JPS649262B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS649262B2 JPS649262B2 JP13445484A JP13445484A JPS649262B2 JP S649262 B2 JPS649262 B2 JP S649262B2 JP 13445484 A JP13445484 A JP 13445484A JP 13445484 A JP13445484 A JP 13445484A JP S649262 B2 JPS649262 B2 JP S649262B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- red mud
- slurry
- water
- curing
- firing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004849 alkoxymethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum oxychloride Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、赤泥焼結体に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a red mud sintered body.
赤泥の造粒は困難であり、通常乾燥赤泥粉に水
分を含有する赤泥ケークを混合したり、赤泥粉に
水を散布しながら造粒する方法がとられている。
しかしこの方法においては、赤泥を一旦乾燥する
必要があり、乾燥設備を費し、燃料を少なからず
用いるとともに、粉じんの発生が避け難いという
欠点がある。その他の方法としては、赤泥ケーク
を加圧下で脱水して水分を35％以下に下げ、ドラ
ム型造粒機、回転皿型造粒機等で造粒する方法が
とられている。そのほとんどが赤泥スラリーを脱
水あるいは乾燥した低含水率赤泥を利用したもの
である。 It is difficult to granulate red mud, and the methods usually used include mixing red mud cake containing water with dry red mud powder, or granulating red mud powder while sprinkling water on it.
However, this method has the disadvantage that it is necessary to dry the red mud once, which requires drying equipment, a considerable amount of fuel, and the generation of dust. Another method is to dehydrate the red mud cake under pressure to reduce the water content to 35% or less, and then granulate it with a drum-type granulator, rotating plate-type granulator, etc. Most of them use low water content red mud obtained by dehydrating or drying red mud slurry.
本発明は赤泥スラリーを過することなしに、
あるいは過後再スラリー化して赤泥を球状粒子
に造粒し、焼成することによる赤泥焼結体の製法
について研究し完成するに至つた。 The present invention does not waste red mud slurry,
Alternatively, they researched and completed a method of manufacturing red mud sintered bodies by re-slurrying the red mud, granulating it into spherical particles, and firing them.
本発明は赤泥スラリーとしてバイヤープロセス
から排出される赤泥スラリー、又過後再スラリ
ー化したものを用いた。赤泥スラリーに水容性高
分子を溶解させ、該水容性高分子と反応してこれ
を不溶化させることのできる硬化剤を硬化浴に溶
解させ、その硬化浴中に前記赤泥スラリーを液滴
として、ノズル、オリフイスあるいはその他の方
法で噴射あるいは滴下させることにより、均一な
大きさの球状粒子として造粒される。即ち硬化浴
中に噴射、滴下すると表面張力によりスラリー滴
は球状となり、水容性高分子と硬化剤との反応に
より、球の表面が極めて短時間に硬化することに
より、スラリーが球状に造粒されるとの知見に達
した。硬化した造粒品を洗滌し、乾燥しあるいは
乾燥せずに、強固で均一な球状の赤泥造粒品が得
られる。 In the present invention, red mud slurry discharged from the Bayer process, or red mud slurry that has been re-slurried after passing, is used as the red mud slurry. A water-soluble polymer is dissolved in a red mud slurry, a curing agent capable of reacting with the water-soluble polymer to make it insolubilized is dissolved in a curing bath, and the red mud slurry is dissolved in a curing bath. The particles are granulated into uniformly sized spherical particles by spraying or dropping them as droplets using a nozzle, orifice, or other method. In other words, when injected into a curing bath, the slurry droplets become spherical due to surface tension, and due to the reaction between the water-soluble polymer and the curing agent, the surface of the spheres hardens in an extremely short period of time, and the slurry is granulated into spherical shapes. We have come to the conclusion that this is the case. By washing and drying the hardened granules, or without drying, a strong and uniform spherical red mud granule can be obtained.
又造粒品の大きさは、噴射、滴下条件を変える
ことにより、任意の大きさにしかも非常に均一な
大きさにすることができる。 Further, the size of the granulated product can be made into any desired size and extremely uniform by changing the jetting and dropping conditions.
得られた赤泥造粒品をロータリーキルン、トン
ネルキルン等を用いて900〜1250℃で焼成するこ
とにより、赤泥焼結体が得られる。得られた赤泥
焼結体はセメントとの濡れが良好であり、物性も
天然砂利と比較して何ら遜色なく、しかもほぼ均
一な大きさで揃つた球状粒子の為、人工骨材とし
て極めて有用なものである。又使用目的に応じて
粒度の調節が容易にでき、砕解することなくセメ
ント、アスフアルトの配合骨材又舗装用アスフア
ルトのフイラー材などの広範囲の用途に供するこ
とができる。 A red mud sintered body is obtained by firing the obtained red mud granules at 900 to 1250°C using a rotary kiln, tunnel kiln, or the like. The obtained red mud sintered body has good wettability with cement, has physical properties comparable to natural gravel, and has spherical particles of almost uniform size, making it extremely useful as an artificial aggregate. It is something. In addition, the particle size can be easily adjusted according to the purpose of use, and it can be used in a wide range of applications, such as blended aggregate for cement and asphalt, and filler material for asphalt for paving, without being crushed.
以下に本発明方法について詳細に説明する。 The method of the present invention will be explained in detail below.
本発明において使用する赤泥はバイヤープロセ
スとして知られているアルミナ製造工程において
排出される廃棄物であり、アルミナ原鉱ボーキサ
イトをアルカリ溶液で加熱処理してアルミナ分を
溶出する際に、アルカリ不溶解残渣として、分離
排出される酸化鉄、アルミナ、ケイ酸分、アルカ
リ分などを含有し、赤褐色を呈する微粒泥であ
り、通常赤泥スラリーとして排出される。この赤
泥スラリーを過することなしに、あるいは過
後再スラリー化して用いた。水容性高分子として
アルギン酸ナトリウムを用い、赤泥スラリー中の
アルギン酸ナトリウムと反応してアルギン酸ナト
リウムを不溶化させることのできる硬化剤、例え
ば塩化カルシウムを溶解した硬化浴中に、アルギ
ン酸ナトリウム、を溶解させた赤泥スラリーを液
滴として、ノズル、オリフイス、遠心デイスク、
スプレー等により、噴射滴下させることにより、
赤泥スラリー滴は球状粒子として短時間に硬化し
赤泥造粒品が得られる。硬化剤として硫酸アルミ
ニウム、キトサン等を用いてもよい。 The red mud used in the present invention is a waste product discharged in the alumina production process known as the Bayer process, and when the alumina raw material bauxite is heat-treated with an alkaline solution to elute the alumina content, it is produced in alkali-insoluble form. The residue is reddish-brown fine mud containing iron oxide, alumina, silicic acid, alkali, etc., which are separated and discharged, and is usually discharged as red mud slurry. This red mud slurry was used without filtration or after being reslurried. Sodium alginate is used as a water-soluble polymer, and the sodium alginate is dissolved in a curing bath containing a curing agent, such as calcium chloride, which can react with the sodium alginate in the red mud slurry to insolubilize the sodium alginate. The red mud slurry is applied as droplets to the nozzle, orifice, centrifugal disk,
By spraying or dropping drops,
The red mud slurry droplets harden in a short time as spherical particles, and a red mud granulated product is obtained. Aluminum sulfate, chitosan, etc. may be used as a hardening agent.
あるいは水容性高分子としてポリビニルアルコ
ール、硬化剤としてホルマリン、塩酸等を用いて
もよい。 Alternatively, polyvinyl alcohol may be used as the water-soluble polymer, and formalin, hydrochloric acid, etc. may be used as the curing agent.
さらに、水容性高分子として、アルギン酸ナト
リウム、ポリビニルアルコール、リグニンスルホ
ン酸、可溶性コラーゲン、デキストリン、ポリア
クリル酸、アラビアゴム、アルボキシメチルセル
ロース、カゼイン、ニカワ、ゼラチンの１種乃至
２種以上を混合したものを用い、硬化剤として、
塩化カルシウム、硫酸アルミニウム、キトサン、
ホルマリン、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、塩酸、オキ
シ塩化アルミニウム、ニカワ、ゼラチン、塩基性
乳酸アルミニウムの１種乃至２種以上を混合した
ものを用いることができる。 Further, as a water-soluble polymer, one or more of sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, lignin sulfonic acid, soluble collagen, dextrin, polyacrylic acid, gum arabic, alkoxymethyl cellulose, casein, glue, and gelatin were mixed. As a hardening agent,
Calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate, chitosan,
One or a mixture of two or more of formalin, polyaluminum chloride, hydrochloric acid, aluminum oxychloride, glue, gelatin, and basic aluminum lactate can be used.
硬化浴での浸漬時間は短時間で、強固な造粒品
を得ることができ、硬化浴中より、スクリーン等
を用いて分離する。分離後、水、塩酸あるいは硫
酸で洗滌し、操業条件に応じて乾燥を行ないある
いは乾燥を行なわない。洗滌することより脱ソー
ダ化された、しかもより強固な赤泥造粒品を得る
ことができる。造粒品の大きさはノズルの径や遠
心デイスクの回転数あるいはスラリーの粘度を調
節することにより0.05〜10mmの範囲で、任意の大
きさにしかも均一な大きさに調節することができ
る。 The immersion time in the curing bath is short, and a strong granulated product can be obtained, which is separated from the curing bath using a screen or the like. After separation, it is washed with water, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, and dried or not dried depending on the operating conditions. By washing, it is possible to obtain a granulated red mud product that has been desodated and is stronger. The size of the granulated product can be adjusted to any desired size and to a uniform size within the range of 0.05 to 10 mm by adjusting the diameter of the nozzle, the rotation speed of the centrifugal disk, or the viscosity of the slurry.
得られた赤泥造粒品をロータリーキルン、トン
ネルキルン、シヤツトルキルン等で900〜1250℃
で焼成することにより、均一な大きさの球状赤泥
焼結体を得ることができる。焼成炉としてはこの
中でもトンネルキルンが望ましい。 The obtained red mud granules are heated at 900 to 1250℃ in a rotary kiln, tunnel kiln, shuttle kiln, etc.
By firing with , it is possible to obtain spherical red mud sintered bodies of uniform size. Among these, a tunnel kiln is preferable as the firing furnace.
赤泥は200℃付近から結合水が解離し始め、減
量していく。解離は300〜400℃で急激に進行し、
1000℃で大部分の結合水が放出される。1000〜
1200℃において赤泥の結合水は完全に消失し、
1250℃付近から赤泥の溶融が始まることが観察さ
れた。本発明方法の焼成温度900〜1250℃が好適
であり、焼成時間としては数十分〜数時間が望ま
しい。900℃以下の温度では焼結体はもろく1280
℃以上においては溶融し変色した。 The bound water in red mud begins to dissociate around 200℃, and its weight begins to decrease. Dissociation progresses rapidly at 300-400℃,
Most of the bound water is released at 1000°C. 1000〜
At 1200℃, the bound water in red mud completely disappears,
It was observed that the red mud began to melt at around 1250℃. The firing temperature of the method of the present invention is preferably 900 to 1250°C, and the firing time is preferably several tens of minutes to several hours. At temperatures below 900℃, the sintered body becomes brittle.1280
At temperatures above ℃, it melted and changed color.
次に本発明の実施例について説明する。 Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
実施例 １
バイヤープロセスから得られた赤泥スラリー
に、固形赤泥１に対して4wt％のアルギン酸ナト
リウムを添加し、混合した後、このスラリーを４
mmφのノズルより5wt％塩化カルシウム水溶液に
滴下した。硬化浴に５分間浸漬し、スクリーンを
用いて分離し、水洗後100℃で乾燥させることに
より、2.5〜2.7mmの均一な大きさの赤泥造粒品を
得た。この赤泥造粒品をマツフル炉を用いて、
1200℃で２時間焼成することにより圧壊強度75Kg
程度の高強度の赤泥焼結体を得ることができた。Example 1 To the red mud slurry obtained from the Bayer process, 4 wt% of sodium alginate was added to 1 part of the solid red mud, and after mixing, this slurry was
It was dropped into a 5wt% calcium chloride aqueous solution through a mmφ nozzle. The product was immersed in a hardening bath for 5 minutes, separated using a screen, washed with water, and dried at 100°C to obtain a granulated red mud product with a uniform size of 2.5 to 2.7 mm. This red mud granulated product is processed using a Matsufuru furnace.
Compressive strength 75Kg by firing at 1200℃ for 2 hours
We were able to obtain a red mud sintered body with moderately high strength.
実施例 ２
バイヤープロセスから得られた赤泥スラリー
に、固形赤泥１に対して3wt％のアルギン酸ナト
リウムを添加し、混合した後、このスラリーを遠
心デイスクを用いて、硫酸アルミニウム水溶液
（8.0wt％ Al2O3）に噴射した。硬化浴に５分間
浸漬し、スクリーンを用いて分離し、水洗後100
℃で乾燥させることにより、0.2〜0.5mmの均一な
赤泥造粒品を得た。この赤泥造粒品をマツフル炉
を用いて1200℃で２時間焼成することにより圧壊
強度90Kg程度の高強度の赤泥焼結体を得ることが
できた。Example 2 To the red mud slurry obtained from the Bayer process, 3 wt% of sodium alginate was added to 1 part of the solid red mud, and after mixing, the slurry was mixed with an aluminum sulfate aqueous solution (8.0 wt%) using a centrifugal disk. Al 2 O 3 ). Immerse in a curing bath for 5 minutes, separate using a screen, and after washing with water
By drying at ℃, uniform red mud granules with a size of 0.2 to 0.5 mm were obtained. By firing this red mud granulation product at 1200°C for 2 hours using a Matsufuru furnace, a high-strength red mud sintered body with a crushing strength of about 90 kg could be obtained.
Claims (1)
水溶性高分子と反応してこれを不溶化させること
のできる硬化剤を硬化浴に溶解させ、その硬化浴
中に前記赤泥スラリーを液滴として噴射あるいは
滴下して球状粒子に造粒し、該球状粒子を硬化浴
から分離し、これを洗滌し、さらに900〜1250℃
にて焼成することを特徴とする赤泥焼結体の製造
方法。1 Dissolve a water-soluble polymer in a red mud slurry, dissolve a curing agent capable of reacting with the water-soluble polymer and make it insolubilized in a curing bath, and drop the red mud slurry into the curing bath. The spherical particles are separated from the curing bath, washed, and further heated at 900 to 1250°C.
A method for producing a red mud sintered body, the method comprising firing the red mud sintered body in a .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59134454A JPS6114159A (en) | 1984-06-29 | 1984-06-29 | Manufacture of red mud sintered body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59134454A JPS6114159A (en) | 1984-06-29 | 1984-06-29 | Manufacture of red mud sintered body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6114159A JPS6114159A (en) | 1986-01-22 |
| JPS649262B2 true JPS649262B2 (en) | 1989-02-16 |
Family
ID=15128717
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59134454A Granted JPS6114159A (en) | 1984-06-29 | 1984-06-29 | Manufacture of red mud sintered body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6114159A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01314650A (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1989-12-19 | Mitsuba Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Adjusting device for pressing force of wiper |
| DE4029343A1 (en) * | 1990-09-15 | 1992-03-19 | Swf Auto Electric Gmbh | WIPER ARMS, ESPECIALLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
| FR2692211B1 (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1998-04-24 | Journee Paul Sa | WIPER DEVICE COMPRISING MEANS FOR VARYING THE WIPING PRESSURE. |
| BR102013011886A2 (en) * | 2013-04-30 | 2015-10-20 | Fundação Educacional De Criciuma | process for producing fine cement aggregate from red mud resulting from the bauxite beneficiation process (bayer process) |
-
1984
- 1984-06-29 JP JP59134454A patent/JPS6114159A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6114159A (en) | 1986-01-22 |
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