JPS639981Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a switch that automatically switches the power source from the main power source to a standby power source or the like in the event of an abnormality.

Conventionally, existing switches of this type often use two magnets, and are large in shape and weight.
It is also mechanically complex and the distance the contacts have to travel is long, resulting in variations in switching and delays in switching. Furthermore, when using the two magnets described above, the combination of the permanent magnet and the coiled solenoid requires a large area because they are each assembled separately, making it impractical.

This device was created in view of the above problems, and by devising the shape of the solenoid core and the arrangement of the permanent magnets, it enables instantaneous switching, hardly demagnetizes the permanent magnets, and allows switching. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic switching switch which is not damaged even by the impact of time, has no magnetic flux leakage, is reliable in operation, and has an extremely simple overall mechanical configuration. An embodiment of this invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 designates a bottom plate of a switch according to this invention, and support columns 2 and 3 are fixed to the center of both ends of the upper surface of the bottom plate with bolts 4, respectively. Notches 2 are provided above the support columns 2 and 3, respectively.
A, 3a are provided to face each other, and the so-called movable part of the switch, which is constituted by a substantially M-shaped excitation solenoid core 5, is supported and fixed by the notches 2a, 3a. . The excitation solenoid core 5 is approximately M-shaped as described above, and the central column 5
An excitation coil 6 is wound around a, while permanent magnets 7 and 8 are placed on the lower surfaces of the iron columns 5b and 5c on both sides, respectively.
is fixed so as to partially cover the adjacent opening. The magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 7 and 8 are arranged so that different magnetic poles face each other. A movable iron core 9 is rotatably attached to the lower part of the center column 5a, and in this embodiment is configured to move like a pendulum in the direction of the permanent magnets 7 and 8.
Spacers 10 and 10' made of a non-magnetic material are fixed to the central column 5a sides of the permanent magnets 7 and 8 with bolts 11, respectively, while spacers 10 and 10' made of a non-magnetic material are fixed to the lower surface of each of them by a material with a low residual property and tapered at one end. Fixed iron cores 12 and 12' are fixed with their tapered portions facing the movable iron core 9 and open at the bottom. A contact support plate 13 is fixed to the lower surface of the movable core 9, and a substantially U-shaped movable electrode 16, 1 having an arc-resistant metal 15 at the tip is attached via a width spring 14.
6' is pivotally mounted so that the arc-resistant metals 15 are arranged in a row, four in total. That is, they are arranged as shown in the schematic configuration diagram of FIG. Further, at appropriate locations on the bottom plate 1, there is a substantially L-shaped electrode 18 connected to the conductive part 17 of the main current, and a conductive part 19 of the backup power source.
Approximately L-shaped electrodes 20 connected to the electrodes 18 and 20 are provided facing each other, and contact plates 21 and 22 are provided at locations where the electrodes 18 and 20 contact the arc-resistant metal 15, respectively.

Therefore, when the main power supply is normal, current flows in a fixed direction through the excitation coil 6, but if an abnormality occurs, the excitation coil 6 is connected to an appropriate power supply circuit (not shown) so that the current flows in the opposite direction to the excitation coil 6. This is what is being done.

In the embodiment of this invention related to the above structure,
Now, the N pole of the permanent magnet 7 and the S pole of the permanent magnet 8 are installed so as to face each other, and the current flowing through the excitation coil 6 is set so that it flows clockwise when the main power supply is normal. To explain the operating situation in this case, Fig _{. 4} shows the state when the main power supply _is normal. 8 is the induced magnetic flux, and S and N indicate the S pole and N pole, respectively. Under this state, the directions of φ ₁ , φ ₂ , and φ ₃ are the directions of the arrows in the figure, and the movable iron core 9 is attracted to the permanent magnet 7 side by the attractive force of the permanent magnet 7 and the exciting current of the exciting coil 6. has been done.

Next, φ ₂ becomes 0 just before an abnormality occurs in the main power supply and the current flowing through the exciting coil 6 reverses.
Due to φ ₁ and φ ₃ , the movable iron core 9 continues to be a permanent magnet 7.
It is attracted to the side.

However, once the current flowing through the excitation coil 6 starts flowing counterclockwise, the direction of φ ₂ is also reversed, and φ ₁ and φ ₂
, and on the other hand, φ ₃ also moves from the permanent magnet 8 to the center column 5a, so the movable iron core 9 separates from the permanent magnet 7 as shown in FIG. 5 and is immediately attracted to the permanent magnet 8 side, and once attracted Once it is done, the rest is φ ₂
Even if the current flowing through the excitation coil 6 is stopped and φ ₂ becomes 0, the moving iron core 9 continues to be moved by the permanent magnet 8 due to φ ₁ and φ ₃ .
It continues to be attracted to the side. Therefore, the arc-proof metal 15 at the tip of the movable electrodes 16, 16' attached to the movable iron core 9 comes into contact with the contact plate 22 of the backup power source, and the main power source is switched to the backup power source.

If you look at this structure and operating conditions, the following advantages are obvious.

First, since there are fewer mechanical components, the probability of failure is naturally reduced, making it extremely reliable. Furthermore, since the permanent magnets 7 and 8 are fixed, and according to the above embodiment, it is the fixed cores 12 and 12' that actually come into contact with the movable core 9, the permanent magnets 7 and 8 are not damaged by the shock. do not have.

Further, since the contact surfaces of the fixed cores 12 and 12' that come into contact are tapered, the contact area is large, and the movable core 9 can be attracted more reliably. Moreover, since the movable core 9 is provided close to the lower part of the excitation coil 6 wound around the center column 5a of the approximately M-shaped excitation solenoid core 5, so-called magnetic flux leakage is small and the effectiveness is high. The time required to switch from the main power source to the standby power source is also extremely short. Also permanent magnet 7,
Magnetic flux approaching and opposing the permanent magnets 7, 8
Since the current flows to the magnet 8 for only a moment, the permanent magnets 7 and 8 are hardly demagnetized.

Furthermore, when the movable iron core 9 is attracted, the attraction force is due to both the permanent magnets 7 and 8 and the exciting current flowing through the exciting coil 6.
The current consumption required by the excitation coil 6 can also be reduced.
Moreover, in the above embodiment, the structure of the current flowing through the exciting coil 6 (not shown) is changed so that the movable iron core 9 is attracted by the attractive force of only the permanent magnet 7 during normal operation, and only when an abnormality occurs. If a counterclockwise current is caused to flow through the excitation coil 6, the current consumption required by the excitation coil 6 can be further reduced. Regarding the contact points, in the above embodiment, the movable electrode 16 is pivotally mounted via the wipe spring 14, so that the shock at the time of contact is alleviated.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the effect of this invention can be obtained even if the number of contacts is two and the conductive part is connected to the movable electrodes 16, 16' by a braided wire.

As mentioned above, this device uses an approximately M-shaped excitation solenoid core 5, and around this core, excitation coils 6, permanent magnets 7, 8, movable core 9, etc. are skillfully arranged, and magnetic flux is effectively utilized. Although it has a simple configuration, its effects cannot be achieved with conventional existing devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional front view of the switch according to the above embodiment, FIG. 2 is a side view, FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the arrangement of contacts, etc., FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. The figure is an explanatory diagram of main parts showing the operating condition of the above embodiment. In the figure, 5 is an excitation solenoid core, 6 is an excitation coil, 7 and 8 are permanent magnets, 9 is a movable core, and 13
is a contact support plate, 15 is an arc-resistant metal, 16, 16'
is a movable electrode, and 18 and 20 are electrodes.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] An excitation coil is wound around the center column of the approximately M-shaped solenoid core, and a movable core is rotatably attached to the lower end of the center column of the solenoid core in close proximity to the lower part of the excitation coil. An electrode plate is connected to the lower part by an appropriate member, and permanent magnets are fixed to the lower ends of both sides of the solenoid core so that different magnetic poles face each other, and the movable magnet rotates between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet. The permanent magnet or a suitable cover member with which the iron core comes into contact has a tapered shape, and furthermore, a predetermined electrode is located on the rotation line of the electrode plate by narrowing the electrode plate. Automatic switching switch.