JPS6368691A - Lubricant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a lubricant which imparts slippage promoting and bulk density increasing effects to a particulate material irrespective of the moisture content of the material and which comprises a fluorinated surfactant as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A fluorinated surfactant with a hydrophobic group of a fluorocarbon chain having a 1-20C, pref. 4-12C fluoroalkyl, pref. perfluoroalkyl group (e.g., a fluoroalkyl phosphate) is mixed, if necessary, with a hydrocarbon- based surfactant which is an anionic, cationic or nonionic surfactant (e.g., a dialkyl sulfosuccinate) to obtain a lubricant. This lubricant may be added as it is, in a liq. or powder form, to a particulate material in an amt. of 0.005-0.5wt%. Alternatively, the lubricant may be added in the form of an aq. soln. with a concn. of 0.1-20wt%. This lubricant is esp. useful as a lubricant for coals to be employed in the manufacturing of coke.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a lubricant that imparts a slip-promoting effect and a bulk density-improving effect to powder and granular materials.

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, in order to produce high-quality coke for blast furnaces with high coke strength, strong coking coal from the United States, Canada, Australia, etc. has been imported and used, but in recent years, there have also been major deposits of high-quality strong coking coal. As coke continues to be depleted, there is a strong desire for a treatment method that reduces the blending ratio of strongly coking coal without causing deterioration in the quality of coke, and various methods have been proposed. Among these methods, for example, modification of blending technology and pulverization technology, preheating coal, humidity control coal, molded coal charging method, molded coke method, etc. Since methods such as the single granule coal method and the mechanical bulk density improvement method require large-scale equipment or equipment modification, oiling methods and surfactant aqueous solution addition methods have been proposed as methods that do not require large-scale equipment.

The oiling method involves mixing oil such as heavy oil, which not only worsens the working environment due to odor and flammability, but also causes deterioration of the transportation rubber belt, and if the moisture content is less than 7%, it generates a lot of dust during transportation and charging. , moisture content 8
% or more, the sliding effect and the bulk density improvement effect deteriorate. In addition, in coal storage yards, the moisture content of coal is 8 to 12% due to watering and rainfall to prevent dust, and the oiling method has little effect on improving bulk density.

The surfactant aqueous solution addition method is a method in which a surfactant is added as a lubricant to give the coal a sliding promoting effect and a bulk density improving effect when carbonizing coal to produce coke. The aim is to prevent line clogging, improve productivity by increasing bulk density, and improve coke quality (coke strength). A conventional hydrocarbon surfactant is used as the lubricant, and is added as an aqueous solution of 1 to 20% by weight.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, such conventional lubricants have poor miscibility with powdered materials such as coal, so they must be diluted with water before being added. There are problems in that the water content increases by as much as 0.1 to 10% by weight, resulting in an increase in the amount of heat of carbonization and an extension of the carbonization time. Further, such a surfactant aqueous solution addition method is less effective than the oiling method when the moisture content of coal, etc. is low, and there is a problem in that it is necessary to use different chemicals depending on the moisture content.

This invention solves the above-mentioned problems and achieves a high sliding promoting effect regardless of the moisture content of the powder and granules, thereby increasing the bulk density of the powder and preventing clogging and adhesion during transportation. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lubricant that can produce high-quality coke with good productivity when used in coal for coke production.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides (1) a lubricant containing a fluorosurfactant as an active ingredient, and (2) a lubricant containing a fluorosurfactant and a hydrocarbon surfactant as an active ingredient.

The fluorine-based surfactant used in the present invention is a fluorine-based surfactant having a fluorocarbon chain as a hydrophobic group, and has a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably a perfluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group. It is appropriate to have one. The parent group preferably includes carboxylates, sulfonates, phosphate esters, ethylene oxide, ammonium salts, amines, acid amides, betaines, etc. Salts include lithium, sodium, calcium, potassium, etc. alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts; ammonium salts; alkylamine acids such as methylamine and ethylamine; alkanolamine salts such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine;
Halogen salts such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine; acetic acid,
Examples include acid salts such as phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid.

Examples of such fluorine-based surfactants are C-C2.
Fluoroalkyl carboxylic acid salts (including perfluoroalkyl, the same shall apply hereinafter) of Examples include salts, fluoroalkylsulfonamides, and the like.

These fluorosurfactants may be used singly or in combination as a lubricant. Further, the above-mentioned fluorine-based surfactant may be used in combination with other components, and in particular, when used in combination with a hydrocarbon-based surfactant, a synergistic effect can be obtained.

Hydrocarbon surfactants include anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants that have traditionally been used as lubricants. Examples of these include soaps, higher alcohol sulfate ester salts, and higher alkyl ether sulfate ester salts. , alkylbenzene sulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, α-olefin sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, dithiophosphate ester salt, amine salt type cationic surfactant, quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant, amino acid type amphoteric Surfactants, higher alcohol ethylene oxide adducts, alkylphenol ethylene oxide adducts, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers and esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ethers and esters, fatty acid ethylene oxide adducts, polypropylene glycol ethylene oxide adducts, glycerin and penta Examples include fatty acid esters of erythritol, fatty acid esters of sorbitol and sorbitan.

When a fluorine-based surfactant and a hydrocarbon-based surfactant are blended, the appropriate blending ratio of the fluorine-based surfactant is 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.1% by weight or more based on the entire composition. A certain lubricant of the present invention may contain other components in addition to the above components.

The lubricant of the present invention may be used as a undiluted solution or powder, or as a 0.1
It is used by adding it to powder or granules as an aqueous solution in the range of ~20% by weight. When using a fluorine-based surfactant alone, it is preferable to add it in the form of a undiluted solution or powder, and when a fluorine-based surfactant and a hydrocarbon surfactant are used together, it is preferable to add it in the form of a undiluted solution or an aqueous solution. preferable. The amount of the lubricant added varies depending on the type, properties, purpose, etc. of the powder or granules to be added, but is generally about o, oos to 0.5% by weight.

The method of use differs depending on the type of granular material to be used, but in the case of coal for coke production, one coat of the lubricant of the present invention is added to the coal from the time it is piled up to the time it is discharged, mixed and crushed, and before it is charged into a coke oven. It may be dispersed by any suitable method, and a coal mixer, a pulverizer, a belt conveyor transfer section, etc. may be provided along the way to mix the mixture throughout, or it may be added in two or more portions. The amount of lubricant added to the coal varies depending on the moisture content of the coal, but may be from o, oos to 0.5% by weight (based on dry coal), especially when used in combination with other hydrocarbon surfactants. The agent may be added in an amount of 0.00001% by weight or more.

In the case of coal for coke production, the object to be treated with the lubricant of the present invention may be any of strongly caking coal, weakly caking coal, slightly caking coal, non-caking coal, oil coke, and petroleum pitch. In addition, the present invention may include not only powdered coal but also briquette charcoal. Processing targets other than coal include fine iron ore, manganese ore, limestone, gypsum, iron sand, fluorite, and cement clinker.
1 Contains any powder or granules such as water slag, serpentine, dust, talcum powder, etc. These powders and granules are subject to treatment regardless of their moisture content, but since the amount of hydrocarbon surfactant added to the lubricant is large, it is preferable to have a low moisture content when adding it in the form of an aqueous solution. .

When the lubricant of the present invention is added to powder or granules, the bulk density improves due to the slip promoting effect, so in the case of coal for coke production,
The strength of coke is improved regardless of the moisture content of the coal, the blending ratio of poor quality coal can be increased, the blending ratio of briquette coal can be lowered, and productivity can be improved. In addition, regardless of whether coal or other powder or granules are used, the conveyor
Blockage or adhesion of transfer lines such as hoppers is prevented, and dust is also prevented.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In the examples, % indicates weight %.

Example 1 The lubricant shown in Table 1 was added to 2.5 kg of pulverized coal for coke production with a particle size of 3 mm or less, 85%, and a moisture content of 9.5%, and after stirring for 1 minute with a hand mixer, it was dropped to a height of 1.4 m. The sample was dropped from a hopper into a container with a capacity of 1.5Q and a diameter of 131 mm, and the bulk density was measured by weight measurement after grinding. The results are shown in Table 1.

From the above results, it can be seen that the samples of Examples have a high rate of increase in bulk density compared to the blank, and have a large slip promoting effect. It can also be seen that a synergistic effect is obtained when a fluorosurfactant and a hydrocarbon surfactant are used in combination, but this effect is limited to the case where they are used together with a hydrocarbon surfactant.

Example 2 A 10% diluted solution of the Nα4 lubricant shown in Table 1 was added to coal with a water content of 8.5% and 82% of which had a particle size of 3 m+i or less at the inlet of a coal blending machine, resulting in O and OS weight % per dry coal. It was distributed like this. The chemically treated coal was placed in a coal tower and allowed to stand still for about a day, then charged into an actual furnace with a height of 5 m, a furnace width of 40 cm, and a length of 10.5 m, using the same operating method as for normal chemical-free injection. Manufactured coke. As a result, the amount charged in the coke oven and the amount of coke produced increased by 4.0% compared to when no chemicals were poured.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to this invention, since the fluorine-based surfactant is used as a component, a high slip-promoting effect can be obtained regardless of the moisture content of the powder and granular material. Therefore, the bulk density of the powder and granular material can be increased, and the bulk density of the powder material can be increased. When used as coal for coke production, high quality coke can be produced with good productivity. Furthermore, when a fluorine-based surfactant and a hydrocarbon-based surfactant are used together, the synergistic effect can enhance the slip-promoting effect, and the amount of the fluorine-based surfactant added can be reduced.

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A lubricant characterized by containing a fluorine-based surfactant as an active ingredient. (2) The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the fluorine-based surfactant has a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. (3) The lubricant according to claim 2, wherein the fluoroalkyl group is a perfluoroalkyl group. (4) A lubricant characterized by containing a fluorosurfactant and a hydrocarbon surfactant as active ingredients. (5) The lubricant according to claim 4, wherein the fluorine-based surfactant has a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. (6) The lubricant according to claim 5, wherein the fluoroalkyl group is a perfluoroalkyl group. (7) The lubricant according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the hydrocarbon surfactant is an anionic, cationic, or nonionic surfactant.