JPS646407B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS646407B2 JPS646407B2 JP15593082A JP15593082A JPS646407B2 JP S646407 B2 JPS646407 B2 JP S646407B2 JP 15593082 A JP15593082 A JP 15593082A JP 15593082 A JP15593082 A JP 15593082A JP S646407 B2 JPS646407 B2 JP S646407B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- turbidity
- amount
- light source
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
- G01N21/532—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke with measurement of scattering and transmission
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
本発明は、光学的に濁度を測定する濁度計に関
し、特に透過光−散乱光比較方式の濁度計に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a turbidity meter that optically measures turbidity, and particularly to a turbidity meter using a transmitted light-scattered light comparison method.
光学的な濁度測定は、一般的には透明な測定セ
ルに採取した被測定水、すなわち試料水に一定の
光源から光を当て、透過光か、懸濁粒子による散
乱光のいずれか、または両方を検出して測定を行
う。
Optical turbidity measurement generally involves shining light from a constant light source onto the water to be measured, i.e. sample water, collected in a transparent measurement cell, and either transmitting light, scattering light from suspended particles, or Detect and measure both.
このような光学式濁度計の原理構成図を示す第
１図において、ガラス等透明な材料で形成した円
筒状の測定セル６の一側部側の光源１から測定セ
ル６内に採取された試料水２に向けて光を照射
し、そのときの透過光３ａを受光器４で受光する
か、または懸濁粒子２ａで散乱する散乱光３ｂを
受光器５で受光するかの何れか一方または双方を
行い、その受光量から被測定水中の懸濁粒子の濃
度、すなわち濁度を測定している。 In FIG. 1, which shows the principle configuration diagram of such an optical turbidity meter, a sample is sampled into the measurement cell 6 from a light source 1 on one side of a cylindrical measurement cell 6 made of a transparent material such as glass. Light is irradiated toward the sample water 2, and the transmitted light 3a is received by the light receiver 4, or the scattered light 3b scattered by the suspended particles 2a is received by the light receiver 5, or Both are performed, and the concentration of suspended particles in the water to be measured, that is, the turbidity, is measured from the amount of light received.
このような光学式の濁度計においては、光源の
光量変動や被測定水の色の影響が測定誤差となつ
てあらわれる。したがつて、これらの影響をなく
し、高精度な測定を行うためには透過光と散乱光
の両方を検出し、（散乱光量）／（透過光量）を
演算して濁度に対応させる透過光−散乱光比較方
式が用いられている。 In such an optical turbidity meter, measurement errors are caused by fluctuations in the light intensity of the light source and the influence of the color of the water to be measured. Therefore, in order to eliminate these effects and perform highly accurate measurements, it is necessary to detect both transmitted light and scattered light, calculate (scattered light amount)/(transmitted light amount), and calculate the transmitted light to correspond to the turbidity. - A scattered light comparison method is used.
第２図ａに濁度対透過光量および散乱光量の関
係を示す。透過光量は濁度の増大とともに減少し
て行き、散乱光量はなる濁度（数千ppm程度）ま
では濁度の増大とともに増大して行くが、それ以
上の濁度になると逆に減少して行く。一般的には
透過光−散乱光比較方式の濁度計は散乱光量が濁
度の増大とともに増大して行く範囲（数千ppm以
下）において用いられる。第２図ｂに前記範囲に
おける濁度対（（散乱光量）／（透過光量）の関
係を示す。 Figure 2a shows the relationship between turbidity and amount of transmitted light and amount of scattered light. The amount of transmitted light decreases as the turbidity increases, and the amount of scattered light increases as the turbidity increases up to a certain level of turbidity (approximately several thousand ppm), but conversely decreases as the turbidity increases. go. Generally, a transmitted light-scattered light comparison type turbidity meter is used in a range where the amount of scattered light increases as the turbidity increases (several thousand ppm or less). FIG. 2b shows the relationship between turbidity vs. ((amount of scattered light)/(amount of transmitted light)) in the above range.
以上光学式濁度計の測定原理について説明して
きたが、実用上は濁度計の正常な稼動を維持して
行く上でメインテナンスが必要である。メインテ
ナンスとしては、〔１〕消耗部品（光源用ランプ
など）の交換、〔２〕測定セルの洗浄、〔３〕ゼロ
点やスパンの校正または感度チエツクなどがあ
る。〔１〕については信頼性もあがり１年間程度
は交換不要となつてきている。〔２〕については
自動洗浄機構などが具えられ改善が進んでいる。
ところが、〔３〕については、定期的あるいは測
定値に異常が発見されたとき計器の運転を止め、
清水（水道水または純水）でゼロ点を、濁度標準
液でスパンの校正を行わなければならない。 The measurement principle of the optical turbidity meter has been explained above, but in practice, maintenance is required to maintain the normal operation of the turbidity meter. Maintenance includes [1] replacing consumable parts (such as a light source lamp), [2] cleaning the measurement cell, and [3] calibrating the zero point and span or checking the sensitivity. As for [1], the reliability has improved and there is no need to replace it for about a year. Regarding [2], improvements are being made with the addition of automatic cleaning mechanisms.
However, regarding [3], the operation of the instrument should be stopped periodically or when an abnormality is discovered in the measured value.
The zero point must be calibrated with clean water (tap water or pure water) and the span must be calibrated with a turbidity standard solution.
特に、下水処理場などの汚水流路や処理槽に設
置して濁度の連続監視に用いる浸漬形濁度計にあ
つては、使用環境上汚物付着等による測定誤差が
発生しやすいため、測定精度を維持するためには
校正作業を欠かすことができない。従来の計器で
は校正作業にあたつて、計器をその都度設置場所
から取りはずして地上引揚げ、別に用意した清水
（ゼロ点校正用）および濁度標準液（スパン校正
用）に浸漬する必要があつた。この作業自体煩わ
しいものである上、この間本来の測定が長時間中
断されてしまうという問題があつた。また、濁度
標準液は試薬（ホルマジン、カオリンなど）を調
合して作るので、これも非常に煩しい作業であつ
た。 In particular, with immersion turbidity meters installed in sewage channels and treatment tanks such as sewage treatment plants for continuous monitoring of turbidity, measurement errors are likely to occur due to the adhesion of filth due to the environment in which they are used. Calibration work is essential to maintain accuracy. When performing calibration with conventional instruments, it is necessary to remove the instrument from its installation location, raise it to the ground, and immerse it in separately prepared clean water (for zero point calibration) and turbidity standard solution (for span calibration). Ta. This work itself is troublesome, and there is a problem in that the actual measurement is interrupted for a long time. In addition, the turbidity standard solution was prepared by mixing reagents (formazin, kaolin, etc.), which was also a very troublesome process.
したがつて、計器を設置状態のまゝで、しかも
濁度標準液を用いずに簡便にスパン校正または感
度チエツクができる方法が望まれるところであ
る。 Therefore, there is a need for a method that can easily perform span calibration or sensitivity check without using a turbidity standard solution while leaving the instrument in its installed state.
従つて、本発明の目的は、透過光−散乱光比較
方式の濁度計において、濁度標準液を用いずに簡
便にスパン校正（相当のチエツク）を行えるよう
にした濁度計を提供することにある。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a turbidity meter using a transmitted light-scattered light comparison method, which allows span calibration (equivalent check) to be easily performed without using a turbidity standard solution. There is a particular thing.
本発明は、光源により測定セル内の被測定液を
照射し、その透過光量および散乱光量を検出し、
除算器により（散乱光量）／（透過光量）を演算
して濁度を求める濁度計において、散乱光出力が
所定の濁度相当値になるように光源光量を増大さ
せる光源光量切換器、および、除算器への透過光
量信号を所定の濁度相当値になるように調整する
スパンチエツク回路を設けるか、または、透過光
出力が所定の濁度相当値になるように光源光量を
減少させる光源光量切換器、および、除算器への
散乱光量信号を所定濁度相当値になるように調整
するスパンチエツク回路を設けた濁度計にある。
The present invention irradiates a liquid to be measured in a measurement cell with a light source, detects the amount of transmitted light and the amount of scattered light,
In a turbidity meter that calculates turbidity by calculating (scattered light amount)/(transmitted light amount) using a divider, a light source light amount switching device that increases the light source light amount so that the scattered light output becomes a predetermined turbidity equivalent value; , a light source that is provided with a span shift circuit that adjusts the transmitted light amount signal to the divider so that it becomes a predetermined turbidity equivalent value, or that reduces the light source light amount so that the transmitted light output becomes a predetermined turbidity equivalent value. The turbidity meter is equipped with a light amount switch and a spanch-shift circuit that adjusts the scattered light amount signal sent to the divider to a value corresponding to a predetermined turbidity.
第３図に示す本発明の一実施例において、１は
光源ランプ、６は透明ガラス等でできた筒状の測
定セル、２は測定セル６内に採取された被測定
水、４は透過光を電気信号に変換する受光器、５
は散乱光を電気信号に変換する受光器である。７
は受光器４からの信号を増幅する透過光ヘツドア
ンプ、８は受光器５からの信号を増幅す散乱光ヘ
ツドアンプである。９は、スパン校正相当のチエ
ツク時に使用するスパンチエツク回路で、ヘツド
アンプ７からの信号を受けてその出力レベルをス
パン校正相当のチエツクに合うレベルに調整する
増幅回路を有している。１０は（散乱光量）／
（透過光量）の演算を行う除算器である。１１は
徐算器１０からの信号を受けて、濁度に対応した
出力に変換するための変換器で、信号ホールド回
路、リニアライズ回路、レンジ設定回路、Ｖ／Ｉ
変換回路、零点およびスパン調整回路などが含ま
れている。零点およびスパン調整回路は、例え
ば、アンプ２１、このアンプの入力信号にバイア
スを与えるバイアス回路２２、および、このアン
プのゲインを調節するゲイン調節回路を含む。１
２ａ，ｂは連動して動作する切換スイツチで、Ｍ
側は通常測定およびゼロ点校正時に、Ｃ側はスパ
ン校正相当のチエツク時に使用するものである。
１３は光源ランプ用の電源で、Ｍ側には通常測定
およびゼロ点校正時に使用する光源の明るさを設
定する電圧VMが、Ｃ側にはスパン校正相当のチ
エツク時に使用する光源の明るさを設定する電圧
VCが出力されるようになつている。
In one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, 1 is a light source lamp, 6 is a cylindrical measurement cell made of transparent glass, etc., 2 is water to be measured collected in the measurement cell 6, and 4 is transmitted light. a light receiver that converts the signal into an electrical signal, 5
is a light receiver that converts scattered light into electrical signals. 7
8 is a transmitted light head amplifier that amplifies the signal from the light receiver 4, and 8 is a scattered light head amplifier that amplifies the signal from the light receiver 5. Reference numeral 9 denotes a span check circuit used when checking equivalent to span calibration, and includes an amplifier circuit that receives a signal from head amplifier 7 and adjusts its output level to a level suitable for checking equivalent to span calibration. 10 is (scattered light amount)/
This is a divider that calculates the amount of transmitted light. 11 is a converter for receiving the signal from the divider 10 and converting it into an output corresponding to turbidity, which includes a signal hold circuit, a linearization circuit, a range setting circuit, and a V/I
Contains conversion circuit, zero point and span adjustment circuit, etc. The zero point and span adjustment circuit includes, for example, an amplifier 21, a bias circuit 22 that applies a bias to an input signal of this amplifier, and a gain adjustment circuit that adjusts the gain of this amplifier. 1
2a and b are changeover switches that operate in conjunction with each other;
The side C is used for normal measurements and zero point calibration, and the C side is used for checks equivalent to span calibration.
13 is the power supply for the light source lamp, the M side contains the voltage V M that sets the brightness of the light source used during normal measurement and zero point calibration, and the C side contains the brightness of the light source used when checking equivalent to span calibration. Setting the voltage
V C is now output.
次に第４図に浸漬形濁度計の検出器機構の一例
を示す。１７は検出器外筒で、被測定液２の中に
浸漬されている。また、外筒１７の内部には、光
源ランプ１、透過光受光器４、散乱光受光器５、
測定セル６、上下駆動されるピストン１５の先端
に取り付けられたワイパー１４が設けられる。ワ
イパー１４は、測定セル６内への試料水の吸入お
よび測定後の試料水の排出、測定セル６の内壁の
汚れを洗浄するためのものである。１６は校正時
に測定セル６内へ清水を導入するための清水導入
管である。 Next, FIG. 4 shows an example of the detector mechanism of an immersion turbidity meter. Reference numeral 17 denotes a detector outer cylinder, which is immersed in the liquid to be measured 2. Further, inside the outer cylinder 17, a light source lamp 1, a transmitted light receiver 4, a scattered light receiver 5,
A measuring cell 6 and a wiper 14 attached to the tip of a piston 15 that is driven up and down are provided. The wiper 14 is for sucking sample water into the measurement cell 6, discharging the sample water after measurement, and cleaning dirt on the inner wall of the measurement cell 6. 16 is a fresh water introduction pipe for introducing fresh water into the measurement cell 6 during calibration.
以下、この実施例の動作を説明するに、測定を
開始する前に、清水および濁度標準液を用いた校
正、ならびに、本発明によるチエツクを行うため
の調整を行う。校正は零点とスパンとの双方につ
いて行う。すなわち、先ず、測定セル６内を清水
で満たし、測定指針が零を示すように変換器１１
のバイアス回路２２を調整する。これが零点の校
正である。次に、測定セル６内を濁度標準液で満
たし、指針がフルスケールを示すように変換器１
１のゲイン調節回路を調整する。これがスパン校
正である。 The operation of this embodiment will be described below. Before starting measurement, calibration using fresh water and a turbidity standard solution and adjustment for checking according to the present invention are performed. Calibration is performed for both the zero point and span. That is, first, the inside of the measuring cell 6 is filled with clean water, and the converter 11 is set so that the measuring pointer indicates zero.
adjust the bias circuit 22 of. This is zero point calibration. Next, fill the measurement cell 6 with the turbidity standard solution, and place the converter 1 so that the pointer indicates full scale.
Adjust the gain adjustment circuit No. 1. This is span calibration.
その後、本発明によるスパン校正相当のチエツ
クを行うための調整を行う。先ず、切換スイツチ
１２ａ，１２ｂがＭ側（ランプ電圧VM側）であ
ることを確認する。 Thereafter, adjustments are made to perform a check equivalent to span calibration according to the present invention. First, confirm that the changeover switches 12a and 12b are on the M side (lamp voltage V M side).
次に、濁度標準液を用いて、その濁度計の測定
範囲フルスケールにおける透過光ヘツドアンプ７
の出力電圧VTおよび散乱光ヘツドアンプ８の出
力電圧VSを測定する。すなわちVT，VSはスパン
校正時の除算器１０の入力信号である。 Next, using the turbidity standard solution, the transmitted light head amplifier 7 in the full scale measurement range of the turbidity meter is
The output voltage V T of the scattered light head amplifier 8 and the output voltage V S of the scattered light head amplifier 8 are measured. That is, V T and V S are input signals to the divider 10 during span calibration.
更に、切換スイツチ１２ａ，１２ｂをＣ側に切
換えて、測定セル６内を清水で満たし、散乱光ヘ
ツドアンプ８の出力電圧が先ほど測定したフルス
ケール相当値VSになるよう光源ランプ電源１３
の光量を増してＣ側の電圧VCを設定する。VC＞
VMである。測定セル６内を清水に置換したから、
光源光量が同一であれば散乱光量は減少するが、
光源光量を増大させて散乱光量を清水に置換する
以前と同等になるようにしたのである。 Furthermore, switch the changeover switches 12a and 12b to the C side, fill the measurement cell 6 with clean water, and turn on the light source lamp power supply 13 so that the output voltage of the scattered light head amplifier 8 becomes the full scale equivalent value V S measured earlier.
Increase the light intensity and set the voltage V C on the C side. V C ＞
V M. Since the inside of the measurement cell 6 was replaced with fresh water,
If the light source light intensity is the same, the amount of scattered light will decrease, but
The amount of light from the light source was increased to bring the amount of scattered light to the same level as before replacing the water with fresh water.
その後、スパンチエツク回路９の出力電圧がフ
ルスケール相当値VTとなるように９内部の増幅
器のゲインを設定する。このゲインは１以下であ
る。これは、清水状態において散乱光出力がフル
スケール相当値になるよう光源ランプを明るくし
たのであるから、そのまゝでは透過光出力は大き
くなつてしまうので、除算器１０に入力される透
過光出力もフルスケール相当値になるようレベル
を下げるためである。 Thereafter, the gain of the amplifier inside the spanch-shift circuit 9 is set so that the output voltage of the spancheek circuit 9 becomes a full-scale equivalent value VT . This gain is less than 1. This is because the light source lamp was made brighter so that the scattered light output would be equivalent to the full scale value in fresh water conditions, and the transmitted light output input to the divider 10 would be increased. This is to lower the level so that it becomes a value equivalent to full scale.
このようにして、切換スイツチ１２ａ，１２ｂ
をＣ側に切り換え、かつ、測定セル６内の濁度標
準板を清水に置換した状態で、除算器の入力信号
はスパン校正時の除算器１０の入力信号と同一と
なり、濁度指示値はフルスケールとなる。 In this way, the changeover switches 12a, 12b
is switched to the C side and the turbidity standard plate in the measurement cell 6 is replaced with clean water, the input signal of the divider becomes the same as the input signal of the divider 10 during span calibration, and the turbidity indication value is Becomes full scale.
以上で測定を開始する前の調整は終りである。
以後は切換スイツチ１２ａ，ｂをＭ側にしてお
き、測定セル６内に被測定水を採取してその濁度
を測定する。定期的あるいは測定異常時の計器校
正に際しては、先ず測定セル６内を清水で満たし
てゼロ点校正を行い、さらに切換スイツチ１２
ａ，ｂをＣ側にして濁度指示値をチエツクし、フ
ルスケールからずれている場合には変換器１１内
のスパン調整器によりフルスケールに合せればよ
い。 This completes the adjustment before starting measurement.
Thereafter, the changeover switches 12a and 12b are set to the M side, and water to be measured is sampled into the measurement cell 6 and its turbidity is measured. When calibrating the instrument periodically or when there is a measurement error, first fill the measurement cell 6 with fresh water to perform zero point calibration, and then turn the changeover switch 12 on.
Check the turbidity indication value with a and b set to the C side, and if it deviates from the full scale, adjust it to the full scale using the span adjuster in the converter 11.
上記の例では、Ｃ側の光源の明るさおよびスパ
ンチエツク回路のゲインをそれぞれ散乱光および
透過光の「フルスケール」相当値になるよう設定
したが、これに限らず測定レンジ内の「一定の濁
度」に対応させるように設定してもよい。たゞ校
正の精度を上げるためにはできるだけフルスケー
ルに近い値の方がよい。 In the above example, the brightness of the light source on the C side and the gain of the spancheek circuit were set to correspond to the "full scale" values of the scattered light and transmitted light, respectively. It may be set to correspond to "turbidity". In order to increase the accuracy of calibration, it is better to use a value as close to full scale as possible.
次に本考案を第４図に示すような浸漬形濁度計
に適用した場合の動作について説明する。通常の
濁度測定時においてはピストン１５の先端に取り
付けられたワイパー１４は測定セル６の先端近く
と清水導入管１６より下側の位置の間を往復運動
して試料水の吸入、測定、排出および測定セル６
の内壁の洗浄を行つて被測定水２の濁度を連続的
に測定している。 Next, the operation when the present invention is applied to an immersion turbidity meter as shown in FIG. 4 will be explained. During normal turbidity measurement, the wiper 14 attached to the tip of the piston 15 reciprocates between a position near the tip of the measurement cell 6 and a position below the fresh water introduction pipe 16 to suck in, measure, and discharge sample water. and measurement cell 6
The turbidity of the water to be measured 2 is continuously measured by cleaning the inner wall of the water.
校正に際しては、ワイパー１４が清水導入管１
６よりも上側の位置まで上げて停止しておき、清
水導入管を通して地上のポンプ（図示してない）
等により清水を送り込み測定セル６内を清水で満
たしてゼロ点校正および前記簡便な方法によるス
パン校正を行うことできる。 During calibration, the wiper 14 is connected to the fresh water introduction pipe 1.
Raise it to a position above 6 and stop it, then connect the above ground pump (not shown) through the fresh water inlet pipe.
By feeding clean water into the measurement cell 6 to fill it with fresh water, zero point calibration and span calibration can be performed using the above-mentioned simple method.
次に、他の実施例について第５図を参照して説
明する。第３図に示す実施例においては、スパン
チエツク回路９を透過光側に設けたが、スパンチ
エツク回路９′を散乱光側に設けるものである。 Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the spanch-check circuit 9 is provided on the transmitted light side, but the spanch-check circuit 9' is provided on the scattered light side.
この場合には、測定セル６内を清水で満たした
とき、透過光ヘツドアンプ出力がフルスケール相
当値VTとなるよう光源ランプ電源１３のＣ側の
電圧VCを設定しておく。VC＜VMである。さらに
スパンチエツク回路９′の出力電圧がフルスケー
ル相当値VSとなるように９′内部の増幅器のゲイ
ンを設定しておく。このゲインは１以上である。
これは、清水状態において透過光出力がフルスケ
ール相当値になるよう光源ランプを暗くしたので
あるから、そのまゝでは散乱光出力は小さくなつ
てしまうので、除算器１０に入力される散乱光出
力もフルスケール相当値になるようレベルを上げ
るためである。 In this case, the voltage V C on the C side of the light source lamp power supply 13 is set so that when the measurement cell 6 is filled with fresh water, the output of the transmitted light head amplifier becomes the full scale equivalent value V T . V C < VM . Furthermore, the gain of the amplifier inside the spancheek circuit 9' is set so that the output voltage of the spancheek circuit 9' becomes a full-scale equivalent value V S . This gain is 1 or more.
This is because the light source lamp was dimmed so that the transmitted light output would be equivalent to the full scale value in fresh water conditions, and the scattered light output would be small if it remained as it was, so the scattered light output input to the divider 10 would be This is to raise the level so that the value is equivalent to full scale.
また、前記実施例においてはいずれもスパン校
正相当のチエツク時に測定セル内を清水で満たす
ことにしたが、もちろん濁度一定の水得られるな
らばそれを用いてもよい。 Furthermore, in all of the above embodiments, the measurement cell was filled with clean water during the check equivalent to span calibration, but of course, water with constant turbidity may be used if it is available.
本発明によれば、透過光−散乱光比較方式の濁
度計において、濁度標準液を用いるスパン校正時
の濁度標準液を清水に置換しても、除算器の入力
信号として、スパン校正の基準濁度相当の信号が
得られるようにすることにより、簡易的スパン校
正を濁度標準液を用いることなく簡便に行うこと
ができ、メインテナンス作業が容易になる。例え
ば、ワイパー１４の部分的摩耗などにより、受光
器４および５の片方に面する測定セルの部分のみ
がよごれるなどしたために一方の受光量が減少し
たような場合、作業容易な簡易的スパン校正によ
り正しい測定が出来るようになる。
According to the present invention, in a turbidity meter using a transmitted light-scattered light comparison method, even if the turbidity standard solution is replaced with clean water during span calibration using a turbidity standard solution, the span calibration can be performed as an input signal to the divider. By making it possible to obtain a signal equivalent to the reference turbidity of , simple span calibration can be easily performed without using a turbidity standard solution, and maintenance work becomes easier. For example, if only the portion of the measurement cell facing one of the photodetectors 4 and 5 becomes dirty due to partial wear of the wiper 14, and the amount of light received on one side decreases, a simple span calibration that is easy to perform can be used. You will be able to take accurate measurements.
さらに、本考案を第４図に示すような浸漬形濁
度計に適用すれば、検出器を設置場所から取りは
ずし引き揚げることなしに校正作業ができるので
メインテナンス作業が非常に容易になる。 Furthermore, if the present invention is applied to an immersion turbidity meter as shown in FIG. 4, maintenance work will be greatly facilitated since calibration work can be performed without removing and raising the detector from its installation location.
第１図は光学式濁度計の測定原理を説明する
図、第２図ａ，ｂは濁度対透過光量・散乱光量な
らびに濁度対｛（散乱光量）／（透過光量）｝の関
係を示す図、第３図は本発明の一実施例を示す
図、第４図は同実施例を適用するに好適な浸漬形
濁度計の一例を示す図、第５図は他の実施例を示
す図である。
１……光源、２……被測定水、４……透過光受
光器、５……散乱光受光器、６……測定セル、７
……透過光信号ヘツドアンプ、８……散乱光信号
ヘツドアンプ、９，９′……スパンチエツク回路、
１０……除算器、１１……変換器、１２ａ，１２
ｂ……切換スイツチ、１３……電源。
Figure 1 is a diagram explaining the measurement principle of an optical turbidity meter, and Figures 2 a and b show the relationship between turbidity vs. amount of transmitted light and amount of scattered light, and turbidity vs. {(amount of scattered light)/(amount of transmitted light)}. 3 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an immersion turbidity meter suitable for applying the same embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Light source, 2... Water to be measured, 4... Transmitted light receiver, 5... Scattered light receiver, 6... Measurement cell, 7
...Transmitted light signal head amplifier, 8...Scattered light signal head amplifier, 9,9'...Spanch stack circuit,
10...Divider, 11...Converter, 12a, 12
b...Selector switch, 13...Power supply.
Claims (1)
その透過光量および散乱光量を検出し、除算器に
より（散乱光量）／（透過光量）を演算して濁度
を求めるものにおいて、測定セル内を清水で満た
して散乱光出力が所定の濁度相当値になるように
光源光量を増大させるかまたは透過光出力が所定
の濁度相当値になるように光源光量を減少させる
光源光量切換器を設け、測定セル内を清水で満た
して光源光量を増大させるときは前記除算器への
透過光量信号を所定の濁度相当値になるように調
整するスパンチエツク回路を設け、光源光量を減
少させるときは前記除算器への散乱光出力信号を
所定の濁度相当値になるように調整するスパンチ
エツク回路を設けた濁度計。1 Irradiate the liquid to be measured in the measurement cell with a light source,
The amount of transmitted light and scattered light is detected, and the turbidity is calculated by calculating (scattered light amount)/(transmitted light amount) using a divider.The measurement cell is filled with clear water and the scattered light output corresponds to the specified turbidity. A light source light intensity switch is provided to increase the light intensity of the light source so that the value is reached or to decrease the light intensity of the light source so that the transmitted light output reaches a predetermined turbidity equivalent value, and to increase the light intensity of the light source by filling the measurement cell with clean water. When decreasing the amount of light from the light source, a spanch-shift circuit is provided to adjust the amount of transmitted light signal to the divider to a value equivalent to a predetermined turbidity, and when reducing the amount of light from the light source, the output signal of scattered light to the divider is adjusted to a value equivalent to a predetermined turbidity. A turbidity meter equipped with a span check circuit that adjusts the value to the equivalent value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15593082A JPS5946540A (en) | 1982-09-09 | 1982-09-09 | Turbidimeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15593082A JPS5946540A (en) | 1982-09-09 | 1982-09-09 | Turbidimeter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5946540A JPS5946540A (en) | 1984-03-15 |
| JPS646407B2 true JPS646407B2 (en) | 1989-02-03 |
Family
ID=15616615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15593082A Granted JPS5946540A (en) | 1982-09-09 | 1982-09-09 | Turbidimeter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5946540A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2398101A (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2001-07-03 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for manufacturing seamless capsule |
| ATE544440T1 (en) | 2000-08-17 | 2012-02-15 | Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SEAMLESS CAPSULE |
| US7495763B2 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2009-02-24 | Hach Company | Dual function measurement system |
| JP4905798B2 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2012-03-28 | 横河電機株式会社 | Turbidity meter |
| CN112089092B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2022-09-27 | 韩国烟草人参公社 | Method and device for producing flavor capsule for cigarette |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS604114Y2 (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1985-02-05 | 株式会社横河電機製作所 | Spancheek mechanism of multi-component infrared gas analyzer |
| JPS54106281A (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-08-21 | Horiba Ltd | Simple corrector for analyzer |
-
1982
- 1982-09-09 JP JP15593082A patent/JPS5946540A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5946540A (en) | 1984-03-15 |
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