JPH0631585B2 - Injection nozzle structure - Google Patents
Injection nozzle structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0631585B2 JPH0631585B2 JP61239204A JP23920486A JPH0631585B2 JP H0631585 B2 JPH0631585 B2 JP H0631585B2 JP 61239204 A JP61239204 A JP 61239204A JP 23920486 A JP23920486 A JP 23920486A JP H0631585 B2 JPH0631585 B2 JP H0631585B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- intermediate member
- ceramics
- tip
- needle valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は燃料を霧化して内燃機関へ供給する噴射ノズル
に係り、特にノズル本体を金属でノズル先端部をセラミ
ックスで形成した噴射ノズル構造に関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an injection nozzle for atomizing fuel and supplying it to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an injection nozzle structure in which the nozzle body is made of metal and the nozzle tip is made of ceramics. .
［従来の技術］ 内燃機関の燃焼室にそのノズル先端部を臨ませて配設さ
れる噴射ノズルは、常に燃焼ガスに曝されるため高温強
度が要求される。このため、本出願人は、少なくともノ
ズルボディの先端となる噴口部をＳｉ３Ｎ４、またはＡ
ｌ２Ｏ３等のセラミックスで形成したエンジン用燃料噴
射ノズル（特開昭 58-143163号公報）を提案している。[Prior Art] An injection nozzle, which is arranged so as to face the tip of the nozzle in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, is always exposed to combustion gas, and therefore high temperature strength is required. Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has made the injection port portion, which is the tip of the nozzle body, at least Si 3 N 4 or A
A fuel injection nozzle for an engine (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-143163) formed of ceramics such as l 2 O 3 has been proposed.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ セラミックスは、一般の金属材料に比べて熱膨張係数が
小さい、大きな耐熱衝撃性をもつ、熱伝導度が小さいな
どの優れた特長を有している。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Ceramics have excellent characteristics such as a small coefficient of thermal expansion, a large thermal shock resistance, and a small thermal conductivity as compared with general metal materials.
しかし、噴口部をセラミックスで、ノズル本体を金属で
形成し、これらを一体に接続する技術について、信頼性
が高くかつコストも十分に安いというものは提供されて
いなかった。However, there has not been provided a technique of forming the injection port portion of ceramics and the nozzle main body of metal and connecting them integrally, which has high reliability and is sufficiently low in cost.
本発明の目的は、金属性のノズル本体にセラミックス製
ノズル先端部を確実に接続しておくことができるように
した噴射ノズル構造を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an injection nozzle structure capable of reliably connecting a ceramic nozzle tip to a metallic nozzle body.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 上記目的を達成するために本発明は、針弁を昇降自在に
収容する金属製のノズル本体と噴口を有するセラミック
ス製のノズル先端部とをコバール，インコロイ，アロイ
等の熱膨張係数がセラミックスと略同等の金属から形成
されたリング状の中間部材を挟んで一体に融接し、上記
ノズル本体に上記針弁のシート面を着座させるためのシ
ート部を形成したものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a Kovar, an Incoloy, an alloy having a nozzle body made of metal for accommodating a needle valve in a vertically movable manner and a tip of a nozzle made of ceramics having an injection port. A sheet member for seating the seat surface of the needle valve is formed on the nozzle body by sandwiching a ring-shaped intermediate member formed of a metal whose coefficient of thermal expansion is substantially the same as that of ceramics, and fusion-bonding them together. Is.
［作用］ 中間部材の熱膨張係数はセラミックスと略同等のため、
中間部材とセラックス製のノズル先端部との接続部に
は、無理な熱応力が働くことはない。また、針弁が、ノ
ズル本体のシート部に着座されたときの衝撃力が、中間
部材とノズル先端部とを分離させる力として直接働くこ
とはない。よってノズル先端部とノズル本体との接続は
維持される。[Operation] Since the thermal expansion coefficient of the intermediate member is almost the same as that of ceramics,
No undue thermal stress acts on the connection between the intermediate member and the tip of the CERAX nozzle. Further, the impact force when the needle valve is seated on the seat portion of the nozzle body does not directly act as a force for separating the intermediate member and the nozzle tip portion. Therefore, the connection between the nozzle tip and the nozzle body is maintained.
［実施例］ 以下に、この発明に係る噴射ノズル構造の好適一実施例
を添付図面に基づいて説明する。[Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the jet nozzle structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図に示す如く円筒状に形成された金属製のノズル本
体１には、これに針弁２が昇降自在に収容されている。
ノズル本体１は、鉄または鉄系金属によって構成されて
いる。ノズル本体１は、その先端部の内周面に、針弁２
のシート面２ａを気密に着座させるためのシート部３ａ
を有している。シート部３ａには、その表面の耐摩耗性
を向上すべく表面硬化層９が形成されている。表面硬化
層９は、セラミックスの溶射や耐熱耐蝕合金の溶着、窒
化処理、高周波焼入処理又はシート部３ａの表面に平面
ひずみを生じさせて加工硬化させることにより形成され
る。As shown in FIG. 1, a needle valve 2 is housed in a metallic nozzle body 1 formed in a cylindrical shape so as to be vertically movable.
The nozzle body 1 is made of iron or iron-based metal. The nozzle body 1 has a needle valve 2 on the inner peripheral surface of its tip.
Seat portion 3a for airtightly seating the seat surface 2a of
have. A hardened surface layer 9 is formed on the sheet portion 3a to improve the wear resistance of the surface thereof. The surface hardened layer 9 is formed by thermal spraying of ceramics, welding of a heat and corrosion resistant alloy, nitriding treatment, induction hardening treatment, or work hardening by causing plane strain on the surface of the sheet portion 3a.
ノズル本体１には、その先端にリング状の中間部材３が
一体的に接続され、その中間部材３の先端には、セラミ
ックス（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４等）から構成されたノズル先端部４
が一体的に接続されている。中間部材３の材質は、熱膨
張係数がセラミックスと略同等のインコロイ、コバー
ル、４２アロイ等のＮｉ−Ｃｒ系特殊合金から構成され
ている。ノズル本体１と中間部材３との接続はビーム溶
接により、中間部材３とノズル先端部４の接続は、ブレ
ージング溶接によってなされる。A ring-shaped intermediate member 3 is integrally connected to the tip of the nozzle body 1, and a nozzle tip portion 4 made of ceramics (Si 3 N 4 or the like) is provided at the tip of the intermediate member 3.
Are integrally connected. The material of the intermediate member 3 is made of a Ni-Cr-based special alloy such as Incoloy, Kovar, 42 alloy, etc., which has a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of ceramics. The nozzle body 1 and the intermediate member 3 are connected by beam welding, and the intermediate member 3 and the nozzle tip 4 are connected by brazing welding.
ノズル先端部４は、針弁２の先端外周面に倣うように断
面Ｖ字形に形成されている。さらに、ノズル先端部４に
は、そのノズル先端部４にノズル先端部に供給された燃
料を噴出させるための噴口５を有している。噴口５は、
本実施例にあっては、ノズル先端部４の円周方向に間隔
をおいて複数設けられている。これらの噴口５は、セラ
ミックスの焼成と同時に形成することができるため、噴
口５の形状を異形なものとすることや噴口５の精度をよ
くすることができる。また、ノズル先端部４をセラミッ
クスにて構成することは噴口５の酸化腐食を抑えること
ができ寿命を大幅に長くすることができる。The nozzle tip portion 4 is formed in a V-shaped cross section so as to follow the tip outer peripheral surface of the needle valve 2. Further, the nozzle tip portion 4 has an injection port 5 for ejecting the fuel supplied to the nozzle tip portion 4 to the nozzle tip portion 4. Nozzle 5
In this embodiment, a plurality of nozzle tip portions 4 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. Since these nozzles 5 can be formed simultaneously with the firing of the ceramics, it is possible to make the nozzles 5 different in shape and improve the accuracy of the nozzles 5. Further, if the nozzle tip portion 4 is made of ceramics, the oxidative corrosion of the nozzle 5 can be suppressed and the life can be greatly extended.
ノズル先端部４の内周面４ａと針弁２の先端部の外周面
２ａとの間のクリアランスｔは、上記シート部３ａに針
弁２のシート面２ａが着座されたときにおいて、僅かな
ものとなるように設定されている。つまりこのクリアラ
ンスｔを、僅かに設定することによって、燃料を各噴口
５へ均一に案内し、燃料の切れをよくし、ノズル先端部
４に残留する燃料をなくして噴口５のカーボンづまりを
防止するものである。The clearance t between the inner peripheral surface 4a of the nozzle tip portion 4 and the outer peripheral surface 2a of the tip portion of the needle valve 2 is small when the seat surface 2a of the needle valve 2 is seated on the seat portion 3a. Is set to be That is, by setting this clearance t slightly, the fuel is uniformly guided to the respective injection ports 5, the fuel is cut off well, the fuel remaining at the nozzle tip portion 4 is eliminated, and the carbon clogging of the injection ports 5 is prevented. Is.
［発明の効果］ 以上要するに本発明によれば次の如き優れた効果を発揮
する。[Effects of the Invention] In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
(1) 中間部材に熱膨張係数がセラミックスと略同等な金
属を用いて中間部材とセラミックス製のノズル先端部と
を融接したので、その接続部に無理な熱応力が加えられ
ることを防ぐことができ、中間部材とノズル先端部との
接続強度を一定に保つことができる。また、金属製のノ
ズル本体に針弁のシート面を着座させるべくシート部を
形成して針弁の着座時に生じる衝撃力がノズル先端部と
中間部材との接続部に、互いを分離する力として直接働
かないようにしたので、中間部材とノズル先端部との接
続強度を一定に保つことができる。したがって金属製の
ノズル本体にセラミックス製のノズル先端部を一体に接
続することができる。(1) Since the intermediate member and the tip of the nozzle made of ceramics are fusion-bonded to each other by using a metal whose coefficient of thermal expansion is substantially the same as that of ceramics for the intermediate member, it is possible to prevent an excessive thermal stress from being applied to the connecting portion. Therefore, the connection strength between the intermediate member and the tip of the nozzle can be kept constant. Further, a seat portion is formed to seat the seat surface of the needle valve on the metallic nozzle body, and the impact force generated when the needle valve is seated is used as a force for separating the nozzle tip portion and the intermediate member from each other. Since it does not work directly, the connection strength between the intermediate member and the tip of the nozzle can be kept constant. Therefore, the ceramic nozzle tip can be integrally connected to the metal nozzle body.
(2) 小型で且つ安価な噴射ノズル構造を提供することが
できる。(2) It is possible to provide a small-sized and inexpensive jet nozzle structure.
第１図は本発明の好適一実施例を示す縦断面図である。 図中、１はノズル本体、２は針弁、２ａはシート面、３
は中間部材、３ａはシート部、４はノズル先端部、５は
噴口である。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a nozzle body, 2 is a needle valve, 2a is a seat surface, 3
Is an intermediate member, 3a is a sheet portion, 4 is a nozzle tip portion, and 5 is an injection port.
Claims (3)
本体と噴口を有するセラミックス製のノズル先端部とを
熱膨張係数からセラミックスと略同等の合金から形成さ
れたリング状の中間部材を挟んで一体に融接し、上記ノ
ズル本体に上記針弁のシート面を着座させるためのシー
ト部を形成したことを特徴とする噴射ノズル構造。1. A ring-shaped intermediate member in which a metal nozzle body for accommodating a needle valve in a vertically movable manner and a ceramic nozzle tip portion having an injection port are formed of an alloy substantially similar to ceramics in terms of a coefficient of thermal expansion. An injection nozzle structure characterized in that a seat portion for seating the seat surface of the needle valve is formed on the nozzle body by sandwiching and fusion welding them together.
溶接により接合された上記特許請求の範囲第１項記載の
噴射ノズル構造。2. The injection nozzle structure according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate member and the nozzle body are joined by beam welding.
ージング溶接にて接合された上記特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の噴射ノズル構造。3. The injection nozzle structure according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate member and the nozzle tip portion are joined by brazing welding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61239204A JPH0631585B2 (en) | 1986-10-09 | 1986-10-09 | Injection nozzle structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61239204A JPH0631585B2 (en) | 1986-10-09 | 1986-10-09 | Injection nozzle structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6394073A JPS6394073A (en) | 1988-04-25 |
| JPH0631585B2 true JPH0631585B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
Family
ID=17041281
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61239204A Expired - Lifetime JPH0631585B2 (en) | 1986-10-09 | 1986-10-09 | Injection nozzle structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0631585B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5211340A (en) * | 1991-08-27 | 1993-05-18 | Zexel Corporation | Fuel injector |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5921084U (en) * | 1982-07-31 | 1984-02-08 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Fuel injection nozzle for diesel engine |
-
1986
- 1986-10-09 JP JP61239204A patent/JPH0631585B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6394073A (en) | 1988-04-25 |
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