JPS6366178B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6366178B2
JPS6366178B2 JP58057974A JP5797483A JPS6366178B2 JP S6366178 B2 JPS6366178 B2 JP S6366178B2 JP 58057974 A JP58057974 A JP 58057974A JP 5797483 A JP5797483 A JP 5797483A JP S6366178 B2 JPS6366178 B2 JP S6366178B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
superheated steam
germ
heat treatment
normal pressure
embryo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP58057974A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59183667A (en
Inventor
Shizuya Ookubo
Mineo Suzuki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kikkoman Corp
Original Assignee
Kikkoman Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kikkoman Corp filed Critical Kikkoman Corp
Priority to JP58057974A priority Critical patent/JPS59183667A/en
Publication of JPS59183667A publication Critical patent/JPS59183667A/en
Publication of JPS6366178B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6366178B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Grain Derivatives (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は新規な胚芽の加工処理法に関するもの
である。 胚芽は栄養素が豊富で良質のタンパク質、ビタ
ミンB群、ビタミンE含量が多く、栄養価値の高
い食品として注目され、特に最近では穀類の胚芽
部分を取り出し健康食品として、あるいはこれを
各種食品に添加するなどして利用されている。 ところが胚芽は前記栄養素の他に多くの酵素
(リパーゼ等)を含むため、胚芽中の脂肪が分解
されて遊離脂肪酸を生成し、更にはこの遊離脂肪
酸が酸化されて酸化物(例えばアルデヒド、ケト
ン等)を生成する。 このような遊離脂肪酸あるいはこれの酸化物を
含む胚芽は味や香り等嗜好性、保存性の点で難点
があり、これを解決せんがため、例えば特開昭57
−99167号、特開昭57−132856号に見られるよう
な胚芽の品質改良法が提案されている。 しかしながらこれらの方法はいずれも長時間の
加熱処理を必須要件としており、酵素を失活させ
て保存性を高めることはできても、嗜好性の点に
於いて不充分な点があつた。 このような現状に鑑み、本発明者等はより嗜好
性、保存性の高い胚芽を得ることを目的として検
討したところ、胚芽を過熱水蒸気に接触させて短
時間加熱処理することにより、胚芽中の酵素を完
全に失活させることができると同時に、短時間の
加熱のため、加熱後も酸化が促進されず、しかも
胚芽は乾燥状態となり嗜好性、保存性の優れた胚
芽が得られるという知見を得た。 本発明は上記した知見に基き完成されたもので
あつて、胚芽を過熱水蒸気で接触加熱処理するこ
とを特徴とする胚芽の加工処理法である。 以下に本発明を具体的に説明する。 本発明で使用される胚芽としては、例えば小
麦、大麦、米、とうもろこし等から分離したもの
が挙げられる。 これらの胚芽を過熱水蒸気に接触させて加熱処
理するのであるが、その方法は、胚芽が過熱水蒸
気に万遍なく、均一に接触する方法であれば特に
限定はなく、例えば気流式、流動式、撹拌式、通
気バンド式等、公知の気固接触装置を用いること
ができる。 また加熱は常圧、加圧いずれでもよいが、加圧
加熱後、低圧下に急激に放出する、いわゆる膨化
処理を行なうことが好ましく、その装置として
は、例えば特公昭46−34747号における装置のご
とく、管路内を流れる過熱水蒸気により胚芽を浮
遊移送させながら加熱したのち膨化する装置が好
適に用いられる。 接触加熱処理の条件は常圧の場合130〜220℃、
好ましくは150〜180℃で、1〜10分、好ましくは
2〜5分である。 また加圧の場合には圧力2〜7Kg/cm2G、好ま
しくは3〜4Kg/cm2G、温度160〜230℃、好まし
くは190〜220℃で、3〜60秒、好ましくは5〜10
秒である。 このような条件で処理した胚芽は酵素が完全に
失活して嗜好性、保存性の高いものであり、これ
をそのままあるいは適宜調味して健康食品とし
て、あるいはふりかけの原料、その他パンやせん
べい等の食品に添加することができるものであ
る。 以下に実験例を示して本発明の効果を説明す
る。 実験例 原料:玄米から分離した米胚芽を以下の方法で加
熱処理した。 試料1:原料を常圧150℃の過熱水蒸気で5分間、
流動層を用いて接触加熱処理したのち冷風冷却
した。 試料2:原料を常圧180℃の過熱水蒸気で3分間、
流動層を用いて接触加熱処理したのち冷風冷却
した。 試料3:原料を3Kg/cm2G、180℃の過熱水蒸気
の流れる管路内に投入し、浮遊移送させながら
5秒間接触加熱したのち常圧下に放出、膨化処
理した。 試料4:原料を4Kg/cm2G、210℃の過熱水蒸気
の流れる管路内に投入し、浮遊移送させながら
5秒間接触加熱したのち常圧下に放出、膨化処
理した。 ※試料3、4は特公昭46−34747号に記載の
装置を用いた。 試料5(対照):原料をバツチ式のコーヒーロース
ターを用い、130℃達温後10分間加熱焙焼した
のち冷風で冷却した。 試料6:原料を流動層を用いて120℃の熱風で30
分間加熱したのち冷風冷却した。 試料1〜6について、15名のパネルにより順位
法で香りについて官能検査を行なつたところ、第
1表に示す結果を得た。
The present invention relates to a novel embryo processing method. Germ is rich in nutrients and contains high-quality protein, B vitamins, and vitamin E, and has attracted attention as a food with high nutritional value.In recent years, the germ of grains has been extracted and used as a health food or added to various foods. It is used as such. However, since the embryo contains many enzymes (lipase, etc.) in addition to the nutrients mentioned above, the fat in the embryo is decomposed to produce free fatty acids, which are then oxidized to form oxides (e.g. aldehydes, ketones, etc.). ) is generated. Germs containing such free fatty acids or their oxides have drawbacks in terms of taste, aroma, palatability, and storage stability.
A method for improving the quality of embryos has been proposed as seen in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-132856 and No.-99167. However, all of these methods require long-term heat treatment, and although they can deactivate the enzyme and improve storage stability, they are insufficient in terms of palatability. In view of the current situation, the present inventors investigated the purpose of obtaining embryos with higher palatability and shelf life, and found that by bringing the embryos into contact with superheated steam and heating them for a short period of time, the We discovered that the enzyme can be completely inactivated, and at the same time, because the heating is done for a short time, oxidation is not promoted even after heating, and the embryo remains dry, resulting in an embryo with excellent palatability and shelf life. Obtained. The present invention has been completed based on the above-mentioned findings, and is a method for processing germs, which is characterized by subjecting the germs to contact heat treatment with superheated steam. The present invention will be specifically explained below. Examples of the germ used in the present invention include those separated from wheat, barley, rice, corn, and the like. These germs are heat-treated by contacting them with superheated steam, and the method is not particularly limited as long as the germs are evenly and uniformly brought into contact with the superheated steam; for example, air flow, fluid flow, A known gas-solid contact device such as a stirring type or an aeration band type can be used. Although the heating may be carried out under normal pressure or under pressure, it is preferable to perform a so-called swelling treatment in which the air is rapidly released under low pressure after heating under pressure. A device is preferably used in which the germ is heated while floating and transferred by superheated steam flowing in a pipe, and then expanded. The conditions for contact heat treatment are 130 to 220℃ at normal pressure;
The temperature is preferably 150 to 180°C for 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 2 to 5 minutes. In addition, in the case of pressurization, the pressure is 2 to 7 kg/cm 2 G, preferably 3 to 4 kg/cm 2 G, the temperature is 160 to 230°C, preferably 190 to 220°C, for 3 to 60 seconds, preferably 5 to 10
Seconds. The enzymes in the germ treated under these conditions are completely inactivated, making it highly palatable and preservable, and can be used as it is or seasoned as appropriate as a health food, as a raw material for furikake, or as bread, rice crackers, etc. It can be added to some foods. The effects of the present invention will be explained below with reference to experimental examples. Experimental Example Raw material: Rice germ separated from brown rice was heat-treated in the following manner. Sample 1: Raw materials were heated with superheated steam at normal pressure of 150℃ for 5 minutes.
After contact heat treatment using a fluidized bed, cooling was performed with cold air. Sample 2: Raw materials were heated with superheated steam at normal pressure of 180℃ for 3 minutes.
After contact heat treatment using a fluidized bed, cooling was performed with cold air. Sample 3: The raw material was put into a pipe through which superheated steam of 3 Kg/cm 2 G and 180° C. was flowing, and was heated in contact for 5 seconds while being floated, and then discharged under normal pressure and subjected to swelling treatment. Sample 4: The raw material was put into a pipe through which superheated steam of 4 kg/cm 2 G and 210° C. was flowing, and after contact heating for 5 seconds while floating, it was discharged under normal pressure and subjected to swelling treatment. *For samples 3 and 4, the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-34747 was used. Sample 5 (control): Using a batch-type coffee roaster, the raw material was heated and roasted for 10 minutes after reaching a temperature of 130°C, and then cooled with cold air. Sample 6: Raw materials were heated with hot air at 120℃ for 30 minutes using a fluidized bed.
After heating for a minute, the mixture was cooled with cold air. Samples 1 to 6 were subjected to a sensory evaluation of fragrance using a ranking method by a panel of 15 people, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

【表】 (注) クレーマーの検定によつた。
※ 5%有意
※※ 1%有意
以上の結果から明らかな様に、本発明方法によ
つて処理した胚芽(試料1〜4)は対照(試料5
〜6)に比し嗜好的に優れているものであつた。
このような差は本発明方法の加熱処理が短時間で
あること、あるいは過熱水蒸気での加熱処理は実
質的に酸素(空気)のない状態で行なわれること
等に起因するものと考えられる。 以下に実施例を示す。 実施例 1 米糠から篩分した米胚芽を4Kg/cm2G、210℃
の過熱水蒸気が流れる管路内に投入し、浮遊移送
させながら5秒間加熱し、次いで常圧に放出して
膨化処理した。得られた胚芽は香りの良好なもの
であつた。 この胚芽を小麦粉に対して2%添加し常法によ
り食パンを製造したところ、味、香りの良い食パ
ンが得られた。 実施例 2 小麦から分離した小麦胚芽を流動層を用いて、
常圧180℃の過熱水蒸気で3分間加熱処理した。
得られた小麦胚芽は味、香りの良い胚芽であり、
ふりかけの原料として好適に用いることができ
た。
[Table] (Note) Based on Kramer's test.
* 5% significant ** 1% significant As is clear from the above results, the embryos treated by the method of the present invention (samples 1 to 4) are significantly different from the control (sample 5).
-6) were superior in terms of palatability.
Such a difference is considered to be due to the short time of the heat treatment in the method of the present invention, or the fact that the heat treatment with superheated steam is performed in a substantially oxygen (air)-free state. Examples are shown below. Example 1 Rice germ sieved from rice bran at 4 kg/cm 2 G, 210°C
The mixture was placed in a pipe through which superheated steam flows, heated for 5 seconds while floating, and then discharged to normal pressure for expansion treatment. The obtained germ had a good aroma. When 2% of this germ was added to wheat flour and bread was produced by a conventional method, bread with good taste and aroma was obtained. Example 2 Wheat germ separated from wheat was grown using a fluidized bed.
It was heat-treated with superheated steam at normal pressure of 180°C for 3 minutes.
The obtained wheat germ has a good taste and aroma,
It could be suitably used as a raw material for furikake.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 胚芽を過熱水蒸気で接触加熱処理することを
特徴とする胚芽の加工処理法。
1. An embryo processing method characterized by subjecting the embryo to contact heat treatment with superheated steam.
JP58057974A 1983-04-04 1983-04-04 Processing and treatment of germ Granted JPS59183667A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58057974A JPS59183667A (en) 1983-04-04 1983-04-04 Processing and treatment of germ

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58057974A JPS59183667A (en) 1983-04-04 1983-04-04 Processing and treatment of germ

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59183667A JPS59183667A (en) 1984-10-18
JPS6366178B2 true JPS6366178B2 (en) 1988-12-20

Family

ID=13070976

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58057974A Granted JPS59183667A (en) 1983-04-04 1983-04-04 Processing and treatment of germ

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59183667A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4746706B1 (en) * 2010-08-04 2011-08-10 食協株式会社 Rice milling method
IT201900006825A1 (en) 2019-05-14 2020-11-14 Rondolino Soc Cooperativa Agricola METHOD AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A READY-TO-USE FOOD PRODUCT BASED ON RICE GEM

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59183667A (en) 1984-10-18

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