JPS638925Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an observation tool that can project and observe the movements of the sun and moon over the year and the phases of the moon.

Conventionally, large observation devices such as planetariums have been used to project and observe the sun and moon, but these devices have not been used to help school children easily understand the movements of the sun and moon, the phases of the moon, etc. It wasn't appropriate.

The present invention was devised in view of these circumstances, and provides a projection observation tool for the sun and moon that allows one to easily understand the annual movements of the sun and moon and the principles behind the waxing and waning of the moon. It is something.

For this reason, the present invention includes a dome having a projection surface, a base having a time display board tilted at an angle (α) corresponding to the inclination of the celestial equator with respect to the horizon, and a base that rotates around the center of the time display board. A movable main date plate and a main date plate integrated with the main date plate calculate the mid-south altitude of the sun's orbit as seen from the earth at the angle (α) ± A sub-date plate tilted at an angle (β) with respect to the time display plate to be set at the ecliptic inclination (β), and a projection surface of the dome, which is rotatable around the center of rotation of the sub-date plate. A solar projector for projecting the sun, a lunar sheet fixed around the center of rotation of the sun projector, and a lunar sheet that is rotatable around the center of rotation of the sun projector, and that is provided through each lunar hole of the lunar sheet. It is equipped with a moon projector that projects the moon onto the projection surface of the dome.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. 1 in the figure is a display section 1 indicating the east-west direction.
It is a dome which has a concave spherical projection surface 1c in the south direction on the horizontal plane. 2 has display parts 3a and 3b showing the north-south direction in a vertical plane perpendicular to the east-west display lines 1a and 1b of the dome 1, and clockwise from the south direction display part 3a for one day from 12:00 a.m. This is a base with a time display plate 3 that sequentially displays the time 3c at equal intervals over the entire circumference. This time display board 3 is tilted in the north-south vertical direction at an angle (α) corresponding to the tilt of the celestial equator with respect to the horizon. Further, a reference line 2b is displayed on the horizontal leg 2a of the base 2, which is aligned with a line A connecting the east-west display lines 1a and 1b of the dome 1, and is used to position the base 2 with respect to the dome 1. ing.

4 is rotatably provided around the center of the time display plate 3, and sequentially displays dates 4a from January to December counterclockwise at equal intervals over the entire circumference, as well as summer solstice and winter solstice lines 4b, 4c, and by fitting the protrusion 4d protruding from the center of the lower surface of the main date plate 4 into the fitting hole 3d of the time display plate 3, the main date plate 4 can be adjusted. is rotated around the center of the time display plate 3 without coming off. 5 is
It is provided integrally with the main date plate 4 via an upright plate 5b, and displays the same date 5a at the same angular position corresponding to the date 4a of the main date plate 4,
An angle is made with respect to the time display plate 3 in order to set the mid-south altitude of the solar orbit as seen from the earth at the angle (α) ± ecliptic inclination (β) at a position where the summer solstice and winter solstice lines 4c and 4d face due south. It is a secondary date plate tilted at (β). 6 is rotatably provided around the center of the sub-date plate 5, and has a date indicator 6a for indicating the date 5a on the sub-date plate 5, and an internal light source 7 at the same angular position as the date indicator 6a. It has a solar projection barrel 6b for projecting onto the projection surface 1c of the dome 1, and the same angular position as the solar projection barrel 6b around the center of rotation is 0, and the angular position 180° from the solar projection barrel 6b is 15. , 3, 8, 12, 15, 18, 22, and
It is a solar projector that sequentially displays 27 moon phases 6c at equal intervals counterclockwise around the entire circumference. That is, this solar projector 6 has an upper case 6e mounted on a lower case 6d, and a vertically divided shaft 5c protruding from the center of the lower surface of the sub-date plate 5 in a fitting hole 6f of the lower case 6d.
By fitting them together, the sun projector 6 can be rotated around the center of the sub-date plate 5 without coming off. Furthermore, a light source 7 consisting of a miniature light bulb and a battery 9 connected to the light source 7 via a switch 8 are housed in the cases 6d and 6e. Battery 9
A current flows from the light source bulb 7 to the light source bulb 7 to light the light source bulb 7. The light generated by the light source 7 is projected through a convex lens 10a attached to the tip of a solar projection tube 6b formed by protruding parts of the cases 6d and 6e. Also, if the moon age is 6c, the upper case 6
displayed on the top of e.

11 indicates each moon age 3, 8, 12, 15, 18, 22 at the same angular position as the moon age display 6c except for moon age 0.
and 27, and the moon phase holes 11b, 11c, 11 of the shape of the moon (indicated by a solid line in the developed view of FIG. 7) corresponding to
d, 11e, 11f, 11g, and 11h are formed with openings and are fixed around the center of rotation of the solar projector 6. This is a moon phase sheet made of a non-transparent material. That is, this moon phase sheet 11 has a shape shown in FIG. 7, and is made into a cylindrical shape and stands upright inside the circular protrusion 6g that protrudes around the center of rotation on the upper surface of the upper case 6e of the solar projector 6. The lunar holes 11b to 11h are set at
It is positioned in the circumferential direction in accordance with the moon phase display 6c of ~27, and is fixed to the solar projector 6 at this position. Note that a portion 11a of the moon phase sheet 11 corresponding to moon phase 0 (new moon) is not opened.A portion 12 is provided to cover the moon phase sheet 11 and is rotatable around the center of rotation of the solar projector 6, and is provided with a hole for each of the moon phases. 11b~1
1h selectively locates the internal light source 7 in the lunar hole 11
This is a moon projection body having a moon projection hole 12a through which the moon is projected onto the projection surface 1c of the dome 1 through 11h. That is, the moon projection body 12 has an open end 12b of a shallow cylindrical body with one end open, and the circular protrusion 6g.
By fitting between the circular protrusion 6g on the solar projector 6 and the engagement protrusion 6i protruding outward, the large-diameter stepped portion 12c of the open end 12b is fitted to the engagement protrusion 6i.
are engaged so that they do not come off unnecessarily and are rotated around the center of rotation of the solar projector 6. Further, the upper case 6e of the solar projector 6 is formed with a through hole 6j facing the light source 7 and fitted with a convex lens 10b, and the moon projector 1 facing the through hole 6j is formed.
A reflecting mirror 13 is fixedly installed inside the moon projection hole 12a to receive the light from the light source 7 through the through hole 6j and the convex lens 10b and reflect it toward the moon projection hole 12a. In addition, the moon projection body 12 is provided with a display line 12d and a protrusion 12e for displaying the position of the moon projection hole 12a, and the moon projection hole 12a is positioned to match each moon phase display 6c from 0 to 27, and the moon is projected indiscriminately. In order to prevent the body 12 from rotating, suitable rotation prevention means may be provided, for example, between the open end 12b of the moon projection body 12 and the engaging protrusion 6i. In addition, the case 6 of the solar projector 6
A slit 6k located in front of the light source 7 and penetrating from side to side is formed on the sides of d and 6e, and a translucent slide plate 14 on which, for example, a picture for scientific observation is printed is inserted through the slit 6k. In this state, the light source 7 is turned on and the slide plate 1 is illuminated through the convex lens 10a of the solar projection barrel 6b.
4, the user can enlarge and observe pictures for scientific observation displayed on the slide board 14.

The operation of the device of the present invention configured as described above will be explained. The observation device of the present invention uses the reference line 2b as the east-west display line 1a, 1b of the dome 1, as shown in
South direction display section 3
It is used by installing it on a suitable horizontal stand with the projection surface 1c facing the center of the projection surface 1c of the dome 1. At this time, it is better if the east-west display lines 1a and 1b of the dome 1 are aligned with the east-west direction of the earth. In this state, the operation of examining the movements of the sun and moon on December 7, 1983, for example, will be explained with reference to FIG. First, 12
The 7th day of the month is 3rd lunar age according to the lunar phase calendar (shown in Figure 8. In the shape of the moon in Figure 8, the broken line indicates the invisible part of the moon).
Align the indication line 12d of the moon projector 12 with the moon phase 3 on the moon phase display 6c (FIG. 9). Next, the date indicator 6a of the solar projector 6 is set to December 7th, which is the date 5a on the sub-date plate 5 (FIG. 9). next,
The date 4a on the main date plate 4 is set to December 7th, and the time 3c on the time display plate 3 is set to, for example, 7 a.m. (FIG. 9). In this state, when the switch 8 is turned on, the light from the light source 7 is projected through the convex lens 10a to a low place east of the projection surface 1c of the dome 1, and the sun 15 at 7 a.m. on December 7th is reflected (Fig. 9). ). Next, by rotating the main date plate 4 clockwise relative to the time display plate 3 to change the time,
The movement of the sun 15 on December 7th is shown on projection surface 1 of dome 1.
(Figure 9). When the main date plate 4 is further rotated and the sun 15 sets in the west, the light from the light source 7 passes through the transparent hole 6j, the convex lens 10b, the reflector 13, the moon phase hole 11b, and the moon projection hole 12a, and reaches the projection surface of the dome 1. It is projected low to the west of 1c, and Moon 16, which is at the 3rd stage of the moon on December 7th, is reflected (9th
figure).

Therefore, as described above, the present invention allows the moon projector 12 to be aligned with the moon phase display 6c and the moon projector 12 to match the moon phase display 6c.
2 to the date 5a on the sub-date plate 5, and the date 4a on the main date plate 4 to the time 3c on the time display plate 3, rotate the main date plate 4 relative to the time display plate 3 to set the time. By changing the , you can find out the movements of the sun and moon on any given day of the year. Also, month 16
If Moon 16 is in the same direction as Sun 15, it will be a new moon at 0 moon age, and if Moon 16 is projected in the opposite direction of Sun 15, it will be a full moon at 15 moon age.This makes it easy to understand the principle of the waxing and waning of the moon. It can be understood. In particular, school children and the like have the advantage of being able to actually understand the movement of the sun and moon and the phases of the moon by operating the observation device of the present invention by themselves.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the inclination angle of the time display plate 3 may be configured to be variable depending on the latitude of the place where it is used. Further, the light source for projecting the sun and the light source for projecting the moon can be provided separately. Furthermore, the sun projector 6 can be configured not to rotate unnecessarily with respect to the sub-date plate 5, and thereby the main date plate 4 can be easily rotated with respect to the time display plate 3. Further, the main date plate 4 may be rotated with respect to the time display plate 3 by a handle or other suitable rotation operation mechanism.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a front perspective view in use, Fig. 2 is a perspective view, Fig. 3 is a vertical side view, and Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken along the - line in Fig. 3. Figure 5 is a view of the inside of the solar projector taken along the - line in Figure 3, Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 3, Figure 7 is a developed view of the moon phase sheet, 8th
The figure shows a moon phase calendar, and FIGS. 1...Dome, 1c...Projection surface, 3...Time display board, 4...Main date plate, 5...Sub date plate, 6...
Solar projection body, 6b...Solar projection tube, 6c...Moon phase, 11...Moon phase sheet, 11b-11h...Moon phase hole, 12...Moon projection body, 12a...Moon projection hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A dome having a display section showing an east-west direction and a projection surface facing south on a horizontal plane, and a display section showing a north-south direction in a vertical plane perpendicular to the east-west display line of this dome, and a projection surface facing south. It is equipped with a time display board that sequentially displays the time of one day from 12:00 a.m. at equal intervals around the entire circumference clockwise from the display section and is tilted at an angle (α) corresponding to the inclination of the celestial equator with respect to the horizon. It is rotatably provided around the center of the base and the time display board, and is arranged at equal intervals around the entire circumference from January to December.
A main date plate that displays the dates up to the month in order in a counterclockwise direction, and is provided integrally with this main date plate, and displays the same date at the same angular position corresponding to the date on the main date plate, as well as the summer solstice and It is tilted at an angle (β) with respect to the time display plate in order to set the mid-south altitude of the sun's orbit as seen from the earth at the angle (α) ± ecliptic inclination (β) at a position with the winter solstice line facing due south. It has a sub-date plate, and a date indicator which is rotatable around the center of the sub-date plate and indicates the date on the sub-date plate. It has a solar projection tube that projects onto the projection surface, and the lunar phase is counterclockwise around the entire circumference, with the angular position at the same angle as the sun projection tube around the center of rotation being 0, and the angular position 180 degrees from the solar projection tube being 15. A sun projector is displayed sequentially in the direction, and a moon phase hole is formed in the shape of the moon corresponding to each moon phase at the same angular position as the moon phase display except for moon phase 0, and fixed around the center of rotation of the sun projector. A lunar phase sheet is provided to cover the lunar phase sheet and is rotatable around the center of rotation of the solar projector, and is selectively positioned in each of the lunar phase holes to direct an internal light source through each lunar phase hole of the dome. A sun and moon projection observation device comprising a moon projector having a moon projection hole for projecting the moon onto a projection surface.