JPS648728B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a magnetic spinning pack apparatus. The object thereof is to provide a spinning device for controlling the molecular orientation of the spun yarn by influencing the molecular orientation of the spun yarn using a magnetic field.

Traditionally, in order to produce man-made fibers, a method has been used in which an undrawn yarn with little molecular orientation is obtained in a spinning process, and then the undrawn yarn is stretched and heat treated to orient and crystallize it. ing.

In recent years, a method has been developed in which the spinning speed is set to a relatively high speed of 3,000 to 4,000 m/min to produce partially oriented yarn (POY) with relatively high orientation, and then slight stretching and false twisting are performed simultaneously (POY-DTY). processing methods) are beginning to be commercialized.

Furthermore, recently, ultrahigh-speed spinning with a winding speed of 5000 m/min or more has been studied in an attempt to obtain highly oriented yarn in one step that does not require drawing treatment in the post-process.

However, although the overall molecular orientation of the fiber obtained by these high-speed spinning and ultra-high-speed spinning methods reaches a considerable level, the molecular disorder in the amorphous portion is
It has become clear that the fibers tend to be larger than the fibers obtained by drawing conventional undrawn yarns.

On the other hand, the undrawn yarn obtained by the normal melt spinning method is subjected to so-called zone drawing method in which rapid heating and cooling are repeated while applying a large tension, followed by zone heat treatment in which heat treatment is performed while applying a large tension. A method for producing high-modulus, high-strength fibers consisting of extended chain crystal structures of polymers is described in Journal of the Japan Institute of Fiber Science and Technology, Vol. 38, No. 6, p. 257 (1982).

However, in this method, heating and cooling must be repeated, and it cannot be said that it is an energy-efficient method of spinning yarn.

Moreover, the physical properties of such zone-drawn and zone-heat-treated fibers are also limited in that they are influenced by the orientation state of the undrawn yarn at the initial spinning stage.

Controlling the molecular orientation of spun yarn in this way has become an extremely important technology.

On the other hand, the following has been known as a technique for controlling the orientation of molecules by applying a strong magnetic field.

First, it is known that when a certain type of polymer is in a suitable solvent and the solution viscosity is in the low viscosity range of several poise to several tens of poise, the polymer will orient in a certain direction when a magnetic field is applied. . (For example, Journal of the Japan Institute of Textile Technology, Vol. 15, No. 11, p. 337 (1979)). According to the description in this document, the solution of polymers to be oriented is in a static state in a constant magnetic field, and the orientation of the polymers is observed only after being exposed to the magnetic field for a long time (for example, several minutes or more). It's just that. Further, the strength of the magnetic field described in the above-mentioned document is from several kilogauss to only 25 to 35 kilogauss at most. Furthermore, it has been reported in the Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Letters Edition (J.Polymer Sci., Polymer Letters
Edition) Vol. 13, p. 243 (1975).

Furthermore, it is possible to orient polymers exhibiting nematic liquid crystals by applying a magnetic field with a strength of 15 kilogauss or less for several minutes or more in a medium-low viscosity range of several hundred poise or less at high temperatures. Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Physics Edition (J.Polymer
Sci., Polymer Physics Edition) Volume 20, No. 975
(1982).

However, the examples described in these documents all involve controlling the orientation of monomers or polymers by applying a magnetic field for several minutes or more to a medium-low viscosity state that is held static. However, it is far from the equipment and conditions for actually molding polymers into threads, and it is difficult to say that it is practical.

As a result of repeated studies on applying a magnetic field during the spinning process of artificial fibers, the present inventors applied a strong magnetic field to the highly viscous polymer stream just before spinning for a short period of time, within a few minutes. We have succeeded in developing a device that controls the molecular orientation of yarn, and have arrived at the present invention.

That is, the present invention is a spinning pack device characterized in that a magnetic field generating device is provided in the spinning pack portion to apply a magnetic field in a direction substantially parallel to the flow direction of the polymer flow.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show several embodiments of the spinning pack device of the present invention used during melt spinning, and the pack section 1 of the spinning pack device includes:
Spinneret 2, rectifying plate 3, filters 4, 4',
It is composed of material 5. The polymer flow introduced from the polymer flow introduction hole 7 opened at the upper part of the pack body 6 passes through the filters 4, 4' and the material 5, and then is rectified by the rectifying plate 3, and is passed through the spinneret 2.
It is discharged from the pipe and becomes thread.

In FIG. 1, a magnetic field generator 8 is provided over the entire outer periphery of the pack body 6 corresponding to the pack section 1 , so as to apply a magnetic field substantially parallel to the flow direction of the molten polymer flow within the pack. The magnetic field generator 8 is preferably provided over the entire pack section 1 in order to apply a magnetic field to the molten polymer flow within the pack for as long as possible, but it can also be provided in a portion of the pack section 1 . In particular, it is effective to apply a magnetic field after the molten polymer passes through the filters 4, 4' and the material 5 until it is discharged from the spinneret 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, it is effective to apply a magnetic field. It is effective to provide the magnetic field generator 8 only at the position corresponding to 3. Furthermore, if the distance between the position where the magnetic field generator 8 is provided and the spinneret 2 is too large, the polymer flow, whose molecular orientation has been suppressed by the action of the magnetic field, will be disturbed by the time it is discharged from the spinneret 2. It is desirable to keep the distance between the two as small as possible.
Normally, the distance between the two should be 10cm or less.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a magnetic field generating device 8 is provided in the entire area of the pack section 1 , and is also provided beyond the pack section 1 after the spinneret 2 to apply a magnetic field to the yarn discharged from the spinneret 2. can be made to work.

In the above embodiments, the magnetic field generator 8
Although an example has been shown in which the magnetic field generator 8 is provided on the outer periphery of the pack body 6, it is not necessarily necessary to provide the magnetic field generator 8 on the outer periphery of the pack body 6. As shown in FIG. It may also be provided on the inner periphery of the main body 6. In this way, when the magnetic field generator 8 is provided on the inner circumference of the pack body 6 and brought into contact with the polymer flow, the heat generated from the magnetic field generator 8 can be directly used to maintain the melting of the polymer flow. , which is extremely effective in terms of energy conservation.

The apparatus of the present invention can also be applied to dry spinning or wet spinning in the same manner as in the case of melt spinning described above. In these cases as well, the position of the magnetic field generator is the same as in the case of melt spinning.

As the magnet of the magnetic field generator used in the present invention, any conventionally known magnet can be used, but hollow solenoid type magnets are particularly preferred. In this case, from the viewpoint of effectively applying the generated magnetic field, it is preferable that the magnetic field generator be provided on the inner periphery of the pack body, and that the polymer flow be caused to flow through the hollow part of the solenoid.

An example of a magnetic field generating device used in the device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 11 is a hollow cylindrical solenoid storage container, 12 is a coil portion of the solenoid, 13 is a coil support base, 14 is a medium for heating or cooling the coil portion, and 15 is a polymer flow path.

The coil storage container 11 and the coil support stand 13 are
It is preferable to use a non-magnetic material so that the magnetic field generated by the solenoid can effectively act on the polymer flow. Examples of such materials include yellow steel, aluminum, and SUS-304-L. The material of the coil wire of the coil portion 12 of the solenoid is preferably one with low electrical resistance, and copper wire or the like is used as an inexpensive material. The cooling or heating medium 14 can be appropriately selected based on the spinning temperature and the calorific value of the solenoid coil, and a heating heater can be installed in or around the magnetic field generator instead of the heating medium. It's okay. In this way, the cooling or heating medium is used to control the temperature of the magnetic field generator to the spinning temperature, and as long as the specified temperature is achieved, other methods may be used, or it may be omitted if unnecessary. good.

In addition, the area immediately after the polymer flow path 15 should be 10 cm or less in order to effectively apply a magnetic field to the polymer flow.
Particularly preferred is 5 cm or less.

Such a magnetic field generator is arranged such that its highest magnetic field vector is approximately parallel to the direction of flow of the polymer stream. Here, "substantially parallel" means that the angle between the highest magnetic field vector and the flow direction of the polymer flow is less than 30 degrees, and preferably 20 degrees or less. Also, the direction of the magnetic field is
It may be in the same direction as the flow direction of the polymer flow, or may be in the opposite direction. Further, the magnetic field may be a direct current magnetic field or an alternating magnetic field in which the direction of the magnetic field changes over time. These can be arbitrarily selected and used depending on the purpose.

FIG. 6 shows various aspects of the magnet section in the magnetic field generator in the apparatus of the present invention.

First, the mutual relationship between the flow direction of the polymer liquid flow (indicated by the solid line arrow in the figure) and the vector direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnet in the magnetic field generator (indicated by the dotted line arrow in the figure) is as shown in a. They may be in the same direction, they may be in opposite directions as in b, and they may be tilted at an arbitrary angle of less than 30 degrees as in c. All of these fall within the scope of ``applying a magnetic field approximately parallel to the flow direction of the polymer melt flow''. Further, the shape of the support base 13 of the magnet coil 12 can be arbitrarily changed as required. For example, a cylindrical shape as shown in a, b, and c, a part of the cylindrical part expanding in a tapered shape as in d, an irregular waveform as in e, and a staircase as in f. It can take various shapes, such as a shape of a shape. On the other hand, the coil part of the magnet is divided into a plurality of coil parts 12 and 12' as shown in g.
It is also possible to partially change the amount of winding of the coil. It is also possible to gradually increase or decrease the strength of the magnetic field thus generated in the flow direction of the polymer melt, or to partially increase or decrease the strength. In addition, the direction of the generated magnetic field can be partially reversed by dividing the coil parts into a plurality of coil parts 12, 12', 12'', and 12 as shown in h, so that the direction of the current flowing through each part is partially reversed. Of course, it is also possible to use these magnetic field generating magnet sections in various combinations.

Next, the strength of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator will be specifically explained. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the strength of the magnetic field generated by the solenoid type magnet and time. The strength of the magnetic field in the polymer flow path of the magnetic field generator may be always constant as shown in FIG. 7a, or the strength of the magnetic field may vary over time as shown in FIG. 7b. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field may vary stepwise as shown in c. Alternatively, it may be a direct current magnetic field with the direction of the magnetic field set in a constant direction as shown in Fig. 7 a, b, and c, or conversely, as shown in Fig. 7 d.
It is also possible to use an alternating magnetic field in which the direction of the magnetic field changes, as shown in FIG. These are arbitrarily selected and used depending on the purpose of controlling the molecular orientation of the spun yarn.

In the magnetic field generator in the apparatus of the present invention, the maximum strength of the magnetic field applied to the polymer stream is desirably 1 kilogauss or more, preferably 3 kilogauss or more, and more preferably 10 kilogauss or more.
The strength of the magnetic field applied to the polymer melt should be greater when applied to melt spinning than in dry spinning or wet spinning, where melting is used and the viscosity of the polymer solution is relatively low. preferable. but. The optimal value of the magnetic field strength varies depending on the type of polymer to be spun, the type of solvent used, the spinning temperature, etc., and also depends on how you want to control the molecular orientation of the spun yarn. come.

The spinning pack device of the present invention may be applied to a normal spinning method in which the yarn discharged from a spinneret is run in the direction of gravity, that is, from top to bottom, or vice versa. The present invention may also be applied to a spinning method in which the yarn discharged from a spinning pack device provided in the spinning pack is taken upward. Furthermore, it may be applied to a spinning method in which the yarn discharged from the spinneret is moved horizontally and taken up.

The spinning pack device of the present invention can also be applied to conjugate spinning, mixed spinning, etc. It is also applicable to melt blow spinning and jet spinning, which are forms of melt spinning. Furthermore, it is also applicable to flash spinning in dry spinning. It can also be applied to spinning yarns with irregular cross sections, hollow cross sections, etc.

In the spinning pack apparatus of the present invention, it is also possible to use other energy adding devices in combination with the magnetic field generating device. For example, an electric field generator can be used as another energy adding means and used in combination before, after, or at the same position as the magnetic field generator of the present invention to more reliably and effectively control the molecular orientation of the polymer melt. It is also possible to apply an energy adding device and/or a fiber processing device to the yarn discharged from the spinning pack device of the present invention. For example, by applying a magnetic field generator and/or an electric field generator to the discharged yarn, the molecular orientation of the spun yarn can be more reliably and effectively effected. Further, it is also possible to form fibers by combining various fiber processing means such as an interlace processing nozzle and a crimping device with the discharged yarn.

As explained above, the spin pack device of the present invention is equipped with a magnetic field generator that applies a magnetic field approximately parallel to the flow direction of the polymer flow before the polymer is discharged from the spinneret surface. By controlling the molecular orientation of the polymer stream before being discharged, it is possible to control the molecular orientation of the spun yarn very easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 are longitudinal sections showing embodiments of the spinning pack device of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section showing an example of a magnetic field generating device used in the spinning pack device of the present invention, and FIG. 7 are cross-sectional views showing various embodiments of the magnet section of the magnetic field generator used in the spinning pack apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 7 shows the relationship between magnetic field strength and time in the magnetic field generator used in the spinning pack apparatus of the present invention. It is a graph showing a relationship. 1 ...Pack part, 8...Magnetic field generator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A spinning pack device, characterized in that a magnetic field generator is provided in the spinning pack portion to apply a magnetic field in a direction substantially parallel to the flow direction of a polymer flow. 2. The spinning pack device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generating device is of a solenoid type. 3. The spinning pack device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generator generates a DC magnetic field. 4. The spinning pack device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generator generates an alternating magnetic field. 5. The spinning pack device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generator has a maximum magnetic field strength of 1 kilogauss or more.