JPS6371426A - Power transmission device of four wheel drive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To vary a differential rotation-transmission torque characteristic over a wide range by providing a motor which is formed by connecting a resistor to an output terminal provided on either of a rotor and a stator in a power transmission route from a driving device to driving and driven wheels in a four wheel drive vehicle. CONSTITUTION:A motor 1 consists of a rotor 2, a stator 3 which is the housing of the rotor 2, and a resistor 5 connected to an output terminal 4 provided on the rotor 2, and the stator 3 is connected to a power source. Thereby, power generation braking corresponding to the load resistance R of the resistor 5 is carried out with the stator 3 as an input shaft and the rotor 2 as an output shaft, and its output torque T is generated in accordance with the inverse between the difference in rotation of the input shaft and the load resistance R. And, by varying the value of the load resistance R from zero to infinity, the output torque T can be varied from the maximum torque of the motor 1 to zero. And, the motor 1 thus formed is provided in the power transmission route from a driving device to driving and driven wheels in a four wheel drive vehicle.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle.

(Prior art) A viscous coupling (V
, C). This is an application of the fact that a highly viscous fluid such as silicone oil is placed between rotary plates fixed to the inner and outer cylinders, and the shear viscous resistance of the fluid is proportional to the shear velocity, and the difference between the input and output rotations ( The relationship between ω1-ω2) and output torque (T) is generally as shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 shows an example of a power train employing viscous compression rings (V, C) for a four-wheel drive vehicle (hereinafter abbreviated as 4WD vehicle).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the characteristics of the viscous coupling (V, C) shown in FIG. 19 depend on the number of internal rotating plates.

Since it is determined by the diameter and viscosity of the fluid, it cannot be easily changed, and in the full-time 4WD vehicle shown in Figure 17, the optimal differential rotation is determined depending on the road surface conditions such as dry, wet, snow, and rough roads. Even though the transmission torque characteristics are different, since these characteristics cannot be changed, we had no choice but to compromise with intermediate characteristics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power transmission device for a 4WD vehicle in which differential rotation-transmission torque characteristics can be easily and widely changed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a 4WD vehicle in which the driving device (41) to the driven wheels (48), (4
In the power transmission path to the rotor (2) and stator (3)
) with a resistor (5) at the output terminal provided on either side.

The present invention is characterized in that an electric motor (1) formed by connecting (8) is provided.

(Function) The electric motor (1) operates as a generator and converts the mechanical energy of its rotating part into electrical energy.

Through dynamic braking in which this is consumed as heat within the resistors (5) and (8), a transmitted torque (T) corresponding to the input/output rotation difference (ω1-ω2) is obtained.

Therefore, simply by changing the load resistance (R), it becomes possible to easily and significantly change the rotational difference-transmitted torque characteristic.

(Example) Examples will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

First, before going into an example of a 4WD vehicle, a simple basic example will be explained for easy understanding.

Figure 1 shows the first basic example5, (1) is an electric motor,
This electric motor (1) consists of a rotor (2), a stator (3) forming its housing, and a resistor (5) connected to an output terminal (4) provided on the rotor (2). ,stator(
3) is connected to a power source.

According to this, the stator (3) is the input shaft and the rotor (2) is the input shaft.
With the output shaft as the output shaft, dynamic braking is performed according to the load resistance (R) of the resistor (5), and the output torque (T) is determined by the rotation difference (ω1-ω2) of the input shaft and the load resistance as shown in Figure 2. (R)
Occurs according to the reciprocal of.

Here, if the value of (R) is changed from O to infinity, the output torque (T) will change from the maximum torque of the motor (1) to almost O.
It is possible to change up to.

FIG. 3 shows a second basic example, which is combined with a differential gear device (11), hereinafter abbreviated as differential.
11) Drive - The gear (12) is connected to a power source, the driven gear (13) placed opposite to it is connected to the rotor (2) of the electric motor (1), and the stator (3) is connected to the drive gear (12). A resistor (5) is connected by fixing it to the vehicle body (B) side. and intermediate gear (1
4)., the gear (1B) is attached to the gear (15) that holds (14).
). In the figure, (N+) and CN2) indicate the respective number of teeth.

According to this, due to the braking action of the driven gear (13),
A differential rotation occurs between the driving gear (12) and the rotation of the intermediate gears (+4) and (+4) between the two, which transmits the rotation to the gear (15), which is further output to the gear (16). As shown in FIG. 4, the output torque (T2=2-TM) is generated depending on the rotation of the driven gear (13) (ω range=2-02-ω1) and the load resistance (R).

In this way, the stator (3) can be fixed, and the output torque can be controlled with a motor torque smaller than the rotational torque of the power source.

Fig. 5 shows the third basic example, and shows the drive gear (21) of the differential (21).
A pair of driven gears (24) and (25) are arranged facing each other on the left and right sides of the intermediate gears (23), (23) held in The stator (3) is fixed to the vehicle body (B) and the resistor (5) is connected to the stator (2). and drive gear (22)
A gear (20) that meshes with is connected to a power source.

According to this, one of the driven gears (24) meshes with the intermediate gears (23), (23) held by the drive gear (22).
), a differential rotation occurs between the two driven gears (25) and the intermediate gears (23) and ('23).
) rotation is outputted to the other driven gear (25). The output torque (T2-TM) is generated according to the electric current ω1+ω2) and the load resistance (R) as shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 shows the fourth basic example, in which the drive gear (
32) to a power source, and an intermediate gear (34) meshing with a driven gear (33) disposed opposite thereto.

A gear (36) is meshed with 1F (35) that holds (34), and this gear (36) is connected to the rotor (2) of the electric motor (1).
) is connected to I7, the stator (3) is fixed to the vehicle body (B) side, and the resistor (5) is connected.

According to this, there is a difference between the drive gear (32) and the driven gear (33) due to the braking action of the gear (36) that meshes with the teeth/lB55) that hold the intermediate teeth 4j (34), (34). Rotation occurs, and the intermediate gear between the two (34), (34)
The rotation is outputted to the driven tooth T4j (33). The rotation of the gear (36) on the output torque machine (1) side (ωM-
□・In the above description, a bevel gear type differential was used, but it goes without saying that a planetary gear type differential may also be used.

Next, an embodiment applied to a 4WD vehicle will be described.

FIG. 9 shows the first embodiment, which uses the first basic example, in which (41) is a drive device consisting of an engine and a transmission, (42) is a propulsion shaft, (43) is a front differential, ( 44) are the left and right front wheels that form the main drive wheels, (45)
is its drive shaft, (46) is the rear differential, (47) is the left and right rear wheels forming the slave drive wheels, (48) is its drive shaft, and M
The linear shaft (42) is divided in front of the rear differential (46), and the stator (3) of the electric motor (1) is connected to its input side, and the rotating f-(2) is connected to its output side. Connect the variable resistor (6) to the output terminal A (4).

According to this, the driving torque of the rear wheels (47), (47) (
T) has the characteristics shown in FIG. 1O, and the drive torque characteristics can be easily changed by adjusting the resistance value (R) of the variable resistor (6).

FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment using the fourth embodiment, in which the rotational torque of the drive device (41) is transmitted to the mE propulsion shaft 42) via gears (51) and (52), and this propulsion shaft (42)
is divided in front of the rear differential (46) and installed in the center differential (3).
1). That is, the drive gear (32) of the center differential (31) is connected to the input side, and the driven gear (33) is connected to the output side, and the gear (35) holding the intermediate gears (34) and (34) mesh with each other. The rotor (2) of the electric motor (1) is connected to the matching gear (36), the stator (3) is fixed to the vehicle body, and the variable resistor (6) is connected.

FIG. 12 shows a third embodiment, in which the conventional rear differential is discarded and electric motors (1) and (+) are provided on the left and right drive shafts (48) and (4B), respectively. That is, electric motors (1), (1) are attached to the left and right drive shafts (48), (48), respectively.
rotors (2), (2) are connected, and its output terminal (4)
, (4) are connected to the resistors (5), (5) respectively, and the left and right stators (3), (3) are joined together, and a gear (53) is fixed on the outer periphery of the stator (53). A gear (54) meshing orthogonally with (53) is provided at the rear end of the propulsion shaft (42).

In this way, the rear differential gear can be omitted, and the differential lock mechanism can be removed.

FIG. 13 shows the fourth embodiment, in which the rotation radii of the left and right front wheels (44), (44) and rear wheels (47), (47) are (R1), (R2),
(R3).

(R4), front differential (43) and rear differential (46).
) as (Nl) and (N2), respectively,
If the relationship is set as follows, the electric motor (1
), a differential rotation (ω1-ω2) occurs.

As a result, as shown in Fig. 14, an offset occurs in the rising-L portion of the torque characteristic. In other words, even when there is no differential rotation between the front and rear wheels, by adjusting the value of the load resistance (R) of the electric motor (1), , rear wheel (47).

(47) A driving force can be generated.

Such a method can be applied to other embodiments, and can also be implemented using the second basic example or the third basic example,
Of course, it is also possible to use the iiJ variable resistance resistor in the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment.

(Effect of the invention) As described below-1-, according to the present invention, 4 W D ilf
Power generation during the power transmission path from the drive unit to the driven wheels)1
1] Since the electric motor that performs the rotation is provided, the differential rotation-transmission torque characteristics can be easily changed over a wide range.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram showing a simple first basic example to help understand the present invention, Figure 2 is its torque characteristic diagram, and Figures 3 and 4 are configuration diagrams and torque characteristics of the second basic example. Figures 5 and 6 are the configuration diagram and torque characteristic diagram of the second basic example, Figures 7 and 8 are the configuration diagram and torque characteristic diagram of the fourth basic example, and Figure 9 is the configuration diagram and torque characteristic diagram of the fourth basic example.
The figure is a power train diagram of a 4WD vehicle showing the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 10 is its torque characteristic diagram, Figure 11 is a power train diagram of the second embodiment, and Figure 12 is the power train diagram of the third embodiment. The train diagram, Figures 13 and 14 are the power train diagram and torque characteristic diagram of the fourth embodiment, Figure 15 is a conventional basic configuration diagram using a viscous coupling, and Figure 16 is its torque characteristic diagram. Figure 17 is a powertrain diagram of a 4WD vehicle using a hiscus coupling. In addition, in the drawing, 5 (1) is the electric motor, (2) is the rotor, and (3)
is the stator, (4) is the output terminal, (5) is the resistor, (6)
is a variable resistor, (+1), (21), (31) is a differential, (41) is a drive device, (42) is a propulsion shaft, (43
) is the front I differential, (44) is the main drive wheel, (45) is the drive shaft, (46) is the rear differential, (47) is the slave drive wheel, (
48) is a drive shaft. Patent applicant: Agent for Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
Patent Attorney Part 2 1) Patent Attorney at the Department of Technology Kuni Ohashi, Patent Attorney at the Department
Udo Koyama Patent Attorney No 1
) Shigeru Figure 15 Off Sezuto C Figure 16

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a four-wheel drive vehicle in which the rotational torque of the drive device is directly connected to and transmitted to the main drive wheels and also transmitted to the slave drive wheels, an output provided on either the rotor or the stator. A power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, characterized in that an electric motor having a resistor connected to a terminal is interposed in a power transmission path from the drive device to the driven wheels. (2) In claim 1, a transmission shaft provided in the power transmission path is divided, and one of the rotor or stator is connected to one of the transmission shafts, and the other of the transmission shaft is connected to the rotor or the stator. A power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, characterized in that the other of the child and the stator are connected. (3) In claim 1, the propulsion shaft from the drive device to the driven drive wheels is divided into front and rear parts and a differential gear device is interposed therebetween, and an intermediate gear or a driven gear of the differential gear device is provided with a differential gear device. A power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, characterized in that the rotor is connected to the stator and the stator is fixed to a vehicle body side.