JPS6366588B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a grain sorting machine that lifts grains such as rice and removes immature grains, frame grains, etc. while frying grains. Regarding. [Prior art] Conventionally, regarding this type of grain sorting machine,
It has already been disclosed in JP-A No. 59-14269, JP-A-57-177381, JP-A-58-146475, JP-A-58-153562, and JP-A-58-156377. These grain sorters, as shown in Figure 6,
A cylindrical sorting net 2 and a grain frying spiral 3 fitted inside the sorting net 2 are erected in an outer grain body 4 concentrically and rotatably with each other.
The fried grains fall onto the upper partition plate 15 from the discharge port 23a formed in the upper part of the sorting net 2, and the grains on the partition plate 15 are fixed to the sorting net 2. The grains are transferred by the scraping blades 16 to an outlet 45 formed in a part of the upper outer periphery of the outer grain body 4, and guided into the storage tank 8 from the outlet 45. The sorting net body 2 used in these grain sorting machines has a cylindrical shape composed of a lower tube 21, an intermediate screen tube 22, and an upper tube 23, and the entire area of the net body 22 has a mesh 22a. A large number of holes are arranged in an orderly manner in the direction of rotation. This sorting net 2 is connected to the drive shaft 6
are connected to each other at a joint portion 20. The drive shaft 6 extends inside the grain lifting helix 3, has a lower end 6a connected to a motor M via a gearbox G, and has an upper end 6b pivotally supported by the top plate 7. Further, the lower cylinder 21 of the sorting net body 2 is rotatably supported by a guide roller 10 disposed on the upper end surface 51 of the grain receiving cylinder 5. On the other hand, the grain lifting spiral body 3 has a spiral blade 32 provided on the outer periphery of a spiral shaft 31. Select area 34
In addition, the area facing the upper cylinder 23 is the extraction area 35.
Furthermore, the lowermost end of the supply area 33 is used as a scraping area 36, which is divided into action areas. The bottom plate 30 of the grain lifting spiral body 3 is connected to a rotary disk 11 connected to a motor M via a gear box G.
The rotation of the rotary plate 11 causes the grain frying spiral body 3 to rotate around the drive shaft 6. The grains are sorted by the grain sorter mentioned above and stored in the storage tank 8.
The stored grains, such as rice, are weighed in a certain amount and packaged in bags. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Recently, the above-mentioned bagging work has been automated and performed with high efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the grain supplying capacity of the grain sorter and to ensure a predetermined selection rate through one sorting with the grain sorter. The grain supplying capacity of this grain sorting machine is the amount of grain lifted per unit time of the grain lifting spiral 3 (hereinafter referred to as grain lifting capacity).
Determined by In order to improve grain lifting performance, the pitch of the helical blades may be reduced, and the height of the helical blades, that is, the difference in radius between the outer periphery of the helical blades and the outer periphery of the helical shaft, may be increased. However, grain sorting machines need to sort grains at the same time, rather than simply transporting them. Therefore, if a grain frying spiral body with a small pitch of helical blades and a high helical blade is used, a problem arises in that the sorting accuracy decreases and crushed grains etc. cannot be sufficiently removed. On the other hand, in order to improve the sorting accuracy, the shape of the main spiral blade was
As proposed in No. 7976, there are structures such as a downwardly sloped blade or a rake surface. However, by adopting these structures, although a slight improvement in sorting accuracy was observed, opposite effects such as a decrease in the amount of grain to be lifted also occurred. Furthermore, it has been proposed that a resistor such as rubber which has a large sliding friction resistance is attached to the upper surface of the main spiral blade. For example, one example is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-32985. Although the mechanism of action of the device provided with such a resistor is not clear, the selection accuracy is slightly improved compared to the device without the resistor. However, when a resistor such as rubber is attached, the friction with the grain is large, so in the case of brown rice, for example, the bran layer may peel off, or the resistor itself may wear out, causing its powder to adhere to the grain. There is a problem of contamination. However, if such abrasion powder adheres to grains, the grains themselves are polished and used.
Although this is not a serious problem, powders such as rubber are mixed into bran, which causes the problem that it becomes unusable. In this way, with conventional grain frying spirals, it is not possible to improve grain frying performance without deteriorating sorting accuracy, and it is also possible to improve sorting accuracy without causing peeling or contamination of the outermost layer of grains. I couldn't do it. The present invention has been made with attention to these problems, and it is possible to significantly improve grain frying performance and sorting accuracy, and to produce grains that do not cause peeling or contamination of the outermost layer of grains. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grain frying spiral for a sorting machine. [Means for solving the problem] The present invention comprises a main spiral blade on the outer periphery of a spiral shaft, which is fitted concentrically and rotatably inside a cylindrical sorting net, and is used in a grain sorting machine. constitutes the main part,
It is applied to a grain lifting spiral that uses the main spiral blade to transport grain upward from the scraping area at the lowest end to the take-out area via a sorter by rotating the helical shaft.As a means to solve this problem, the following configuration requirements are applied. It is characterized by having the following. First, at least the portion of the main spiral blade that exists in the sorting area is constituted by a blade in which an oblique side, a stepped portion, and a horizontal portion are sequentially provided outward from the helical shaft side. Second, a convex portion is provided on the upper surface of at least a portion of the main spiral blade that exists in the sorting area. Thirdly, an auxiliary spiral blade having a starting end at a different angular position from the starting end of the main spiral blade is provided to locally form a multiple spiral structure. Regarding the attachment of the auxiliary spiral blade, the helical pitch at the lowest end of the main spiral blade is set larger than the pitch in other areas, and the starting point is set at a different angular position from the starting end of the main spiral blade at this pitch enlarged portion. It is also possible to provide a locally multiple spiral structure by providing an auxiliary spiral blade. Next, the above configuration requirements will be explained in more detail. In the first component described above, the structure of the oblique side, the stepped portion, and the horizontal portion was able to obtain good effects in the following cases. However, it goes without saying that this configuration is experimentally set and is not limited to this range. [First Example] Length of hypotenuse A = 21.2 mm Height of stepped portion H = 3.8 mm Length of horizontal portion B = 21.8 mm Angle of hypotenuse α ₁ = 45.22 degrees [Second Example] Angle of hypotenuse α ₁ = 45.0 degrees Others are the same as the first embodiment In the second component, the convex portion provided on the upper surface of the main spiral blade can be, for example, hemispherical or protruding. These are easily formed by pressing or the like when forming the main spiral blade. The position where it is formed is the sorting area of the main spiral blade, but it may be extended to other areas. In the case of a hemisphere, they are arranged discretely or regularly distributed. On the other hand, in the case of ridges, usually
Arranged radially or concentrically. For example, in the embodiment, the above-mentioned protrusions are arranged at intervals of six per sheet, that is, one per 60 degrees. Of course, it is not limited to this range, but if they are arranged too closely, the sorting effect becomes too strong and the sized grains are often treated as waste grains.
On the other hand, if the interval is too large, the effect of the convex portion will be weakened. For example, in the case of a hemisphere, the appropriate size of the convex portion is about 2 to 6 times the breadth of the grain. Further, the protrusion height is suitably within twice the breadth of the grain. However, the size is not limited to this range. Note that it is preferable that the outer end of the convex portion does not coincide with the outer periphery of the spiral blade, but is provided at a position inside with a slight distance from the outer periphery. In the third component, the auxiliary spiral blade is provided in the valley of the main spiral blade in the pitch range or the pitch expansion range, and its installation length is as follows:
Do not exceed the pitch expansion range. for example,
When the pitch is expanded within the range in which the main spiral blade goes around the helical shaft, the auxiliary spiral blade is provided with a maximum length that goes around the helical axis once. Usually, it is about half a circle. In addition, in the third configuration requirement, the angular position of the terminal end of the auxiliary spiral blade on the outer periphery of the helical shaft is set to a position exceeding the angular position on the outer periphery of the helical shaft of the adjacent main spiral blade or auxiliary spiral blade. . This constitutes a local multiple helix structure. This multiple spiral structure is a state in which two or more spiral blades are provided in the same region. Therefore, the number of auxiliary spiral blades to be installed may be one or more, but 1 to 2 is appropriate. In this case, it is standard that the mounting positions of the starting ends are arranged at equal intervals including the starting end of the main spiral blade. In addition, when attaching an auxiliary helical blade by increasing the pitch at the lowest end of the main helical blade, the range in which the pitch is set to be large is generally that the main helical blade goes around the helical shaft almost once from the starting end of the lowest end. position, that is, about 1 pitch. Of course, the range may be less than one pitch or may be more than one pitch. Further, the pitch enlargement ratio is related to the number of auxiliary spiral blades, that is, the multiplicity, which will be described later, and is increased as the number of auxiliary spiral blades increases. For example, in the case of a double helix structure, it is standard practice to
It is about 1.5 to 2.5 times. It goes without saying that this magnification rate is set experimentally and is not limited to this range. [Function] As in the above configuration, at least the small portion of the main helical blade that exists in the sorting area is provided in the order of the oblique side, the stepped portion, and the horizontal portion from the helical shaft side toward the outside, and the horizontal portion is By providing a convex portion on the upper surface, grain sorting accuracy and grain frying performance are improved. The mechanism of its action is not necessarily clear, but it is thought to have an effect on sorting accuracy. The grains that have slid down the hypotenuse (face) turn over at the step, are arranged at the horizontal section, and are pressed against the sorting net at the convex section. This is thought to be due to being screened and selected. In addition, the reason why the grain-frying ability is improved is that, as disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-145078, when only the oblique side (face) is used, many grains fall directly downward from the tips of the blades. Although the amount does not increase,
If, as in the present invention, the grain is slid on the oblique side, bounced and reversed on the stepped part, and adjusted on the horizontal part, the amount of grain lifted will increase because the grain is not directly affected by the falling force because of the horizontal part. It is thought that there is. The multiple helical structure allows for more efficient scraping than a single helical blade. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same parts as in the conventional example are given the same reference numerals. <Configuration of Example> The grain frying spiral body of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A to 5 is constructed by providing a main spiral blade 32a and an auxiliary spiral blade 32b on the outer periphery of a cylindrical spiral shaft 31. The main helical blade 32a has a basic structure in which each action area of a take-out area 35, a sorting area 34, a supply area 33, and a scraping area 36 are continuously provided from the upper part of the helical shaft 31 by one helical blade. The spiral blades are the same as those of the conventional grain frying spiral body described above. The difference from the conventional one is the scraping area 36 and the sorting area 34. In addition, in the above-mentioned scraping region 36, the main spiral blade 32a has a pitch L ₁ of the main spiral blade at the lowermost end.
However, the pitch is the same as or twice the pitch _L3 in other areas. An auxiliary spiral blade 32b is provided in the valley at the lowest end. In this embodiment, the auxiliary spiral blade 32b is
In the raking region 36, the main spiral blade 32a is provided at an intermediate portion of the trough for approximately half a circumference. As a result, the helical blade has a double helical structure in this part. In this way, by creating a double helix structure,
Since the spiral blade has two starting ends, grain can be raked up at two locations. The angular position of the starting end of the auxiliary spiral blade 32b is set so that the phase is shifted by 180 degrees with respect to the starting end of the main spiral blade 32a, as shown unfolded in FIG. That is, the starting end of the main spiral blade 32a is 180
The starting end of the auxiliary spiral blade 32b is set at the 0 degree position. In addition, as shown in the figure, the main spiral blade 32a
The pitch has changed along the way. On the other hand, the terminal end 38 of the auxiliary spiral blade 32b is set so as to exceed the angular position of the starting end of the main spiral blade 32a. That is, when the starting end of the main spiral blade 32a is at a position of 180 degrees as described above, the terminal end of the auxiliary spiral blade 32b exceeds this angular position,
For example, it is set to be at a position of 190 to 200 degrees. The main spiral blade 32a and the auxiliary spiral blade 32b have the same outer circumferential diameter. Further, the rake-up region 36 of the main spiral blade 32a and the auxiliary spiral blade 32b are both provided on the spiral shaft 31 at the same mounting angle. In the case of this embodiment, the spiral shaft 3
It is set parallel to the radial direction of 1, that is, 0 degrees. In addition, the main spiral blade 32a and the auxiliary spiral blade 32b
Scraping claws 37a and 37b are provided at the starting end of each of the blades. Furthermore, the main helical blade 32a is provided with an inclined part 321 on the inner circumferential side in the sorting area 34, which is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the helical shaft 31.
21 is bent parallel to the helical shaft 31 to form a stepped portion 323, and a horizontal portion 322 parallel to the radial direction of the helical shaft 31 is provided on the outer peripheral side. The main spiral blade 32a has a horizontal portion 3 in the sorting area 34, as shown in FIGS. 3A, B, and 4.
A convex portion 320a is provided on the upper surface of 22. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the convex portion 320a is formed by pressing the metal plate forming the main spiral blade 32a from the lower surface side and protruding semispherically toward the upper surface side. The radius R of this hemisphere is approximately 3 mm. In this embodiment, the convex portion 320a is the main spiral blade 3
6 each round so that one round of 2a is divided into six equal parts.
The pieces are arranged. The arrangement position is near the outer periphery of the horizontal portion 322. In the case of this embodiment, it is provided a little inside from the outer periphery. The width S1 and the height S2 are appropriately set through experiments, but in the case of this embodiment, both are 3 mm. Next, the main spiral blade 32a extending from the raking area 36 to the supply area 33 does not have an inclined part 321 and is comprised only of a horizontal part 322. Further, the auxiliary spiral blade 32b also has no inclined portion 321 and is comprised only of a horizontal portion 322, as described above. <Operation of the embodiment> Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained. The grain lifting spiral body of the above embodiment can be applied to the grain sorting machine shown in FIG. In order to fry grains using the grain frying spiral of the above embodiment installed in the grain sorting machine shown in FIG.
Meanwhile, the motor M is rotated to rotate the drive shaft 6 and rotary disk 11 via the gearbox G. The rotation of the rotary disk 11 causes the grain lifting spiral body 3 to rotate around the drive shaft 6, and the rotation of the drive shaft 6 causes the sorting net 2 to rotate. Due to the rotation of the grain lifting spiral body 3, in the raising area 36,
The grains supplied into the grain receiving tube 5 are raked up by the raking claws 37a of the main spiral blade 32a and the raking claws 37b of the auxiliary spiral blade 32b. Moreover, since this part has a double spiral, it will scoop up nearly twice the amount of grain than usual. Since the terminal end 38 of the auxiliary spiral blade 32b is provided beyond the angular position of the starting end of the main spiral blade 32a, the grains raked up by the auxiliary spiral blade 32b are Although it falls at the terminal end 38, it always falls on the main spiral blade 32a. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the amount of grains lifted due to grains falling to the bottom of the grain receiving tube 5. The supply area 33 further transports the raked grains upward and sends them to the sorting area 34. In the sorting area 34, the grains hit the mesh tube 22 due to the action of centrifugal force, and fine grains smaller than the mesh 22a are
It is sieved to the outside of the screen tube 22 and falls onto the horizontal partition plate 12, transferred to the discharge port 42 by the scraper blades 13, and discharged to the outside. At this time, the grains are subjected to various actions such as inversion, stirring, etc. by the inclined part 321, stepped part 323, horizontal part 322, and convex parts 320 provided on the horizontal part 322 of the main spiral blade 32a, and are pressed against the net body 2. This makes it easier for the fine grains to pass through the mesh 22a, and the grains that do not pass through the mesh 22a are replaced with other grains. Therefore, the sorting efficiency in the mesh 22a is improved. In this way, grains larger than the mesh 22a of the mesh tube 22 remain and are lifted up in the sorting area 34 and fed and conveyed to the take-out area 35. The grains fried to the top of the take-out area 35 are discharged from the discharge port 23a into the storage section of the hopper 8,
stored. As described above, the grain sorting machine having the grain frying spiral of the present invention has high grain frying performance and sorting accuracy, and therefore, a specific experimental example thereof will be shown below. <Experimental example> First, experimental conditions will be shown. However, the conventional product... A sorting machine that uses a conventional grain frying spiral. Invention: A sorting machine using the grain frying spiral of the present invention. (a) Grain sorting machine used in the experiment Exactly the same type except for the grain lifting spiral part. (b) Structure of grain frying spiral

[Table] Number of protrusions per circumference
(c) Test brown rice Paddy rice glutinous brown rice Moisture content: 15.2% The results of the experiment repeated several times under the above conditions are as follows. A. Amount of grain lifted (per hour) Conventional product Average 2334Kg/H Invented product (1) Average 2851Kg/H Invention product (2) Average 2718Kg/H B Sorting accuracy

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention provides a grain lifting spiral body in which grain is conveyed upward from a rake-up area at the lowest end to a sorting area by the rotation of a helical shaft, in which the main helical blade is connected to a hypotenuse and a step. A configuration in which an auxiliary spiral blade is provided having a starting end at a different angular position from the starting end of the main spiral blade, resulting in a locally multiple spiral structure, and a configuration in which a convex part is provided on the main spiral blade. This has the effect of improving sorting accuracy and grain frying performance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1A to 5 show an embodiment of the grain frying spiral of the present invention, FIG. 1A is a front view thereof, FIG. 1B is a left side view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a grain frying spiral of the above embodiment. FIG. 3A is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a convex portion provided on the main spiral blade, FIG. 3B is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a part of the main spiral blade. FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a convex portion, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a conventional grain sorting machine equipped with a grain lifting spiral. 2... Sorting net body, 3... Grain frying spiral body, 31... Spiral shaft, 32a... Main spiral blade, 32b... Auxiliary spiral blade, 321... Inclined part, 322... Step part, 322... Horizontal part, 320a... Convex part, 320b ...Protrusion convex portion, 3
3... Supply area, 34... Sorting area, 35... Taking out area, 36
... Raising area, 37a, 37b... Raising claw, 38... Termination, 4... Outer shell body, 5... Grain receiving tube.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A grain sorting machine comprising a main helical blade on the outer periphery of a helical shaft, which is concentrically and rotatably fitted inside a cylindrical sorting net, and constitutes the main part of a grain sorting machine; In a grain lifting spiral body that uses a main spiral blade to transport grain upward from a scraping area at the lowest end to a sorting area and a take-out area by rotating a spiral shaft, at least a portion of the main spiral blade that exists in the sorting area is , outward from the helical shaft side, the blade is composed of the oblique side, the stepped part, and the horizontal part, and a convex part is provided on this blade, and at the lowest end of the main spiral blade, 1. A grain lifting spiral body for a grain sorting machine, characterized in that an auxiliary spiral blade is provided whose starting end is at a different angular position from the starting end, thereby forming a locally multiple spiral structure. 2. The grain lifting spiral body for a grain sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary spiral blade is provided in a pitch enlarged portion that is larger than other areas at the lowest end of the main spiral blade.