JPS6412299B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6412299B2 JPS6412299B2 JP56161675A JP16167581A JPS6412299B2 JP S6412299 B2 JPS6412299 B2 JP S6412299B2 JP 56161675 A JP56161675 A JP 56161675A JP 16167581 A JP16167581 A JP 16167581A JP S6412299 B2 JPS6412299 B2 JP S6412299B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- film
- polymer electrolyte
- molded product
- anionic polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004798 oriented polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VETIYACESIPJSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C VETIYACESIPJSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUASZQPLPKGIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C QUASZQPLPKGIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C=C GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940094506 lauryl betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVEKCXOJTLDBFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyl-n,n-dimethylglycinate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O DVEKCXOJTLDBFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
本発明は、表面が改質された樹脂成形品の製造
方法に関するものである。更に詳しくは、熱可塑
性樹脂成形品の表面に、防曇性を附与し、併せて
この防曇性を長期間にわたつて持続させることを
目的とした成形品の製造方法に関するものであ
る。
従来から、種々の熱可塑性樹脂が工業的に製造
され、広い分野に使用されてきている。これら熱
可塑性樹脂より製造した成形品の多くは、その表
面が疎水性であるため、成形品を使用する温度、
湿度等の条件によつては、表面に曇りを生じ、
種々の不都合をきたしている。例えば、合成樹脂
レンズを使用しているゴーグル、安全マスク等で
は、曇りのために視界がきかなくなつたり、食品
包装用フイルムでは、曇りのために内容物が見に
くくなる。また、温室に用いられている農業用フ
イルムでは、曇りのために太陽光線の透過が悪く
なり、植物の生育を遅くしたり、水滴が栽培植物
に落下することにより、幼芽が害をうけたり、病
害の発生の原因となつたりする。
このような不都合を解消するためには、熱可塑
性樹脂成形品の表面に、防曇性を賦与すればよい
ことが知られている。熱可塑性樹脂成形品表面に
防曇性を賦与するには、熱可塑性合成樹脂に、界
面活性剤のような親水性物質を練り込んで成形品
とする方法、又は成形品とした後にその表面に、
親水性物質もしくは水溶性高分子を塗布する方法
が採用されている。
しかしながら、前者の方法では、熱可塑性樹脂
に練り込まれた親水性物質は、成形品表面に滲出
し、配位して、成形品に防曇性を附与するが、水
によつて流し去られてしまい易く、時間の経過と
ともに防曇性が悪くなるという欠点がある。他
方、後者の方法では、塗布する親水性物質又は水
溶性高分子物は水に溶け易いため、塗布直後は優
れた防曇性を発揮するが、水によつて流し去られ
易く、時間の経過とともに防曇性は低下する。こ
の問題を解決するために、塗布する親水性物質又
は水溶性高分子の水に対する溶解性を少くするこ
とが試みられているが、このようにすると防曇性
そのものも同時に低下してしまうので、満足すべ
き改良法とはいえない。このほか、成形品の表面
に塗布した水溶性高分子を、架橋させることによ
り、水に対する溶解性を少くする方法も提案され
ている。しかし、この方法が採用できるのは、特
定の構造をもつた水溶性高分子に限られるほか、
成形品表面に塗布した後に、塗布面に架橋反応を
おこさせなければならず、工程が繁雑となり、好
ましい方法とはいえない。
本発明者らは、かかる状況にあつて、熱可塑性
樹脂成形品の表面に防曇性を賦与し、かつ、この
防曇性を長期にわたつて持続させる工業的に有利
な方法を提供することを目的として、鋭意検討し
た結果完成したものである。
しかして本発明の要旨とするところは、表面を
改質した樹脂成形品を製造するにあたり、成形品
の表面に、水に不溶で有機溶媒に可溶なアニオン
性高分子電解質の皮膜を形成し、この皮膜の上
に、カチオン界面活性剤を吸着させることを特徴
とする表面が改質された樹脂成形品の製造方法に
存する。
以下本発明を詳細に説明するに、本発明におい
て樹脂とは、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポ
リスチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデ
ン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリア
ミド類、ポリアセタール、ポリエステル類などの
熱可塑性樹脂をいうが、これら例示されたものに
限定されるものではない。
本発明において成形品とは、上記熱可塑性樹脂
の成形品であればいずれでもよく、成形品の形
状、寸法等に制約があるものではない。成形品の
うち、フイルムシート、プレート等は、本発明を
適用するのが容易であり、好ましい。
本発明においては、まず、熱可塑性樹脂成形品
の少なくとも一方の表面に、水に不溶で有機溶媒
に可溶なアニオン性高分子電解質の皮膜を形成す
る。このアニオン性高分子電解質の皮膜は、後述
するカチオン界面活性剤を吸着する機能を果すも
のである。
アニオン性高分子電解質には、水に不溶であつ
て有機溶媒には可溶なものを選ぶ必要がある。水
に可溶であると、水に溶け出して流失してしま
い、成形品の防曇性を持続させることができない
ので好ましくなく、有機溶媒に可溶でないと、成
形品表面に被膜を形成しにくいからである。
一般に、高分子電解質と呼ばれているものは、
多くの電離基をもつた高分子物質であり、水に溶
けて、多くの電荷を持つた高分子イオンと低分子
イオンに解離する。多くの電離基を持つた高分子
電解質は、水に可溶であるが、通常の有機溶媒に
は不溶である。このような高分子電解質を成形品
表面に塗布すると、成形品表面に付着する水分に
溶け、流失してしまう。
高分子電解質であつても、電離基の数を少なく
すると、このものの溶媒に対する溶解性に大きな
変化が生じ、水には不溶で、ある種の有機溶媒、
例えば極性溶媒や、極性溶媒と水との混合物等に
は溶けるという性質を示し、これらの溶媒の中で
は、高分子電解質の特性を示す。
アニオン性高分子電解質であつて、水に不溶で
あつて有機溶媒に可溶なものを製造するには、次
のいずれかの方法によつて可能である。
(1) アニオン性の電離基を持つた単量体と、電離
基を持たないビニル系単量体とを共重合させる
方法。
例えば、スチレンスルホン酸ナトリウムとビ
ニル系単量体とを共重合させる方法。
共重合しうるビニル系単量体としては、メチ
ルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、n―プ
ロピルアクリレート、i―プロピルアクリレー
ト、i―ブチルアクリレート、シクロヘキシル
アクリレート、2―エチルヘキシルアクリレー
ト等のアクリル酸アルキルエステル類;メチル
メタアクリレート、エチルメタアクリレート、
n―プロピルメタアクリレート、i―プロピル
メタアクリレート、i―ブチルメタアクリレー
ト、シクロヘキシルメタアクリレート、2―エ
チルヘキシルメタアクリレート等のメタアクリ
ル酸アルキルエステル類;2―ヒドロキシエチ
ルアクリレート、2―ヒドロキシプロピルアク
リレート、ジエチレングリコールモノアクリレ
ート、トリエチレングリコールモノアクリレー
ト、テトラエチレングリコールモノアクリレー
ト等のヒドロキシル基含有アクリル酸アルキル
エステル類;アクリル酸、メタアクリル酸、イ
タコン酸、フマール酸、アクリロニトリル、メ
タアクリロニトリル、スチレン、塩化ビニル等
があげられるが、これら例示したものに限定さ
れるものではない。
共重合体を製造するには、懸濁重合法、乳化
重合法、溶液重合法、塊状重合法等、従来から
公知の方法を採用することができる。
(2) アニオン性高分子電解質に、電離基を持たな
いビニル系単量体をグラフト反応させる方法。
アニオン性高分子電解質としては、アルギン
酸ソーダ、カルボキシメチルセルローズのナト
リウム塩、硫酸セルローズ塩、ポリアクリル酸
及びそのナトリウム塩、ポリメタアクリル酸及
びそのナトリウム塩、マレイン酸共重合体のナ
トリウム塩、ポリスチレンスルホン酸のナトリ
ウム塩、ポリアクリルアミド部分加水分解のナ
トリウム塩などがあげられる。これらを有機溶
媒又は有機溶媒と水との混合物に溶解、分散さ
せて、(1)に挙げたビニル系単量体をグラフトさ
せる。
(3) 電離基を持たない高分子に、カルボキシル
基、スルホン酸基、硫酸エステル基を導入する
方法。
(4) 高分子の分子鎖中に持つているカルボキシル
基、スルホン酸基を中和する方法。
本発明方法では、成形品の表面に、上の方法で
製造した水に不溶で有機溶媒に可溶なアニオン性
高分子電解質皮膜を形成する。成形品の表面に形
成する皮膜は、表面全面にわたつてもよいし、表
面の一部であつてもよい。
成形品の表面に皮膜を形成するには、上記水に
不溶で有機溶媒に可溶なアニオン性高分子電解質
を、有機溶媒に溶かして、成形品に塗布する。こ
の際使用しうる有機溶媒としては、テトラヒドロ
フラン、ジオキサン、塩化メチレン、シクロヘキ
サノン、イソプロピルアルコール、ジメチルホル
ムアミド、アセトン等があげられる。これらは、
単独で、又は水と混合して使用することができ
る。
成形品表面に皮膜を形成する方法は、通常この
種皮膜を形成する際に採用されている技術によつ
て塗布し、有機溶媒を飛散させる方法を採用する
ことができる。塗布方法は、ロールコート法、ス
プレイコート法、デイツプコート法、ナイフコー
ト法等の中から成形品の大きさ、形状等に応じ
て、適宜選択することができる。有機溶媒を飛散
させるには、熱風乾燥法、赤外線照射による乾燥
法等を採用することができる。
このようにして成形品の表面に形成させる皮膜
の厚さは、数ミクロンないし数十ミクロンの範囲
とするのが好ましい。
本発明においては、上記方法によつて成形品表
面に形成させた皮膜上に、カチオン界面活性剤を
吸着させる。これは、成形品表面にさきに形成し
たアニオン性高分子電解質が、水に不溶であるた
め、これのみでは、成形品表面に充分な防曇性を
賦与することができないからである。
カチオン性界面活性剤は、水溶液中で界面活性
を示す部分がカチオンに解離するものである。具
体的には、第1級アミン塩類、第3級アミン塩
類、第4級アンモニウム塩類、ピリジン誘導体等
があげられるが、これら例示したものに限られる
ものではない。
上記カチオン界面活性剤を、成形品表面の大き
さに形成した皮膜上に吸着させるには、カチオン
界面活性剤を、水、又はアルコール類のような特
定の有機溶媒に溶解し、前述の成形品表面上にア
ニオン性高分子電解質皮膜を形成すると同様の方
法で塗布すればよい。
カチオン界面活性剤の電離基と、成形品表面に
既に形成されているアニオン性高分子電解質の皮
膜の電離基とは、正確に対応させる必要はなく、
カチオン界面活性剤の電離基が圧倒的に多くても
よい。
本発明は次のような効果を奏し、その産業上の
利用価値は極めて大である。
(1) 本発明方法は、熱可塑性樹脂成形品の表面
に、水に不溶で有機溶媒に可溶なアニオン性高
分子電解質の皮膜を形成し、この皮膜の上に、
カチオン界面活性剤を吸着させる方法を採用す
るので、製造工程が繁雑でなく、工業的に有利
である。
(2) 本発明方法によつて得られる成形品の表面
は、アニオン性高分子電解質とカチオン界面活
性剤との組み合せによつて、表面が改質されて
いるので、成形品の表面のぬれが大幅に改良さ
れ、成形品表面に付着した水滴は薄膜状にされ
るので、防曇性が優れたものとなる。
(3) 本発明方法によつて得られる成形品の表面
は、下地として形成された皮膜が、水に不溶の
アニオン性高分子電解質よりなるので、この皮
膜が水によつて流失することがない。また、こ
の皮膜に吸着させたカチオン界面活性剤は、ア
ニオン性高分子電解質とイオン的に吸着されて
いるので、このものも水によつて流失しにく
い。これにより、成形品表面の防曇性は、長期
間持続される。
以下本発明を、実施例に基いて詳細に説明する
が、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の例
に限定されるものではない。なお、以下の実施例
で用いたアニオン性高分子電解質は、以下に示す
合成例によつて合成したものである。
合成例 1
(アクリル系アニオン性高分子電解質の合成)
環流器、撹拌器の付いた容量500mlの三口フラ
スコに、250gのイソプロピルアルコールを加え
た。これに、
メチルメタアクリレート 60g
ブチルメタアクリレート 30g
メタアクリル酸 10g
を加え、窒素シール下、撹拌しながら80℃で8時
間反応させた。
反応終了後、メタアクリル酸成分の半量が中和
される量の水酸化ナトリウムを加え、生成した重
合体を電解質化した。
生成物は、水に不溶であり、アセトン、アルコ
ール類、酢酸エチルに可溶であつた。
生成物を、イソプロピルアルコールの2重量%
の溶液となるように調製した。
合成例 2
(無水マレイン酸系アニオン性高分子電解質の
合成)
市販されているスチレン―無水マレイン酸共重
合体(無水マレイン酸含有率25重量%)を、アセ
トンに溶解し、無水マレイン酸基の20%が中和さ
れる様に、水酸化ナトリウムを添加し、共重合体
を電解質化した。
この生成物は、水に不溶で、アセトン、ジメチ
ルホルムアミド、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサ
ンに可溶であつた。
生成物をテトラヒドロフラン―水の重量比で8
対1の割合の混合溶剤に溶かし、2重量%の溶液
とした。
合成例 3
(スチレン系アニオン性高分子電解質の合成)
スチレン95重量%とスチレンスルホン酸ナトリ
ウム5重量%との単量体混合物を、乳化重合法に
よつて重合させ、共重合物を得た。
この共重合物は、水に不溶でアセトン、ジメチ
ルホルムアミド、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサ
ン等に可溶であつた。
生成物をテトラヒドロフラン―水の重量比で8
対1の割合の混合溶剤に溶かし、2重量%の溶液
とした。
実施例 1〜5
厚さ0.1mmの軟質ポリ塩化ビニルフイルム(三
菱モンサント化成(株)製、有滴ビニール)の片面
に、前記合成例に示したアニオン性高分子電解質
(いずれも2重量%の溶液としたもの)をロール
コート法によつて塗布し、120℃の温度で乾燥し
た。
上のようにフイルムの片面にアニオン性高分子
電解質の皮膜を形成し、この皮膜上に、第1表に
示したように、種々のカチオン界面活性剤の5重
量%水溶液を、スプレーコート法によつて塗布
し、80℃の温度で乾燥した。
このように調製したフイルムを、水温を50℃に
保つた水槽上に、塗布面を下側にして、水面に対
して5度の傾斜角を形成するように展張し、フイ
ルム塗布面への水滴の凝縮状況を肉眼で観察し
た。時間の経過と防曇性の観察結果を第1表に示
した。
第1表において、防曇持続性の表示は次のよう
な意味を有する。
A……展張直後最も優れた防曇性を示したもの
を基準として、同等の防曇性を示すも
の。
B……展張直後最も優れた防曇性を示したもの
を基準として、8割程度の防曇性を示す
もの。
C……展張直後最も優れた防曇性を示したもの
を基準として、6割程度の防曇性を示す
もの。
D……展張直後最も優れた防曇性を示したもの
を基準として、4割程度の防曇性を示す
もの。
E……展張直後最も優れた防曇性を示したもの
を基準として、2割程度以下の防曇性を
示すもの。
比較例 1〜3
上の実施例で用いたのと同じ軟質ポリ塩化ビニ
ルフイルムに、水に不溶で有機溶媒に可溶なアニ
オン性高分子電解質の皮膜を形成しないもの(比
較例1)、水に可溶なアニオン性高分子電解質で
あるアルギン酸ソーダの2重量%酸性水溶液によ
つて皮膜を形成したもの(比較例2)及び合成例
1に示したものを用いて皮膜を形成したもの(比
較例3)とを準備した。
これら3種のフイルムのうち比較例1及び比較
例3の2種のフイルムについて、更に、上の実施
例に記したと同様の手法で、カチオン界面活性剤
を吸着させた。
これら3種のフイルムについても、上の実施例
に示したと同じ手法で、防曇持続性を評価した。
結果を第1表に示す。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a surface-modified resin molded article. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a thermoplastic resin molded article for the purpose of imparting antifogging properties to the surface of the molded article and maintaining this antifogging property for a long period of time. Conventionally, various thermoplastic resins have been industrially manufactured and used in a wide range of fields. Many of the molded products made from these thermoplastic resins have hydrophobic surfaces, so the temperature at which the molded product is used,
Depending on conditions such as humidity, the surface may become cloudy.
This has caused various inconveniences. For example, goggles, safety masks, etc. that use synthetic resin lenses may become cloudy, making it difficult to see, and food packaging films may become cloudy, making it difficult to see the contents. In addition, with agricultural films used in greenhouses, cloudy weather impairs the penetration of sunlight, slowing down plant growth, and causing water droplets to fall on cultivated plants, causing damage to young shoots. , and may cause disease outbreaks. In order to eliminate such inconveniences, it is known that antifogging properties may be imparted to the surface of thermoplastic resin molded articles. In order to impart antifogging properties to the surface of a thermoplastic resin molded product, it is possible to knead a hydrophilic substance such as a surfactant into the thermoplastic synthetic resin to make the molded product, or to add antifogging properties to the surface of the molded product after forming the molded product. ,
A method of applying a hydrophilic substance or a water-soluble polymer has been adopted. However, in the former method, the hydrophilic substance kneaded into the thermoplastic resin exudes onto the surface of the molded product and coordinates, giving the molded product antifogging properties, but it is washed away by water. The drawback is that the antifogging properties deteriorate over time. On the other hand, in the latter method, the applied hydrophilic substance or water-soluble polymer is easily soluble in water, so it exhibits excellent antifogging properties immediately after application, but it is easily washed away by water and deteriorates over time. Along with this, the antifogging property decreases. In order to solve this problem, attempts have been made to reduce the solubility of hydrophilic substances or water-soluble polymers in water, but this also reduces the antifogging properties themselves. This cannot be said to be a satisfactory improvement method. In addition, a method has been proposed in which a water-soluble polymer applied to the surface of a molded article is crosslinked to reduce its solubility in water. However, this method is only applicable to water-soluble polymers with specific structures.
After coating the surface of the molded article, a crosslinking reaction must occur on the coated surface, which makes the process complicated and is not a preferred method. Under such circumstances, the present inventors have provided an industrially advantageous method for imparting antifogging properties to the surface of a thermoplastic resin molded product and maintaining this antifogging property over a long period of time. It was completed as a result of intensive study. However, the gist of the present invention is to form a film of an anionic polymer electrolyte that is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents on the surface of the molded product when producing a surface-modified resin molded product. , a method for producing a surface-modified resin molded article, which comprises adsorbing a cationic surfactant onto the film. The present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, resin refers to thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polycarbonate, polyamides, polyacetal, and polyesters. However, the invention is not limited to these examples. In the present invention, the molded product may be any molded product made of the above thermoplastic resin, and there are no restrictions on the shape, dimensions, etc. of the molded product. Among the molded products, film sheets, plates, etc. are preferable because the present invention can be easily applied thereto. In the present invention, first, a film of an anionic polymer electrolyte that is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents is formed on at least one surface of a thermoplastic resin molded article. This anionic polymer electrolyte film functions to adsorb a cationic surfactant, which will be described later. It is necessary to select an anionic polymer electrolyte that is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. If it is soluble in water, it will dissolve in water and be washed away, making it impossible to maintain the antifogging properties of the molded product, which is undesirable.If it is not soluble in organic solvents, it will form a film on the surface of the molded product. This is because it is difficult. Generally, what is called a polymer electrolyte is
It is a polymer substance with many ionizable groups, and when dissolved in water, it dissociates into highly charged polymer ions and low molecular ions. Polyelectrolytes with many ionizable groups are soluble in water but insoluble in common organic solvents. When such a polymer electrolyte is applied to the surface of a molded article, it dissolves in water adhering to the surface of the molded article and is washed away. Even if it is a polymer electrolyte, reducing the number of ionizable groups will cause a significant change in its solubility in solvents; it is insoluble in water, and in some organic solvents,
For example, it exhibits the property of being soluble in polar solvents and mixtures of polar solvents and water, and exhibits the properties of polymer electrolytes in these solvents. Anionic polymer electrolytes that are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents can be produced by any of the following methods. (1) A method of copolymerizing a monomer with an anionic ionizable group and a vinyl monomer without an ionizable group. For example, a method of copolymerizing sodium styrene sulfonate and a vinyl monomer. Examples of copolymerizable vinyl monomers include acrylic acid alkyl esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, i-propyl acrylate, i-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate; methyl methacrylate; acrylate, ethyl methacrylate,
Methacrylic acid alkyl esters such as n-propyl methacrylate, i-propyl methacrylate, i-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate; 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, diethylene glycol mono Hydroxyl group-containing acrylic acid alkyl esters such as acrylate, triethylene glycol monoacrylate, and tetraethylene glycol monoacrylate; examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, styrene, vinyl chloride, etc. However, it is not limited to these examples. In order to produce the copolymer, conventionally known methods such as suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, and bulk polymerization can be employed. (2) A method in which a vinyl monomer that does not have an ionizable group is grafted onto an anionic polymer electrolyte. Examples of anionic polymer electrolytes include sodium alginate, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, cellulose sulfate salt, polyacrylic acid and its sodium salt, polymethacrylic acid and its sodium salt, maleic acid copolymer sodium salt, and polystyrene sulfone. Examples include sodium salts of acids and sodium salts of partial hydrolysis of polyacrylamide. These are dissolved and dispersed in an organic solvent or a mixture of an organic solvent and water to graft the vinyl monomers listed in (1). (3) A method of introducing carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, and sulfate ester groups into polymers that do not have ionizable groups. (4) A method of neutralizing carboxyl groups and sulfonic acid groups in the molecular chains of polymers. In the method of the present invention, an anionic polymer electrolyte film produced by the above method that is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents is formed on the surface of a molded article. The film formed on the surface of the molded article may cover the entire surface, or may cover only a portion of the surface. To form a film on the surface of a molded article, the anionic polymer electrolyte that is insoluble in water and soluble in an organic solvent is dissolved in an organic solvent and applied to the molded article. Examples of organic solvents that can be used in this case include tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methylene chloride, cyclohexanone, isopropyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, and acetone. these are,
It can be used alone or mixed with water. As a method for forming a film on the surface of a molded product, a method can be employed in which coating is applied by a technique normally employed for forming this kind of film, and an organic solvent is scattered. The coating method can be appropriately selected from roll coating, spray coating, dip coating, knife coating, etc. depending on the size, shape, etc. of the molded product. To scatter the organic solvent, a hot air drying method, a drying method using infrared irradiation, or the like can be employed. The thickness of the film thus formed on the surface of the molded article is preferably in the range of several microns to several tens of microns. In the present invention, a cationic surfactant is adsorbed onto the film formed on the surface of the molded article by the above method. This is because the anionic polymer electrolyte previously formed on the surface of the molded product is insoluble in water, and therefore cannot alone provide sufficient antifogging properties to the surface of the molded product. A cationic surfactant has a surface-active moiety that dissociates into a cation in an aqueous solution. Specific examples include primary amine salts, tertiary amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts, pyridine derivatives, etc., but are not limited to these examples. In order to adsorb the above-mentioned cationic surfactant onto a film formed to the size of the surface of the molded article, the cationic surfactant is dissolved in water or a specific organic solvent such as alcohol, and the above-mentioned molded product is Once an anionic polymer electrolyte film is formed on the surface, it can be applied in the same manner. The ionizable groups of the cationic surfactant and the ionizable groups of the anionic polymer electrolyte film already formed on the surface of the molded product do not need to correspond exactly;
The cationic surfactant may have an overwhelmingly large number of ionizable groups. The present invention has the following effects and has extremely great industrial utility value. (1) The method of the present invention involves forming a film of an anionic polymer electrolyte that is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents on the surface of a thermoplastic resin molded article, and on this film,
Since a method of adsorbing a cationic surfactant is adopted, the manufacturing process is not complicated and is industrially advantageous. (2) The surface of the molded product obtained by the method of the present invention is modified by the combination of anionic polymer electrolyte and cationic surfactant, so that the surface of the molded product does not become wet. This has been greatly improved, and water droplets adhering to the surface of the molded product are turned into a thin film, resulting in excellent antifogging properties. (3) On the surface of the molded product obtained by the method of the present invention, the film formed as a base is made of an anionic polymer electrolyte that is insoluble in water, so this film will not be washed away by water. . In addition, since the cationic surfactant adsorbed on this film is ionically adsorbed with the anionic polymer electrolyte, it is also difficult to be washed away by water. As a result, the antifogging property of the molded product surface is maintained for a long period of time. The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof. The anionic polymer electrolyte used in the following examples was synthesized according to the synthesis example shown below. Synthesis Example 1 (Synthesis of acrylic anionic polymer electrolyte) 250 g of isopropyl alcohol was added to a 500 ml three-necked flask equipped with a reflux device and a stirrer. To this were added 60 g of methyl methacrylate, 30 g of butyl methacrylate, and 10 g of methacrylic acid, and the mixture was reacted at 80° C. for 8 hours with stirring under a nitrogen blanket. After the reaction was completed, sodium hydroxide was added in an amount to neutralize half of the methacrylic acid component, and the resulting polymer was made into an electrolyte. The product was insoluble in water and soluble in acetone, alcohols, and ethyl acetate. The product was mixed with 2% by weight of isopropyl alcohol.
The solution was prepared as follows. Synthesis Example 2 (Synthesis of maleic anhydride-based anionic polymer electrolyte) A commercially available styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (maleic anhydride content: 25% by weight) was dissolved in acetone, and the maleic anhydride groups were dissolved. Sodium hydroxide was added to electrolyte the copolymer so that 20% was neutralized. This product was insoluble in water and soluble in acetone, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane. The weight ratio of the product to tetrahydrofuran to water is 8.
It was dissolved in a mixed solvent at a ratio of 1:1 to form a 2% by weight solution. Synthesis Example 3 (Synthesis of styrenic anionic polymer electrolyte) A monomer mixture of 95% by weight of styrene and 5% by weight of sodium styrene sulfonate was polymerized by emulsion polymerization to obtain a copolymer. This copolymer was insoluble in water and soluble in acetone, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc. The weight ratio of the product to tetrahydrofuran to water is 8.
It was dissolved in a mixed solvent at a ratio of 1:1 to form a 2% by weight solution. Examples 1 to 5 The anionic polymer electrolyte shown in the synthesis example above (both 2% by weight) was coated on one side of a 0.1 mm thick soft polyvinyl chloride film (Mitsubishi Monsanto Chemical Co., Ltd., dripped vinyl). (solution) was applied by roll coating and dried at a temperature of 120°C. A film of anionic polymer electrolyte was formed on one side of the film as above, and 5% by weight aqueous solutions of various cationic surfactants were spray coated onto this film as shown in Table 1. It was then applied and dried at a temperature of 80°C. The film thus prepared was spread over a water tank kept at a water temperature of 50°C, with the coated side facing down, at an angle of 5 degrees with respect to the water surface. The condensation status was observed with the naked eye. Table 1 shows the observation results of antifogging properties over time. In Table 1, the indication of anti-fog durability has the following meanings. A: Those exhibiting anti-fogging properties equivalent to those showing the most excellent anti-fogging properties immediately after spreading. B: Showing anti-fogging properties of about 80% based on the one showing the best anti-fogging properties immediately after spreading. C: Showing about 60% anti-fog property based on the one that showed the best anti-fog property immediately after spreading. D: Showing about 40% anti-fogging property based on the one showing the best anti-fogging property immediately after spreading. E: Those exhibiting anti-fogging properties of about 20% or less based on those exhibiting the most excellent anti-fogging properties immediately after spreading. Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The same flexible polyvinyl chloride film used in the above examples was coated with an anionic polymer electrolyte film that was insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents (Comparative Example 1); A film was formed using a 2% by weight acidic aqueous solution of sodium alginate, an anionic polymer electrolyte soluble in (Comparative Example 2), and a film was formed using the material shown in Synthesis Example 1 (Comparative Example 3) was prepared. Of these three types of films, two types of films, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, were further adsorbed with a cationic surfactant in the same manner as described in the above example. These three types of films were also evaluated for antifogging durability using the same method as shown in the above examples.
The results are shown in Table 1.
【表】
*3 花王石けん(株)製、ラウリルベタ
イン
第1表より、次のことが明らかである。
(1) 本発明方法によつて得られる成形品は、その
表面のぬれ性が大幅に優れ、従つて、優れた防
曇性を示す。
(2) 本発明方法によつて得られる成形品の防曇性
は、時間の経過によつて著しく低下することが
なく、防曇持続性が優れている。
(3) これに対して、比較例に示したものは、表面
ぬれ性も悪く、かつ、防曇持続性も悪い。
実施例 6〜10
厚さ0.18mmの二軸延伸ポリスチレンシート(三
菱モンサント化成(株)製、サントクリヤー)の片面
に、前記合成例に示したアニオン性高分子電解質
(いずれも2%溶液)を、ロールコート法により
塗布し、80℃の温度で乾燥した。
このようにシート片面に形成したアニオン性高
分子電解質の皮膜の上に、第2表に示したよう
に、種々のカチオン界面活性剤の5重量%水溶液
を、スプレー法によつて塗布し、70℃の温度で乾
燥した。
上のように調製したシートを、実施例1〜5に
記したと同様に、50℃に保つた水槽上に、塗布面
を水側に向けて、水面に対して5度傾斜させて展
張し、シート塗布面への水滴の凝縮状況を、肉眼
で観察した。時間の経過と防曇性の観察結果を、
第2表に示した。
第2表における防曇持続性の表示は、第1表の
場合と同じ意義を有する。
比較例 4〜6
上の例で用いたと同種の二軸延伸ポリスチレン
シートに、水に不溶で有機溶媒に可溶なアニオン
性高分子電解質の皮膜を形成しないもの(比較例
4)、形成したもの(比較例5)及び水に可溶な
アニオン性高分子電解質であるアルギン酸ソーダ
2重量%水溶液の皮膜を形成したもの(比較例
6)とを、準備した。
比較例5のシートを除く2種のシートについ
て、上の実施例に記したと同様の手法でカチオン
界面活性剤を吸着させた。
これら3種のシートについても、上の実施例に
示したと同じ手法で防曇持続性を評価した。結果
を第2表に示す。[Table] *3 Manufactured by Kao Soap Co., Ltd., lauryl betaine
From Table 1, the following is clear. (1) The molded article obtained by the method of the present invention has significantly superior surface wettability and therefore exhibits excellent antifogging properties. (2) The antifogging property of the molded article obtained by the method of the present invention does not deteriorate significantly over time and has excellent antifogging durability. (3) On the other hand, those shown in the comparative examples have poor surface wettability and poor anti-fogging durability. Examples 6 to 10 The anionic polymer electrolyte shown in the synthesis example (both 2% solutions) was added to one side of a biaxially oriented polystyrene sheet (manufactured by Mitsubishi Monsanto Chemical Co., Ltd., Santo Clear) with a thickness of 0.18 mm. , applied by roll coating method and dried at a temperature of 80°C. As shown in Table 2, 5% by weight aqueous solutions of various cationic surfactants were applied by spraying onto the anionic polymer electrolyte film formed on one side of the sheet. Dry at a temperature of °C. The sheet prepared as above was spread on a water tank kept at 50°C with the coated side facing the water side and tilted at 5 degrees with respect to the water surface in the same manner as described in Examples 1 to 5. The state of condensation of water droplets on the sheet coating surface was observed with the naked eye. Observation results of anti-fog properties over time.
It is shown in Table 2. The indication of anti-fog durability in Table 2 has the same meaning as in Table 1. Comparative Examples 4 to 6 Biaxially oriented polystyrene sheets of the same type as those used in the above examples were not coated with an anionic polymer electrolyte film that was insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents (Comparative Example 4), and those that were. (Comparative Example 5) and one in which a film of a 2% by weight aqueous solution of sodium alginate, which is a water-soluble anionic polymer electrolyte, was formed (Comparative Example 6) were prepared. A cationic surfactant was adsorbed on two types of sheets except for the sheet of Comparative Example 5 in the same manner as described in the above example. These three types of sheets were also evaluated for antifogging durability using the same method as shown in the above examples. The results are shown in Table 2.
【表】
成形品の樹脂の種類が、第1表に示したものと
は異なるが、第1表で明らかになつた本発明の奏
する効果が、この第2表によつても確認された。[Table] Although the type of resin of the molded product was different from that shown in Table 1, the effects of the present invention revealed in Table 1 were also confirmed in Table 2.
Claims (1)
たり、成形品の表面に、水に不溶で有機溶媒に可
溶なアニオン性高分子電解質の皮膜を形成し、こ
の皮膜の上に、カチオン界面活性剤を吸着させる
ことを特徴とする表面が改質された樹脂成形品の
製造方法。1. In producing surface-modified resin molded products, a film of an anionic polymer electrolyte that is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents is formed on the surface of the molded product, and a cationic interface is formed on this film. A method for producing a resin molded product with a modified surface, characterized by adsorbing an activator.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP56161675A JPS5863728A (en) | 1981-10-09 | 1981-10-09 | Manufacture of surface-modified molded resin article |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP56161675A JPS5863728A (en) | 1981-10-09 | 1981-10-09 | Manufacture of surface-modified molded resin article |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5863728A JPS5863728A (en) | 1983-04-15 |
JPS6412299B2 true JPS6412299B2 (en) | 1989-02-28 |
Family
ID=15739697
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP56161675A Granted JPS5863728A (en) | 1981-10-09 | 1981-10-09 | Manufacture of surface-modified molded resin article |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5863728A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100439580B1 (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2004-07-12 | 학교법인 포항공과대학교 | Method for modifying the surface of a hydrophobic substrate to be hydrophilic |
-
1981
- 1981-10-09 JP JP56161675A patent/JPS5863728A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5863728A (en) | 1983-04-15 |
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