JPS6380156A - Control system for indoor environment of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a system the constitution of which is simple and make it possible to control air conditioning with high accuracy by operating each valve of air conditioner and an actuator which regulates the opening of various values of a reheater by the output of a microcomputer with an operation panel which corresponds to each of the air conditioners. CONSTITUTION:Microcomputers 1-1-1-8 are provided with an operation panel, have functions of communication, I/O, and control, and are connected to a small size computer 2 as a central unit via repeaters. The computer 2 possesses a keyboard, CRT display, and other peripheral units. In those units the computers 1-1-1-4 are of a dispersed type and are installed for each air conditioner in each floor from the first to fourth floors, and each microcomputer incorporates a control program which so far used to belong to a regulator, and the microcomputer has the functions of control, setting, and monitoring, and the temperature by a room temperature sensor, humidity by a room humidity sensor and reheater valve opening are inputted to the microcomputer to calculate PI (proportional integration) control operation values to an air conditioner valve and reheater valve for giving an instruction to an actuator to operate air conditioning valves.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a management system for automatically controlling indoor environmental equipment such as air conditioning equipment within a building.

[Conventional technology and its problems]

BACKGROUND ART In order to improve the comfort inside a building, it is a well-known technology to operate a computer using information from various sensors and thereby control air conditioners and the like.

However, in the conventional automatic control system, as shown in Figure 9, the setting and monitoring of indoor temperature, etc., and the control of equipment are treated as separate things, and the computer 1' that has the building monitoring and control system program is used for measurement. It was supposed to receive output from sensors and only perform settings and monitoring. The setting values determined by the computer 1' are introduced into a controller 3 provided for control, and the controller 3 receives output from a control sensor and is used as an actuator to operate an air conditioner valve or the like. It gives instructions.

As described above, the conventional system includes a controller 3 for control purposes, and the presence of the controller 3 increases the number of devices and complicates the device.

Furthermore, when using a computer, comprehensive centralized control is often performed, and multiple air conditioners are controlled by one computer. However, with this type of system, detailed control becomes impossible when comfort needs differ from one air conditioner to another. In particular, in modern buildings, in order to obtain optimal livability, air conditioners are often installed on each floor and air conditioning control is performed in a distributed manner, and in such cases, there are limits to optimization with the above-mentioned centralized control.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an indoor environment system for a building that eliminates the disadvantages of the conventional example, simplifies the system configuration without the need for a controller, and enables detailed and highly accurate air conditioning control. .

The output from the air conditioner sensor is input to a microcomputer with an operation panel corresponding to each air conditioner, and the output from the microcomputer operates the actuator that adjusts the opening of each air conditioner valve, reheater valve, etc. The gist of this is that

[Effect]

According to the present invention, a microcomputer with an operation panel performs setting and monitoring as well as command control to actuators, which was conventionally performed by a controller, and such control is performed by a single controller.
Since one microcomputer corresponds to one air conditioner, for example, if each floor has an air conditioner, detailed energy-saving operation suitable for that floor can be realized.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the indoor environment system for a building according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the entire system incorporating this system.

In the figure, 1-1 to 1-8 are microcomputers, which are equipped with an operation panel 4 as shown in FIG.
Ilo, has the function of control. The microcomputers 1-1 to 1-8 are connected to a small computer 2 as a central device (master station) using a current loop transmission method via a communication cable 9 as relay devices (remote stations). Although not shown, the microcomputer 2 has a keyboard, a CRT display screen, and other peripheral devices. Also, among the microcomputers 1-1 to 1-8, 1-5 is used to start and stop various equipment, 1-6 is used to monitor power reception and transformation, and 1-7 is used to monitor production equipment. 1-8 is for monitoring rooftop equipment, and the remaining 1-1 to 1-4 are distributed types and are installed corresponding to the air conditioners placed on each floor, 1st to 4th floors, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1, microcomputers 1-1 to 1-
4 also has a built-in control program similar to that performed by conventional controllers, and has control, setting, and monitoring functions, receives the output from the measurement and control sensor 5, and directly controls the actuator 6.
It sends output to and manipulates it.

On the other hand, microcomputer 2, which serves as a master station, is a 16-bit multitasking microcomputer that performs monitoring, measurement, and recording functions, transmits data sets necessary for controlling microcomputers 1-1 to 1-8, and emits data. Stopping is performed by moving the cursor on the screen and operating the numeric keypad, but except for the special starting and stopping of the air conditioner, the rest of the routine control does not work, and is controlled only by the action of the microcomputers 1-1 to 1-4. can.

By the way, let me first describe an example of an operation performed using this microcomputer 2: , Calculate the optimal startup time based on the load conditions and save energy for wasteful precooling and preheating (optimal startup control); ■ Measure the received power factor and set the power factor correction capacitor so that the power exceeds the set power. The power supply can be turned on and off, thereby receiving preferential treatment on electricity rates (reactive power control), and the equipment can be stopped during a power outage and restarted according to the schedule in the event of multiple power outages (power failure/recovery control). be.

Next, an example of the control performed by the microcomputers 1-1 to 1-8 will be explained, but as mentioned earlier, these correspond to the four air conditioners on a one-to-one basis, and have an indoor temperature sensor and an indoor humidity sensor. , enter the reheater valve opening degree, air conditioner valve,
Calculate the P■ (proportional integral) control operation value for the reheater valve.

B. Air conditioner supply air temperature reset control As shown in Fig. 4, each air conditioner 7 has a plurality of reheaters 8.
．． 8′-・-・- are connected, and these reheaters 8
．． 8'-- are valves 8a and 8a, respectively.
'-----. In the figure, 7a indicates a valve that the air conditioner 7 has.

The optimum blowout temperature of the air conditioner 7 is calculated so as to minimize the heating amount of the plurality of reheaters 8,8'--... belonging to each air conditioner 7, and the reheat loss is minimized. ,
Hot water valve 8a belonging to 8'------.

Among the openings of 8a'-..., read the value with the smallest valve opening, and calculate the amount of change in the air blowing temperature using a certain calculation formula so that that value becomes the preset target value of the valve opening. , the air blowing temperature setting temperature TS is set by increasing or decreasing the current setting value.

Conventionally, the outlet temperature of the air conditioner 7 has been set at a fixed value calculated from empirical rules, as shown in Figure 5b, and individual room temperature adjustments have been made using reheaters 8.8', . . . was being carried out. Therefore, the reheater valves 8a, 8
For safety reasons, the blowout temperature of the air conditioner 7 is set to be low so that even one of the air conditioners a'-"- does not become fully closed, which causes reheat loss.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5a, the reheater valve 8
Computers 1-1 to 1 check the opening degrees of a and 8a'--.
-4 determines this and makes the blowout temperature setting value of the air conditioner 7 variable in accordance with the minimum value of the valve opening degree,
As a result, the reheat loss in the reheaters 8°8'-- was reduced.

2. Air Conditioner Blow Temperature Control As shown in FIG. ), while
A temperature sensor is also provided at the outlet of each air conditioner 7,
The measured temperature ts is introduced.

Combiators 1-1 to 1-4 calculate the valve operation amount (MVl) of air conditioner @1 using the PI algorithm based on these two values.
Determine.

If the measured temperature ts is higher than the set temperature Ts, cooling is required, and the cold water valve of the valves 7a is operated (6th national). This operation is performed on computers 1-1 to 1-4.
The computer itself directly outputs a control signal to convert a digital value of 0 to 100 into an analog electrical signal of 4 to 20 mA, which was conventionally done by an adjustment needle.

Similarly, if the measured temperature ts is lower than the set temperature Ts, heating is required, and the steam heating valve of the valves 7a is operated as shown on the right in FIG.

C. Humidity control The set value of the appropriate humidity, that is, the set humidity HR, is set in advance in the computers 1-1 to 1-4 (this set value can be changed by the microcomputer 2).

The measured humidity hR from the humidity sensor placed indoors is introduced into the computers 1-1 to 1-4, the two are compared, and the operation amount (MV2) of the valve 7a of the air conditioner 7 is determined based on the result.

If the measured humidity hR is higher than the set humidity HR, the cold water valve will be opened appropriately and dehumidification will be performed as shown in the 7th countryman, but in this case, the above (b) air conditioner temperature control Select the larger operation amount compared to the operation amount M V 1 of the cold water valve.

If the measured humidity hR is lower than the set humidity HR, humidification is required, and the steam humidification valve of the valves 7a is operated (see the right in FIG. 7).

These valve operations are all done by computers 1-1 to 1-4, from digital to 100 to analog amounts 4 to 20 m.
The conversion to A is performed in the same manner as in the case (b) above.

2. Reheater control A temperature sensor is provided in each room in which the reheater 8 is installed,
The measurement room as shown in Figure 8! tR is introduced into computers 1-1 to 1-4. On the other hand, computer 1-
A set room temperature TR (variable by the microcomputer 2) is given to 1 to 1-4, and the opening degree MV3 of the valves 8a, 8a'- of the reheater 8 is determined by comparing the two. This controls the temperature of each room.

By the way, even if the internal mechanism of the computers 1-1 to 1-4 breaks down in order to control the above (a) to (d), if only the I10 board is normal, the operation panel 4 (third It is also possible to operate manually using the

For example, 4a is a switch for determining whether the air conditioner temperature is set by the microcomputer 2 or computers 1-1 to 1-4; 4b is an air conditioner temperature setting knob;
C is a valve opening display switching knob, 4d is a valve opening display meter, 4e is a valve operation changeover switch, and 4r is a valve opening manual operation switch.

When changing the air conditioner blowing temperature, set the switch 4a to the manual side and the knob 4b to the desired A degree.

To change the reheater outlet air temperature, turn knob 4.
According to the reheater to be operated with C, switch the corresponding reheater switch 7 from automatic to manual in switch 4e.
Operate the appropriate switch 4 while looking at the meter 4d.

For humidification, set knob 4C to humidification (HD)
Accordingly, switch the humidifying switch 4e (HD) to manual, and operate the appropriate switch 4" while looking at the display meter 4d.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the indoor environment management system for a building of the present invention is designed to control the space directly by a microcomputer without using adjustment needles, especially when controlling the space mainly by operating various valves of an air conditioner or reheater. This simplifies the system configuration and enables highly accurate idling control.

Furthermore, since each microcomputer is a distributed type in which each microcomputer is associated with one air conditioner, detailed energy-saving operation is possible and comfort is improved.

Furthermore, the risk of failure is dispersed and the reliability of the system is improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the indoor environment management system for a building according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the overall system configuration incorporating this system, Fig. 3 is a front view of the [9 panel], and Fig. 4 is an illustration of each panel. A conceptual diagram of the control, Fig. 5a is an explanatory diagram of air conditioner supply air temperature reset control, Fig. 5b is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional control example, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of air conditioner supply air temperature reset control. 1 is a flowchart of temperature control, FIG. 7 is a flowchart of humidity control, FIG. 8 is a flowchart of leakage control, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional system. 1-1 to 1-8...Microcomputer 1'...
Computer 2...Microcomputer 3...
Controller 4...Operation panel 5...Measurement/control sensor 6...Actuator 7...Air conditioner 7a...Valve 8.8...Rehicle 8a, 8a...Valve 9...・I11 signal cable Figure 1 ν town・h 9゛鼈ゝ Figure 2 Figure 50 Figure 5b Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The output from the measurement and control sensor is introduced into a microcomputer with an operation panel corresponding to each air conditioner, and the output of the microcomputer is used to adjust the opening of each air conditioner valve, reheater valve, etc. An indoor environment management system for a building that operates an actuator that performs. (2) The indoor environment management system for a building according to claim 1, wherein the microcomputer is connected as a relay device to a small computer having a keyboard and a CRT display screen as a central device.