JPS6368016A - Transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a transplanter equipped with a transplanting device for taking out seedlings one by one from a seedling stand and planting them in a field.

[Prior art and its problems]

In conventional transplanters, the operating speed of the transplanter when planting seedlings in the field is constant, and the reciprocal movement of the transplanter varies depending on the field conditions (size of slip ratio) and the change in the number of planted seedlings. Due to changes in the operating speed, etc., the planting posture of the seedlings changes, making it impossible to properly plant the seedlings.

[Technical means to solve problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, this invention is equipped with a transplanting device that is attached to a machine that moves forward by an appropriate drive device, and that moves back and forth between a seedling stand and a field to plant seedlings in the field. This transplanter is characterized in that the operating speed of the transplanter when planting seedlings in a field can be changed.

[Function and effect of the invention]

According to this invention, the transplanter is characterized in that the operating speed of the transplanting device when planting seedlings in the field can be changed, so that it can be adjusted by changing the spacing of seedlings or the size of the slip rate in the field. By changing the operating speed of the transplanting device when planting seedlings, it is possible to always ensure that the planting posture of the seedlings by the transplanting device is appropriate.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A riding-type rice transplanter which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 is a passenger towing vehicle, in which a front transmission case 3 and a rear transmission case 4 are provided below a flat control step floor 2, and a front axle case is installed on both left and right sides of the rear side of the front mission case 3. A pair of left and right front wheels 5°5 are provided to be rotated by transmission, and transmission cases 6.6 are provided on both left and right sides of the rear transmission case 4.
, the rear shafts 7, 7 are installed, and the step floor 2 is installed.
A frame body 8 for attaching an operating lever etc. is provided upright on the front part of the frame body 8, and a handle 9 is provided to this via a steering post,
A cover 11 covering an engine 10 is provided behind a handle 9, and a control seat 12 is mounted on the cover 11.

Reference numeral 13.13 denotes columns, which are erected on the connecting frame 14 connecting the left and right transmission cases 6.degree. 6 at a predetermined interval from side to side.

Reference numeral 15 is a lifting link, and a pair of left and right lower links 15a, 15
a and the base side of the single upper link 15b is the support column 13.1.
3 via a pin, the distal end side is connected by a vertical link 16, and the elevating link 15 is configured to be moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder device 17.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a transplanting machine, which is made up of a transmission case 19, a seedling tank 2o that reciprocates from side to side, a transplanting device 21, and soil leveling floats 22, 23, 23, etc. at the center and sides. is attached to a supporting body 24 integral with the vertical link 16 via a support shaft 25 so as to be able to roll freely. The transmission case 19 is a main transmission case 19a.
It is made up of vertical transmission cases 19b, 19b, 19b and vertical transmission cases 19c, 19c, 19C extending rearward.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a seedling receiving frame, which extends laterally along the lower end of the seedling tank 2o, and has a seedling dividing opening 27° 27 through which the seedlings placed in the seedling tank 20 can be divided.・We have established.

The transplant device 21 is composed of the following members. That is, a drive shaft 28 protruding outward and laterally is mounted on the longitudinal transmission case 19c so as to be rotated as appropriate, and the distal end of the drive shaft 28 is provided in a square shape. and,
A rotating case 29 is attached to this drive shaft 28. The rotation case 29 is attached by fitting the square shaft portion on the tip side of the drive shaft 28 so that the rotation case 29 is rotated integrally with the drive shaft 28. 30 is a fixed metal whose base portion is fixed to the transmission case 19, and whose distal end side extends into the rotating case 29 so as to wrap around the drive shaft 28. A hole eccentric to the drive shaft 28 is bored on the tip side of the fixed metal 30. 31 is a sun gear, the boss portion of which is connected to the fixed metal 30.
A key 31a is fitted into the hole of the metal 31 and interposed between the key 31a and the metal 31, so that the sun gear 31 does not rotate and the rotating case 29
It is designed to fit inside. The sun gear 31 is provided so that its center is eccentric with respect to the axis A of the drive shaft 28.

32. 32 is a counter planetary gear that meshes with the sun gear 31 and is rotated by the rotation of the rotating case 29.

33. 33 is a planetary gear in which the implant drive shaft 34 is integrally provided, and is located within the distal end side of the rotating case 29.
It is meshed with the counter planetary gear 32°32. The implant drive shaft 34 is elongated toward the side opposite to the transmission case 19, and its distal end is formed into a square shaft 34a.

A transmission mechanism A is constituted by these sun gear 31, counter planetary gears 32, 32, and planetary gears 33, 33.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a transplanting tool, which is comprised of a transplanting tool main body 35a with a hollow case-like interior, and two needle-like bodies attached to this main body 35a.
7, an interlocking member 38 housed in the case, a cam body 39,
It is made of spring 40 etc. The cam body 39 is provided with a hole through which the implant drive shaft 34 is passed, and the boss portion 39a thereof is extended.
The cam body 3 is attached in such a manner that it fits into the square hole C.
9 is configured to be rotated integrally with the rotating case 29. The seedling extrusion fork 37 has its upper and lower middle portions attached to the transplanter main body 35a so as to be able to freely slide up and down, and a forked fork piece 37a is integrally fixed to the lower protruding end. The interlocking member 38 interlocks the cam body 39 and the upper end of the fork 37, and 41 is its fulcrum pin. When the tip of the seedling transplanting claw 36 is located at Pl in its trajectory (when planting the seedling in the soil), the cam floor 38a of the interlocking member 38 corresponds to the cutout 2 provided on the cam body 39, and the interlocking The member 38 is rotated by the spring 40 in the rearward direction to rapidly move the seedling extrusion fork 37 in the backward direction.

Reference numeral 42 denotes a mounting bracket for attaching the main body 35a of the transplanter 35 and the transplanter drive shaft 34;
is a square hole 42a that fits into the square shaft 34a of the drive shaft 34;
A bolt insertion hole 42b is formed to be fixed to the outer surface of the transplant main body 35a.

The bolt insertion hole 42b is provided in an arc shape around the drive shaft 34, and when the metal fitting 42 is attached to the transplant main body 35a with the bolt 43, the main body 35a rotates around the drive shaft 34 as appropriate. It is configured to be adjustable.

In addition, the mounting bracket 42 and the drive shaft 34 are connected to the square shaft 3 by means of a rotary pin 44 whose peripheral surface is partially cut into a tapered shape in the axial direction.
4a, and when this pin 44 is removed, the entire transplantation tool 35 can be adjusted to move in the axial direction of the transplantation tool drive shaft 34.

Further, the mounting bracket 42 is provided with an engaging portion 42c that fits into the insertion hole 35b of the transplanter 35 through which the transplanter drive shaft 34 is inserted.

In the figure, 46 indicates a ball bearing, and 47 indicates an oil seal.

Next, to explain the power transmission mechanism of the transplanting work machine 18, there is a PT on the rear transmission case 4 of the passenger towing vehicle 1.
An O drive case 48 is fixedly provided, and power is transmitted from the front missigon case 3 through a transmission shaft 49.
A connecting shaft 5 having universal joints 51 at both ends is connected to the transplanting machine 18 by a PTo drive shaft 50.
The power is transmitted through 2.

An intermediate shaft 53 is provided in the PTO drive case 48 parallel to the transmission shaft 49 and the PTO drive shaft 50, and the transmission shaft 49 and the intermediate shaft 5
An inter-stock transmission mechanism 54 is provided between the PTO drive shaft 5 and the PTO drive shaft 5.
0 and the intermediate shaft 53 is provided with a PTO angular velocity changing mechanism 55 consisting of an eccentric toothed wheel. Also, the intermediate shaft 53 has a clutch mechanism 56 that turns on and off the power to the PTO drive shaft 50.
is provided.

The inter-plant transmission mechanism 54 has the following configuration.

Large, medium and small gears 57, 58 and 59 are rotatably supported on the transmission shaft 49 without being able to move in the axial direction, and large, medium and small gears 57, 58 and 59 are supported on the intermediate shaft 53 and are not movable in the axial direction. A gear 60 integrally formed with meshing small, medium, and large gears 60a, 60b, and 60C is pivotally provided, and the transmission shaft 49 is provided with a long groove 61 in the axial direction. An engaging body 65 having engaging convex portions 65a that engages with grooves 62, 63, and 64 provided in the gears 57, 58, and 59 is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the base end of the engaging body 65 is connected to the transmission shaft 49. A boss 67 is fitted onto the outside of the shaft and is movable in the axial direction by a shift lever 66. The boss 67 is biased in the A direction by a compression spring 68 and pivotally supported by a pin 69.

Accordingly, the rotation speed of the PTO transmission shaft 50 relative to the transmission shaft 49 is configured to be changed depending on which of the large, medium, and small gears 57, 58, and 59 the engagement protrusion 65a of the engagement body 65 engages with the shift lever 66. has been done.

The PTO angular velocity changing mechanism 55 has the following configuration.

Eccentric gears 70 and 71 and spur gear 7 with the same number of teeth are mounted on the intermediate shaft 53.
2 cannot be moved in the axial direction, and the intermediate shaft 53 is moved by the key 73.
The PTO transmission shaft 50 has eccentric gears 74 and 75 and a spur gear 76 having the same number of teeth that mesh with the eccentric gears 70 and 71 and the spur gear 72, and which cannot be moved in the axial direction. The PTO transmission shaft 50 is provided with a long groove 77 in the axial direction, and grooves 78 and 79 are provided at the tips of the eccentric gears 74 and 75 and the spur gear 76 within the groove 77.
- An engaging body 81 having an engaging convex portion 81a that engages with 80 is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the base end of the engaging body 81 is PT.
A boss 83 is fitted onto the O transmission shaft 50 and is movable in the axial direction by a shift lever 82. The boss 83 is biased toward the mouth by a compression spring 84 and pivotally supported by a pin 85.

However, when the engagement protrusion 81a of the engagement body 81 is engaged with the spur gear 76 by the shift lever 82, the PTO transmission shaft 50
rotates at a constant speed. Next, the engaging protrusion 81a is attached to the eccentric gear 74.
When engaged, the PTO transmission shaft 50 rotates at an inconstant speed during one rotation, and the seedling transplanting molds 36 move between the lower part of the trajectory for planting seedlings in the field and the upper part of the trajectory for taking out the seedlings from the seedling platform 20. In this case, the operating speed of the seedling transplanting type 36 becomes relatively slow. Next, when the engaging convex portion 81a is engaged with the eccentric gear 75, the PTO transmission shaft 50 rotates at an inconstant speed during one rotation, and the seedling transplanting molds 36 move to the lower part of the locus where the seedlings are planted in the field. The operation speed of the seedling transplanting molds 36 becomes relatively fast at the upper part of the trajectory where the seedlings are taken out from the seedling stand 20.

The clutch mechanism 56 has the following configuration.

A clutch body 86 having a clutch pawl 86a on the intermediate shaft 53
The clutch body 86 of the gear 6O is provided so as to be freely movable in the axial direction and rotated integrally with the intermediate shaft 53 by a key 87.
A clutch pawl 60d that engages with the clutch pawl 86a only in a certain phase is integrally provided on the side, and the clutch body 86 is biased in a convex direction by a compression spring 88. Then, by operating the operating lever 89 provided near the control seat 12, the operating pin 90 moves in the two-ho direction, and the operating pin 90 moves in the two directions to move the cam surface 86b of the clutch body 86.
When engaged, the cam body 86 moves in the opposite direction, and the clutch pawls 86a and 60d are disengaged, the rotation of the intermediate shaft 53 is stopped, and therefore the rotation of the PTO shaft 50 is also stopped. A stop portion is provided at the terminal end of the cam surface 86b of the clutch body 86 and comes into contact with the operating pin 90, so that the transplant tool 35 is always stopped in the state shown in FIG.

The power transmitted to the input shaft 91 of the transmission case 19 via the PTO transmission shaft 50 and the connection shaft 52 is transferred to the bevel gear 9.
2.93 to the shaft 94. The power of the shaft 94 is provided by a sprocket 95, a transmission chain 96, and a sprocket 97.
The signal is transmitted to the drive shaft 28 via. Note that the tooth ratio between the sprocket 95 and the sprocket 97 is 1:2, and the rotation of the PTO drive shaft 50 is reduced to 1/2 and transmitted to the drive shaft 28. (When the PTO drive shaft 50 rotates twice, the rotating case 29 rotates exactly once.) On the other hand, the power of the shaft 94 is transmitted to the lead cam shaft 99 via the seedling stand transverse transmission gear 98, and the rotating lead cam shaft 99 A boss body 101 having a driven cam 100 that engages with the boss body 101 is reciprocated from side to side, and both left and right ends of a lateral movement rod 102 connected to the boss body 101 are fixed to the seedling stand 20 via connectors 103. The seedling platform 20 is configured to reciprocate left and right. In addition, 104 is a ridge clutch, which is provided between the shaft 94 and the sprocket 95, and is configured to be able to stop the operation of the transplant devices 21, 21 in units of two threads.

Next, to explain the operation of the upper side, when seedlings are placed in the seedling tank 20 and each part is driven by the engine 10, the passenger tractor 1 is propelled by the rotation of the front wheels 5 and rear wheels 7, and the transplanter 1
Part 8 of the earth leveling float 22゜23.23 partially receives the load and is pulled, and the power is transferred from the front transmission case 3 side to the transmission case 19 via the transmission shaft 49, PTO drive case 48, and connection shaft 52. input shaft 91
transmitted to. In this way, power is transmitted from the input shaft 91 in the transmission case 19 to the drive shaft 28 via the transmission route. Then, each rotating case 29 rotates, and with this rotation, a counter planetary gear 3 is formed around the sun gear 31.
2.32 is planetary rotated, and the planetary gear 33 engages with it.
．． 33 will be rotated. Therefore, the implant main body 35a is rotated via the implant drive shaft 34 and the mounting bracket 42, which are integrally provided to the planetary gear 33°33. Further, the cam body 39, which is integrally attached to the rotating case 29 via the boss portion 39a, is rotated while being shifted from the rotation of the transplant device main body 35a. As a result, the seedling extrusion fork 37 is moved up and down.

That is, the tip side of the seedling transplanting mold 36 operates drawing a transplanting trajectory P, and the seedlings that are successively delivered to the seedling dividing openings 27, 27, etc. of the seedling receiving plate 26 are divided by the seedling tank 20 that reciprocates from side to side. The seedlings are transferred to the field one after another, and just when the seedling divider 36 plunges into the lowest soil surface (at position P1), the seedling pushing fork 37 pushes out the seedlings downward under the action of the spring 40 and transplants them. .

Then, the two transplant devices 3 attached to the rotating case 29
5 Seedling transplanting type 36. If there is a difference in the amount of seedlings divided by 36, or if the seedlings are transplanted in a bad posture, the transplanter drive shaft 34
Rotatably adjust the transplanting tool main body 35a against the seedling transplanting type 3.
It is preferable to adjust the dimensions and the angle at which the seedling part 6 intervenes in the seedling dividing opening 27. For this adjustment, the bolt 43 may be loosened to adjust the mounting angle between the mounting bracket 42 and the transplant main body 35a, but since this adjustment can be performed outside the transplant main body 35a, the operation is extremely easy.

In addition, if the seedling transplanting mold 36 is deviated laterally with respect to the seedling dividing opening 27 of the seedling receiving plate 26 during seedling division, loosen the trick turbine 44 and move the transplanting tool main body 35a in the axial direction as appropriate. All you have to do is move it and insert the tip turbine 44 again to adjust it.

Then, the sun gear 31 is engaged with the fixed metal 30 that can be rotated around the drive shaft 28 with respect to the transmission case 19 at the respective engaging portions 30c and 31a, and the sun gear 31 is fixed to the transmission case 19. Therefore, when assembling the transplant device 21 to the drive shaft 28 after assembling it,
Its assembly is easy. Furthermore, after assembly, the fixing metal 30 is rotated around the drive shaft 28 by loosening the bolt 30b and holding the gripping part 30d, thereby attaching the engaging parts 30c and 3.
Since the rotation of the sun gear 31 can be adjusted via 1a, the posture of the transplant tools 35 can be easily adjusted.

The engaging portions 30c and 31. Since the ball bearing 45 is provided between the outer surface of the transmission case 19 and the outer surface of the transmission case 19, the attitude of the sun gear 31 is maintained properly, and the rotating case 29 is also connected to the ball bearing 45 and the drive shaft 2.
Since the rotary case 29 is supported by the drive shaft 28 at two points, that is, the shaft portions 28a at the tip of the rotary case 29, the rotary case 29 rotates stably, and the seedlings can be divided and planted accurately. Also,
Since the rotating case 29 rotates stably without wobbling in the left-right direction, there is no fear that the seal 47 will be damaged, and the sealing performance of the rotating case 29 is good.

In particular, since the transplanting tool 35 is stably supported by the transplanting tool drive shaft 34 through the lid 42, accurate seedling planting work is carried out, and the engaging portion 42c of the lid 42 Since the transplant device 35 is fitted into the insertion hole 35b of the transplant device 35, the sealing performance of the transplant tool 35 is very good.

Next, when changing the spacing of seedlings to be planted, operate the shift lever 66 to engage the engagement convex portion 65a of the engagement body 65 with the medium-sized vehicle 58 (by using the shift lever 82, the engagement body 81 The engagement protrusion 81a of the PTO is engaged with the spur gear 76.
The transmission shaft 50 is set to rotate at a constant speed. ), PTO
The transmission shaft 50 rotates at the same speed as the transmission shaft 49, and the trajectory of the seedling transplanting molds 36, 36 of the transplanting device 21 becomes as shown in FIG. 13(b). At this time, the trajectory a1 of the aircraft as it moves forward will move through the soil by a distance of l with respect to the mud surface M.
This is the best trajectory for planting seedlings.

When the engaging protrusion 65a of the engaging body 65 is engaged with the large gear 57, the speed of the PTO transmission shaft 50 is increased relative to the transmission shaft 49, and the distance between the planted seedlings becomes narrower, and the seedlings of the transplanting device 21 The trajectory of the transplanted type 36/36 is as shown in Fig. 13 (a). At this time, when the aircraft moves forward, the trajectory a2 moves through the soil by 1 □ with respect to the mud surface M, and when planting the seedlings, the seedlings are dragged backwards. There is a problem that the posture is a little bad and the planted seedlings float because a large hole is made in the upper surface by the seedling transplanting mold 36. Therefore, in this case, the engagement protrusion 81a of the engagement body 81 is engaged with the eccentric gear 74 by the shift lever 82,
The PTO transmission shaft 50 rotates at a non-uniform speed during one rotation, and seedlings are transplanted at the lower part of the trajectory where the seedling transplanters 36 plant the seedlings in the field and the upper part of the trajectory where the seedlings are taken out from the seedling stand 20. If the operating speed of the molds 36, 36 is made relatively slow, the locus of the seedling transplanting molds 36, 36 will become the locus a2' in Fig. 14 (a), which is approximately the same locus as the locus a1. This allows the seedlings to be planted in the best possible condition.

Furthermore, when the engagement convex portion 65a of the engagement body 65 is engaged with the small gear 59, the PTO transmission shaft 50 is decelerated relative to the transmission shaft 49, the distance between the planted seedlings becomes wider, and the seedling transplantation of the transplantation device 21 is performed. The trajectories of the dies 36 and 36 are as shown in FIG. 13 (c). At this time, the trajectory a3 when the aircraft moves forward is the mud surface M
The seedling transplanting mold 36 moves away from the seedlings quickly when planting the seedlings, causing the problem that the posture of the seedlings is unstable. Therefore, in this case,
The engagement convex portion 81a of the engagement body 81 is engaged with the eccentric gear 75 by the shift lever 82, so that the PTO transmission shaft 50 rotates at a non-uniform speed during one revolution, and the seedling transplanting molds 36 transfer the seedlings to the field. If the operating speed of the seedling transplanting molds 36, 36 is set to be relatively fast at the lower part of the trajectory for planting and the upper part of the trajectory for taking out the seedlings from the seedling stand 20, the trajectory of the seedling transplanting molds 36, 36 will be the 14th. The trajectory becomes like the trajectory a3+ in Figure (C), which is substantially the same trajectory as the trajectory a1, and the seedlings can be planted in the best condition.

In addition, although the operation of operating the shift lever 82 to change between plants was explained above, if the slip ratio of the axles 7, 7 is larger or smaller than the standard due to the conditions of the tiller in the field, the shift lever 82 may be operated. Seedling transplant type 3 by operation
If 6 is operated so as to draw an appropriate trajectory a1, seedlings will always be planted in the best condition no matter what the field conditions are.

In the above embodiment, the transplanting machine 18 is equipped at the rear of the passenger towing vehicle 1, and the transplanting device 21 is arranged at the rear of the seedling stand 20. However, other examples are possible.

The present invention may be applied to any type of rice transplanter, such as a walk-behind rice transplanter in which a transplanting device is arranged in front of a seedling stand.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of the entire device, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the entire device, Fig. 3 is a plan cross-sectional view of the implantation device, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the implantation device. 5 is a partially sectional side view of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 3, FIG. 7 is a side view of the fixed metal, and FIG. 8 is B of FIG. 7. -B sectional view, Fig. 9 is a side view of the sun gear, Fig. 10 is a C-C sectional view of Fig. 9, Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the main part PTO drive case, and Fig. 12 is a flat view of the transmission case. A cross-sectional view, Fig. 13 is a locus diagram of the tip of the transplanted nail when the inter-plant transmission mechanism is operated, and Fig. 1
FIG. 4 is a trajectory diagram of the tip of the transplanted nail when the PTO angular velocity changing mechanism is operated. Symbols in the figure, 28 is a drive shaft, 29 is a rotating case, 33 is a planetary gear, 34 is a transplanter drive shaft, 35 is a transplanter, 36 is a seedling transplant type, 54 is an interplant transmission mechanism, 55 is a PTO angular velocity change mechanism, 56 indicates a clutch mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a transplanting machine equipped with a transplanting device that is attached to a machine that moves forward by an appropriate drive device and that reciprocates between a seedling stand and a field to plant seedlings in the field, the transplanting device is used to transfer seedlings to the field. A transplanter characterized in that the operating speed during planting can be changed.