JPS6380063A - Injection nozzle structure - Google Patents
Injection nozzle structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6380063A JPS6380063A JP22191886A JP22191886A JPS6380063A JP S6380063 A JPS6380063 A JP S6380063A JP 22191886 A JP22191886 A JP 22191886A JP 22191886 A JP22191886 A JP 22191886A JP S6380063 A JPS6380063 A JP S6380063A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- needle valve
- tip
- metal member
- ceramics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001293 incoloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
本発明は内燃機関へ燃料を霧化して供給する噴射ノズル
に係り、特に、ノズル本体を金属にて形成すると共にノ
ズル先端部をセラミックスで形成し、これらを一体に接
続した噴射ノズル構造に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an injection nozzle that atomizes and supplies fuel to an internal combustion engine, and in particular, the nozzle body is formed of metal and the nozzle tip is formed of ceramics. The present invention also relates to an injection nozzle structure in which these are integrally connected.
［従来の技術］
内燃機関に採用される噴射ノズルは、ノズル先端部が燃
焼室に臨まされて配設されるために燃焼ガスに対しての
高温強度が要求される。このため本出願人は特開昭５８
−１４３１６３号公報にノズルボディの先端部分である
噴口部を５ｉｚＮ４またはΔ２２０３等のセラミックス
で形成したエンジン用燃料噴射ノズルを提案している。[Prior Art] An injection nozzle employed in an internal combustion engine is required to have high-temperature strength against combustion gas because the nozzle tip is disposed so as to face the combustion chamber. For this reason, the present applicant
Japanese Patent Publication No. 143163 proposes a fuel injection nozzle for an engine in which the nozzle portion, which is the tip of the nozzle body, is formed of ceramics such as 5izN4 or Δ2203.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］
上記ノズル先端部を形成するセラミックスは一般の金属
材料に比べて■熱膨張係数が小さい、■大きな耐衝撃性
をもつ、■熱伝導麿が小さいなどの優れた長所をもって
いるが、しかし、金属性のノズル本体にセラミックス類
のノズル先端を接続する上で、構造が複雑になって製造
コストが上昇するため改善の余地が残されていた。[Problems to be solved by the invention] Compared to general metal materials, the ceramics forming the tip of the nozzle have advantages such as: ■low coefficient of thermal expansion, ■high impact resistance, and ■small thermal conductivity. However, there is still room for improvement because the structure becomes complicated and manufacturing costs increase when connecting the ceramic nozzle tip to the metal nozzle body.
［問題点を解決するための手段］
本発明は上記問題点を解決することを目的とし、本発明
は、針弁を昇降自在に収容するノズル本体の先端にセラ
ミックスから形成されて燃料の噴口を有するノズル先端
部を接続し、上記針弁の着座部分を含む針弁先端部をセ
ラミックスと略同等の低熱膨張係数を有する材料で形成
して噴射ノズル構造を構成するものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the present invention provides a fuel nozzle formed of ceramics at the tip of a nozzle body that accommodates a needle valve so as to be able to move up and down. The injection nozzle structure is constructed by connecting the nozzle tip portions having the needle valve and forming the needle valve tip portion including the seating portion of the needle valve from a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equivalent to that of ceramics.
［作 用］
ノズル本体の軸上にセラミックスから形成されて燃料の
噴口を有するノズル先端部を接続したので、燃焼室に曝
されるノズル先端部の高温強度を大幅に向上すると共に
ノズル本体とノズル先端部との接続強度を一定に保つこ
とができる。さらにセラミックスでノズル先端部を形成
することは、噴口の腐食を防止することができる。また
ノズル先端部とノズル本体とを中間金属部材を介して接
続し、且つ上記中間金属部材に、上記ノズル本体内に昇
降自在な針弁が着座されるシート部を形成したので、針
弁の着座時に発生する衝撃力がノズル先端部及び中間金
属部材とノズル先端部との接続部分に加えられることが
なくなる。これによってセラミックス類のノズル先端部
の耐久性及び接続部の強度を向上できる。また中間金属
部材をセラミックスと同等の熱膨張係数をもつ材料にて
形成することは、この中間金属部材とノズル先端部との
間で熱膨張差が生じないため、中間金属部材とノズル先
端部との接続部強度を一定に保つことができる。さらに
シート部を形成する中間金属部材及びこのシート部に着
座される部分より先端側となる針弁先端部を低熱膨張係
数をもつ材料から形成することは、半径方向の熱膨張を
少なくし、上記した接続部の強度を一定に保ち、且つ、
シート部に対して針弁を気密に着座させることができる
ので、燃料流量の変動を抑えることができる。[Function] Since the nozzle tip made of ceramics and having a fuel nozzle is connected to the shaft of the nozzle body, the high temperature strength of the nozzle tip exposed to the combustion chamber is greatly improved, and the nozzle body and nozzle The connection strength with the tip can be kept constant. Furthermore, forming the nozzle tip with ceramics can prevent corrosion of the nozzle. Further, the nozzle tip and the nozzle body are connected through an intermediate metal member, and the intermediate metal member is formed with a seat portion on which the needle valve, which can be raised and lowered in the nozzle body, is seated. The impact force that sometimes occurs is no longer applied to the nozzle tip and the connecting portion between the intermediate metal member and the nozzle tip. This improves the durability of the ceramic nozzle tip and the strength of the connection. In addition, forming the intermediate metal member from a material with a coefficient of thermal expansion equivalent to that of ceramics means that there is no difference in thermal expansion between the intermediate metal member and the nozzle tip. The strength of the connection can be kept constant. Furthermore, forming the intermediate metal member that forms the seat part and the tip of the needle valve, which is on the distal side of the part that is seated on the seat part, from a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion reduces thermal expansion in the radial direction. The strength of the connected part is kept constant, and
Since the needle valve can be airtightly seated on the seat portion, fluctuations in fuel flow rate can be suppressed.
［実施例〕
以下に本発明の噴射ノズル構造の好適一実施例を添付図
面に基づいて説明する。[Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the injection nozzle structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図に示されるように円筒状に形成されたノズル本体
１の針弁収容部２には、針弁３が昇降自在に収容されて
おり、このノズル本体１の先端にはそのノズル本体１の
同軸上にインコロイ、コバール等のセラミックスと略同
等の熱膨張係数をもつリング状の中間金属部材４が接続
される。接続としては摩擦圧接や拡散溶接が採用される
。この中間金属部材４には、先端内周面に上記針弁３の
シート面３ａが着座されるシート部４ａが円錐状に形成
されており中間金属部材４の後端には上記針弁３のステ
ム部３ａを包囲する筒部４ｂが形成されている。As shown in FIG. 1, a needle valve 3 is housed in a needle valve accommodating portion 2 of a cylindrical nozzle body 1 so as to be able to move up and down. A ring-shaped intermediate metal member 4 having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of ceramics such as Incoloy and Kovar is connected coaxially with the metal member 4 . Friction welding or diffusion welding is used for connection. This intermediate metal member 4 has a conical seat portion 4a on the inner peripheral surface of which the seat surface 3a of the needle valve 3 is seated, and the rear end of the intermediate metal member 4 has a seat portion 4a on which the seat surface 3a of the needle valve 3 is seated. A cylindrical portion 4b surrounding the stem portion 3a is formed.
一方、ノズル先端部７はセラミックス（例えばＳｉ ３
Ｎａ 、 Ａｊ！ｚ ０３ ）にて焼成され、この実
施例では、上記針弁３の先端部の外形状に合せて断面Ｖ
字形に形成されている。ノズル先端部７の側部７ａには
その傾斜方向に対し交差する方向に且つ傾斜方向に間隔
をおいて燃料の噴口８が複数形成されている。セラミッ
クス類のノズル先端部７と中間金属部材４とは同軸上に
一体に接続されており、これにより針弁５を収容するノ
ズルボディ１０が形成される。On the other hand, the nozzle tip 7 is made of ceramics (for example, Si 3
Na, Aj! In this embodiment, the cross section V is fired to match the outer shape of the tip of the needle valve 3.
It is formed into a letter shape. A plurality of fuel nozzles 8 are formed in the side portion 7a of the nozzle tip 7 in a direction crossing the inclination direction thereof and spaced apart from each other in the inclination direction. The nozzle tip 7 made of ceramics and the intermediate metal member 4 are integrally connected coaxially, thereby forming a nozzle body 10 in which the needle valve 5 is housed.
他方、針弁５は上記中間金属部材４のシート部４ａに着
座される部分を含む針弁先端部（図の二点鎖線で示す部
分）が、上記ノズル先端部７の形成材料と略同等の熱膨
張係数を有する材料から形成されている。本実施例では
針弁５の後端側部分となるステム部３ａがスチールＦｅ
で針弁先端部３ｂが例えばセラミックス（Ｓｉ３Ｎａ＞
、インコロイ、ニレジスト等で夫々別個に形成され、−
体に接続される。これらの接続としてはブレージング溶
接が採用される。On the other hand, the needle valve 5 has a needle valve tip portion including a portion seated on the seat portion 4a of the intermediate metal member 4 (the portion indicated by the two-dot chain line in the figure), which is made of substantially the same material as the nozzle tip portion 7. It is made of a material that has a coefficient of thermal expansion. In this embodiment, the stem portion 3a, which is the rear end portion of the needle valve 5, is made of steel.
The needle valve tip 3b is made of ceramics (Si3Na>
, Incoloy, Niresist, etc., respectively, and −
connected to the body. Brazing welding is used for these connections.
ここで、上記ノズル先端部７に形成する噴口８はセラミ
ックス焼成と同時に形成できるので、その噴口形状を異
形形状とすることや、噴口方向、噴口直径なども精度よ
く形成することが可能になる。また１３は噴口８へ燃料
を導く溝でこの溝１３を形成することにより、一般のホ
ール形ノズルに対して燃料空を形成することなく油流を
良くし、噴口づまりを発生させる油だまりを解消するこ
とができる。Here, since the nozzle 8 formed in the nozzle tip 7 can be formed at the same time as ceramic firing, it is possible to form the nozzle into an irregular shape, and to form the nozzle direction, the nozzle diameter, etc. with high accuracy. In addition, 13 is a groove that guides fuel to the nozzle 8. By forming this groove 13, oil flow is improved without forming a fuel empty compared to a general hole-type nozzle, and oil pools that cause nozzle clogging are eliminated. be able to.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したことから明らかなように本発明の噴射ノズ
ル構造によれば次のごとき優れた効果を発揮できる。[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, the injection nozzle structure of the present invention can exhibit the following excellent effects.
（１） 針弁を昇降自在に収容するノズル本体の先端
にセラミックスから形成されて燃料の噴口を有するノズ
ル先端部を接続し、上記針弁の着座部分を含む針弁先端
部をセラミックスと略同等の低熱膨張係数を有する材料
で形成したので燃焼室に曝されるノズル先端部の高温強
度を大幅に向上すると共に、ノズル先端部の熱膨張を抑
えることができるためノズル本体とノズル先端部との接
続強度を一定に保つことができる。(1) A nozzle tip made of ceramics and having a fuel nozzle is connected to the tip of a nozzle body that accommodates the needle valve so that it can be raised and lowered, and the needle valve tip, including the seating portion of the needle valve, is made of ceramics. Since it is made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, the high-temperature strength of the nozzle tip exposed to the combustion chamber can be greatly improved, and the thermal expansion of the nozzle tip can be suppressed, making it possible to improve the relationship between the nozzle body and the nozzle tip. Connection strength can be kept constant.
（２） ノズル先端部をセラミックスで形成できるの
で、このノズル先端部の高温強ｒ５Ｘ＜耐熱、耐蝕性能
）を大幅に向上できると共に、噴口を異形に形成するこ
とや噴口径や噴口方向を精度良く形成することができる
。(2) Since the nozzle tip can be made of ceramics, the high-temperature strength R5X (heat resistance and corrosion resistance performance) of the nozzle tip can be greatly improved, and the nozzle can be formed into an irregular shape and the nozzle diameter and nozzle direction can be adjusted with precision. can be formed.
ＣＪ 針弁を昇降自在に収容するノズル本体の先端に上
記針弁が着座されるシート部を備えた中間金属部材を接
続し、その金属部材の他端にセラミックスから形成され
て燃料の噴口を有するノズル先端部を接続し、上記針弁
の着座部分を含む針弁先端部及び上記金属部材をセラミ
ックスと略同等の低熱膨張係数を有する材料で形成した
ので針弁の着座時に生じる！Ｉ撃力がセラミックス製の
ノズル先端部及びノズル先端部と中間金属部材との接続
部に加えられなくなり耐久性を大幅に向上できる。CJ An intermediate metal member having a seat portion on which the needle valve is seated is connected to the tip of a nozzle body that accommodates the needle valve so as to be able to move up and down, and the other end of the metal member is made of ceramics and has a fuel nozzle. The nozzle tip is connected, and the needle valve tip including the seating part of the needle valve and the metal member are made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion approximately equal to that of ceramics. I impact force is no longer applied to the ceramic nozzle tip and the connection between the nozzle tip and the intermediate metal member, and durability can be greatly improved.
Ｃ４中間金属部材をノズル先端部を形成するセラミック
スと略同等の低熱膨張係数を有する材料で形成したので
、それら中間金属部材とノズル先端部との間で生じる熱
膨張差をなくし、接続部の強度を一定に保つことができ
る（５） 中間金属部材及び針弁先端部を同等の低熱
膨張係数を有する材料で形成したので、高温化されるノ
ズル先端部及び中間部材の半径方向の膨張関係を一定に
保ち、接続部の強度を一定に保たせると共に、シート部
に対して針弁のシート面を気密に着座させることができ
燃料流量の変動を抑えることができる。Since the C4 intermediate metal member is made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion that is approximately the same as the ceramic that forms the nozzle tip, the difference in thermal expansion that occurs between these intermediate metal members and the nozzle tip is eliminated, and the strength of the connection part is increased. (5) Since the intermediate metal member and the tip of the needle valve are made of materials with the same low coefficient of thermal expansion, the radial expansion relationship of the nozzle tip and the intermediate member, which are heated to high temperatures, can be kept constant. In addition to keeping the strength of the connecting portion constant, the seat surface of the needle valve can be seated airtight against the seat portion, and fluctuations in fuel flow rate can be suppressed.
第１図は本発明の噴射ノズル構造の好適一実施例を示す
縦断面図である。
図中、１はノズル本体、２は針弁収容部、３は針弁、３
ｂは針弁先端部、４は中間金属部材４ａはシート部、７
はノズル先端部、８は噴口である。
１ ・・・ノズ、゛ルヌにじ臥FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the injection nozzle structure of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the nozzle body, 2 is the needle valve accommodating part, 3 is the needle valve, 3
b is the tip of the needle valve; 4 is the intermediate metal member 4a is the seat; 7
is the tip of the nozzle, and 8 is the spout. 1... Nozu, Ernu Nijiwo
Claims (6)
セラミックスから形成されて燃料の噴口を有するノズル
先端部を接続し、上記針弁の着座部分を含む針弁先端部
をセラミックスと略同等の低熱膨張係数を有する材料で
形成したことを特徴とする噴射ノズル構造。(1) A nozzle tip made of ceramics and having a fuel nozzle is connected to the tip of a nozzle body that accommodates the needle valve so that it can be raised and lowered, and the needle valve tip, including the seating portion of the needle valve, is made of ceramics. An injection nozzle structure characterized by being formed of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion.
ロイ等のセラミックスと略同等の低熱膨張係数を有する
中間金属部材を介して接続されると共に上記ノズル本体
が上記針弁が着座されるシート部を有した特許請求の範
囲第１項記載の噴射ノズル構造。(2) The nozzle body and the nozzle tip are connected via an intermediate metal member having a low coefficient of thermal expansion approximately equivalent to that of ceramics such as Incoloy, and the nozzle body has a seat portion on which the needle valve is seated. An injection nozzle structure according to claim 1.
上記特許請求の範囲第１項記載の噴射ノズル構造。(3) The injection nozzle structure according to claim 1, wherein the needle valve tip portion is made of ceramics.
記特許請求の範囲第１項記載の噴射ノズル構造。(4) The injection nozzle structure according to claim 1, wherein the tip of the needle valve is made of Niresist.
記特許請求の範囲第１項記載の噴射ノズル構造。(5) The injection nozzle structure according to claim 1, wherein the needle valve tip portion is made of Incoloy.
座されたときに、ノズル先端内周面とノズル先端部の外
周面との間に僅かなクリアランスを有して形成された上
記特許請求の範囲第１項記載の噴射ノズル構造。(6) In the above patent, the nozzle tip is formed with a slight clearance between the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle tip and the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle tip when the needle valve is seated on the seat portion. An injection nozzle structure according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61221918A JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Injection nozzle structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61221918A JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Injection nozzle structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6380063A true JPS6380063A (en) | 1988-04-11 |
| JPH0612105B2 JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
Family
ID=16774197
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61221918A Expired - Lifetime JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Injection nozzle structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0612105B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994005907A1 (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1994-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electromagnetically controllable fuel injection valve |
| JPH07259693A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-10-09 | Cummins Engine Co Inc | Abrasion-resistant plunger assembly and opening-nozzle unit fuel injector |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6178279U (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1986-05-26 |
-
1986
- 1986-09-22 JP JP61221918A patent/JPH0612105B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6178279U (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1986-05-26 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994005907A1 (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1994-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electromagnetically controllable fuel injection valve |
| US5957390A (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1999-09-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electromagnetically actuable fuel injection valve |
| JPH07259693A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-10-09 | Cummins Engine Co Inc | Abrasion-resistant plunger assembly and opening-nozzle unit fuel injector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0612105B2 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
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