JPS644241Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a variable DC power source for a storage battery vehicle that involves voltage control by changing the connection of a group of storage batteries mounted on the vehicle body.

Conventionally, the storage battery as a power source for a storage battery car is used without any connection change, and the speed control is performed by short-circuiting a portion of the series field winding of the DC motor by tapping the number of turns, or ○B) A method is adopted in which a compound-wound electric motor is used and the number of revolutions of the motor is controlled by means such as controlling the current to the field winding based on the action of a variable resistor. In this case, since the voltage of the storage battery group as a power source remains unchanged, speed control is limited particularly in the low speed range, and smooth speed control cannot be performed over the entire speed range. For this purpose, the storage batteries that make up the storage battery group are divided into several blocks, and each of these blocks is connected in series and controlled by the action of a switching element to control the voltage. In series-parallel control, it is impossible to make the discharge state of each storage battery block uniform without using a special control device. This has the serious disadvantage that charging must be performed block by block, which significantly increases the number of man-hours required for charging.

The purpose of this invention is to divide the storage batteries that form the power source of storage battery cars into multiple blocks, and use a combination of unique connection means and current suppressing reactors to maintain the uniform discharge state of each storage battery block through various types of voltage control. The purpose is to reduce the number of man-hours required for charging.

The illustrated embodiment will be specifically described below. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a variable DC power supply, which is the main part of the invention,
It is composed of a storage battery, a diode, and a switching element, which will be described later. 2a is a DC motor armature, and 2b is a series field winding, both of which constitute a DC series motor 2. The DC series motor 2 is connected to the variable DC power supply 1 via a current suppressing reactor 3 and a power supply switching contactor 4 in this order. 5a ₁ , 5a ₂ , 5a ₃ are switch contacts,
Taps 2b ₁ provided on the series field winding 2b, respectively.
It is connected between 2b ₂ and 2b ₃ and tap 2b as shown. 6 is a controller, and the above-mentioned switch contact 5
Opening/closing control of a ₁ , 5a ₂ , and 5a ₃ is performed to control speed. That is, based on the command from the accelerator device 7, the switch contacts 5a ₁ , 5a ₂ , 5a ₃
The opening/closing control is performed to increase or decrease the effective winding of the series field winding 2b. On the other hand, this controller 6 acts to control the switching elements in the variable DC power supply 1. Next, details of the variable DC power supply 1, which is the main body of the present invention, will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. First, FIG. 2 shows the circuit configuration that is the most basic of the present invention, and in the same figure, E ₁ and E ₂ are storage batteries consisting of several unit storage batteries, and have the same voltage and the same capacity. The + terminal of the storage battery E ₁ is connected directly to the + terminal of the variable DC power supply 1, and the + terminal of the storage battery E ₂ is connected to the + terminal of the variable DC power supply 1 via the diode D ₁ in the forward direction with respect to the storage battery E ₂ . ing. On the other hand, the - terminal of storage battery E ₂ is connected to variable DC power supply 1.
The - terminal of the storage battery E _{1 is directly connected to the - terminal of the storage battery E 1} , and the - terminal of the storage battery E ₁ is connected to the terminal of the variable DC power supply 1 via a diode D ₂ in the opposite direction to the storage battery E 1 .
S is a switching element connected between the negative terminal of the storage battery _E1 and the positive terminal of the storage battery _E2 , and may be a mechanical electromagnetic contactor contact or a non-contact switching element such as a transistor. However, when adopting the latter method, it is necessary to consider the charging of storage batteries E ₁ and E ₂ and use a bidirectional conduction switching element. The circuit shown in FIG. 2 is a two-stage voltage switching circuit, and if the voltage values of the storage batteries E ₁ and E ₂ are respectively e, the output of the variable DC power supply 1 is limited to two types of voltage control, e and 2e. In this respect, it is not the circuit that is the focus of the present invention, but the simplest circuit configuration of the present invention, in which the voltage control range is further expanded, is shown in FIG. In Figure 3, the storage battery
A variable voltage circuit 1a obtained by connecting E ₁ ′, E ₂ ′, diodes D ₁ ′, D ₂ ′, and switching element S ₁ ′ evenly as shown in FIG. 2, storage batteries E ₃ ′, E ₄ ′, and diodes D ₃ ′,
A variable voltage circuit 1b obtained by connecting D ₄ ′ and switching element S ₂ ′ in the same way is obtained, and diodes D ₅ ′, D ₆ ′ and switching element S ₃ ′ are added to these variable voltage circuits 1a and 1b. The variable DC power supply 1 is configured by a connection method in which the storage batteries E ₁ , E ₂ , the diodes D ₁ , D _{2 ,} and the switching element S shown in FIG. 2 correspond to each other. Furthermore, if the circuit shown in FIG. 3 is connected to the storage batteries E ₁ and E ₂ shown in FIG. 2, a wider range of voltage control can be obtained. That is, a circuit is constructed that can obtain voltage values forming a series of e, 2e, 4e, 8e... ^2ne . However, in order to keep the maximum voltage constant, for example, each of the storage batteries E ₁ ' to _{E 4} ' in Figure 3 should be set to e/2 (the voltage values of E ₁ and E ₂ in Figure 2 are assumed to be e). Good. In addition, in the configuration related to the present invention, unlike the cascade connection based on Fig. 2, which is usually considered,
Since minute changes in voltage cannot be expected, the current suppressing reactor 3 shown in FIG. 1 is indispensable in order to prevent an impulse current when the voltage changes.

In the above configuration, first, the variable DC power supply 1 is set to the minimum voltage. That is, in the circuit shown in FIG. 3, by keeping all the switching elements S ₁ ′, S ₂ ′ and S ₃ ′ open, the voltages of E ₁ ′ to _{E 4} ′ are set to e/2, and the contactor 4 is turned on. Then, when the accelerator device 7 is not activated, the switch contacts 5a ₁ , 5
By setting both a ₂ and 5a ₃ in an open state, the effective number of turns of the series field winding 2b is maximized, and the battery car is smoothly started at an extremely low speed. Next, when the accelerator device 7 is actuated, the switch contacts 5a ₁ , 5a ₂ , and 5a ₃ are sequentially closed, acting to reduce the effective number of turns of the series field winding 2b and increase the speed. At the same time, the switching elements S ₁ ′ in FIG. 3 in the variable DC power supply 1,
By sequentially charging S ₂ ′, S ₃ ′, S ₁ ′, S ₂ ′ at the same time, and sequentially charging S ₃ ′, e′, 2e′ for each voltage value e′ of storage batteries E ₁ ′ to _{E 4} ′ , 4e' and variable voltage control is performed up to the maximum voltage value of the variable DC power supply 1. When the accelerator device 7 is released while the storage battery car is being driven at high speed in this manner, the maximum voltage of the variable DC power supply 1, that is, the switching element S ₁ ′ in FIG.
The terminal voltage of the DC motor 2 becomes larger than the voltage when S ₂ ′ and S ₃ ′ are all turned on, and a regenerative current flows from the DC motor 2 toward the variable DC power supply 1 for regenerative braking. On the other hand, when charging the discharged storage batteries E ₁ ′ to _{E 4} ′, the switching elements S ₁ ′, S ₂ ′,
S ₃ ′ shall be completely closed and a separate power source will be used via a charger. The charging and discharging of the storage batteries E ₁ ′ to _{E 4} ′ is performed equally for each storage battery due to the structure of the present invention.

Although the above embodiment shows an example in which the effective number of turns of the series-wound field winding is controlled, for example, a compound-wound DC motor is adopted as the DC motor, and current control of the shunt-wound field winding is performed. It is obvious that the present invention can also be applied to circuits for carrying out the present invention, and is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 above.

As described above, the variable DC power supply for the storage battery vehicle according to the present invention has a variable voltage DC power supply that supplies power to the drive DC motor, and this variable voltage is 2 ⁿ
(n is a natural number of 2 or more) storage batteries as diodes,
The switching element is configured to obtain a voltage that forms one series of eo, 2eo, 4eo, 8eo, etc. when the unit storage battery voltage is eo. As a result, within the maximum voltage range of the variable DC power supply, 2
At this time, the discharge degree of each unit storage battery constituting the variable storage battery can be perfectly matched because the entire unit carries the load current uniformly. Therefore, the storage battery can be charged uniformly after being discharged, and there is no room for charging blocks with different discharge states in different states, which is a feature that can significantly reduce the number of man-hours required for charging. It has the following.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a basic circuit diagram for configuring the circuit of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is the simplest circuit diagram according to the present invention. 1... variable DC power supply, 2... DC series motor,
E ₁ ′ to _{E 4} ′... Storage battery, S ₁ ′ to S ₃ ′... Switching element, D ₁ ′ to _{D 6} ′... Diode.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 2 ⁿ pieces (hereinafter n is a natural number of 2 or more) of the same voltage,
Equipped with storage batteries having the same capacity, these storage batteries are made into a set of two, and different diodes are connected between the same poles of the storage batteries in each set so that the cathodes are connected to both poles of one storage battery. Among the above diodes, the cathode of the diode connected to one pole side of the storage battery and the anode of the other diode are connected via a switching element, and the cathode of the diode connected to the + pole side of the storage battery is connected to the + pole. , constitute 2n ^-1 first variable voltage storage battery bodies that obtain a DC output with the anode of the diode connected to one pole side of the storage battery as one pole, and the first variable voltage storage battery body is connected to the first variable voltage storage battery body 2n ^-2 second variable voltage storage battery bodies are configured by replacing each storage battery of the first variable voltage storage battery body, and hereinafter, an nth variable voltage storage battery body is configured in the same manner. Variable DC power supply for storage battery vehicles.