JPWO2003056236A1 - Illumination unit and liquid crystal display device using the same - Google Patents

Illumination unit and liquid crystal display device using the same Download PDF

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JPWO2003056236A1
JPWO2003056236A1 JP2003556723A JP2003556723A JPWO2003056236A1 JP WO2003056236 A1 JPWO2003056236 A1 JP WO2003056236A1 JP 2003556723 A JP2003556723 A JP 2003556723A JP 2003556723 A JP2003556723 A JP 2003556723A JP WO2003056236 A1 JPWO2003056236 A1 JP WO2003056236A1
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light
liquid crystal
housing
illumination
shielding member
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JP4146349B2 (en
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敏夫 天谷
敏夫 天谷
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
    • G02B6/0093—Means for protecting the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
    • G02F1/133311—Environmental protection, e.g. against dust or humidity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133382—Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell
    • G02F1/133385—Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell with cooling means, e.g. fans
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133628—Illuminating devices with cooling means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

本発明の液晶表示装置は、光源と、光源からの光を液晶パネルの方向に導光させる導光板と、導光板及び光源を覆うように配設された反射シートと、反射シートで囲まれた導光板及び光源（すなわち照明エレメント）を上方から保持する枠部材と、照明エレメントを収納するとともに枠部材と嵌合される裏面カバーと、裏面カバーと照明エレメントとの間に配設された遮蔽部材とを備える。遮蔽部材は、熱伝導度の大きな材料から構成され、塵埃の侵入経路となる、枠部材と裏面カバーとの間の間隙、裏面カバーと照明エレメントとの間の間隙、及び、裏面カバーの底面に形成された複数の放熱孔を遮蔽してこれらと表示領域とを隔絶する。The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is surrounded by a light source, a light guide plate that guides light from the light source in the direction of the liquid crystal panel, a reflection sheet disposed to cover the light guide plate and the light source, and the reflection sheet A frame member that holds the light guide plate and the light source (that is, the lighting element) from above, a back cover that houses the lighting element and is fitted to the frame member, and a shielding member that is disposed between the back cover and the lighting element With. The shielding member is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity and is a gap between the frame member and the back cover, a gap between the back cover and the lighting element, and a bottom surface of the back cover. The plurality of formed heat radiation holes are shielded to isolate the display area.

Description

〔技術分野〕
本発明は、導光板の端面に光源を配した照明ユニット及びそれを用いた液晶表示装置に関する。
〔技術背景〕
近年、ノート型パーソナルコンピュータやワードプロセッサ等の情報機器の表示装置、あるいは携帯型テレビやビデオムービー、カーナビゲーションシステム等の映像機器の表示装置において、軽量、薄型、低消費電力という特徴を生かして液晶表示装置が多く用いられるようになっている。これらの液晶表示装置では、明るい表示画面を実現するために、内蔵した照明ユニットにより表示パネルの背後から照明光をあてるという構成をとっているものが多い。
この照明ユニットにおいては、導光板を表示パネルの裏面に置きその導光板の端面に蛍光放電管等の線光源を配置するエッジライト方式が、薄型化と発光面の輝度均一性に優れるという特徴を有することから、ノート型パーソナルコンピュータ等に使用される液晶表示装置のバックライトの方式として採用されることが多い。
第６図は蛍光放電管を備えた従来のエッジライト方式の照明ユニットＵＴであり、第７図は、第６図の照明ユニットＵＴを有する液晶表示装置ＬＤである。この照明ユニットＵＴは、光を伝達する平板状の透明な導光板１と、この導光板１の４辺のうちの互いに対向する２辺に配された蛍光放電管２と、蛍光放電管２から発せられた光を反射することにより導光板１の端面Ｄ１に導く反射シート３とを有している。ここで、導光板１の端面Ｄ１は蛍光放電管２が配設されている端面であり、端面Ｄ２は蛍光放電管２が配設されていない端面である。導光板１の裏面及び端面Ｄ１，Ｄ２が、蛍光放電管２も含めて反射シート３で覆われて照明エレメント１０が形成される。そして、この照明エレメント１０が、枠部材９によって上方及び側方から保持されるとともに、枠部材９と嵌合される箱形形状の裏面カバー８によって下方から保持され、これにより、枠部材９と裏面カバー８とから構成される筐体３０内に収納される。そして、導光板１の光出射面側に光補正シート４，５が配設される。以上のようにして、照明ユニットＵＴが形成される。さらに、照明ユニットＵＴの光出射面側に、液晶パネル１１とフロントカバー１２とが搭載される。それにより、液晶表示装置ＬＤが形成される。
反射シート３は、導光板１からユニット外部へ漏れ出る光を反射して再度導光板１内へ戻すもので、光出射面から出射する照明光を増大させる役割を果たす。反射シート３としては、高反射率を有する白色の樹脂製のフィルムが使用されている。反射シート３には、光源たる蛍光放電管２から遠ざかるほど光の拡散面積が大きくなるように、印刷パターン（図示せず）が施されていてもよい。反射シート３は、第５図に示すように、導光板１の裏面及び端面Ｄ１，Ｄ２と蛍光放電管２とを覆うように所定形状に裁断されており、前記各面に沿って折り曲げ可能なように所定箇所にミシン目Ｓが施されている。
なお、ここでは、蛍光放電管２の周囲の部分（以下、この部分をリフレクタ部２０と呼ぶ）と導光板１の裏面とが一枚の反射シート３によって連続して覆われているが、リフレクタ部２０を覆う反射シート３と導光板１の裏面を覆う反射シート３とが分離されており、両者を両面テープで接着させる構成の反射シート３であってもよい。第６図に示すようにリフレクタ部２０と導光板１の裏面とを連続して覆う一体構成の反射シート３を用いた場合には、照明ユニットＵＴの薄型化とコスト及び組立工数の削減をすることができるという利点を有する。
光補正シート４，５としては、拡散シートやプリズムシート等が用いられる。種々の光学特性を有する各種仕様のシートを必要に応じて任意枚数設置することにより、導光板１から出射した光を拡散・集光する等して、該出射光の均斉化と高輝度化を図る。
蛍光放電管２の両端は、高周波の交流を発生させるインバータ等の電源ユニット（図示せず）に接続されたリード線（図示せず）に半田付け等により接続されている。照明ユニットＵＴの動作時には、電源ユニット部からリード線を通じて、蛍光放電管２を点灯させるために必要な電圧が印加される。一般的に、蛍光放電管２を点灯させるためには、高い電圧が必要である。このため、蛍光放電管２の電極の保護、及び、リード線の露出部を覆って安全性を確保するために、ゴム等の絶縁体で形成されたゴムホルダ７が蛍光放電管２及びリード線の外周に取り付けられている。
箱形形状の裏面カバー８の底面には、蛍光放電管２から発せられる熱を放出する放熱孔１５が複数設けられている。前述のように、裏面カバー８は、照明エレメント１０を収納する筐体３０を形成するよう枠部材９と嵌合されている。
上記構成の従来の照明ユニットＵＴ及び液晶表示装置ＬＤでは、互いに嵌合された裏面カバー８と枠部材９との間に間隙１６Ａが存在する。また、裏面カバー８と照明エレメント１０との間に間隙１６Ｂが存在する。これらの間隙１６Ａ，１６Ｂは、構造上、自然に形成されるものである。液晶表示装置ＬＤの組立工程時に装置内部に侵入した塵埃、及び、組立後に外部から装置内に侵入した塵埃は、これらの間隙１６Ａ，１６Ｂ、ならびに、枠部材９と照明エレメント１０との間の間隙を通じて、液晶パネル１１や光補正シート４，５が配されて構成される表示領域２５に侵入する。また、裏面カバー８に設けられた放熱孔１５を通じて装置内部に侵入した塵埃も、間隙１６Ｂ、ならびに、枠部材９と照明エレメント１０との間の間隙を通じて、表示領域２５に侵入する。塵埃が表示領域に侵入すると、出力光を遮るため、輝度ムラの原因となる。また、塵埃との摩擦により、光補正シート４，５等の表示領域２５の部材が損傷する。また、液晶パネル１１と照明ユニットＵＴとの間に塵埃が一度入り込むと、表示装置を解体せずに該塵埃を取り除くのは非常に困難である。したがって、塵埃の侵入を事前に防ぐことは、液晶表示装置ＬＤの組立工程後のメンテナンスにおいても重要な問題である。
さらに、照明ユニットＵＴの動作時に蛍光放電管２から生じた熱をユニット内から放熱孔１５を通じて外部に放熱する際には、裏面カバー８と照明エレメント１０との間の間隙１６Ｂに存在する空気が断熱層として機能するため、放熱が不充分となり、それゆえ熱に起因する種々の不具合が生じる。
〔発明の開示〕
本発明は、かかる従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、表示領域への塵埃の侵入を確実に防止することが可能な液晶表示装置及び該装置に用いられる照明ユニットを提供することを目的とする。
前記目的を達成するため、本発明の照明ユニットは、光源と、前記光源が端面に配置され前記光源から出射した光を導光して光出射面から出射する導光板と、前記導光板の裏面及び端面と前記光源とを覆う反射部材とを含む照明エレメントと、前記照明エレメントを保持する筐体とを備えた照明ユニットにおいて、前記筐体と前記照明エレメントとの間に形成され前記照明エレメントの端面との間の間隙を通じた塵埃の前記照明エレメントへの侵入を阻止する遮蔽部材が、前記筐体と前記照明エレメントとの間に配設されている。
かかる構成によれば、筐体と照明エレメントとの間の間隙が遮蔽部材によって遮蔽されているため、ユニット組立工程時及び組立後にユニット内に入り込んだ塵埃が、該間隙を通じて照明エレメントの光出射面に侵入するのを防止することが可能となる。
前記筐体は、前記照明エレメントを光出射面側及び端面側から保持する枠部と、前記照明エレメントを裏面側から保持する裏面保持部とを有し、ユニット内部の熱をユニット外部へ放出するための放熱孔が前記裏面保持部に形成され、前記遮蔽部材が、少なくとも前記照明エレメントの底面と前記筐体の底部との間に配設されてもよい。
かかる構成によれば、筐体の裏面保持部と照明エレメントとの間に遮蔽部材が配設されているため、放熱孔からユニット内部に入り込む塵埃が照明エレメントの光出射面に侵入するのを防止することが可能となる。
前記筐体は、前記枠部を構成し前記照明エレメントの前記光出射面側に装着された枠部材と、前記裏面保持部を構成し前記枠部材と嵌合されて前記照明エレメントを収納する裏面保持部材とを有し、前記筐体の枠部材と前記裏面保持部材との間に形成された間隙が前記遮蔽部材で遮蔽されていてもよい。
かかる構成によれば、筐体を構成する枠部材と裏面保持部材との間に形成された間隙が遮蔽板部材によって遮蔽されているため、該間隙を通じて塵埃が照明エレメントの光出射面に侵入するのを防止することが可能となる。
前記遮蔽部材は平板状であり、前記遮蔽部材の外周が前記筐体の前記枠部材の内周面と外周面との間に位置してもよい。また、前記遮蔽部材は箱形形状を有し、前記遮蔽部材の外周が前記筐体の前記枠部材の内周面と外周面との間に位置してもよい。
かかる構成によれば、筐体を構成する枠部材と裏面保持部材との間に形成された間隙が、遮蔽板部材によって遮蔽されて照明エレメントと隔絶され、また、裏面保持部材に形成された放熱孔が、遮蔽部材の主面によって遮蔽されて照明エレメントと隔絶される。
前記遮蔽部材が、空気よりも熱伝導度が高い材料から構成されることが好ましい。
かかる構成によれば、筐体の裏面保持部と照明エレメントとの間に、空気よりも高い熱伝導度を有する材料から構成される遮蔽部材が配設されているため、裏面保持部と照明エレメントとの間に空気で満たされた間隙が存在する場合よりも、放熱孔から効率よくユニット外部に熱を放出することが可能となる。したがって、熱に起因して発生する種々の不具合を抑制することが可能となり、信頼性の高い照明ユニットを実現できる。
本発明に係る液晶表示装置は、上記構成を有する照明ユニットと、前記照明ユニットの光出射面側に配設された液晶パネルとを備える。
かかる構成によれば、照明ユニットにおいて前述の効果が得られるため、表示領域への塵埃の侵入を防止することが可能となる。したがって、塵埃の侵入による輝度ムラが解消されるとともに、表示領域の構成部材が塵埃により損傷するのを防止することができる。また、表示領域に侵入した塵埃を除去するために装置を解体する必要がなくなるので、メンテナンスが容易となる。
また、前述のように空気よりも大きな熱伝導度を有する材料から構成される前記遮蔽部材が前記照明エレメントと前記筐体の前記裏面保持部材との間に配設された照明ユニットを備えてもよい。
かかる構成によれば、照明ユニットにおいて、前述のように効率よく放熱を行うことが可能となるため、熱に起因して発生する種々の不具合を抑制することができる。したがって、信頼性の高い装置を実現できる。
本発明の上記目的、他の目的、特徴、及び利点は、添付図面参照の下、以下の好適な実施態様の詳細な説明から明らかにされる。
〔発明を実施するための最良の形態〕
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
（実施の形態１）
第１図は、本発明の実施の形態１に係る照明ユニットの構成を模式的に示す断面図であり、第２図は、第１図に示す照明ユニットが組み込まれた液晶表示装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。
本実施の形態に係る照明ユニットは、第１図及び第２図に示すように、光源たる蛍光放電管２と、蛍光放電管２からの光を後述の液晶パネル１１に伝達する平板状の導光板１と、導光板１の底面（すなわち光出射面と反対の面）及び端面Ｄ１，Ｄ２、ならびに蛍光放電管２の周囲（すなわちリフレクタ部２０）を覆うように配された反射シート３と、該反射シート３で囲まれた蛍光放電管２及び導光板１（以下、これを照明エレメント１０と呼ぶ）を上方（光出射面側）から保持する枠部材９と、枠部材９と嵌合されて照明エレメント１０を下方から保持する箱形の裏面カバー８と、裏面カバー８の底面と照明エレメント１０との間に配置された板状の遮蔽部材１３とを主として備える。また、第２図に示すように、該照明ユニットＵＴの光出射面側に液晶パネル１１及びフロントカバー１２が配設されて液晶表示装置ＬＤが構成される。ここでは、液晶パネル１１及び該パネルの配設領域の下方領域を含めて表示領域２５と呼ぶ。
かかる構成を有する照明ユニットＵＴの製造時には、導光板１の対向する２つの端面Ｄ１に、それぞれ蛍光放電管２を配設する。蛍光放電管２の両端には、高周波の交流を発生させるインバータ等の電源ユニット（図示せず）に接続されたリード線（図示せず）を半田付け等により接続する。また、照明ユニットの動作時には蛍光放電管２に高い電圧が印加されることから、蛍光放電管２の電極の保護と安全性の確保のために、露出したリード線（図示せず）及び蛍光放電管２の外周に、ゴム等の絶縁体で形成されたゴムホルダ７を取り付ける。その後、導光板１の裏面と、蛍光放電管２も含めて導光板１の端面Ｄ１，Ｄ２とを覆うように、反射シート３を配設する。このように反射シート３で導光板１及び蛍光放電管２を覆って照明エレメント１０を形成した後、該照明エレメント１０の上側（すなわち光出射面側）に、表示領域を取り囲むように形成された枠部材９を取り付ける。それにより、照明エレメント１０の上部及び側部が、枠部材９によって外周側から保持される。さらに、該枠部材９が取り付けられた照明エレメント１０を、複数の放熱孔１５が底面に形成された箱形形状を有する裏面カバー８内に収納する。ここで、裏面カバー８の底面にはあらかじめ遮蔽部材１３を配設しておき、該遮蔽部材１３上に照明エレメント１０が配置されるように枠部材９と裏面カバー８とを嵌合させる。それにより、遮蔽部材１３を介して、照明エレメント１０が下部から裏面カバー８によって保持される。さらに、枠部材９で覆われていない導光板１の光出射面、すなわち表示領域に、光補正シート４，５を配設して照明ユニットＵＴを完成させる。そして、第２図に示すように、この照明ユニットＵＴの光出射面側に液晶パネル１１を配設し、さらにその上に、筐体の一種であるフロントカバー１２を取り付けて液晶表示装置ＬＤを完成させる。
導光板１は、光伝達に最適な透過率及び屈折率等の光学特性を有するアクリル等の材料で形成されている。導光板１の裏面には、蛍光放電管２からの距離に応じて拡散面積を変化させたドットパターンあるいは溝パターン（図示せず）等が施されている。
反射シート３としては、高反射率を有する白色の樹脂製フィルムが使用されている。ここでは、導光板１の裏面及び端面Ｄ１，Ｄ２を連続して覆う一枚の反射シート３、具体的には、第３図に示すように、所定の形状に裁断されるとともに導光板１の端面Ｄ１，Ｄ２に対応してミシン目Ｓが形成された反射シート３が用いられている。導光板１の裏面側から端面Ｄ１に沿ってコの字型に反射シート３を折り曲げて蛍光放電管２を囲むことにより、リフレクタ部２０が形成される。リフレクタ部２０では、反射シート３の端部が、導光板１の光出射面の外周に両面テープ等の接着剤６で固定されている。一方、蛍光放電管２が配置されていない導光板１の端面Ｄ２では、導光板１の裏面側から端面Ｄ２に沿って反射シート３が折り曲げられている。
枠部材９及び裏面カバー８は、樹脂材料から構成される。裏面カバー８の底面には、照明ユニットＵＴの動作時に蛍光放電管２から放出された熱をユニットの外部に放出するための放熱孔１５が複数形成されている。枠部材９と裏面カバー８とを嵌合させて組立ることにより、照明エレメント１０を内部に収納して保持する筐体３０が形成される。
遮蔽部材１３は平板状であり、照明ユニットＵＴの平面視において、照明エレメント１０の外周よりも大きく、かつ、裏面カバー８内に収納が可能な大きさを有する。ここでは、遮蔽部材１３の端部が、該平面視において、枠部材９の内周面よりも１ｍｍ以上大きく、かつ、枠部材９の外周面よりも小さい。該遮蔽部材１３は、熱伝導度が１．６９×１０−５ｃａｌ・ｃｍ−１・ｓ−１・ｄｅｇ−１である空気よりも高い熱伝導度を有する金属等の材料、例えば、熱伝導度が０．４８７ｃａｌ・ｃｍ−１・ｓ−１・ｄｅｇ−１であるアルミニウムから構成されている。
導光板１の光出射面側に配設された光補正シート４，５は、導光板１から出射された光の均斉化と高輝度化を図るためのものであり、本実施の形態では、１枚の拡散シート４と１枚のプリズムシート５とが使用されている。拡散シート４は、蛍光放電管２からの光を拡散して該光を液晶パネル１１に均一に照射するために用いられるシート状の光学部材である。プリズムシート５は、三角形状の規則的な溝を切った構造を有する透明な樹脂製フィルムであり、導光板１から出射した光を集光して液晶パネル１１に照射するものである。拡散シート４及びプリズムシート５は、導光板１、反射シート３、枠部材９等のいずれにも接着されずに配設されている。なお、光補正シートとしては、拡散シート４やプリズムシート５に限らず、種々の光学特性を有する各種仕様のシートを適宜用いることが可能であり、これらの光補正シートは、必要に応じて任意枚数配設される。
照明ユニットＵＴの動作時には、蛍光放電管２の点灯により発せられた光が、蛍光放電管２が配設された導光板１の端面Ｄ１から導光板１内に入射する。ここで、リフレクタ部２０では、蛍光放電管２の周囲が反射シート３で覆われているため、蛍光放電管２から発せられた光は反射シート３で反射され、外部に漏れることなく効率よく導光板１内に入射する。また、反射シート３で覆われた導光板１の裏面及び蛍光放電管２が配設されていない導光板１の端面Ｄ２では、外部に漏れた光が反射シート３で反射されて再度導光板１内へ戻される。このように、反射シート３によって外部への光の漏れを抑制することが可能となるため、導光板１の光出射面から出射する光量の増加を図ることが可能となる。さらにここでは、前述のように、導光板１の裏面に、光を拡散するためのドットパターンあるいは溝パターン（図示せず）が形成されているため、導光板１内に入射した光が該パターンによって拡散される。したがって、光出射面から出射する光の均斉化と高輝度化がより図られる。
導光板１を出射した光は、光補正シートである拡散シート４及びプリズムシート５を透過した後、液晶パネル１１に入射する。拡散シート４及びプリズムシート５によって、該光は、均斉化が図られるとともに高輝度化が図られる。液晶パネル１１では、該光を用いて表示が行われる。
本実施の形態の照明ユニットＵＴ及び液晶表示装置ＬＤでは、導光板１の裏面を覆う反射シート３と裏面カバー８との間に、遮蔽部材１３が配設されている。このため、塵埃の表示領域２５への侵入経路となる間隙１６Ａ，１６Ｂ及び放熱孔１５が、遮蔽部材１３によって遮蔽され、表示領域２５が該侵入経路から隔絶された構成となっている。したがって、装置の組立後に外部から間隙１６Ａに侵入した塵埃や、組立工程時に侵入して間隙１６Ａ，１６Ｂに内在する塵埃、及び、放熱孔１５を通じて外部から侵入しようとする塵埃は、遮蔽部材１３によって表示領域２５に至る経路が遮られているので、表示領域２５へ侵入することができない。このように、本実施の形態の構成によれば、表示領域２５の液晶パネル１１や光補正シート４，５等に塵埃が侵入するのを防止することが可能となるため、輝度ムラの低減化を図ることが可能となるとともに、塵埃との摩擦により表示領域２５の部材が損傷するのを防止することが可能となる。また、装置を解体して塵埃を除去する必要がなくなるので、組立後の装置のメンテナンスが容易となる。
さらに、かかる構成では、遮蔽部材１３が大きな熱伝導度を有する材料から構成されているため、従来のように空気で満たされた断熱層たる間隙１６Ｂを介してユニット内部の熱を放熱孔１５から外部に放熱する場合よりも、放熱性が向上する。したがって、熱に起因して生じる種々の不具合を抑制することが可能となる。
本実施の形態においては、リフレクタ部２０と導光板１の裏面とを連続して覆う一枚の反射シート３を用いているが、本実施の形態の変形例として、例えば、リフレクタ部２０を覆う部分と導光板１の裏面を覆う部分とが分離され、両者を接着剤等で接着する構成の反射シート３を用いてもよい。
また、本実施の形態においては、二本の蛍光放電管２を有する場合について説明したが、蛍光放電管２を一本用いる等、その配置数や配置位置はこれに限定されるものではない。また、蛍光放電管以外の光源を用いてもよい。
（実施の形態２）
第３図は、本発明の実施の形態２に係る照明ユニットＵＴの構成を模式的に示す断面図である。第３図において、第１図と同一の符号は、同一または相当する構成要素を示している。
本実施の形態の照明ユニットＵＴは、実施の形態１と同様の構成を有するが、以下の点が実施の形態１と異なっている。すなわち、実施の形態１では平板状の遮蔽部材１３が配設されているが、本実施の形態では、箱形形状を有する遮蔽部材１３’が配設されており、該遮蔽部材１３’内に照明エレメント１０が収納されている。そして、枠部材９の内周面の下端に段部９ａが形成されており、該段部９ａと遮蔽部材１３’とが嵌合されている。かかる構成においても、前述した実施の形態１の効果と同様の効果が得られる。また、本実施の形態の照明ユニットＵＴの光出射面側に、実施の形態１の第２図に示すように液晶表示パネルとフロントカバーとを配設することにより、実施の形態１の液晶表示装置と同様の効果を奏する液晶表示装置を実現できる。
（実施の形態３）
第４図は、本発明の実施の形態３に係る照明ユニットＵＴの構成を模式的に示す断面図である。第４図において、第１図と同一の符号は、同一または相当する構成要素を示している。
本実施の形態の照明ユニットＵＴは、実施の形態１と同様の構成を有するが、以下の点が実施の形態１と異なっている。すなわち、実施の形態１では、裏面カバー８と枠部材９とが別個に設けられており、両者を嵌合させることによって、照明エレメント１０を収納する筐体３０が形成されているが、本実施の形態では、枠部材９と裏面カバー８とが一体成形された構成の筐体３０’が配設されている。そして、筐体３０’の底面に平板状の遮蔽板１３が嵌め込まれ、該遮蔽板１３の上に照明エレメント１０が配設される。このように、本実施の形態では、筐体３０’内に照明エレメント１０が収納されて該エレメント１０の上部、側部及び下部が保持される。
本実施の形態の構成においては、実施の形態１の場合のような枠部材９と裏面カバー８との間の間隙１６Ａ（図１）が存在せず、かつ、実施の形態１と同様に、筐体３０’の底面と照明エレメント１０との間の間隙１６Ｂならびに放熱孔１５が、遮蔽部材１３によって遮蔽されている。したがって、前述した実施の形態１の効果と同様に、塵埃の侵入防止効果、及び、放熱性の向上効果が得られる。また、本実施の形態の照明ユニットＵＴの光出射面側に、実施の形態１の第２図に示すように液晶表示パネルとフロントカバーとを配設することにより、実施の形態１の液晶表示装置と同様の効果を奏する液晶表示装置を実現できる。
以上のように、本発明の照明ユニット及び液晶表示装置によれば、液晶表示装置の表示領域への塵埃の侵入を確実に防止することができ、塵埃の侵入による輝度ムラが解消されるとともに、塵埃による表示領域の構成部材の損傷を防止できる。また、放熱性が向上するため、動作時に発生する熱に起因する種々の不具合を抑制することが可能となる。
上記説明から、当業者にとっては、本発明の多くの改良や他の実施形態が明らかである。従って、上記説明は、例示としてのみ解釈されるべきであり、本発明を実行する最良の態様を当業者に教示する目的で提供されたものである。本発明の精神を逸脱することなく、その構造及び／又は機能の詳細を実質的に変更できる。例えば、上記の実施の形態１〜３においては、本発明をエッジライト方式の照明ユニットに適用する場合について説明したが、本発明は、これ以外の方式の照明ユニットに適用することも可能である。
〔産業上の利用の可能性〕
本発明に係る照明ユニット及びそれを用いた液晶表示装置は、ＡＶ・ＯＡ・通信機器製品等に用いられる薄型化・小型化が図られた液晶表示装置及びその照明ユニットとして有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は、本発明の実施の形態１に係る照明ユニットの構成を模式的に示す断面図である。
第２図は、第１図の照明ユニットが組み込まれた液晶表示装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。
第３図は、本発明の実施の形態２に係る照明ユニットの構成を模式的に示す断面図である。
第４図は、本発明の実施の形態３に係る照明ユニットの構成を模式的に示す断面図である。
第５図は、照明ユニットに用いられる反射シートの構成を例示した模式的な展開図である。
第６図は、従来の照明ユニットの構成を模式的に示す断面図である。
第７図は、第６図の照明ユニットが組み込まれた液晶表示装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。〔Technical field〕
The present invention relates to an illumination unit in which a light source is arranged on an end face of a light guide plate and a liquid crystal display device using the illumination unit.
[Technical background]
In recent years, display devices for information devices such as notebook personal computers and word processors, or display devices for video devices such as portable televisions, video movies, and car navigation systems have been used for liquid crystal displays, taking advantage of their light weight, thinness, and low power consumption. Many devices are used. Many of these liquid crystal display devices have a configuration in which illumination light is applied from behind the display panel by a built-in illumination unit in order to realize a bright display screen.
In this lighting unit, the edge light system in which a light guide plate is placed on the back surface of the display panel and a line light source such as a fluorescent discharge tube is arranged on the end face of the light guide plate is characterized by being thin and excellent in luminance uniformity of the light emitting surface. Therefore, it is often employed as a backlight system for liquid crystal display devices used in notebook personal computers and the like.
FIG. 6 shows a conventional edge light type illumination unit UT having a fluorescent discharge tube, and FIG. 7 shows a liquid crystal display device LD having the illumination unit UT shown in FIG. The illumination unit UT includes a flat transparent light guide plate 1 that transmits light, a fluorescent discharge tube 2 disposed on two opposite sides of the four sides of the light guide plate 1, and a fluorescent discharge tube 2. A reflection sheet 3 is provided that guides the emitted light to the end face D1 of the light guide plate 1 by reflecting the emitted light. Here, the end surface D1 of the light guide plate 1 is an end surface on which the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is disposed, and the end surface D2 is an end surface on which the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is not disposed. The back surface and end surfaces D1 and D2 of the light guide plate 1 including the fluorescent discharge tube 2 are covered with the reflection sheet 3 to form the lighting element 10. The lighting element 10 is held from above and from the side by the frame member 9 and is held from below by a box-shaped back cover 8 fitted to the frame member 9. It is housed in a housing 30 composed of the back cover 8. The light correction sheets 4 and 5 are disposed on the light exit surface side of the light guide plate 1. As described above, the lighting unit UT is formed. Further, the liquid crystal panel 11 and the front cover 12 are mounted on the light emission surface side of the illumination unit UT. Thereby, the liquid crystal display device LD is formed.
The reflection sheet 3 reflects light leaking from the light guide plate 1 to the outside of the unit and returns it to the light guide plate 1 again, and plays a role of increasing illumination light emitted from the light exit surface. As the reflection sheet 3, a white resin film having a high reflectance is used. The reflection sheet 3 may be provided with a print pattern (not shown) so that the light diffusion area increases as the distance from the fluorescent discharge tube 2 as a light source increases. As shown in FIG. 5, the reflection sheet 3 is cut into a predetermined shape so as to cover the back surface and end surfaces D1 and D2 of the light guide plate 1 and the fluorescent discharge tube 2, and can be bent along the respective surfaces. In this way, perforations S are provided at predetermined locations.
Here, a portion around the fluorescent discharge tube 2 (hereinafter, this portion is referred to as a reflector portion 20) and the back surface of the light guide plate 1 are continuously covered with a single reflection sheet 3. The reflection sheet 3 that covers the portion 20 and the reflection sheet 3 that covers the back surface of the light guide plate 1 are separated, and the reflection sheet 3 may be configured to adhere both with a double-sided tape. As shown in FIG. 6, in the case of using the reflection sheet 3 having an integral structure that continuously covers the reflector portion 20 and the back surface of the light guide plate 1, the lighting unit UT is thinned and the cost and the number of assembly steps are reduced. Has the advantage of being able to.
As the light correction sheets 4 and 5, a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, or the like is used. By installing an arbitrary number of sheets of various specifications having various optical characteristics as necessary, the light emitted from the light guide plate 1 is diffused and condensed, so that the emitted light is homogenized and brightened. Plan.
Both ends of the fluorescent discharge tube 2 are connected by soldering or the like to lead wires (not shown) connected to a power supply unit (not shown) such as an inverter that generates high-frequency alternating current. During the operation of the illumination unit UT, a voltage necessary for lighting the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is applied from the power supply unit through the lead wire. In general, a high voltage is required to light the fluorescent discharge tube 2. For this reason, in order to protect the electrode of the fluorescent discharge tube 2 and to cover the exposed portion of the lead wire to ensure safety, the rubber holder 7 formed of an insulator such as rubber is attached to the fluorescent discharge tube 2 and the lead wire. It is attached to the outer periphery.
A plurality of heat radiation holes 15 for releasing heat generated from the fluorescent discharge tube 2 are provided on the bottom surface of the box-shaped back cover 8. As described above, the back cover 8 is fitted to the frame member 9 so as to form the housing 30 that houses the lighting element 10.
In the conventional illumination unit UT and liquid crystal display device LD having the above-described configuration, there is a gap 16A between the back cover 8 and the frame member 9 that are fitted to each other. A gap 16 </ b> B exists between the back cover 8 and the lighting element 10. These gaps 16A and 16B are naturally formed in terms of structure. The dust that has entered the device during the assembly process of the liquid crystal display device LD, and the dust that has entered the device from the outside after assembly, and the gap between the gap members 16A and 16B and the frame member 9 and the lighting element 10 can be obtained. Through the liquid crystal panel 11 and the light correction sheets 4 and 5, the display area 25 configured by the liquid crystal panel 11 and the light correction sheets 4 and 5 is entered. In addition, dust that has entered the inside of the apparatus through the heat radiation hole 15 provided in the back cover 8 also enters the display area 25 through the gap 16 </ b> B and the gap between the frame member 9 and the lighting element 10. When dust enters the display area, the output light is blocked, resulting in luminance unevenness. Further, the members of the display area 25 such as the light correction sheets 4 and 5 are damaged by friction with dust. Further, once dust enters between the liquid crystal panel 11 and the lighting unit UT, it is very difficult to remove the dust without disassembling the display device. Therefore, preventing dust from entering in advance is an important problem in maintenance after the assembly process of the liquid crystal display device LD.
Furthermore, when the heat generated from the fluorescent discharge tube 2 during the operation of the lighting unit UT is radiated from the inside of the unit to the outside through the heat radiating hole 15, the air present in the gap 16B between the back cover 8 and the lighting element 10 is removed. Since it functions as a heat insulating layer, heat radiation becomes insufficient, and various problems caused by heat occur.
[Disclosure of the Invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and provides a liquid crystal display device capable of reliably preventing dust from entering a display area and an illumination unit used in the device. For the purpose.
In order to achieve the above object, an illumination unit of the present invention includes a light source, a light guide plate that is disposed on an end surface, guides light emitted from the light source, and emits the light from the light exit surface, and a back surface of the light guide plate And an illumination unit including a reflecting member that covers the end surface and the light source, and a housing that holds the illumination element, and is formed between the housing and the illumination element. A shielding member that prevents dust from entering the lighting element through the gap between the end surface and the end surface is disposed between the housing and the lighting element.
According to such a configuration, since the gap between the housing and the lighting element is shielded by the shielding member, dust that has entered the unit during and after the unit assembly process passes through the gap to the light exit surface of the lighting element. It is possible to prevent intrusion.
The housing includes a frame portion that holds the lighting element from the light emitting surface side and the end surface side, and a back surface holding portion that holds the lighting element from the back surface side, and releases heat inside the unit to the outside of the unit. A heat radiating hole may be formed in the back surface holding portion, and the shielding member may be disposed at least between the bottom surface of the lighting element and the bottom portion of the housing.
According to this configuration, since the shielding member is disposed between the rear surface holding portion of the housing and the lighting element, dust that enters the inside of the unit from the heat radiating hole is prevented from entering the light emitting surface of the lighting element. It becomes possible to do.
The housing constitutes the frame portion and is attached to the light emitting surface side of the illumination element, and the back surface constitutes the back surface holding portion and is fitted with the frame member to store the illumination element A holding member, and a gap formed between the frame member of the housing and the back surface holding member may be shielded by the shielding member.
According to such a configuration, since the gap formed between the frame member and the back surface holding member constituting the housing is shielded by the shielding plate member, dust enters the light emitting surface of the lighting element through the gap. Can be prevented.
The shielding member may have a flat plate shape, and an outer periphery of the shielding member may be positioned between an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the frame member of the housing. The shielding member may have a box shape, and an outer periphery of the shielding member may be located between an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the frame member of the housing.
According to such a configuration, the gap formed between the frame member and the back surface holding member constituting the housing is shielded from the lighting element by the shielding plate member, and the heat dissipation formed in the back surface holding member. The hole is shielded by the main surface of the shielding member and isolated from the lighting element.
It is preferable that the shielding member is made of a material having higher thermal conductivity than air.
According to such a configuration, since the shielding member made of a material having a thermal conductivity higher than that of air is disposed between the back surface holding portion of the housing and the lighting element, the back surface holding portion and the lighting element are arranged. As compared with the case where there is a gap filled with air between the two, the heat can be efficiently discharged from the heat radiating hole to the outside of the unit. Therefore, various problems caused by heat can be suppressed, and a highly reliable lighting unit can be realized.
The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes an illumination unit having the above-described configuration and a liquid crystal panel disposed on the light emission surface side of the illumination unit.
According to this configuration, since the above-described effect can be obtained in the lighting unit, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the display area. Therefore, luminance unevenness due to the intrusion of dust can be eliminated, and the constituent members of the display area can be prevented from being damaged by dust. In addition, since it is not necessary to disassemble the device in order to remove dust that has entered the display area, maintenance is facilitated.
In addition, as described above, the shielding member made of a material having a thermal conductivity larger than air may include an illumination unit disposed between the illumination element and the back surface holding member of the housing. Good.
According to such a configuration, since it is possible to efficiently dissipate heat as described above in the lighting unit, various problems caused by heat can be suppressed. Therefore, a highly reliable device can be realized.
The above object, other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the illumination unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a liquid crystal display device incorporating the illumination unit shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing shown typically.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the illumination unit according to the present embodiment includes a fluorescent discharge tube 2 as a light source and a flat plate-shaped guide that transmits light from the fluorescent discharge tube 2 to a liquid crystal panel 11 described later. A reflection sheet 3 disposed so as to cover the light plate 1, the bottom surface of the light guide plate 1 (that is, the surface opposite to the light emitting surface) and the end surfaces D1 and D2, and the periphery of the fluorescent discharge tube 2 (that is, the reflector portion 20); A frame member 9 that holds the fluorescent discharge tube 2 and the light guide plate 1 (hereinafter referred to as the “illuminating element 10”) surrounded by the reflection sheet 3 from above (the light emitting surface side), and the frame member 9 are fitted. The box-shaped back cover 8 that holds the lighting element 10 from below, and a plate-shaped shielding member 13 disposed between the bottom surface of the back cover 8 and the lighting element 10 are mainly provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a liquid crystal panel 11 and a front cover 12 are disposed on the light emitting surface side of the illumination unit UT to constitute a liquid crystal display device LD. Here, the display area 25 including the liquid crystal panel 11 and the area below the panel arrangement area is referred to as a display area 25.
At the time of manufacturing the lighting unit UT having such a configuration, the fluorescent discharge tubes 2 are respectively disposed on the two opposing end surfaces D1 of the light guide plate 1. Lead wires (not shown) connected to a power supply unit (not shown) such as an inverter that generates high-frequency alternating current are connected to both ends of the fluorescent discharge tube 2 by soldering or the like. Further, since a high voltage is applied to the fluorescent discharge tube 2 during operation of the lighting unit, exposed lead wires (not shown) and fluorescent discharge are used to protect the electrodes of the fluorescent discharge tube 2 and ensure safety. A rubber holder 7 made of an insulator such as rubber is attached to the outer periphery of the tube 2. Then, the reflective sheet 3 is arrange | positioned so that the back surface of the light-guide plate 1 and the end surfaces D1 and D2 of the light-guide plate 1 including the fluorescent discharge tube 2 may be covered. Thus, after forming the illumination element 10 by covering the light guide plate 1 and the fluorescent discharge tube 2 with the reflection sheet 3, it is formed on the upper side of the illumination element 10 (that is, on the light emitting surface side) so as to surround the display area. A frame member 9 is attached. Thereby, the upper part and the side part of the lighting element 10 are held by the frame member 9 from the outer peripheral side. Further, the lighting element 10 to which the frame member 9 is attached is housed in a back cover 8 having a box shape in which a plurality of heat radiation holes 15 are formed on the bottom surface. Here, the shielding member 13 is disposed on the bottom surface of the back cover 8 in advance, and the frame member 9 and the back cover 8 are fitted so that the lighting element 10 is disposed on the shielding member 13. Accordingly, the lighting element 10 is held by the back cover 8 from below through the shielding member 13. Further, the light correction sheets 4 and 5 are arranged on the light emitting surface of the light guide plate 1 that is not covered with the frame member 9, that is, the display area, thereby completing the illumination unit UT. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a liquid crystal panel 11 is disposed on the light emitting surface side of the illumination unit UT, and a front cover 12 which is a kind of casing is further mounted thereon to mount the liquid crystal display device LD. Finalize.
The light guide plate 1 is made of a material such as acrylic having optical characteristics such as transmittance and refractive index optimal for light transmission. The back surface of the light guide plate 1 is provided with a dot pattern or a groove pattern (not shown) whose diffusion area is changed according to the distance from the fluorescent discharge tube 2.
As the reflection sheet 3, a white resin film having a high reflectance is used. Here, one reflection sheet 3 that continuously covers the back surface and the end surfaces D1 and D2 of the light guide plate 1, specifically, as shown in FIG. A reflective sheet 3 in which perforations S are formed corresponding to the end faces D1 and D2 is used. The reflector portion 20 is formed by folding the reflection sheet 3 in a U shape along the end surface D1 from the back surface side of the light guide plate 1 to surround the fluorescent discharge tube 2. In the reflector unit 20, the end of the reflection sheet 3 is fixed to the outer periphery of the light emitting surface of the light guide plate 1 with an adhesive 6 such as a double-sided tape. On the other hand, on the end surface D2 of the light guide plate 1 where the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is not disposed, the reflection sheet 3 is bent along the end surface D2 from the back surface side of the light guide plate 1.
The frame member 9 and the back cover 8 are made of a resin material. On the bottom surface of the back cover 8, a plurality of heat radiation holes 15 are formed for releasing heat released from the fluorescent discharge tube 2 to the outside of the unit when the lighting unit UT is operated. By assembling the frame member 9 and the back cover 8 together, a housing 30 that houses and holds the lighting element 10 is formed.
The shielding member 13 has a flat plate shape and is larger than the outer periphery of the lighting element 10 in a plan view of the lighting unit UT and has a size that can be accommodated in the back cover 8. Here, the end of the shielding member 13 is 1 mm or more larger than the inner peripheral surface of the frame member 9 and smaller than the outer peripheral surface of the frame member 9 in the plan view. The shielding member 13 is made of a material such as a metal having a thermal conductivity higher than that of air having a thermal conductivity of 1.69 × 10 −5 cal · cm −1 · s −1 · deg −1 , for example, thermal conduction degrees is composed of aluminum is 0.487cal · cm -1 · s -1 · deg -1.
The light correction sheets 4 and 5 disposed on the light emitting surface side of the light guide plate 1 are for equalizing and increasing the brightness of the light emitted from the light guide plate 1, and in the present embodiment, One diffusion sheet 4 and one prism sheet 5 are used. The diffusion sheet 4 is a sheet-like optical member used for diffusing light from the fluorescent discharge tube 2 and uniformly irradiating the light on the liquid crystal panel 11. The prism sheet 5 is a transparent resin film having a structure in which regular grooves having a triangular shape are cut. The prism sheet 5 collects light emitted from the light guide plate 1 and irradiates the liquid crystal panel 11. The diffusion sheet 4 and the prism sheet 5 are disposed without being bonded to any of the light guide plate 1, the reflection sheet 3, the frame member 9, and the like. The light correction sheet is not limited to the diffusion sheet 4 and the prism sheet 5, and various specification sheets having various optical characteristics can be used as appropriate. These light correction sheets can be arbitrarily selected as necessary. The number is arranged.
During the operation of the illumination unit UT, light emitted by turning on the fluorescent discharge tube 2 enters the light guide plate 1 from the end surface D1 of the light guide plate 1 on which the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is disposed. Here, in the reflector unit 20, since the periphery of the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is covered with the reflection sheet 3, the light emitted from the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is reflected by the reflection sheet 3 and efficiently guided without leaking outside. The light enters the optical plate 1. Further, on the back surface of the light guide plate 1 covered with the reflection sheet 3 and the end surface D2 of the light guide plate 1 where the fluorescent discharge tube 2 is not disposed, the light leaked to the outside is reflected by the reflection sheet 3 and again the light guide plate 1. Returned in. As described above, since the light leakage to the outside can be suppressed by the reflection sheet 3, the amount of light emitted from the light emitting surface of the light guide plate 1 can be increased. Further, as described above, since a dot pattern or a groove pattern (not shown) for diffusing light is formed on the back surface of the light guide plate 1 as described above, the light incident on the light guide plate 1 is the pattern. Diffused by. Therefore, the light emitted from the light exit surface can be more uniform and high in luminance.
The light emitted from the light guide plate 1 passes through the diffusion sheet 4 and the prism sheet 5 that are light correction sheets, and then enters the liquid crystal panel 11. By the diffusion sheet 4 and the prism sheet 5, the light is homogenized and the brightness is increased. The liquid crystal panel 11 performs display using the light.
In the illumination unit UT and the liquid crystal display device LD of the present embodiment, a shielding member 13 is disposed between the reflection sheet 3 that covers the back surface of the light guide plate 1 and the back surface cover 8. For this reason, the gaps 16A and 16B and the heat radiation holes 15 serving as a dust intrusion path to the display area 25 are shielded by the shielding member 13, and the display area 25 is isolated from the intrusion path. Therefore, the dust that has entered the gap 16A from the outside after the assembly of the device, the dust that has entered the gap 16A, 16B during the assembly process, and that is about to enter from the outside through the heat radiation hole 15 is blocked by the shielding member 13. Since the route to the display area 25 is blocked, the display area 25 cannot be entered. As described above, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the liquid crystal panel 11 and the light correction sheets 4 and 5 in the display area 25, thereby reducing luminance unevenness. In addition, it is possible to prevent the members of the display area 25 from being damaged by friction with dust. In addition, since it is not necessary to disassemble the device and remove dust, maintenance of the device after assembly becomes easy.
Further, in this configuration, since the shielding member 13 is made of a material having a large thermal conductivity, the heat inside the unit is transferred from the heat radiation hole 15 through the gap 16B which is a heat insulating layer filled with air as in the prior art. The heat dissipation is improved compared to the case where heat is radiated to the outside. Therefore, various problems caused by heat can be suppressed.
In the present embodiment, one reflection sheet 3 that continuously covers the reflector portion 20 and the back surface of the light guide plate 1 is used. As a modification of the present embodiment, for example, the reflector portion 20 is covered. The reflection sheet 3 having a configuration in which the portion and the portion covering the back surface of the light guide plate 1 are separated and are bonded together with an adhesive or the like may be used.
Moreover, although the case where the two fluorescent discharge tubes 2 are provided has been described in the present embodiment, the number of arrangements and the arrangement positions are not limited to this, such as using one fluorescent discharge tube 2. Further, a light source other than the fluorescent discharge tube may be used.
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the illumination unit UT according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding components.
The lighting unit UT of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but differs from the first embodiment in the following points. That is, although the flat shield member 13 is disposed in the first embodiment, a shield member 13 ′ having a box shape is disposed in the present embodiment, and the shield member 13 ′ is disposed in the shield member 13 ′. The lighting element 10 is accommodated. And the step part 9a is formed in the lower end of the internal peripheral surface of the frame member 9, and this step part 9a and shielding member 13 'are fitted. Even in this configuration, the same effect as that of the first embodiment described above can be obtained. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 of the first embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel of the first embodiment is arranged on the light emitting surface side of the illumination unit UT of the present embodiment as shown in FIG. A liquid crystal display device having the same effect as the device can be realized.
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an illumination unit UT according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding components.
The lighting unit UT of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but differs from the first embodiment in the following points. That is, in the first embodiment, the back cover 8 and the frame member 9 are provided separately, and the housing 30 that houses the lighting element 10 is formed by fitting the two together. In this embodiment, a housing 30 ′ having a structure in which the frame member 9 and the back cover 8 are integrally formed is provided. A flat shield plate 13 is fitted on the bottom surface of the housing 30 ′, and the lighting element 10 is disposed on the shield plate 13. As described above, in the present embodiment, the lighting element 10 is accommodated in the housing 30 ′, and the upper part, the side part, and the lower part of the element 10 are held.
In the configuration of the present embodiment, there is no gap 16A (FIG. 1) between the frame member 9 and the back cover 8 as in the case of the first embodiment, and as in the first embodiment, A gap 16 </ b> B between the bottom surface of the housing 30 ′ and the lighting element 10 and the heat radiation hole 15 are shielded by the shielding member 13. Therefore, similarly to the effect of the first embodiment described above, it is possible to obtain the dust intrusion prevention effect and the heat dissipation improvement effect. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 of the first embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel of the first embodiment is arranged on the light emitting surface side of the illumination unit UT of the present embodiment as shown in FIG. A liquid crystal display device having the same effect as the device can be realized.
As described above, according to the illumination unit and the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent dust from entering the display area of the liquid crystal display device, and to eliminate luminance unevenness due to dust intrusion, Damage to the components of the display area due to dust can be prevented. Moreover, since heat dissipation improves, it is possible to suppress various problems caused by heat generated during operation.
From the above description, many modifications and other embodiments of the present invention are obvious to one skilled in the art. Accordingly, the foregoing description should be construed as illustrative only and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the best mode of carrying out the invention. The details of the structure and / or function may be substantially changed without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the first to third embodiments, the case where the present invention is applied to an edge light type lighting unit has been described. However, the present invention can also be applied to other types of lighting units. .
[Possibility of industrial use]
The illumination unit and the liquid crystal display device using the illumination unit according to the present invention are useful as a thin liquid crystal display device and a lighting unit thereof that are used for AV, OA, communication equipment products, and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an illumination unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device in which the illumination unit of FIG. 1 is incorporated.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an illumination unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an illumination unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic development view illustrating the configuration of a reflection sheet used in the lighting unit.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a conventional illumination unit.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device in which the illumination unit of FIG. 6 is incorporated.

Claims (8)

光源と、前記光源が端面に配置され前記光源から出射した光を導光して光出射面から出射する導光板と、前記導光板の裏面及び端面と前記光源とを覆う反射部材とを含む照明エレメントと、前記照明エレメントを保持する筐体とを備えた照明ユニットにおいて、
前記筐体と前記照明エレメントの端面との間隙を遮蔽する遮蔽部材が、前記筐体と前記照明エレメントとの間に配設されたことを特徴とする照明ユニット。Illumination including a light source, a light guide plate that is disposed on an end surface of the light source, guides light emitted from the light source and emits the light from the light output surface, and a reflection member that covers the back and end surfaces of the light guide plate and the light source In an illumination unit comprising an element and a housing for holding the illumination element,
An illumination unit, wherein a shielding member that shields a gap between the housing and the end face of the illumination element is disposed between the housing and the illumination element. 前記筐体は、前記照明エレメントを光出射面側及び端面側から保持する枠部と、前記照明エレメントを裏面側から保持する裏面保持部とを有し、ユニット内部の熱をユニット外部へ放出するための放熱孔が前記裏面保持部に形成され、
前記遮蔽部材が、少なくとも前記照明エレメントの底面と前記筐体の底部との間に配設された請求の範囲第１項記載の照明ユニット。The housing includes a frame portion that holds the lighting element from the light emitting surface side and the end surface side, and a back surface holding portion that holds the lighting element from the back surface side, and releases heat inside the unit to the outside of the unit. A heat dissipation hole is formed in the back surface holding portion,
The lighting unit according to claim 1, wherein the shielding member is disposed at least between a bottom surface of the lighting element and a bottom portion of the housing. 前記筐体は、前記枠部を構成し前記照明エレメントの前記光出射面側に装着された枠部材と、前記裏面保持部を構成し前記枠部材と嵌合されて前記照明エレメントを収納する裏面保持部材とを有し、前記筐体の枠部材と前記裏面保持部材との間に形成され前記照明エレメントの前記光出射面に連通する間隙が前記遮蔽部材で遮蔽された請求の範囲第２項記載の照明ユニット。The housing constitutes the frame portion and is attached to the light emitting surface side of the illumination element, and the back surface constitutes the back surface holding portion and is fitted with the frame member to store the illumination element A holding member, and a gap formed between the frame member of the housing and the back surface holding member and communicating with the light emitting surface of the lighting element is shielded by the shielding member. The described lighting unit. 前記遮蔽部材は平板状であり、前記遮蔽部材の外周が前記筐体の前記枠部材の内周面と外周面との間に位置する請求の範囲第３項記載の照明ユニット。The lighting unit according to claim 3, wherein the shielding member has a flat plate shape, and an outer periphery of the shielding member is located between an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the frame member of the housing. 前記遮蔽部材は箱形形状を有し、前記遮蔽部材の外周が前記筐体の前記枠部材の内周面と外周面との間に位置する請求の範囲第３項記載の照明ユニット。The lighting unit according to claim 3, wherein the shielding member has a box shape, and an outer periphery of the shielding member is located between an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface of the frame member of the housing. 前記遮蔽部材が、空気よりも熱伝導度が高い材料から構成される請求の範囲第１項記載の照明ユニット。The lighting unit according to claim 1, wherein the shielding member is made of a material having a higher thermal conductivity than air. 請求の範囲第１項記載の照明ユニットと、前記照明ユニットの光出射面側に配設された液晶パネルとを備えたことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。A liquid crystal display device comprising: the illumination unit according to claim 1; and a liquid crystal panel disposed on a light emitting surface side of the illumination unit. 請求の範囲第６項記載の照明ユニットと、前記照明ユニットの光出射面側に配設された液晶パネルとを備えたことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。7. A liquid crystal display device comprising: the illumination unit according to claim 6; and a liquid crystal panel disposed on a light emitting surface side of the illumination unit.
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