のDJ-1誘導体となる。この酸化は、生体に存在する過酸化水素だけでなく、tert-ブチルヒドロペルオキシドなどの他の過酸化物やPLPC−OOH(フォスファチジルコリンの過酸化物)などの生体由来の過酸化脂質を用いても進行することが本発明者により確認された。従って、このDJ-1の酸化は生理的条件下で生じているものである。データとしては示さないが、本発明者は、アルツハイマー病などの神経変性疾患の患者及び健常者の血液中に、DJ-1酸化体であるCys(SO3H)106DJ-1が存在すること、このDJ-1酸化体は年齢と共に存在量が増加する傾向にあることを本発明者は確認している。Due to oxidative stress, the cysteine residue at position 106 is oxidized to cysteine sulfonic acid or its intermediate, cysteine sulfinic acid, to form an oxidized DJ-1 derivative. This oxidation is not limited to hydrogen peroxide present in the living body, but also other peroxides such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide or living body lipid peroxides such as PLPC-OOH (peroxide of phosphatidylcholine). It has been confirmed by the present inventor that the process proceeds even when used. Therefore, this oxidation of DJ-1 occurs under physiological conditions. Although not shown as data, the present inventor confirmed that Cys (SO 3 H) 106 DJ-1, which is a DJ-1 oxidant, is present in the blood of patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and healthy individuals. The present inventors have confirmed that the abundance of this oxidized DJ-1 tends to increase with age.
本発明のDJ-1誘導体を認識する抗体(モノクローナル抗体又はポリクローナル抗体)は、DJ-1誘導体を免疫原として用いてラット、マウス、ウサギ、ヤギなどの適当な哺乳動物を免疫し、該免疫哺乳動物の抗体産生細胞を回収し、必要に応じてモノクローナル抗体またはポリクローナル抗体を産生する細胞をスクリーニングし、得られた免疫細胞と哺乳動物のミエローマ細胞とを融合する等の常法に従い得られる。 The antibody (monoclonal antibody or polyclonal antibody) that recognizes the DJ-1 derivative of the present invention immunizes a suitable mammal such as rat, mouse, rabbit, goat, etc. using the DJ-1 derivative as an immunogen. Animal antibody-producing cells are collected, and if necessary, cells that produce monoclonal antibodies or polyclonal antibodies are screened, and the obtained immune cells and mammalian myeloma cells are fused and obtained according to a conventional method.
該抗体は、106位のシステインスルホン酸を認識するものであれば、酸化型DJ-1誘導体を特異的に認識することができる。 The antibody can specifically recognize an oxidized DJ-1 derivative as long as it recognizes cysteine sulfonic acid at position 106.
DJ-1誘導体の量またはDJ-1誘導体とDJ-1の比率を測定するためのヒト由来のサンプルとしては、血液、尿、唾液、リンパ液などが挙げられるが、好ましくは血液である。 Examples of the human-derived sample for measuring the amount of the DJ-1 derivative or the ratio of the DJ-1 derivative to DJ-1 include blood, urine, saliva, lymph, etc., preferably blood.
DJ-1誘導体の量またはDJ-1誘導体とDJ-1の比率を測定は、DJ-1誘導体に対する抗体と必要に応じてDJ-1に対する抗体を用い、ELISAなどのアッセイにより行うのが好ましいが、二次元電気泳動により行うことも可能である。 The amount of DJ-1 derivative or the ratio of DJ-1 derivative to DJ-1 is preferably measured by an assay such as ELISA using an antibody against DJ-1 derivative and, if necessary, an antibody against DJ-1. It is also possible to carry out by two-dimensional electrophoresis.
本発明において、DJ-1酸化誘導体により酸化ストレスの程度並びに診断が可能な神経変性疾患としては、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)、脊髄性筋萎縮症候群(SMA)、ハンチントン病、脳血管障害後の痴呆が例示される。 In the present invention, the degree of oxidative stress and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases that can be diagnosed with a DJ-1 oxidized derivative include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal muscular atrophy syndrome (SMA). Examples include dementia after Huntington's disease and cerebrovascular disorder.
酸化ストレスの強さおよび神経変性疾患(特にパーキンソン病とアルツハイマー病)の関連については、DJ-1誘導体の量(濃度)或いはDJ-1に対する酸化型のDJ-1誘導体の比率が高いほど、酸化ストレスが強く、神経変性疾患に罹っているか、罹る可能性が高いと考えられる。 Regarding the relationship between the intensity of oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases (especially Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease), the higher the amount (concentration) of DJ-1 derivative or the ratio of oxidized DJ-1 derivative to DJ-1, the more It is thought that stress is strong and suffers from or is likely to suffer from a neurodegenerative disease.
酸化ストレスの程度を測定する場合、106位がシステインスルホン酸及び/又はシステインスルフィン酸に酸化されたDJ-1の量を測定すればよく、これによりパーキンソン病の診断も行うことができる。 When the degree of oxidative stress is measured, the amount of DJ-1 oxidized at position 106 to cysteine sulfonic acid and / or cysteine sulfinic acid may be measured, whereby Parkinson's disease can also be diagnosed.
以下、本発明を実施例に基づきより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例には限定されない。
実施例1
(1)試料調製
培養ヒトさい帯静脈血管内皮細胞(Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell: HUVEC, 三光純薬より初代培養品を購入)を直径6cmのディッシュで培養した。培地にEGM-2(三光純薬製)を用い、37oC, 5% CO2のCO2インキュベータにより培養を行う。細胞は4代継代して80−90%コンフルエントになった時点で、培地中に88.2 mM過酸化水素を3.4μl添加し(最終濃度100 μ M)1時間CO2インキュベータ内で培養を続けた。過酸化水素処理を行った細胞は回収した後リン酸緩衝液で洗浄し二次元電気泳動に供した。
(2)二次元電気泳動
回収した細胞は等電点電気泳動用溶液(9M尿素、2% CHAPS、65mM DTE、0.5% IPG Buffer(AmershamBioscience社))280 μ lに溶解し、15000 rpm 20min遠心して不溶成分を除き250 μ lを Immobiline Dry Strip (13 cm長、pIレンジ4-7、AmershamBioscience社)に添加、12時間膨潤させた。膨潤したのちIPGPhor 電気泳動装置(AmershamBioscience社)により500V1時間、1000V1時間、8000V6時間のタイムプログラムにより等電点電気泳動(一次元目)を行った。泳動終了後、等電点電気泳動を行ったゲルは50 mM Tris-HCl(pH 6.8)、6M尿素、30% グリセロール、2% SDS、20mM DTEにより平衡化し、12.5% のSDSポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動によって二次元目の電気泳動を行った。二次元電気泳動ゲルはSyproRuby (Molecular Probes社)により蛍光染色してスポットを可視化し、HUVECへの過酸化水素負荷の有無により位置の移動したスポットを切り出した。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
Example 1
(1) Sample preparation Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell: HUVEC, purchased from Sanko Junyaku Co., Ltd.) were cultured in a 6 cm diameter dish. Use EGM-2 (manufactured by Sanko Junyaku Co., Ltd.) as the medium and culture in a CO 2 incubator with 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 When cells reached 80-90% confluence after 4 passages, 3.4 μl of 88.2 mM hydrogen peroxide was added to the medium (final concentration 100 μM) and the culture was continued in a CO 2 incubator for 1 hour. . The cells treated with hydrogen peroxide were collected, washed with a phosphate buffer, and subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis.
(2) Two-dimensional electrophoresis The collected cells are dissolved in 280 μl of isoelectric focusing solution (9M urea, 2% CHAPS, 65 mM DTE, 0.5% IPG Buffer (Amersham Bioscience)) and centrifuged at 15000 rpm for 20 min. After removing insoluble components, 250 μl was added to Immobiline Dry Strip (13 cm long, pI range 4-7, Amersham Bioscience) and allowed to swell for 12 hours. After swelling, isoelectric focusing (first dimension) was performed with an IPGPhor electrophoresis apparatus (AmershamBioscience) using a time program of 500 V for 1 hour, 1000 V for 1 hour, and 8000 V for 6 hours. After electrophoresis, the gel subjected to isoelectric focusing was equilibrated with 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 6 M urea, 30% glycerol, 2% SDS, 20 mM DTE, and 12.5% SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis The second dimensional electrophoresis was carried out. The two-dimensional electrophoresis gel was fluorescently stained with SyproRuby (Molecular Probes) to visualize the spot, and the spot moved according to the presence or absence of hydrogen peroxide load on HUVEC was cut out.
なお、過酸化水素添加前の試料(コントロール)を同様にして二次元電気泳動を行った。結果を図1に示す。
(3)質量分析によるタンパク質同定と構造解析
過酸化水素負荷に応答を示した(二次元電気泳動上で位置の移動した)スポットは、トリプシンを用いたゲル内消化によりペプチド断片とした。このペプチド混合物はナノスプレーイオン化LC-MS/MSシステムに導入した。(溶媒A:0.1%ギ酸、5% アセトニトリル水溶液;溶媒B:0.1%ギ酸、98%アセトニトリル水溶液;溶媒Aに対しBを5%から65%まで40分の直線グラジエントで2 μ l/minの流速で送液した。カラムは逆相C18カラム(MAGIC C18, MichromBioresources社)を通してイオントラップ型質量分析計(LCQ-DECA、ThermoElectron社)によりdeta dependent scan modeにより測定を行った。)測定データはMASCOTシステム(Matrix Science社)によりペプチド−マスフィンガープリント法、MS/MSデータサーチ法を併用しタンパク質同定を行った。これらのデータベース検索により、天然型DJ-1、ならびにDJ-1誘導体のトリプシン消化フラグメントの68%、93%を同定した。The sample (control) before the addition of hydrogen peroxide was subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis in the same manner. The results are shown in FIG.
(3) Protein identification and structural analysis by mass spectrometry Spots that showed a response to hydrogen peroxide loading (positions moved on two-dimensional electrophoresis) were made into peptide fragments by in-gel digestion with trypsin. This peptide mixture was introduced into a nanospray ionization LC-MS / MS system. (Solvent A: 0.1% formic acid, 5% acetonitrile aqueous solution; Solvent B: 0.1% formic acid, 98% acetonitrile aqueous solution; B for solvent A from 5% to 65% with a linear gradient of 40 minutes for 2 μl / min flow rate The column was measured in deta dependent scan mode with an ion trap mass spectrometer (LCQ-DECA, ThermoElectron) through a reverse phase C18 column (MAGIC C18, MichromBioresources). (Matrix Science) performed protein identification using the peptide-mass fingerprint method and MS / MS data search method in combination. These database searches identified 68% and 93% of the native DJ-1 and trypsin digested fragments of DJ-1 derivatives.
その結果、二次元電気泳動上で酸性側に現れたスポット(DJ-1誘導体)について、LC-MS/MSの測定データから構造決定を行ったところ、DJ-1の106番目のシステイン残基がシステインスルホン酸(Cys-SO3H)に酸化されていることがわかった。As a result, the structure of the spot (DJ-1 derivative) that appeared on the acidic side on two-dimensional electrophoresis was determined from LC-MS / MS measurement data. It was found that it was oxidized to cysteine sulfonic acid (Cys-SO 3 H).
Claims (8)
(1)請求項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体の量を測定する工程;または
(2)請求項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体とDJ-1の比率を測定する工程
を包含することを特徴とする、ヒトまたは哺乳動物における酸化ストレス状態を評価する方法。In samples derived from humans or mammals,
(1) a step of measuring the amount of the DJ-1 derivative according to claim 1; or
(2) A method for evaluating an oxidative stress state in a human or mammal, comprising a step of measuring the ratio of the DJ-1 derivative according to claim 1 and DJ-1.
(1)請求項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体の量を測定する工程;または
(2)請求項1に記載のDJ-1誘導体とDJ-1の比率を測定する工程
を包含することを特徴とする、ヒトにおける神経変性疾患の診断方法。In human-derived samples,
(1) a step of measuring the amount of the DJ-1 derivative according to claim 1; or
(2) A method for diagnosing a neurodegenerative disease in a human, comprising a step of measuring the ratio of the DJ-1 derivative according to claim 1 to DJ-1.
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PCT/JP2005/001478 WO2005075513A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-02-02 | Dj-1 derivative having acidified cysteine residue |
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WO2007119237A1 (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2007-10-25 | Ramot At Tel Aviv University Ltd. | Methods and kits for diagnosing oxidative stress associated diseases |
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JP2010183843A (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2010-08-26 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology | Antibody against oxidation type polypeptide containing oxidized sulfur-containing amino acid residue |
JP5885158B2 (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2016-03-15 | 学校法人同志社 | Antibodies against polypeptides containing sulfur-containing amino acid residues |
WO2014078623A2 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-22 | Brandeis University | Tethering cysteine residues using cyclic disulfides |
JP5775540B2 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2015-09-09 | 株式会社ファンケル | Evaluation method of UV stress applied by UV irradiation of skin |
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JPN6009010421; 'Free Radical Research' 2001, Vol.35, pp.301-310 * |
JPN6009010422; 'Free Radical Research' 2001, Vol.35, pp.885-893 * |
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JPN6009034116; 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA' 2003, Vol.100, No.16, pp.9256-9261 * |
JPN6009034117; 'Journal of Biological Chemistry' 2003, Vol.278, No.33, pp.31372-31379 * |
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