JPS6365049B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a preventive or therapeutic agent for bloat.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a preventive or therapeutic agent for bloat containing at least a sugar fatty acid ester. Bloat is a disease in which the rumen and second stomach of ruminant animals such as cows and sheep expand excessively due to fermentation gases accumulated inside. Ruminants suffering from bloat suffer from loss of appetite, resulting in decreased weight gain and milk production, and in severe cases, they may have difficulty breathing and may die of suffocation. Regarding the breeding of
It is one of the most terrifying diseases. Various theories have been proposed regarding the causes of bloat, but the current consensus is that excessive feeding of legume grass and concentrated feed are the causes. In other words, when a large amount of leguminous grass is fed, the saponin contained in the legume grass tends to cause the rumen contents to foam due to the action of foaming substances such as vegetable proteins, and roughage In the case of insufficient feed or overfeeding of concentrated feed, abnormal fermentation in the rumen and increase in the viscosity of the liquid content are likely to occur. It is believed that the stomach and rumen become overly distended. Conventionally, methods for preventing or treating bloat include (1) spraying large amounts of oil on pastures, (2) maintaining an appropriate amount of roughage in addition to concentrated feed, and (3) adding water and minerals to the pasture. silicone inside the block,
A method of constantly adding an antifoaming agent such as polypropylene glycol (also known as polyoxypropylene glycol) or polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block copolymer, (4) a treatment method of expelling gas using a gastric catheter or trocar, (5) ) large amounts of silicone, polypropylene glycol, polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block copolymer,
Treatment methods using antifoaming agents such as mineral oil and vegetable oil are known, but each method has the following drawbacks. In other words, (1) requires spreading oil over a vast pasture, which is time-consuming and uneconomical.
In addition, (2) is contradictory to Japan's early fattening method for beef cattle, which involves feeding a large amount of concentrated feed, and it is difficult to expect a perfect effect. They need a home and are likely to recur unless the cause of the bloating is removed. Also, (3)
Although (5) can exhibit relatively good effects, most currently known antifoaming agents have problems because they cause digestive disorders when administered continuously over a long period of time or in large doses at one time. Therefore, there is currently a need for the emergence of a drug that has both superior performance in terms of antifoaming effect and other aspects as well as high safety. In view of the current situation, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies and found that sugar fatty acid esters have an excellent antifoaming effect.
It has been found that it has various properties such as reducing the viscosity of rumen juice and is highly safe, so it is suitable as a preventive and therapeutic agent for bloat, leading to the completion of the present invention. . Next, the present invention will be explained in detail. Animals targeted by the agent for preventing or treating bloat of the present invention are ruminants such as beef cattle, dairy cattle, calves, sheep, and goats. In addition, the sugar fatty acid esters used in the present invention include arabinose, xylose, ribose, lyxose, ribulose, xylulose, glucose, galactose, talose, mannose, fructose, sorbose, tagatose, psicose, maltose ( maltose), isomaltose, cellobiose, gentiobiose,
Refers to fatty acid esters of sugars represented by trehalose, lactose, sucrose, maltotriose, gentianose, raffinose, stachyose, etc., and is a monoester having one ester bond in one molecule, or 2
Polyesters such as diesters, triesters, and tetraesters having three or more ester bonds, or mixtures of these monoesters and polyesters may be used. Among the above-mentioned sugar fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters in particular are industrially produced in large quantities, are easily available, and are relatively inexpensive, so they are the sugars that can be most advantageously used in the present invention. It is one of the fatty acid esters. As the fatty acid component constituting the sugar fatty acid ester, a fatty acid having about 6 to 24 carbon atoms is usually suitable. The fatty acid may be either saturated or unsaturated. Further, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is not limited to a straight chain type, but may be a branched type, and furthermore, a fatty acid having a substituent such as a hydroxyl group may be used. Note that the fatty acid is not necessarily limited to monobasic acids, and dibasic acids and the like can also be used. In addition, fatty acids are not limited to fatty acids derived from natural products such as oils and fats, and can be produced by liquid phase catalytic oxidation of paraffin, carbonylation of α-olefin (oxo method), carboxylation of branched olefin (Koch method), etc. Synthetic fatty acids can also be used. Typical examples of these fatty acids include caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, 2-methyltetradecanoic acid, 5-methyltetradecanoic acid,
2,2-dimethyltetradecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid , erucic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, 1,20-eicosamethylene dicarboxylic acid, and the like. Note that the above-mentioned sugar fatty acid esters do not necessarily have to be used alone, and two or more types of sugar fatty acid esters with different sugar components and fatty acid components, different numbers of ester bonds, etc. can be used in any ratio. can. These sugar fatty acid esters can be obtained by alcoholyzing sugar and fatty acid lower alkyl ester such as fatty acid methyl ester or fatty acid ethyl ester in the presence of water or a highly safe solvent such as propylene glycol. It can be easily produced according to known methods such as alcoholysis of fatty acid triglyceride in the absence of a solvent, and reaction of sugar with fatty acid chloride or fatty acid anhydride. Those produced by the method described above can also be used in the present invention. Note that sugar fatty acid esters do not necessarily have to be highly purified; for example, when producing sugar fatty acid esters, some of them may remain unreacted or may remain in the crude reaction product. Sugars, fatty acid lower alkyl esters, fatty acid glycerides, etc., alcohols produced as by-products in reactions, glycerin, fatty acid salts, etc., fatty acids produced as by-products in the refining process, etc., may be contained as long as they are highly safe. There is no particular problem. The bloat preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention is in powder form,
Granules, pellets, crumbles, cubes,
tablet form, semi-moist form, paste form, aqueous solution form,
It can be prepared and used in any form such as an aqueous suspension. When preparing the various forms mentioned above, in addition to water, wheat flour, starch, dextrin, etc., cereals such as corn and milo (corian), which are widely used as feed ingredients, and bran such as rice bran, defatted rice bran, and bran are used. , soybean oil cake, rapeseed oil cake, cottonseed oil cake,
Oil cakes such as linseed oil cake, fats and oils such as beef tallow, soybean oil, palm oil, coconut oil, and fish oil may be used as diluents. When administering the prophylactic or therapeutic agent for bloating of the present invention to animals, the agent prepared in the various forms described above is fed separately from drinking water and feed, or forcibly administered into the rumen. Although it may be injected, the most convenient method is usually to add it to drinking water or to feed it by adding it to feed. In addition, in the case of a feeding system that mainly uses grass, it is also possible to adopt a method of spraying this agent onto the grass. The usage amount of the agent for preventing or treating bloat of the present invention is determined by the type, age, body weight, etc. of the target animal, whether it is used as a preventive agent or a therapeutic agent, the method of administration, and the degree of bloat. This varies depending on the type of feed, etc., and cannot be uniformly stipulated, but for example, when added to drinking water or feed, sugar fatty acid esters may be added to the drinking water or feed ultimately fed to the animal. Normally, 0.01 to 10 in terms of pure content.
A suitable amount is about 0.05 to 5% by weight, most preferably about 0.3 to 3% by weight. If the amount of sugar fatty acid ester used is less than the lower limit of the above range, it will be difficult to fully exhibit the effects of the present invention, and even if it is used in an amount greater than the upper limit, no special effect will be exhibited. In fact, both are unfavorable because they are uneconomical. Furthermore, when used as a prophylactic agent, it can be sufficiently effective even at relatively low concentrations if administered continuously, but when used as a therapeutic agent, it is used at a higher concentration than in the case of a prophylactic agent. The effect of the present invention can be exhibited in a shorter period of time. The agent for preventing or treating bloat of the present invention is usually used alone, but it can of course be used in combination with existing antifoaming agents such as silicone, polypropylene glycol, polyoxypropylene oxyethylene block copolymers, oils and fats, and other antifoaming agents. It can also be used in combination with drugs. The agent for preventing or treating bloat of the present invention has a better antifoaming effect than conventionally used agents, so it can prevent the foaming of ruminal fluid of ruminants, and , it is possible to return the foamed rumen juice to its normal state. Moreover, the bloat preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention is the first
Since it has the effect of lowering the viscosity of gastric juice, it has the effect of facilitating the rapid discharge of gas generated in the rumen out of the body through the mouth. In addition, the sugar fatty acid ester used in the bloat preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention is extremely safe and easily metabolized in vivo, so it cannot be continuously administered to animals for a long period of time, or even once. Even when administered in large doses, there is no problem in terms of safety. As detailed above, the drug of the present invention has various properties such as an excellent antifoaming effect and an effect of reducing the viscosity of ruminant juice of ruminants, and is highly safe, so it can be used as a bloat preventive agent or Useful as a therapeutic agent. The present invention will be explained in more detail below using Examples, Comparative Examples, and Reference Examples. Examples 1 to 6 Effect of administering “the bloat preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention” on bloat that frequently occurs when feeding leguminous grass in large amounts,
In particular, in order to study the antifoaming effect in a model manner, we used "various bloat prevention or treatment agents of the present invention containing at least sugar fatty acid esters listed in Table 1" for a saponin aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.25% by weight. The foaming power of the aqueous solution was measured when the aqueous solution was added to a predetermined concentration (listed in Table 1). The results are shown in Table-1.
The foaming power was measured as follows. Method for measuring foaming power Add a predetermined amount of the bloat preventive or therapeutic agent of the present invention to a Sanipon aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.25% by weight, mix it, and then use the Ross & Miles method (Japanese Industrial Standards JIS) at a temperature of 25°C or 40°C. K 3362) after foaming and 5
Measure the foam height (mm) after minutes. Comparative Examples 1 to 2 The foaming power was measured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6 in the case of using only a 0.25% by weight saponin aqueous solution without adding any of the bloat preventive or therapeutic agents of the present invention ( The measurement temperature was 25℃ for Comparative Example 1 and 40℃ for Comparative Example 2.
℃). The results are shown in Table-1.

[Table] Reference example 1 Commercially available bloat prevention agent (polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block copolymer: molecular weight
1250, content of polyoxyethylene part 20%)
The concentration of saponin in an aqueous solution of 0.25% by weight is 0.25
After adding the aqueous solution in an amount of % by weight, the foaming power of the aqueous solution was measured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6 (measurement temperature was 25%).
As a result, the foaming power was 65mm (immediately) and 57mm (5℃).
minutes later). Reference Example 2 After adding the same commercially available bloat preventive agent as used in Reference Example 1 to a saponin aqueous solution measured at 0.25% by weight so that the concentration was 0.05% by weight, the foaming power of the aqueous solution was measured according to Example Effect measured in the same manner as 1 to 6 (measurement temperature was 25℃), foaming power was 172 mm (immediately), 152
mm (after 5 minutes). Example 7 Using 10 male Holstein steers weighing 450 kg,
Divided into 2 groups (test group, control group) with 5 animals in each group.
Each group was fed ad libitum with concentrated feed having the composition shown in Table 2, and a 4-week test was conducted. As a result, excessive abdominal distension was observed intermittently in two of the cows in the control group, and mild bloating occurred, but no bloating was observed in the cows in the test group. Furthermore, during the test period, rumen fluid was collected from all cows at 2 and 4 weeks, and the viscosity was measured; the test group was 9.4 centipoise/25°C, and the control group was 15.1/25 centipoise.
°C (both are average values of measurements from 2nd and 4th week)
It was hot.

【table】

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A prophylactic or therapeutic agent for bloat comprising at least a sugar fatty acid ester. 2. The agent for preventing bloat according to claim 1, wherein the sugar fatty acid ester is a sucrose fatty acid ester;
or therapeutic agents. 3. The agent for preventing or treating bloat according to claim 1, wherein the sugar fatty acid ester is a raffinose fatty acid ester. 4. The agent for preventing or treating bloat according to claim 1, wherein the sugar fatty acid ester is a maltotriose fatty acid ester.