JPS63848Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a trench excavator, and for example, to a so-called auger trencher for opening underground drainage ditches and open drainage ditches.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a trench digger of this kind, for example, as described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 54-175101,
A structure is known in which a number of mounting plates are arranged and fixed at offset positions on the outer periphery of a rotating shaft, and both ends of a number of divided helical pieces are detachably attached to each of the mounting plates, so that as a whole, a series of helical blade bands are formed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) According to the structure described in the above publication, partial wear or damage to a series of spiral blade bands can be repaired by replacing the divided spiral piece in the relevant part. However, local wear and damage of the split spiral piece usually occurs at the blade part of the split spiral piece in that part, and in such cases, the split spiral piece that is integral with the blade There is a problem that the entire spiral piece must be replaced.

Furthermore, the structure described in the above publication does not consider any measures to prevent the release of soil by a series of spiral blades and the prevention of damage to the spiral blades by hard lumps such as stones mixed in this lifted soil. There is also the problem.

Therefore, the present invention was devised in view of these points, and a divided spiral piece is formed separately from the plurality of divided spiral pieces that make up a series of spiral bands, and when worn or damaged, the divided spiral piece is left behind. This makes it possible to attach and detach only the divided blade pieces that are worn out or damaged during operation, and to easily release the soil lifted by a series of spiral bands, while also preventing the spiral bands from being damaged by hard lumps such as stones. The purpose of this invention is to provide a trench excavator with the following features.

[Structure of the idea]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The groove excavator of the present invention has a plurality of spoke pieces arranged at predetermined intervals on the circumferential side in the vertical direction of a rotating shaft provided vertically at the bottom of the machine frame. A series of spiral bands are formed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft in the vertical direction by attaching both ends of the divided spiral pieces to each spoke piece, respectively, to form a series of spiral bands on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft in the vertical direction. Divided blade pieces are removably attached to the outer periphery of the pieces to form a series of spiral blades as a whole, and the soil lifted up by the spiral band is discharged to the upper part of the rotating shaft. The soil removal wing pieces are installed horizontally, and the top plate of the cylindrical guide body is moved up and down via multiple bolts placed at predetermined intervals on the mounting board placed at the bottom of the machine frame. A discharge port for discharging the soil discharged by the soil removal blades is opened in a side part of the guide body in the traveling direction, and is screwed to the protruding ends of the plurality of bolts. Between the nut and the top plate, each bolt is wrapped with a coil spring that supports the top plate so as to be able to move up and down.

(Function) According to the trench excavator of the present invention, for example, a tractor runs to tow the trench excavator, and the rotation shaft 24 is driven and advances by the power input from the tractor. As a result, the soil is cut by the rotating spiral blade 32 and the cut soil is lifted up and transferred by the spiral band 29. Therefore, the soil is sequentially removed by the spiral blade 32 and the spiral band 29. The soil is continuously lifted up and transferred and guided into the guide body 36, and is further transported to the discharge port 41 of the guide body 36 by the soil removal blades 33.
It is thrown to the side in the direction of travel. In this way, a drainage ditch with a predetermined width is established.

(Embodiment) Hereinafter, the structure of an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a machine frame, and a transmission 3 having an input shaft 2 is attached to an intermediate portion of the machine frame 1. Also,
Connecting frames 4 and 5 are attached to both ends of the machine frame 1, and lower pins 6 and 7 are protruded from the tips of connecting pieces 4a and 5a that protrude parallel to each other in front of the connecting frames 4 and 5, respectively. and these connecting pieces 4a, 5
Masts 8 and 9 are erected at an intermediate portion of a, and a connecting portion 10 is formed at the upper end portions of the masts 8 and 9 close to each other. Further, one end of a connecting piece 11 is connected to the adjacent upper part of the masts 8 and 9 by a bolt/nut 12, and the other end of this connecting piece 11 is connected to a projecting piece 13 that is provided protruding from the case body of the mission 3. are connected to each other by bolts and nuts 14. Further, both ends of the strength face plate 15 are fixed by bolts and nuts 16 between the connecting protrusions 4b and 5b which protrude in parallel to the rear of the connecting frames 4 and 5. This strength face plate 15 is composed of a pair of U-shaped face plates 15a and 15b, and is formed into a substantially triangular shape whose width gradually decreases as it goes downwards when viewed from the back.Reinforcement columns 17 are interposed in the vertical direction in the middle part. The upper part of is fixed by a bolt/nut 17a.

Further, the rear end of a floor plate 18 having a sharp tip is fixed horizontally to the lower end of the support column 17 provided on the strength face plate 15 with bolts and nuts 19. A bearing 19 is provided at.

Next, a mounting flange 22 is formed on the output shaft 21 of the transmission 3, and this flange 22
A flange 25 formed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 24 of the auger 23 is fixed by a plurality of bolts and nuts, and the lower end of this rotating shaft 24 is attached to the floor plate 18.
It is rotatably supported by a bearing 20.

Next, a plurality of spoke pieces 26 are provided radially projecting at predetermined intervals on the outer side of the rotation shaft 24 in the vertical direction, with positions shifted from each other, and each spoke piece 26 has a plurality of arcuate curved parts. Both ends of the arc-shaped divided spiral piece 27 are connected to bolts and nuts 2, respectively.
8, and the divided spiral pieces 27 collectively form a series of spiral bands 29 around the vertical outer periphery of the rotation shaft 24.
Further, on the outer peripheral edge of each divided spiral piece 27 of this spiral band 29, a divided blade piece 30 having approximately the same shape as this is provided with a screw 3.
1, and each divided blade piece 30 forms a series of spiral blade bodies 32 that protrude from the outer periphery of the spiral band 29 as a whole.

Further, at the upper end of the spiral band 29 provided with the spiral blade body 32, soil removal blades 33 are provided perpendicularly on the upper sides of the rotating shaft 24, and the spiral band 29
The lower end of the bearing 9 is disposed close to the bearing 29 .

Next, a mounting board 3 is installed in which the output shaft 21 is rotatably inserted into the lower part of the case body of the transmission 3.
4 is fixed to the mounting board 34, and bolts 35 are inserted from below into mounting holes formed at the four corners of this mounting board 34 and protrude upward. top plate 37
is engaged on the mounting board 34, and a nut 39 is screwed onto each bolt 35 protruding from the top surface of the top plate 37 via a coil spring 38. The cylindrical body 40 of the guide body 36 covers the upper part of the spiral band 29 and the outer periphery of the earth removal blades 33, and the lifted soil discharged by the earth removal blades 33 is covered by the cylindrical body 40. The liquid is discharged from a discharge port 41 which is horizontally projected from one side of the tube 40 .

Next, the operation of the above structure will be explained.

A three-point link mechanism of the tractor is connected to the lower pins 6, 7 of the connecting frames 4, 5 and the connecting parts 10 of the masts 8, 9, and a power extraction shaft of the tractor is interlocked to the input shaft 2 via a power transmission shaft. do. The trench excavator is towed by a tractor, and the transmission 3 is driven by the power input from the tractor, and the rotating shaft 24 of the auger 23 is driven through the output shaft 21 of the transmission 3. do.

As a result, the relatively hard soil in the lower layer is cut almost horizontally along the traveling direction by the sharp tip of the floorboard 18, and the soil is cut by the spiral blade 32 of the rotating auger 23. The soil is guided to the strength face plate 15 by the spiral band 29 and is lifted and transferred, and the soil is sequentially and continuously cut and lifted and transferred by the spiral blade 32 and the spiral band 29. The soil is guided into the guide body 36, and the discharge port 4 of the guide body 36 is further guided by the soil removal blades 33.
1, it is thrown largely to the side in the direction of travel.
In this way, a drainage ditch with a predetermined width is opened, but at this time, lumps such as stones are mixed in the soil lifted and transferred by the spiral blade 32, and these lumps are removed by the soil removal blades. 33 and the guide body 36, the guide body 36 will be moved between the earth removal blades 33 and the guide body 36 by the buffering action of each coil spring 38. The clumps are opened widely, and therefore, the lumps are not bitten and caught between the soil removal blades 33 and the guide body 36, and are smoothly discharged from the discharge port 41 of the guide body 36 together with the soil.

[Effect of idea]

According to the present invention, soil is reliably cut by a series of spiral bands in the vertical direction of the rotating shaft and a series of spiral blades protruding from the outer periphery of this spiral band, and the cut soil is smoothly lifted. A groove having a predetermined width and depth can be reliably opened by transporting the groove. If the helical blade becomes worn or damaged, the worn or damaged split blade piece can be attached and replaced to prevent the deterioration of the soil cutting function, and the excellent cutting soil lifting function can be used to open trenches. Work can be done with high efficiency,
Moreover, it can be easily repaired by partially replacing only the worn and damaged divided spiral pieces that are formed independently of the divided spiral pieces, and the initial purpose is fully achieved and there is no need to forcefully replace the entire divided spiral piece. Economical. In addition, the soil cut by the soil removal blades can be reliably discharged from the discharge port to the side in the direction of movement, thereby reliably preventing the discharged soil from falling into the open trench. can do. In addition, since the top plate is elastically supported on the mounting board by a plurality of bolts and a coil spring wrapped around each bolt so as to be able to move up and down, if an upward overload is applied to the guide body, the guide body can automatically avoid overload by moving upward against the coil spring using each bolt as a guide. At this time, the guide body guides each bolt arranged at a predetermined interval. This prevents the guide body from tilting and interfering with the soil removal blades, and the cushioning effect of the guide body prevents hard lumps such as stones lifted into the guide body. It is possible to reliably prevent the rotation of the soil removal blades from being caught between the soil removal blades and the guide body, or damage to the guide body or the soil removal blades, and The rotation of the rotation shaft is not impaired by obstacles, and the drive source of the rotation shaft is not overloaded. Further, by adjusting the nut of each bolt forward or backward, the biasing force of each coil spring can be easily adjusted according to the working situation. Therefore,
It is possible to provide a trench excavator with excellent workability that can continuously perform trench-opening work and reliably discharge lifted soil in a predetermined direction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the trench excavator, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the auger, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the auger. The figure is an enlarged sectional view taken along line a-a. 1... Machine frame, 24... Rotating shaft, 26... Spoke piece, 27... Divided spiral piece, 29... Spiral band, 3
0...Divided blade piece, 32...Spiral blade body, 33...Earth removal wing piece, 34...Mounting board, 35...Bolt, 3
6... Guide body, 37... Top plate, 38... Coil spring, 39... Nut, 41... Discharge port.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A plurality of spoke pieces are provided radially on the circumferential side in the vertical direction of a rotating shaft provided vertically at the bottom of the machine frame at predetermined intervals with their positions shifted from each other. A series of helical bands are formed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft in the vertical direction, and divided blade pieces are removably attached to the outer periphery of each divided helical piece of this spiral band to form a series of spiral bands as a whole on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft in the vertical direction. A spiral blade body is formed, and soil removal blades for discharging soil lifted up by the spiral belt to the outside are attached horizontally to the upper part of the rotary shaft, and are arranged at the lower part of the machine frame. The top plate of the cylindrical guide body is engaged with the top plate of the cylindrical guide body so as to be movable up and down through a plurality of bolts arranged at predetermined intervals on the mounting board. Open the discharge port for discharging the soil discharged by the soil removal blades, and attach the top plate to each bolt between the top plate and the nuts screwed to the protruding ends of the plurality of bolts. A trench excavator characterized by being equipped with a freely movable coil spring.