JPS643086Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] This invention is an electromagnetic wave reflector for transmitting various information on moving bodies such as ships, aircraft, missiles, and artificial sanitary bodies, or various information at remote points. The present invention relates to a radio wave reflecting device for an information transmission system, which is different from this reflector and includes, for example, a radar device.

Conventionally, corner reflectors were used as radio wave reflectors,
There are Luneberg lens reflectors, etc., but the information they provide as targets is simply by reflecting radar waves and can only transmit information that something is present at that point. The device of the present invention has a specially crafted reflective plate installed on the Runeberg lens, and in addition to information that there is an object at that point, it also collects other information, such as information on the temperature and pressure at that point, or information on ships. It is a passive radio wave reflecting device that can be installed on a ship and transmit information such as steering information of a ship.It is a passive radio wave reflecting device that can be installed on a ship to transmit information such as the steering of a ship.It uses a reflecting device and a radar device to exchange information two-way between the two parties, and is used to ensure safe navigation on ships. This is what we are trying to measure.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of radio wave reflection by a conventionally used well-known spherical dielectric radio wave lens, the so-called Luneberg lens. In the figure, 100 is a Luneberg lens, with one focal point on the surface of the sphere and the other at infinity. Reference numeral 200 denotes a metal reflecting plate disposed on a part of the surface of this lens, and P is the focal point of the lens 100, which is located on the surface of the lens sphere. Now, when a radio wave enters this lens from the direction of arrow A, this incident wave enters the lens 100 as shown by the arrow, is focused within the lens, and is concentrated at the focal point P of the lens 100. Since a metal reflector 200 is placed at the focal point P, the incident wave is reflected by the metal reflector 200, as indicated by the arrow, and is reflected in the direction from which it came. Therefore, such a device acts as a radio wave reflector, but the reflected radio waves from this device merely transmit information on whether or not there is a target at the reflection point, and do not carry any further information. Information such as temperature and atmospheric pressure near the reflection point cannot also be transmitted.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

Here, the present invention aims to provide a radio wave reflecting device with an extremely simple structure that can transmit not only information on whether or not there is a target at the reflection point, but also various other information. .

[Means for solving problems]

The radio wave reflecting device according to the present invention is a well-known spherical dielectric radio wave lens, in which a reflecting plate is arranged near the focal point, and the reflecting plate is changed back and forth near the focal point in relation to the film that transmits the light. The feature is that the radio waves reflected by the plate are modulated by information.

[Effect]

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the configuration of a radio wave reflecting device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a spherical dielectric radio wave lens, 2 is a reflective plate with a variable reflectance installed oppositely with a certain width on a part of the lens sphere surface near the focal point P of this radio wave lens 1, and 3 is this reflector plate 2. 4 is a waveform shaping circuit, 5 is an encoding circuit, and 6 is a modulation device for displacement driving.
is a signal input circuit. The signal input circuit 6 is supplied with information signals to be transmitted, such as a speed signal, a direction signal, a rotation signal, a pressure signal, a temperature signal, and a humidity signal, and these various input signals are designated by symbols a,
b,...z are representative. Note that there may be only one signal. The encoding circuit 5 encodes the selected input signal from the signal input circuit 6 and supplies it to the modulation device 3 via the waveform shaping circuit 4. The reflector 2 is driven to be displaced back and forth in the vicinity of the focal point of the radio wave lens 1 by the modulator 3, and its reflectance changes according to the displacement by the modulator 3, thereby modulating the radio waves (electromagnetic waves) reflected here. be able to.

〔Example〕

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention showing a specific example of the reflecting plate and driving device portion used in FIG. 2.

3 shows a reflector that uses a voice coil system to drive a reflector and change the reflectivity of radio waves. This reflector is equipped with a metal reflector 2 that is mechanically displaceable near the focal point P of a radio wave lens 1, and a drive unit 13 that is connected to the metal reflector 2 and is made up of, for example, a movable coil and a permanent magnet. Here, N and S indicate the polarities of the permanent magnet.

Now, when an alternating current sine wave is applied to the drive device 13, the metal reflection plate 2 is mechanically displaced in the radio wave travel direction (horizontal direction in the drawing) with the focal point P as the center position. Therefore, the reflector 2 of the radio wave lens 1
The reflection efficiency is highest when the reflection plate 2 is at the focal point P, and decreases as it moves away from the focal point P, and as shown in the figure, the amplitude of the reflected wave is
The amplitude is modulated by the AC sine wave added to the . Therefore, by applying a signal containing desired information to the driving device 13, the reflected wave can be modulated with the desired information. Such a reflector is
If the incident radio waves are linearly polarized waves, it is possible to modulate the reflected waves regardless of the polarization direction.

The operation of the embodiment apparatus when the structure shown in FIG. 3 is used as the reflector 2 having the basic configuration shown in FIG. 2 will be described in more detail with reference to the operation waveform diagram shown in FIG. 4. Here, in order to simplify the explanation, it is assumed that the input signal given to the input circuit 6 is one of the speed signals a of a ship or the like. The speed signal a from the input circuit 6 is encoded by the encoding circuit 5 (for example, 0 knots at 100 Hz, 30 knots at 300 Hz, etc.) and sent to the waveform shaping circuit 4. In the waveform shaping circuit 4, the waveform is shaped into a signal waveform suitable for driving the reflecting plate 2, for example, a rectangular wave, and the signal is sent to the co-tuner 3, which turns the reflecting plate 2 on and off. Since the reflecting plate 2 is provided in a certain range on the large circumference of the radio wave lens 1, the incident radio waves are modulated and reflected in all directions within the horizontal plane. In the figure, assuming that a radar pulse wave is incident from the direction of arrow A, when modulated with the a signal, the reflected radio wave is code-modulated in the encoded form of the a signal, as shown in the figure.

FIGS. 4A to 4D are operational waveform diagrams showing how an incident pulse wave incident on a radio wave lens is modulated and reflected using the reflector 2 shown in FIG. 3. A is an incident pulse wave emitted from a radar device (not shown) and incident on the radio wave lens 1, where the vertical axis shows the amplitude and the horizontal axis shows the time T ₀ (pulse repetition). B shows the signal waveform of the modulation signal applied to the reflection plate 2, which here shows a sine wave. Incident pulse wave entering the radio wave lens 1 (see Figure 4 A)
is reflected by the reflector 2, and the reflected radio wave is amplitude-modulated as shown in FIG. 4B. At the receiver on the radar side, the transmitted signal shown in (b) is reproduced into a signal similar to (a) shown in c by passing it through a low-pass filter, and various information can be transmitted.

As explained above, the present invention uses a radio wave lens having such a reflector in combination with other devices (e.g., pulse radar device, continuous wave radar device, etc.) to obtain information at a remote point, such as atmospheric pressure, It can be applied to things such as temperature, wind power, equipment constants (rotation speed, voltage, current, etc.), ships, and aircraft, and can be used to exchange information such as mutual speed, direction of travel, altitude, etc. for safe navigation.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams showing an application example of the radio wave reflection method according to the present invention.

Figure 5 shows a radio wave reflecting device 1 for transmitting information installed on a buoy A floating on the sea, and on ships B and C navigating on the sea, respectively, to transmit various information to a radar system D on the ground, for example. It is. That is, from buoy A, the buoy name and surrounding environmental information such as temperature, current velocity, wind force, etc. are transmitted. Further, from each of the ships B and C, for example, ship speed and direction signals are transmitted.

In the radar system D, 15 is a radar transmitter, 16 is a transmitting/receiving switching device, 17 is an antenna, 18 is a receiving device, 19 is a switching device, and 20 is a PPI indicator, which mainly produces live video. 21 is also a PPI indicator, but this indicator is especially designed for process video processing of received signals, and arrows and numbers are displayed on all targets that have a radio wave lens related to the present invention. It's set up. Reference numeral 22 denotes a selection device that can automatically or manually, if desired, search only for targets having radio wave reflecting devices according to the present invention, and the azimuth gate and distance gate can be arbitrarily selected. 23 is a processing device for signal processing the raw video from the radar receiving device, which processes the reflected signals from buoy A and vessels B and C, respectively, and gives an instruction to the PPI indicator 21 or data indicator 24. . The data indicator 24 automatically displays each data signal-processed by the processing device 23 according to selection by the selection device 22. If the selection device 22 is automatic,
Each time a radio wave is emitted to a target where a radio wave lens according to the present invention is installed and reflected, the data is displayed on the data indicator 24. Now, consider a case where a radio wave is radiated from the antenna 17 to the ship B, and a reflected signal from B to the antenna 17 is received. It is assumed that the speed signal and direction signal of this ship are input to the radio wave lens 1 of this ship B, and the encoded signals of both, for example, the speed signal, are 0 to 25 knots from 50Hz to
300Hz, and the direction signal is 350Hz to 710Hz for 0 to 360°.
shall be. For convenience, the speed of Vessel B is set to 15 knots (200Hz).
Modulation) The direction is 270° (620Hz modulation). It is assumed that the selection device 22 selects B. At this time, the reflected wave from B is modulated at 200 Hz and 620 Hz and received by the antenna 17, and the signal is transmitted to the receiving device 18 via the transmitter/receiver switch 16.
8, the signal is amplified and detected, and sent to signal processing 23 through selection switch 19. The processor 23 separates the velocity signal and the azimuth signal, reads the encoded data from the fundamental wave component, the velocity and the azimuth, and displays them on the indicator 24. This is the signal processor 23
This can be easily realized by performing signal processing including A/D conversion to indicate speed and direction corresponding to each fundamental wave component.

On the other hand, the process video signal-processed by the signal processor 23 is sent to the PPI indicator 21 and instructed as indicated by points A, B, and C as shown in the figure. Here, at the point indicating ship B, an arrow indicating the traveling direction of the ship is also indicated. Therefore, by comprehensively understanding various data necessary for the operation of the ship B displayed on the indicator 24, safe operation can be performed. Similarly, for the ship C and the buoy A, data necessary for the operation of the ship can be transmitted to the radar D side, and this system is highly effective in preventing ship collisions.

In particular, if the selection device 22 is set to automatic, it is possible to display on the PPI indicator 21 only the targets on which the radio wave reflecting device related to the present invention is installed, which is convenient when detecting only fixed point buoys, etc. It has the characteristic that it can be obtained more accurately than the position. Therefore, if this system is used as a harbor radar for navigational safety of ships or as a collision prevention radar system, it can greatly contribute to the safe navigation of ships.

Figure 6 shows a telemetering system in which the device of the present invention is used to obtain various data on the ground from aircraft or artificial sanitary equipment, remote sensing, or to obtain various data at a certain location (high place) from a remote location. This is an example of application to the head. In the figure, E,
F and G indicate remote points such as buildings and high places. A radio wave reflecting device related to the present invention is installed here, and weather information of the location, data from the repeater, etc. are input to the radio wave lens 1. H indicates a radar device from which continuous waves or pulse waves are emitted.
25 is a radar aerial vehicle, 26 is a transmitting/receiving device, 27 is a signal processing device, and 28 is a display device. In the sky, this radar is assumed to be mounted on an aircraft or artificial satellite. 29 indicates a broadside aircraft, and 30 indicates artificial hygiene.

Now, let us consider a case where the radar device H is located at a remote point from point F in order to obtain weather information on the mountaintop or various information on an unmanned relay station. For convenience, it is assumed that weather information on the mountaintop is input to the radio wave lens 1 at point F. The radio waves from the antenna 25 are irradiated to point F, are modulated by various information on the mountaintop at point F, and are transmitted to the antenna 2.
It is reflected to 5. The signal received by the antenna 25 is amplified and detected by the transmitter/receiver 26, processed by the signal processor 27, and various data are displayed on the display 28.
will be instructed. Since the system operates as a telemeter in which all the necessary information at point F is transmitted to the radar device H side, this system functions as passive telemetering. It goes without saying that the data at point F can be used to transmit not only weather information at the mountaintop but also various data from relay equipment.

Next, in the case of aircraft 29, it is possible to obtain weather information for each point E, F, and G, as well as for each point E, F, and G.
By obtaining positional information indicating the relevant point from each of F and G, the position of the aircraft 29 can always be accurately known and safe navigation is possible.

In addition, if various information for ground remote sensing is input into each radio lens at each point E, F, G, that information will be transmitted to the artificial sanitary 30.
The remote sensing data from this artificial satellite 30 to a specific station on the ground can be transmitted very accurately. That is, by installing the radio wave lens according to the present invention over a wide area and transmitting accurate information at that point to the satellite, it becomes possible to obtain more accurate data for other areas.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, according to the present invention, various types of information from remote locations can be easily obtained without emitting radio waves from the device itself, and there is no problem of radio wave pollution caused by conventional telemeters, etc., so there are industrial advantages. It is extremely large. In addition, since we decided to modulate radio waves using a radio wave reflector, the reflection characteristics will be uniform even when radio waves arrive from a relatively wide area. It has the advantage that it can be applied to moving objects such as buoys without having to face them precisely.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the reflection principle of a conventionally used and well-known radio wave lens, Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the basic structure of the radio wave reflection device according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 is used in Fig. 2. FIG. 4 is an operational waveform diagram of a radio lens using the reflector shown in FIG. 3, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing radio waves according to the present invention. It is an explanatory view showing an example of application of a reflection device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Radio wave lens, P... Focal point, 2... Reflection plate, 3... Modulation device (drive device), 4... Waveform shaping circuit, 5... Encoding circuit, 6... Signal input circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] 1. A radio wave reflecting plate is placed near the focal point of a radio wave lens placed at a fixed point or a moving body, and the radio wave is emitted from a radar device located at a point away from the fixed point or the moving body. A radio wave reflecting device that reflects the radio wave reflected by the radio wave reflecting plate, further comprising: encoding means for encoding local information regarding a fixed point or a moving object; and a radio wave reflecting plate that moves back and forth near the focal point of the radio wave lens. a driving means for displacing; and controlling the driving means based on information encoded by the encoding means to displace the radio wave reflecting plate back and forth in the vicinity of the focal point of the radio wave lens to generate reflected waves. 1. A radio wave reflecting device comprising: modulation means for applying modulation. 2. Utility model registration claim 1, in which the local information regarding the fixed point includes either information representative of the fixed point or weather information of the point.
The radio wave reflecting device described in section. 3. The radio wave reflecting device according to claim 1, wherein the local information regarding the moving object includes any of identification information of the moving object, information regarding movement, and weather information in the vicinity of the moving object. 4. The radio wave reflecting device according to claim 1, wherein the driving means includes a movable wire coupled to the reflecting plate and a permanent magnet.