JPS6380023A - Mechanical governor for diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of black smoke at the time of accelerating, by supporting a floating lever and an eccentric lever both on a tension lever shaft, while forming an eccentric cylinder shaft in the eccentric lever, and fitting a long hole of a governor lever in this cylinder shaft. CONSTITUTION:A floating lever 7 and an eccentric lever 9 both are supported on a tension lever shaft 17 free of rotation. A cylinder shaft to be decentered from this tension lever 17 is formed in the eccentric lever 9, and a long hole of a governor lever 12 is fitted in this cylinder shaft. When engine speed goes up after a start spring 28 is compressed, an Angleiching spring 35 is compressed, pushing the eccentric lever 9, and the governor lever 12 is turned round to the fuel increment side by cam action of the cylinder shaft. With this constitution, excess of a fuel quantity at the time of accelerating is checked and thus the occurrence of black smoke is preventable.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a mechanical governor for a diesel engine.

(Prior art and its problems) The Angleich device provided in this type of governor applies pressure to the governor lever in the direction of increasing the amount of fuel injection when the engine speed decreases, and applies it in the direction of decreasing the amount of fuel injection when the engine speed increases. It is configured as follows.

Therefore, in the conventional Angleich device, an injection amount characteristic as shown by the broken line graph Y1 in FIG. 7 is obtained. If there is no Angleich device, an injection amount characteristic as shown by the virtual line graph Y2 in FIG. 7 is obtained.

However, when the engine is accelerating, especially in a separate engine equipped with a supercharging hole, the pressure rise by the supercharger turpin is delayed relative to the rotational speed J:, that is, there is a delay in supercharging, and there is a shortage of fuel air. . At that time, if fuel is supplied as in Yl or Y2 in FIG. 7, it will cause black smoke to be generated.

In addition, to reduce the generation of black smoke, for example, P3 in Figure 7.
For fuel from ' to P5! ) If the engine speed is lowered as shown in Y3, there will be a shortage of fuel as shown in P5' at the maximum output speed, which will cause a lack of output.

There are governors that use, for example, boost compensators to deal with the generation of black smoke, but the parts cost is high and the structure is complicated.

(Objective of the Invention) The object of the first and second inventions of the present application is to prevent the generation of black smoke during acceleration and to reach the maximum output rotation speed by giving the torque characteristic of the governor lever a reverse Angleich characteristic. When this happens, the necessary fuel injection a can be ensured to maintain the output.

In addition to the above object, the second invention also aims to improve the governor performance at low speeds by reducing the governor lever ratio at low speeds.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to solve the above problem, the first invention of the present application provides a tension lever that is biased toward the fuel increase side by a governor spring, a floating lever, and an eccentric lever on the tension lever shaft. The eccentric lever is supported rotatably, an eccentric cylindrical shaft eccentric from the tension lever shaft is formed on the eccentric lever, a long hole of the governor lever is fitted into the cylindrical shaft, and one end of the governor lever is used to inject fuel! It is connected to a 1m control rack, and the other end is connected to the tip of a floating lever via a pin, and the shifter rod is slidably provided on the floating lever, and one end of the shifter rod is brought into contact with the governor sleeve by an Angleich spring. A start spring is compressed between the tension lever and the floating lever, with the other end facing the eccentric lever, and after the start spring is compressed, the eccentric lever is pushed by the shifter rod as the rotational speed increases, causing a cam action on the cylinder shaft. This allows the governor lever to rotate around the pin in the fuel increasing side.

In addition, the second invention rotatably supports a tension lever that is biased toward the fuel increasing side by a governor spring on a tension lever shaft, and injects fuel from the tension lever shaft. The eccentric lever has an eccentric cylindrical shaft that is eccentric from the floating lever shaft, and the long hole of the governor lever is fitted to the eccentric n-axis, and one end of the governor lever is used to control fuel injection. The shifter rod is connected to the rack and the other end is connected to the tip of the floating lever through a pin, and the shifter rod is slidably provided on the floating lever, and one end of the shifter rod is brought into contact with the governor sleeve by an Angleich spring. With the other end facing the eccentric lever, a start spring is compressed between the tension lever and the floating lever, and during the start spring compression stroke, the governor lever moves around the eccentric cylinder shaft, and as the rotation speed increases after the start spring is compressed. The shifter rod pushes the eccentric lever and the cam action of the cylinder shaft rotates the governor lever around the pin to the fuel increasing side, and during high speed rotation the governor lever is rotated around the tension lever axis.

ing.

(Embodiment to which the first invention is applied) FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a governor according to the first invention of the present application. In this FIG. extends and supports the cabana 1 roller 76 at its tip so as to be movable in the axial direction, and also supports the governor weight 5 on the support 13 via the support shaft 14.
is rotatably supported. The governor weight 5 comes into contact with the governor sleeve 6, and as the rotational speed of the camshaft 11 increases, the governor weight 5 expands and pushes the governor sleeve 6 forward.

A tension lever shaft 17 that is approximately perpendicular to the camshaft 11 is fixed to the governor case 3 at a position above and in front of the camshaft 11, and a tension lever 8 is rotatable on the tension lever shaft 17 via a bearing. In addition to being supported by
A downwardly extending footing lever 7 and an eccentric lever 9 are rotatably supported.

The tension lever 8 is formed into an inverted rLJ shape, and a governor spring 10 is stretched between its rear upper end and the front end of the inner accelerator control lever 22. It is biased towards the side. control lever 2
2 is fixed to the control shaft 24, and the control shaft 2
4 is rotatably supported by the governor case 3 and extends outside the governor case 3.

In the O-ting lever 7 (in Fig. 2), a pair of left and right lever parts are integrally connected by a lower g connecting part 7a,
The entire structure is shaped like an upward U-shape. Also, the eccentric lever 9 has a pair of left and right lever portions connected together by a lower end connecting portion 9a, and is formed in an upward U-shape as a whole. The part of the eccentric lever 9 on the left side of FIG. 2 has an eccentric n that is eccentric downward from the tension lever @17.
A shaft 15 is formed, and a long hole 16 in the vertically intermediate portion of the governor lever 12 is fitted into the eccentric cylindrical shaft 15.

The lower end of the governor lever 12 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the floating lever 7 via a pin 32 parallel to the tension lever shaft 17, and the upper end of the governor lever 12 is connected via a link mechanism 19 as shown in FIG. and is connected to the fuel injection amount control rack 20. Link mechanism 19
consists of a cylindrical portion 019a, a rod member 19b, and a tension coil spring 21, and is configured such that both members 19a, 19b extend against the coil spring 21. The long hole 16 of the governor lever 12 is formed to be long in the vertical direction.

A recess 27 with an open rear end is formed at the lower end of the tension lever 8 in FIG. It is in contact with the lower end connecting portion 7a of the lever 7. That is, a start spring 28 is compressed between the lower end of the tension lever 8 and the lower end of the 20-ting lever 7, thereby biasing the floating lever 7 and the governor lever 12 backward, thereby increasing the fuel increase stroke at the time of starting. It is secured.

A cylindrical Angleich case 33 is fixed to the connecting portion 7a of the floating lever 26, and the shifter rod 26 is fitted into the Angleich case 33 so as to be movable in the front and rear directions. The shifter rod 26 is biased rearward by the Angleich spring 35 and the governor sleeve 6
It is configured to be able to move backward by a stroke S1 against the Angleich spring 35 by the governor force. As the Angleich spring 35, one having a stronger spring force than the start spring 28 is used, and the set load is increased.

The Angleich case 33 and the shifter rod 26 pass through a hole in the tension lever 8 and protrude forward.

A connecting portion 9a of the eccentric lever 9 is located in front of the front end of the shifter rod 26, and the connecting portion 9a is connected to the shifter rod 2.
Horse mackerel 1 facing the front end of 6 at a distance from the front? A star bolt 38 is screwed on. The tension lever 8 has an engaging pin 29 parallel to the tension lever shaft 17.
The pin 29 is engaged with the upper end hole 7b (FIG. 2) of the floating lever 7 with play in the circumferential direction, and the lower end pin 32 of the floating lever 7 and the eccentric lever An eccentric lever spring 36 is stretched between the lower end of the lever 9 and the lower end of the lever 9 . That is, the spring 36
The eccentric lever 9 is biased counterclockwise to keep it in constant contact with the shifter rod bolt, and the bolt 38 adjusts the spray layer at startup.

40 is a stop lever, which is rotatably supported on the upper wall of the governor case 3 via a stop lever @41. As shown in FIG. 3, the stop lever 40 faces a pin 42 at the front end of the fuel injection amount control rack 20 from the front.

Next, the operation will be explained. Before starting the engine, when no governor force is applied, when the control lever 22 shown in FIG.
31, but the governor lever 12 and floating lever 7 are pushed rearward by the start spring 28, thereby ensuring fuel increase M.

When the engine is started and accelerated from the above-mentioned state, first, the rotational speed increases while fuel injection rJJD increase at the time of starting is ensured by the set load of the star 1 spring 28. That is, this is the section P1 to P2 in FIG.

Next, the start spring 28 in FIG. 1 begins to be compressed.
Thereby floating lever 7 and governor lever 1
2 rotates clockwise around the center of the cylindrical shaft 15 in FIG. 3 to reduce fuel injection R. That is, in the section P2 to P4 in FIG. 7, the fuel injection amount is less than the fuel injection IT5 at the maximum output rotation speed P5.
The temperature drops to T4 and no black smoke is generated. Note that the Angleich spring 35 is not compressed at the above stage. 7th
This is the state of P4 in the figure.

As the rotational speed further increases, the compression of the start spring 28 is completed, and the shifter rod 26 now begins to compress the Angleich spring 35 and moves forward with respect to the floating lever 7, and the eccentric lever is moved through the adjuster bolt 38. Rotate 9 clockwise. Eccentric lever 9
As a result of the clockwise rotation, the eccentric cylinder shaft 15 in FIG. rotation) to increase the fuel injection amount. That is, section 1m P4 to P5 in FIG.

In this section, the fuel injection amount is less than T5, so no black smoke is generated.

When the shifter rod 26 in FIG. 1 moves through the stroke S1, the fuel injection amount necessary for the maximum output rotation speed is ensured as shown at point P5 in FIG. 7.

At the maximum output rotation speed P5, the governor lever 12, floating lever 7, and tension lever 8 move integrally, and the rotation speed is controlled by the balance between the governor spring 10 and the governor force.

To stop the Akebono in an emergency during high-speed driving, etc., move the stop lever 40 shown in FIG.
0 to the injection loss side and stop the engine.

(Embodiment to which the second invention is applied) As shown in FIG.
A floating lever shaft 18 is arranged at a spaced apart position on the control rack side), and as shown in FIG. 5, the upper end of the floating lever 7 is rotatably supported by the tension lever 8 via the floating lever shaft 18. ing. Therefore, the eccentric cylindrical shaft 15 of the floating lever 7 fits into the floating lever shaft 18 and is eccentric downward from the floating lever shaft 18, so that the governor lever 1
The second elongated hole 16 fits into the cylinder shaft 15.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the elongated hole 16 of the governor lever 12 is spaced apart from the tension lever @17 in the front-rear direction, and is movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the tension lever shaft 18.

The rest of the structure is the same as the structure of the first invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and the same parts as in the first invention are given the same numbers.

According to the structure of the second invention, the operation is substantially the same as that of the first invention, and black smoke is generated by rotating the governor lever 12 about the lower end pin 32 by rotating the cylinder 11 by 15 degrees. In addition to preventing this, the governor lever ratio is automatically changed between low speed and high speed.

That is, during low speed rotation, the start spring 28 shown in FIG.
By being compressed, the floating lever 7 and the governor lever 12 move relative to the tension lever 8, and the governor lever 12 rotates around the center of the cylinder 15 in FIG. 6. Therefore, the governor lever ratio at this time is jl /412, which is small, so the braking moment of the rack against the centrifugal force of the governor weight 5 becomes large, and the centrifugal force of the governor weight 5 can be used effectively, achieving stable low-speed rotation performance. Obtainable.

- When the blade rotates at high speed, the star 1 spring 28 is compressed and the floating lever 7 is moved to the tension lever 8.
The floating lever 7 and the governor lever 1
2 rotates integrally with the tension lever 8 about the tension lever shaft 17 shown in FIG. 6, and is rotationally controlled by the balance between the tension of the governor spring 10 and the governor force. Therefore, the governor lever ratio is j1°/j2′, which is larger than that at low speed rotation, and the response of the fuel injection amount control rack 20 becomes sensitive, making it possible to maintain high output at high speed.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the first invention of the present application, = (1) Black smoke generation due to excessive fuel injection amount during acceleration is caused by black smoke generation during rapid deceleration from maximum output rotation speed. This can be reliably prevented, and high output at the maximum output rotation speed can be sufficiently maintained.

That is, the eccentric lever 9 and the floating lever 7 are provided, the floating lever 7 is pivotally connected to the governor lever 12 via the pin 32, the eccentric cylindrical shaft 15 of the eccentric lever 9 is engaged with the elongated hole 16 of the governor lever 12, and the shifter rod 2
6 is slidably provided on the floating lever 7, one end of the shifter rod 26 is in contact with the governor sleeve 6, and the other end is opposed to the eccentric lever 9, so that the cylinder shaft 15 is moved as the rotation speed increases after the start spring is compressed. Since the governor lever 12 is rotated around the pin 32 in the fuel increasing side by the cam action, a so-called reverse Angleich characteristic can be exhibited during acceleration.

Therefore, if the amount of fuel injection is once lowered during acceleration to prevent the generation of black smoke, the reverse Angleich characteristic allows the fuel injection n to be returned to a predetermined value by the time the maximum output speed is reached. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of black smoke during acceleration and maintain high output at the maximum output rotation speed.

(2) In addition, by exhibiting the reverse Angleich characteristic, the torque can be reduced in response to a drop in rotational speed by sensitively responding to the change in speed, so it is suitable for working machines such as mowers that require quick speed adjustment. It is suitable for use and prevents so-called tiger mowing.

(3) It is equipped with a floating lever 7 and an eccentric lever 9, and by devising an Angleich spring device, it is possible to achieve a reverse Angleich characteristic, so the parts cost is lower and economical than when equipped with a boost compensator, for example. It is true.

In addition to the effects of the first invention, the second invention has: (1) During low speed rotation, the governor lever 12 rotates around the eccentric cylinder shaft 15, so the governor lever ratio becomes small, and the rack braking moment with respect to the centrifugal force of the governor weight 5 is reduced. By increasing the size, the centrifugal force of the governor weight 5 can be effectively used, and the governor performance during low speed rotation is improved.

(2) During high-speed rotation, the governor lever 12 rotates around the tension lever shaft 17 that is integrated with the tension lever 8, so the governor lever ratio becomes larger than during low-speed rotation, making the response of the fuel injection amount control rack 20 more sensitive. Therefore, it is possible to maintain good governor performance at high speeds.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a mechanical governor to which the first invention of the present application is applied, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along II-I of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the governor lever taken along 4 is a vertical sectional view of a mechanical governor to which the second invention of the present application is applied, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line v-■ in FIG. 4, and FIG. is a fuel injection characteristic diagram. 6... Governor sleeve, 7... Floating lever, 8... Tension lever, 9... Eccentric lever, 10... Governor spring, 12... Governor lever, 15... Eccentric cylinder shaft, 16 ... Long hole, 17 ... Tension lever shaft, 18 ... Floating lever shaft, 20 ... Fuel injection amount control rack, 26 ... Shifter rod, 28 ... Start spring, 32 ... pin,
35... Angleichspring patent applicant Yanmar Diesel Co., Ltd. Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 7L Figure 6 l Figure 7

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A tension lever, a floating lever, and an eccentric lever, which are biased toward the fuel increase side by a governor spring, are rotatably supported on a tension lever shaft, and an eccentric cylinder is attached to the eccentric lever eccentrically from the tension lever shaft. A shaft is formed and a long hole of the governor lever is fitted into the cylindrical shaft, one end of the governor lever is connected to a fuel injection amount control rack, the other end is connected to the tip of a floating lever via a pin, and a shifter is connected. The rod is slidably provided on the floating lever, one end of the shifter rod is brought into contact with the governor sleeve by an Angleich spring, and the other end is opposed to the eccentric lever, and a start spring is compressed between the tension lever and the floating lever. As the rotation speed increases after the start spring is compressed, the eccentric lever is pushed by the shifter rod, and the governor lever is rotated around the pin in the fuel increasing side by the cam action of the cylinder shaft. Mechanical governor for diesel engines. (2) A tension lever that is biased toward the fuel increase side by a governor spring is rotatably supported on a tension lever shaft, and an eccentric lever and a floating lever are attached to a floating lever shaft that is eccentric from the tension lever shaft toward the fuel injection amount control rack side. The eccentric lever has an eccentric cylindrical shaft that is eccentric from the floating lever shaft, the long hole of the governor lever is fitted into the eccentric cylindrical shaft, and one end of the governor lever is connected to the fuel injection amount control rack. The other end is connected to the tip of the floating lever via a pin, and the shifter rod is provided to be slidable on the floating lever, and one end of the shifter rod is brought into contact with the governor sleeve by an Angleich spring, and the other end is eccentrically connected. A start spring is placed opposite the lever and compressed between the tension lever and the floating lever,
During the start spring compression stroke, the governor lever rotates around the eccentric cylinder shaft, and as the rotation speed increases after the start spring is compressed, the shifter rod pushes the eccentric lever, and the cam action of the cylinder shaft causes the governor lever to rotate around the pin. A mechanical governor for a diesel engine, characterized in that the governor lever is rotated to the increasing side, and the governor lever is rotated around the tension lever axis during high-speed rotation.