JPS6366250A - Film for cultivation of eggplant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled film containing a specific beta-diketone compound, having excellent anticlouding and antifogging properties and an ultraviolet transmittance varying by the radiation of sunlight, capable of promoting the growth of plant and giving an eggplant with excellent color. CONSTITUTION:The objective film contains (A) 100pts.wt. of a vinyl chloride resin, (B) 30-55pts.wt. of a phthalate plasticizer, (C) 0.1-10pts.wt. of a phosphate plasticizer, (D) 0.5-5pts.wt. of a nonionic surfactant composed of a polyhydric alcohol ester of a higher fatty acid (containing 70-100wt.% 16-18C saturated fatty acid), (E) 0.01-1pt.wt. of a fluorine-based and/or silicon-based surfactant and (F) 0.01-1pt.wt. of a beta-diketone compound at least having absorption at an ultraviolet region of 290-380nm wavelength and increasing the light transmittance of said ultraviolet region by the radiation of sunlight, preferably dibenzoylmethane. A surface of the film is coated with an acrylic resin or an ultraviolet curing urethane acrylate resin coating film.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a coating film for a greenhouse used for cultivating eggplant. More specifically, it is a film for eggplant cultivation whose ultraviolet transmittance changes upon exposure to sunlight, and which has improved durability in lock-proofing and fog-proofing.

[Conventional technology]

In eggplant cultivation, it is known that ultraviolet rays of a specific wavelength play an important role in obtaining excellent vermilion-colored eggplants.
No. 0 "film for eggplant cultivation" has been proposed.

= 3- Also, based on plant physiology, the optimal light quality at each growth stage differs for each stage. In general9, under conditions where ultraviolet irradiation is suppressed, plant growth becomes more active. On the other hand, the formation of the pigment ``anthocyanin blue'' in eggplant fruits requires irradiation with ultraviolet light of a specific wavelength. But 2,
In eggplant cultivation, changing the tensioning of films with different ultraviolet transmittances according to the growth stage for early and late stages is not done because the crops are exposed to cold air when changing the tensioning. Ta.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

When cultivating eggplants, when using a film with low UV transmittance, the coloring of the fruit tends to be pale, while when using a film with high UV transmittance, the initial growth is slightly slower, and the anti-malt and anti-fog properties are slightly reduced. It was supposed to be faster.

[Failure to solve the problem]

The present inventor has discovered that a specific β-diketone compound has an absorption characteristic in the ultraviolet band of at least a wavelength of 290 to 380 nm, and that the ultraviolet absorption characteristic gradually disappears in a relatively short period of time when exposed to sunlight. T%i%'l'HG3-66
The present invention was completed after discovering that a film having the properties 250 (2) and using the compound in the composition ratio of the present invention has excellent properties when used for eggplant cultivation.

That is, 100 parts of vinyl chloride resin, 30 to 55 parts of phthalate plasticizer, 0.1 to 100 parts of phosphoric acid ester plasticizer, and 100 parts of polyhydric alcohol.
Higher fatty acids (saturated fatty acids with 16-18 carbon atoms are -I)
0.5-5 parts by weight of ester nonionic surfactant, fluorine surfactant and/or
Or silicone surfactant 0.0.1! - ~160 vehicle weight parts, and has absorption characteristics in the ultraviolet band of at least 290 ~ +BOnm wavelength, and has the property of improving the transmittance of light in the ultraviolet band when exposed to sunlight. β-
0.01-J of the diketone compound. Contains 0 flaps, 50
0M; Sunlight dose below the door (south facing, angle of inclination 45°)
UV transmittance at wavelength 350 nm is 70
This is a film for eggplant cultivation that has improved characteristics.

In the present invention, beer chloride resin refers to gold resin produced solely from pinyl chloride, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, ethylene, propylene, vinylidene chloride 9, acrylic acid, acrylic ester, methacrylic acid, and methacrylic ester. Examples include copolymer resins and mixtures thereof. The vinyl chloride resin may have an average degree of polymerization of 800-4500.

The film according to the present invention contains 30 to 55 phthalate plasticizers, and 0.1 to 1 phosphate plasticizers.
0 parts by weight is blended. The phthalate ester plasticizer is used in an amount of 30 to 55 parts by weight in order to ensure the flexibility of the coating material at low temperatures and to suppress blocking at high temperatures. In addition, the plasticizer serves to substantially block the transmission of deep ultraviolet rays of 290 nm or less, which are harmful wavelengths. The phosphate ester plasticizer has the effect of imparting weather resistance under ultraviolet light reception, and is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0 parts by weight.

Outside this range, the purpose of imparting weather resistance cannot be achieved and it is unsuitable.

Examples of phthalate ester plasticizers include di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, c-nonyl phthalate, di-decyl phthalate, seed-decy A phthalate, di-undecyl 7-thaleate, di-tridecyl phthalate, di-n
- Octyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, etc.

Phosphate ester plasticizers include tricresyl phosphate, dixylenyl phosphate, monoxylenyl dicresyl phosphate 7ate, dixylenyl phosphate, dicresyl ethylphenol phosphate, cresyl diethylphenol phosphate, dixylenyl ethylphenol phosphate, xylenyl - Diethylphenyl phosphate, triethylphenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, dicresyl phenyl phosphate, xylenyl diphenyl phosphate, dixylenyl phenyl phosphate, etc. It is preferable to use the first four types alone or in combination.

The higher fatty acid ester nonionic surfactant of polyhydric alcohol is used in an amount of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight. If the amount is less than 0.5 M parts, the lock protection property will be insufficient and a film having the desired effect will not be obtained. Even if more than 5 parts by weight is used, the desired effect will not change, or the weather resistance will deteriorate and the plume will increase, making it unsuitable for sb. As a polyhydric alcohol, sorbitol-based and/or mannitol-based alcohol or lN from this alcohol
A partial ester compound obtained by esterifying an alcohol from which two molecules of water have been eliminated, using a product containing 70 to 1001 jt of saturated fatty acids having 16 to 18 carbon atoms as a higher fatty acid, either singly or in combination. It is. It is also possible to use ethylene oxide or an adduct of 5 moles or less of propylene oxide of this compound. Carbon number 1
Higher fatty acids with less than 70 saturated fatty acids of 6 to 18 are unsuitable.

If the content of saturated fatty acids having 14 or less carbon atoms is large, the anti-persistence property will be deteriorated and the film will have increased tackiness, making it unsuitable. If the amount of saturated fatty acids having 20 or more carbon atoms is large, the protective properties under low-temperature conditions will deteriorate, making it unsuitable. A large amount of unsaturated fatty acids is unsuitable in terms of weather resistance.

Fluorine-based surfactants and/or silicone-based surfactants allow condensed water to quickly form a uniform running water film, speeding up transparency, and suppressing the formation of complexes in the greenhouse to prevent water droplets from adhering to the fruit, thereby improving the surface of eggplant fruits. It is necessary to achieve the object of the present invention because it improves the commercial value by improving glossiness, improves the irradiation of light rays to plants by suppressing fog, and suppresses the occurrence of diseases caused by high humidity.

The fluorine-based surfactant and silicone-based surfactant used are JP-A-59-21'i"740 and JP-A-F@5Y-12.
070, JP-A-59-80468, JP-A-59-93'
739, JP-A-59-21'i'739, JP-A-61-
133244 and the like are used. The amount used is in the range of 0.01 to 1.0 parts by weight.

If the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, no effect will be obtained, and if it is used in an amount exceeding LD part by weight, the weather resistance will be poor and suitable for cinema.

The amount used should be determined as appropriate depending on the type and effect.

Examples of β-diketone compounds that have absorption properties in the ultraviolet band of wavelengths from 290 to 380 nm and have the property of reducing the absorption ability of light in the ultraviolet band when exposed to sunlight include dibenzoylmethane, methoxy Benzoyl
Benzoylmethane, chlorobenzoyl benzoylmethane, palmitylbenzoylmethane, etc. can be used. In particular, dibenzoylmethane is suitable from the viewpoints of ultraviolet I radiation absorption, film processability, and economical efficiency.

Furthermore, the addition of the β-diketone compound used in the present invention has the effect of improving the durability of the anti-fog and anti-fog properties of the coating material. Among β-diketone compounds, dibenzoylmethane is particularly effective.

Although it is not clear why the fog-proof property and the durability of the fog-proof property are improved, it is thought to be due to the suppression of deterioration of the surfactant in the film due to ultraviolet rays in sunlight.

The β-diketone used in the present invention is used in an amount of 0.01 to LO parts by weight. The amount used is the type of compound, the thickness of the film, the initial UV transmittance of the film, the area where the film is used, and the wavelength S at a solar radiation dose of 500 M J 7 m" or less.
It is appropriately selected so that the transmittance at 50 nm is 70% or more. If the amount is less than the lower limit, no effect will be obtained, and if it is more than the upper limit, it will be economically disadvantageous.

The film has a UV transmittance change of 500M J
/W? Wavelength 350 below (south facing, inclination angle 45°)
It has a characteristic of reaching 70% or more in nm transmittance. Those with a change of more than 500 MJ/m' are unsuitable because of a decrease in plant height, number of leaves, decrease in addends, poor vermilion color, etc. The initial UV transmittance of the film is 2 at a wavelength of 350 nIn.
0% or more is effective in suppressing the length of the plant and the decrease in the addend.

The acrylic resin coating formed on one side of the film is (meta)
Homopolymers of monomer compounds of acrylic acid esters, copolymers of two or more of these monomers, or monomers containing these monomer compounds as the main component and copolymerizable with these other monomers The resin coating of the copolymer with is damaged.

Examples of acrylic esters include methyl acrylate,
Ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, 1-
The groups are viru acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 1-
C1-Cn of acrylic acid such as butyl acrylate, etc.
Alkyl esters; Examples of methacrylic esters include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, 1-propyl methacrylate,
Examples include 01-C22 alkyl esters of methacrylic acid such as n-butyl methacrylate and 1-butyl methacrylate.

In addition, other compounds that can be copolymerized with these compounds include:
More α, β-unsaturated fatty acids such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, hydroxymethyl ester, hydroxyethyl ester, hydroxyglobil ester, hydroxybutyl ester, hydroxypentyl ester and hydroxyhexyl ester of acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid. Examples include hydroxymethyl ester, hydroxyethyl ester, hydroxyglobil ester, hydroxypentyl ester and hydroxyhexyl ester of acrylic acid. Further, the hydroxy-containing acrylic resin can also be crosslinked using an isocyanate compound.

The UV-curable urethane/acrylate resin coating formed on one side of the film is a urethane acrylate resin with a polymer molecular weight/number of undercarriage double bonds in the polymer of 1,000 to 5,000, as well as polymerizable monomers. In addition, commonly used viscosity modifiers, antifoaming agents, photosensitizers, etc. can also be included.

The polymerizable urethane acrylate resin used in the present invention refers to polyether polyol and/or polynisder polyol, or polyurethane polyol obtained by reacting polyether polyol, polyester polyol, etc. with polyisocyanates. It is obtained by reacting a polyfunctional isocyanate compound and an ethylenically unsaturated compound having active hydrogen.

Polyether polyols are obtained by reacting alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide with polyols such as ethylene glycol, 1.4-butanediol, and 1.2-propylene glycol. Polyester polyols are obtained by reacting polyols, glycidyl ether compounds, and polybasic acids.

As the polyfunctional isocyanate compound, di- or triisocyanates are suitable. Examples of ethylenically unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen include hydroxy group-containing compounds,
Examples include amine group-containing compounds, reaction products of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and monoepoxy compounds, and reaction products of cricidyl acrylate or glycidyl methacrylate and monocarboxylic acid-containing compounds or secondary monoamine compounds.

When the agricultural soft vinyl chloride resin film of the present invention is extended to a fixed house for facilities, it is used so that the surface of the film coated with an acrylic resin coating or an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin coating is on the outside. .

Other additives include Ba, Oa, Zn, Sn,
Cd-based heat stabilizer, ultraviolet absorber, phosphite-based chelating agent, hindered amine-based light stabilizer, antioxidant, filler, color additive, acrylic acid-based resin for improving processability,
Epoxy group-containing thermal stabilization aids, antistatic agents, other surfactants, far infrared &! Absorbing compounds, deodorants, etc. can be used within the range that ensures performance.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to examples. Similarly, the present invention is not limited to the examples.

Examples 1-2, Comparative Examples 3-9 The compositions shown in Table 1 were rolled using heated rolls and formed into films. The film thickness was 0.2 for Comparative Example 6;
The other eight types were set to 0.11a+.

Evaluation method of film (A) Change characteristics of ultraviolet transmittance of film were measured using a spectral light transmittance measuring device. Table 1 shows the ultraviolet transmittance (unit: h) at a wavelength of 350 nm.

The % film was spread on a test tube facing south at an inclination angle of 4-4, and the film was orally sampled and subjected to measurement. The film was measured after wiping off the dust adhering to the surface.

The amount of sunlight was measured using a pyranometer (
Measurement was carried out using Hideko Seiki MS-42 model).

Deployment date: February 10, 1961 200MJ/m” elapsed date; l February 21st 400MJ
/ Break z: 13/12 5ooMJ/m”s
: z The results for March 21st are shown in Table 1. Transmittance curves for Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5 and 4 are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

(B) Drop resistance and fog prevention properties in winter 9 films shown in Table 1 were spread on February 13, 2013, on 9 tunnel houses with north and south building, each having a length of 2 m, a height of 90 cIn, and a length of 2 m. At 13:00 on the first day of each month, the condition of the droplets was visually evaluated based on the following criteria.

○: There are few flow lines and the droplet flow condition is good.

Δ: More streaks than 0 mark.

×: The water droplet adhesion area where the droplet state is not formed is clearly observed, and the R droplet state is poor.

On February 17th, from 15:00 to 16:00, the fog generation state on the inner surface of the film was visually evaluated based on the following criteria.

○; No fog generation observed.

Δ: Slight occurrence of fog is observed.

×: A lot of fog was observed.

The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the following.

(a) The films of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention initially have ultraviolet absorption characteristics, and have a solar radiation dose of 500 M:r/n?
The following products are administered orally with a UV transmittance of 7 at a wavelength of 350 nm.
It has a performance that improves by 0% or more, and has excellent winter droplet resistance and fog prevention properties.

(b) Comparative Example 3, which does not have the composition as claimed in the claims;
'7 and 8.9 did not exhibit ultraviolet absorption characteristics, and Comparative Examples 4 and 5
．． 6 is wavelength 3 at a solar radiation amount of less than 5ooMJ/yo”
The ultraviolet transmittance at 50 nm does not reach 70 degrees or more, and Comparative Example 4.9 has poor winter droplet flow and fog prevention properties.

(C) Eggplant cultivation characteristics Anti-fog, anti-casting sustainability test location: Ashikaga district, Tochimoto prefecture Variety: Kanai improved Samasa house; 3 east and west buildings covered with frontage 5.4 m, height 2 m, and length 7.2 m Method: On February 10, 1961, the exterior of each building was covered with the Example 1 and Comparative Example 3°4 films listed in Table 1.

Planting: February 13, 1961, 100α wide in each house
2 pet bets, 60c between each bet! n, 2 rows were planted in a staggered manner.

Heat retention conditions: no heating, a 7mm inner tunnel was provided in the bed, and the film of Comparative Example 3 was covered. At night, the tunnel was covered and kept warm using silver volito and love sheet.

10 target stocks (5 stocks for each bet) We selected and investigated.

Fruit color: The coloring state of the eggplant skin was visually evaluated.

○ Black-purple x Red-purple key resistance: Droplet flow properties of most of the film were visually evaluated at 10:00 in a sealed state of 7 to 10 cm without ventilation.

○ There are few flow lines and the droplet condition is good.

Mouth Water droplet adhesion area occurrence rate is in the range of 3 to 5%.

Δ 6~10chi 10X
11 or more 10 Fog resistance; The state of fog generation on the inside of the house was visually evaluated from 8:00 to 17:00 with the house closed and not ventilated.

○ No fog is observed.

A slight amount of mouth fog is observed.

Δ The amount of fog generated is between the mouth and ×.

X: A lot of fog is observed.

The results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows the following.

(b) In eggplant cultivation, the film of Example 1 of the present invention has superior growth in the early stage (March 13th) compared to the film of Comparative Example 3, has a higher yield until April 30th, and It can be seen that it has excellent anti-fog and anti-fog properties even after the test. Using the film of Example 1, it is possible to obtain black-purple eggplants with high commercial value.

(b) The film of Example 1 of the present invention is superior to the film of Comparative Example 4 in terms of yield, number of diseased fruit, and vermilion color.

2nd effect [Effect] The present invention suppresses the transmission of ultraviolet rays at the early stage of eggplant cultivation,
It promotes plant growth and improves UV transmittance orally, making it possible to harvest eggplants with a deep vermilion color and an excellent market reputation. It has an excellent effect of improving the durability of anti-fog and anti-fog properties.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the oral change curves of spectral light transmittance for the Example 1 film in Table 1, FIG. 2 for the Comparative Example 3 film in Table 1, and FIG. 3 for the Comparative Example 4 film in Table 1. In the figure, ■ is the initial stage, ■ is the 200MJ/m'' product, and ■ is the 40
0MJ/door aging product, V is 500MJ/m' aging product.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) For 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, 30 to 55 parts by weight of phthalate plasticizer, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of phosphate plasticizer, higher fatty acid of polyhydric alcohol (carbon number 16 to 18 saturated fatty acids is 70-100% by weight) ester nonionic surfactant 0.5-5
parts by weight, 0.01 to 1.0 parts by weight of fluorosurfactant and/or silicone surfactant, at least wavelength 290
Contains 0.01 to 1.0 parts by weight of a β-diketone compound that has absorption characteristics in the ultraviolet band of ~380 nm and improves the transmittance of light in the ultraviolet band when exposed to sunlight. A film for eggplant cultivation that has the property of improving ultraviolet transmittance at a wavelength of 350 nm to 70% or more when exposed to a solar radiation dose of 500 MJ/m^2 or less (south facing, at an inclination angle of 45°). (2) The eggplant cultivation film according to claim 1, wherein the β-diketone compound is dibenzoylmethane. (3) The eggplant cultivation film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one side of the film is coated with an acrylic resin or an ultraviolet-curable urethane acrylate resin coating.