JPS646580B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a loop transmission system for transmitting data between a plurality of devices via a loop-shaped transmission line.

[Background of the invention]

In a transmission system using a conventional loop transmission path, one of the transmission control devices is used to determine the timing of data transmission and reception in each of the plurality of transmission control devices connected to the loop, and to take measures against partial loop failures. One transmission control device is used as a master transmission control device, and the other transmission control device is used as a slave transmission control device, and the former grasps the transmission status of the entire loop, thereby determining the above-mentioned transmission/reception timing and taking measures against loop failures. Ta. Therefore, there is a problem that the master transmission control device becomes a large-sized device, and if the master transmission control device breaks down, transmission becomes completely impossible.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate such problems and provide a highly flexible loop transmission system structure that can cope with transmission path failures and expansions without using a master transmission control device.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a loop transmission system in which information is transmitted between devices via first and second loop-shaped transmission paths that transmit information in opposite directions. The device (A) transmits and transmits messages on the first loop-shaped transmission path;
(B ) Message transmission on the second loop-shaped transmission path
a second interface means for receiving and relaying a message sent from an adjacent second device via a second loop transmission path to an adjacent first device; A message is transmitted via the first interface means to the adjacent second via the first loop transmission path.
After sending the message to the second device, the second interface unit monitors the message received from the adjacent second device via the second loop-shaped transmission path, and sends the message to the first loop-shaped transmission path. It is characterized in that it is determined whether or not there is a failure in the included path, and when it is determined that there is a failure, the message from the first loop-shaped transmission path is controlled to be detoured to the second loop-shaped transmission path.

[Embodiments of the invention]

The present invention will be explained below based on Examples.

The loop transmission system shown in FIG. 1 has a loop 1 that transmits data in a counterclockwise direction and a loop 2 that transmits data in a clockwise direction. are connected, and loop 2 includes these devices 11, 12, 1
Transmission control devices 21, 22, 2 paired with each of 3.
3 is connected. Each pair of devices 11 and 21,1
2 and 22, 13 and 23 are detour transmission lines 100, 200, and 30, respectively, which can transmit data in both directions.
0, and the transmitting/receiving terminal 31,
32 and 33 by lines 311 to 313 and 321 to 323, respectively, which are capable of bidirectionally transmitting data. The transmitting/receiving terminals 31, 32, 33 are
When only devices 11, 12, 13 and loop 1 and devices 21 to 23 and loop 2 are normal,
These devices 11 to 13 and loop 1 and devices 21 to 23 and loop 2 are used to mutually exchange data. If there is a failure in these devices or loops, e.g. devices 11-13, loop 1
If there is a failure in any of these terminals 31~
33 indicates the devices 11 to 13, the normal partial devices 21 to 23 of the loop 1, the detour transmission lines 100, 200,
If there is a failure in any of the devices 21 to 23 or loop 2, which mutually exchange data using 300 and loop 2, data is exchanged in the same way.

Therefore, the transmission control devices 11, 12, 13
During normal operation, the function transmits data on loop 1 and receives data on loop 1, and when there is an abnormality in the transmission system of loop 1, it transmits data on detour routes 100, 200, and 300, respectively. It is also configured to have a function of receiving data on this detour route. Device 21
-23 are constructed in exactly the same way.

FIG. 2 shows the internal circuit blocks of the transmission control device 11. Other transmission control devices also have exactly the same structure. The device 11 includes an interface 51 for exchanging data with the loop 1, an interface 61 for exchanging data with the detour transmission line 100 and the line 311, and messages received via these interfaces 51 and 61, respectively. first and second receiving buffers 71 and 73 for storing
1 and 61, and a processing device 41 for controlling the transmission and reception of these messages.
and timers 90 to 92 and register 93
~95. Portions of the transmission control device 11 other than the interfaces 51 and 61 are realized by a microcomputer.

FIG. 3 is a detailed block diagram of the interface 51, and FIG. 4 shows a portion of the interface 61 connected to the detour transmission line 100. The configuration of the portion of the interface 61 connected to the line 311 is not shown because it is exactly the same as that in FIG. 4. In Figure 4, the reference symbols shown in Figure 3 with a prime (') attached are:
It is exactly the same as the one in Figure 3. The portions of interface 61 that are connected to line 311 will be referred to as appropriate by adding a double prime ('') to the reference numeral of the corresponding portion in FIG.

The circuit of FIG. 4 differs from the circuit of FIG. 3 only in that it does not include gates 61-64 and register 65.

Hereinafter, this device 11 will be described using FIGS. 2 to 4.
Explain the operation.

If there is no abnormality in the transmission system of loop 1,
As will be described later, "0" is set in registers 93-95. At this time, the device 11 transmits the data from the terminal 31 to other terminals as follows.
For example, it is transmitted to the terminal 33.

The data to be transmitted is transmitted in the form of a message as shown in FIG. That is, message 500
is a flag area F501 indicating that it is the start part of a message, and a reception address area RA5 which is data for specifying the transmission control device that should receive the message.
02 and the sending address area SA, which is data for displaying the transmission control device that sends the message.
503, a data area D504 to be transmitted,
Data area for message error detection FCS505
and a flag area F506 indicating that this is the end of the message.

First, a message to be transmitted is received by the processing device 41 from the terminal 31 via the interface 61, and stored in the transmission buffer 81 under the control of the processing device 41.

This message is stored in the transmission buffer 81 together with data indicating the number of times the message has been transmitted. For messages that have been input from terminal 31 and have not yet been sent, as is the case now,
This number of transmissions is "0".

At the time determined by itself, the processing device 41
A search is made to see if there is a message to be sent in the first and second receiving buffers 71, 73 and sending buffer 81. In this case, when it is detected that there is a message to be transmitted in the transmission buffer 81, the processing device 4
1 sets "1" in the register 65 in the interface 51 via the line 65A to indicate that the transmission is in progress, and the interface 51
The first eight bits of the message to be sent are input to the register 59 in the memory via line 59A, and the counter 60 is reset via line 60A.

The 8-bit data in register 59 is output serially in response to a clock from clock generator CLK58. AND gate 62 is in an open state because the output of register 65 is "1". Therefore, the output of register 59 is sent to transmitter 53 via AND gate 62 and OR gate 64, and output to loop 1. At this time, there is no other input to OR gate 64. This is because the AND gate 63 is in a closed state due to the output "0" of the inverter 61. Counter 60 is CLK
It is a 3-bit counter that counts 58 outputs, and when counting 8-bit clocks,
Outputs an overflow signal on line 60B. In response to this overflow signal, the processing device 41
The next 8 bits of the message to be sent in the transmission buffer 81 are sent to the register 59. By repeating this operation, a message of a predetermined length can be sent to loop 1. In this way, when the transmission of the message to be transmitted in the transmission buffer 81 is completed, the transmission circuit data of the message is set to "1", and the register 65 is set to "0". The processing device 41 also includes a timer 9
Set to 0. The set time of the timer 90 is
It is set to a value somewhat larger than the time required for a message to make one round on loop 1.

When the message sent from this device 11 reaches the receiver 52 of the device 12, the synchronization signal detector 5
4 detects the bit sequence of this received message and outputs a synchronization signal synchronized with each bit of this bit sequence. Data received by the receiver 52 is stored in an 8-bit register 56 in synchronization with this synchronization signal. The counter 55 is
It is a 3-bit counter, and when it counts eight synchronizing signals, it outputs an overflow signal on line 55A. Processor 41 within device 12 stores the message in register 56 in first receive buffer 71 in response to this overflow signal.

If the device 12 is not transmitting a message at this time, "0" is stored in the register 65. Therefore, since the AND gate 63 is in the open state, the received message is sent as is to the transmitter 53 via the AND gate 63 and the OR gate 64, and then transferred onto the loop 1 again.

Upon receiving this message, the processing device 41 decodes the sending address in the received message to determine whether or not it is its own address. If it is detected that the address is not its own address, it continues to capture data in units of 8 bits as described above. This received message has already been transferred onto loop 1, so
The processing device 41 again sends this message to loop 1.
There is no need to transfer to. In order to indicate that this transfer is unnecessary, the contents of register 65 are fetched from line 65B and stored in the first reception buffer as data accompanying the received message. If the processing device 41 detects that this transmission address is its own address, the processing device 41 sends the message via the line 65A.
The register 65 is immediately set to "0", the transfer of the remaining part of the message from the receiver 52 to the transmitter 53 is stopped, and this remaining part is stored in the first receiving buffer 71. When the processor 41 learns by decoding the flag area 506 (FIG. 5) in the message that the entire message has been received, it sets the register 65 to "0" again.

If device 12 is sending a message,
The register 65 is set to "1". Therefore, the message received by the receiver 52 is stored in the first receiving buffer 71 without being sent to the transmitter 53.

If the sending address of the received message is not its own, the message must be forwarded to loop 1 again. To indicate this necessity, the content of register 65 is “1”.
is stored in the first receiving buffer 71.

The device 12 that has received the message decodes whether the receiving address of the message in the first receiving buffer is its own. If the message is one's own, the message is sent to the terminal 32 and deleted. On the other hand, as in the current example, if the receiving address of this message is not the own's, the bit associated with this message indicating whether transmission is necessary or not is “1”, and the message is sent to loop 1 again. After transmitting the message at the predetermined transmission time, the message is deleted from the first reception buffer 71. If this bit is "0", this message is deleted without being received. When the message sent out on this loop 1 reaches the interface 51 of the device 13, it is stored in the first receiving buffer 71 in the terminal 13 and the receiving address is stored in the same way as described above regarding the device 12. When the processing device 41 determines that the message is to be sent to the terminal 33 as in the present example, the message in the first receiving buffer 71 is sent to the terminal 33 and the loop 1 at the sending time determined by the processing device 41. The data is sent to the interfaces 61 and 51, respectively. In this way, data is transmitted from terminal 11 to terminal 33, and this message is transferred onto loop 1. A message sent from device 13 to loop 1 is transmitted through loop 1 and reaches device 11.
The device 11 sends this message to the interface 5.
1 and stored in the first receiving buffer 71. In the device 11, this reception buffer 7
It is detected that the sending address in the message in the first loop 1 specifies the self, and the message in the first receiving buffer and the original message in the sending buffer 81 are erased and are not transferred to the loop 1. . Processing device 41 resets timer 90.

If for some reason the message is not returned to device 11, timer 90 times up. In response to the time-up signal from the timer 90, the processing device 41 transmits the previously transmitted message stored in the transmission buffer 81 to the loop 1 again. Each time this message is retransmitted, the number of transmission data in the transmission buffer 81 that accompanies this message is counted up. This retransmission is repeated a predetermined number of times unless the message sent by the device 11 is received by the device 11 within a predetermined cycle time.

Even if the device 11 repeatedly transmits the same message a predetermined number of times, the message has gone through loop 1 and has not been returned to the device 11. If the number of transmission data in the transmission buffer 81 exceeds a predetermined value, If this is detected, the processing device 41 determines that there is a loop abnormality and starts processing for forming a detour. This process will be explained using FIG. 6. In FIG. 6, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same things. In FIG. 6, transmission control devices 14, 15, 16 and 2 are added to the system of FIG.
4, 25, 26 and detour transmission lines 400, 50
0,600 is added. The configuration of these added devices is the same as the device in FIG. In addition, in FIG. 6, the transmission control devices 11 and 21,
12 and 22, 13 and 23, 14 and 24, 15 and 2
The transmitting and receiving terminals connected to 5, 16 and 26, respectively, are not shown for the sake of simplicity.

In the device 11 that detected an abnormality in the loop transmission system,
The processing device 41 sets "1" in the register 93 indicating that it has received a transmission permission check request, and then sends a transmission permission check command, a reception address specifying the adjacent transmission control device 12 on loop 1, and the device 11. , and a sending address consisting of its own address, on loop 1. At the same time, a receiving address specifying the device 21 and a check request command for whether or not transmission is possible;
A second message including a sending address having its own address is sent onto the detour transmission line 100. Furthermore, a timer 91 is set. The set time of the timer 91 is set by the devices 11, 12, 22,
The time required for a message to make one round on the small loop 201 including 21 is made somewhat longer.

The device 12 specified by this first message receives this first message in the first receiving buffer 71, and the processing device 41 detects that the received address is its own address, and Decoding commands and sending addresses in messages. As a result of decoding, the processing device 41 in the device 12 learns that this command is a check command to check whether transmission is possible and that the sending address is not its own. A message consisting of a command and a sending address is sent onto the detour transmission line 200. When the device 22 detects that a signal is input to the interface 61 from the line 200, in response to this detection result, the processing device 41 changes the signal from the line 200 to the interface 61.
The above message is taken into the second receiving buffer 73. It detects that the receiving address in this captured message is its own address, the command in this message is a request to check whether transmission is possible, and it detects that the sending address is not its own, and sends this message. After changing the reception address of , to an address specifying device 21, the message is sent onto loop 2. When this message passes through the loop 2 and reaches the device 21, the device 21 sends the message via the interface 51.
This message is stored in the first receiving buffer 71. The processing device 41 detects that the receiving address in this message is its own, that the command in this message is a command requesting to check whether transmission is possible, and that the sending address is not its own, This message is sent to the detour line 10 via the interface 61.
Send to 0. When the device 11 detects that a message has been input via this line 100, it takes this message into the first receiving buffer 71, detects that the receiving address in this message is its own, and sends the message. The device 11 decodes the command and sending address in the received message and finds that the sending address is its own.
It is known that the small loop 201 connecting 12, 22, and 11 is normal. Thereafter, the timer 91 is reset and the register 94 is set to "1" to indicate that the transmission is being checked. The bit in register 95 remains at "0" to indicate that loop 1 is available.

On the other hand, when the device 21 receives the second message sent on the line 100 from the device 11, the processing device 41 stores the second message in the second reception buffer 73, and then When it detects that the received address in this message is its own, it decodes the command and sending address in this message. As a result of deciphering,
Knowing that this code requests a check to see if transmission is possible, and that it is a message sent from the device 11 that is paired with the device 21 on a loop different from the loop 2 to which the device 21 is connected, the processing device 4
1 sets "1" in the register 93 to indicate that a transmission check request has been received, and then sends a sending address indicating itself, a receiving address indicating the device 26, and a command indicating a transmission check request. A message containing the following is sent onto loop 2. Furthermore, a timer 91 is set. The set time of this timer is
The time is set to be somewhat longer than the time it takes for the message to make one round on the small loop 106 connecting the nodes 11 and 11. Device 2
6, 16, 11, the devices 12, 22,
When the same processing as described for 21 is performed and the small loop 106 is normal, the device 21 receives a message for detouring that includes a command indicating a request to check whether transmission is possible or not, with the address of this device as the receiving address and the sending address. Input from the transmission line 100,
The device 21 decodes this message and leaves the register 95 at "0" to indicate that the small loop 106 is normal and there is no need to use the detour 100, and indicates that the transmission possibility check has been completed. The register 94 is set to "1" to indicate this, and the timer 91 is reset.

In this way, the transmission possibility check of the small loops 201 and 106 is completed.

Regarding the transmission possibility check process of the small loop 106, the device 26,1 involved in message transfer
Among devices 6 and 11, the device 21 that is on the same loop as the device 21 that issued the transmission check command
When receiving a message including a command indicating a transmission check request, it sets "1" in register 93 to indicate this.

Regarding the transmission possibility check process in the small loop 201, the devices 12 and 2 involved in message transfer
Of the devices 2 and 21, the device 12 that is on the same loop as the device 11 that issued the message containing the transmission check command has “1” written in its register 93.
Set.

As a result of the above processing, "1" is set in the registers 93 of the devices 12 and 26, but "1" is not set in the registers 94. In this way, a device whose register 93 is set to "1" and whose register 94 is not set to "1" transmits a message including the command indicating a transmission possibility check request, with itself as the transmission source.

For example, device 26 does exactly what device 21 did, and devices 26, 25, 15, 16
After checking, if it is found that transmission is possible, the register 94 is set to "1", and the register 95 is left at "0".

Device 12 also checks whether transmission is possible in the small loop connecting devices 12, 13, 23, and 22 in exactly the same way as devices 21 and 26. In this case, if the device 13 is out of order, a message containing a command requesting a transmission check issued by the device 12 will not be returned to the device 12 when the timer 91 times up. At this time, the device 12 repeatedly transmits the above-mentioned message for checking the possibility of transmission a predetermined number of times, and if it still cannot detect that the loop is capable of transmission, it sets "1" in the register 94, This indicates that the transmission availability check has been completed, and also indicates "1" in the register 95, indicating that this small loop is abnormal and that the detour transmission path 200 should be used.

Furthermore, the transmission control device 2 which received the message including the transmission availability check command from the device 26
5 also checks whether transmission is possible on its own.

In the example of FIG. 6, the device 25 sets "1" in the register 95 to indicate that the detour transmission path 500 should be used because the device 24 is out of order.

In this way, each transmission control device checks the register 95 to determine whether or not to use the detour transmission line. For example, in FIG.
2 and 25 each know that they should use the detour transmission path. In this way, “1” is set in register 95.
The device that has been set sets "1" in the register 65, takes in the message received from loop 1 or 2 into the first reception buffer 71, and then sends the message to the detour transmission path 200 or 500, respectively. Forward messages. On the other hand, in the devices 22 and 15, messages input from the detour transmission path are stored in the second receiving buffer 73, and if the sending address of the message in the second receiving buffer 73 is not the own, all messages are looped. Transfer to 2 or 1. Do not transfer if it is your own. In either case, the contents of this second receive buffer are then erased. As a result, the message input to the device 12 is transferred to the loop 2 via the detour transmission path 200 and the device 22, and then transferred to the detour signal path 5 again in the device 25.
00, transferred onto loop 1 via device 15. In this way, a closed transmission path shown by thick line 4 in the figure is formed.

In addition, in the above operation, the transmission control device that received the request to check the transmission availability and issued the transmission availability check command as the sender,
At the time of this transmission, a timer 92 is set. The time set for this timer is set to be somewhat longer than the time it takes for the transmission check command to go through normal loops 1 and 2, respectively. When each transmission control device receives a message containing a transmission possibility check command from an adjacent transmission control device on the same loop before this timer expires, each transmission control device sends a message including the transmission possibility check command with itself as the source. Do not send messages. In this way, when loop 1 returns to normal after temporarily becoming abnormal, this transmission possibility check process is prevented from being repeated permanently.

Also, of the devices 12 and 25 whose register 95 is set to "1", the device 12 in loop 1 periodically transmits a message containing a loop failure recovery check command to loop 1. The receiving address and sending address of this message are both your own address. The other device 13 that receives this message resends this message on loop 1 if it is normal. It is not sent to the detour transmission line 300. Since the following devices 14, 15, 16, and 11 are normal, this message is returned to device 12, so mounting 12 sets all registers 93-95 to "0". However, when the failure of the device 13 has not been recovered, the message containing this failure recovery check command is not returned to the device 12, so it is determined that there is an abnormality in loop 1, and registers 93 to
95 will remain as is. At this time, the device 12 periodically transmits a message including a transmission check command to the loop including the devices 13, 23, 22, and 12, and if the devices 13, 23, and 22 are all in normal condition, , sets register 95 to "0". The above is an explanation of the system operation when the transmission control device connected to loop 1 detects an abnormality in the transmission system of loop 1. However, the transmission control device connected to loop 2 detects an abnormality during loop transmission. The same applies when detected.

As described above, each transmission control device on loops 1 and 2 sends a message containing a small loop transmission availability check command if the transmission path of loops 1 and 2 is abnormal. Also, loop 1,
When each transmission control device above 2 receives a message containing a transmission permission check command, it forwards the message, and also sends a transmission permission check command from itself and starts a small loop starting from itself. Check whether transmission is possible. in this way,
By having each transmission control device check whether a portion of loops 1 and 2 can be transmitted, a detour can be formed without using a master station even if a failure occurs in a portion of loops 1 and 2.

Although the case of a unidirectional loop-shaped transmission line has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, but can also be applied to a bidirectional transmission line with the same idea.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, each transmission control device is equipped with equal functions, their mutual relationships are equal, and the system can be flexibly handled even when there is no master control device to manage the system. It is a loop transmission system. In this case, each transmission control device is highly unique, and it is possible to select a transmission line such as a detour transmission path based on local judgment, and to freely form a network configuration. When a failure or abnormality occurs in the transmission path, it is possible to configure a detour network with little impact on other devices, add a new transmission control device,
We can respond flexibly to deletion, maintenance, etc., and the fault tolerance of the entire network is maintained.
This allows each transmission control device to autonomously form the required network configuration.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly reliable and flexible fraction processing system in which each node has high independence, uniqueness, and equality.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a loop transmission system according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a more detailed block diagram of a transmission control device used in the system of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 61 is a more detailed block diagram, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the format of a message to be transmitted, and FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the process of forming a detour in the event of a failure in the system of FIG. 1. 1, 2...Loop, 11-16, 21-26...Transmission control device, 31...Transmission/reception terminal, 41...Processing device, 51, 61...Interface, 71...First reception buffer, 73...Second reception buffer, 81 ...Transmission buffer, 90-92...Timer, 93...Register for indicating that the transmission possibility check request has been accepted, 94...Register for indicating that the transmission possibility check has been completed, 95...Indicating the result of the transmission possibility check. registers for 100, 200,
300, 400, 500, 600...Detour transmission line.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a loop transmission system in which information is transmitted between devices via first and second loop-shaped transmission paths that transmit information in opposite directions, each device: (A) Sends and receives messages on a first loop-shaped transmission path, and relays messages sent from an adjacent first device via the first loop-shaped transmission path to an adjacent second device. (B) a first interface means for transmitting and receiving messages on the second loop-shaped transmission path, and transmitting and receiving messages from an adjacent second device via the second loop-shaped transmission path; and second interface means for relaying the incoming message to the adjacent first device,
A check message is sent to an adjacent second device via the first loop transmission path through the first interface means, and after the sending, the check message is sent from the adjacent second device to the second loop. monitoring the response to the message received by the second interface means via the loop-shaped transmission line, determining whether there is a failure in the route including the first loop-shaped transmission line, and determining that there is a failure; A transmission control method in a loop transmission system, comprising controlling a message from the first loop transmission path to be detoured to the second loop transmission path.