JPS6365026B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6365026B2 JPS6365026B2 JP57042983A JP4298382A JPS6365026B2 JP S6365026 B2 JPS6365026 B2 JP S6365026B2 JP 57042983 A JP57042983 A JP 57042983A JP 4298382 A JP4298382 A JP 4298382A JP S6365026 B2 JPS6365026 B2 JP S6365026B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- ldpe
- surfactant
- thickness
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polyethylenes Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005648 ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octadecoxyoctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOHZKUSWWGUUNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4,5-dihydroimidazol-1-yl)ethanol Chemical compound OCCN1CCN=C1 GOHZKUSWWGUUNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCYSJBICYOIBLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dodecylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCO HCYSJBICYOIBLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTMZHHCFEOXAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O BTMZHHCFEOXAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVUNTIMPQCQCAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecanoyloxyethyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC ZVUNTIMPQCQCAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRIBUWOAMIKHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecyl-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazole Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=NCCN1 VRIBUWOAMIKHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical class CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJCWFDPJFXGQBN-RYNSOKOISA-N [(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-octadecanoyloxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-octadecanoyloxyethyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IJCWFDPJFXGQBN-RYNSOKOISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXGZAZHUMGCACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxymethyl-dodecyl-dimethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O HXGZAZHUMGCACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YVIGPQSYEAOLAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;dodecyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOP([O-])([O-])=O YVIGPQSYEAOLAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960000878 docusate sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009820 dry lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical class C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940100242 glycol stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWQDFVQOAVKPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyloctadecanamide;methanamine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(CC)CC PWQDFVQOAVKPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZQFNTYKHHDUFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN.O[N+]([O-])=O FZQFNTYKHHDUFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002888 oleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940083254 peripheral vasodilators imidazoline derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KBAFDSIZQYCDPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octadecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O KBAFDSIZQYCDPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001589 sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004129 sorbitan tristearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940037312 stearamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
本発明は流滴性の良好な農業用フイルムに関す
るものである。更に詳しくは、実質的に流滴性の
改善された農業用リニア・ローデンシテイ・ポリ
エチレン(Linear Low Density Polyethylene、
以下L−LDPEと表わす)フイルムに関するもで
ある。
従来、農業用ハウス・トンネル等の温室栽培に
はポリ塩化ビニルフイルム、ポリエチレンフイル
ム、エチレン−酢酸ビニルフイルム等が被覆材と
して用いられている。近年ポリエチレンの一種で
あるL−LDPEが上市され、このL−LDPEのフ
イルムは引裂き強さ、衝撃強度、腰の強さ等に優
れることから農業用被覆材の分野にも利用されは
じめたが、該L−LDPEフイルムを被覆材として
用いた場合、土壌中の水分が凝縮してフイルム面
水滴を形成し、ハウス・トンネル内への光の透過
が悪くなり作物の生長に悪い影響を与えたり、凝
縮した水滴がボタ落ちして作物を痛めたり病害の
発生源となるなどのいわゆるフイルムの流滴性不
良による問題が発生している。L−LDPEフイル
ムの流滴性の改善方法としては(1)酢酸ビニル、ア
クリル酸等のビニル化合物を共重合させて流滴性
を付与する方法、あるいは(2)界面活性剤をL−
LDPEフイルムに塗布する方法、または(3)L−
LDPEに界面活性剤を混ぜてフイルムにする方法
等がある。しかしながら(1)の共重合物とする方法
では流滴性がわずかに改善されるが、まだ不十分
であり、更に何らかの流滴性の向上が要求され
る。また(2)の界面活性剤を塗布する方法では塗布
した当初は流滴性が良好であるが、界面活性剤が
流失あるいは拡散により数日にして流滴性が消失
してしまい、流滴性が消失する毎に改めて界面活
性剤を塗布する必要がある。更に(3)の界面活性剤
を混ぜてフイルム化する方法ではL−LDPEと界
面活性剤の相溶性が悪く流滴性が短期間しか持続
しない等何れも問題がある。
本発明の目的は流滴性が良好で且つ流滴性が長
期間持続する農業用L−LDPEフイルムを得るこ
とにある。
本発明者らは流滴性の良好な農業用L−LDPE
フイルムにつき鋭意検討した結果、L−LDPEフ
イルムの片面に界面活性剤を含む樹脂層を設ける
ことにより、実質的に流滴性が改善され、且つ驚
くべきことにも流滴性が長期間保持されることを
見い出し、本発明を完成するに至つた。
即ち本発明に従つてL−LDPEを主体とする基
材層と、該基材層と相溶性があり且つ樹脂100重
量部当り0.01〜8重量部の界面活性剤を含む樹脂
からなる層が重層に形成されている(即ち積層さ
れている)ことを特徴とする農業用フイルムが得
られる。
本発明の農業用フイルムはその基材層がL−
LDPEを主体として形成されていることが必要で
あるが、その基材層がL−LDPE単独で構成され
ていても勿論かまわない。
基材層の主体として用いられるL−LDPEとは
低密度ポリエチレンの一種であり、エチレンと1
−ブテン、1−オクテン等のα−オレフインとの
共重合体である。L−LDPEは主鎖がほぼ直線的
につながつており、ところどころに共重合するα
−オレフインに基づくアルキル基の側鎖が着いて
いることから従来の低密度ポリエチレンに比べL
−LDPEは引裂き強さ、衝撃強度、腰の強さ等に
優れている。
本発明では何れのL−LDPEでも使用できる
が、密度0.900〜0.935g/cm3、メルトインデツク
ス0.1〜15g/10分のものが好ましい。なお、L
−LDPEの密度およびメルトインデツクスはJIS
K−6760(ポリエチレン試験方法)に従つて測定
する(密度:JIS K−7112、メルトインデツク
ス:JIS K−7210準用)。
また基材層の主体として用いられるL−LDPE
にブレンドして用いる樹脂としては、低密度ポリ
エチレン、中密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチ
レン等のポリエチレン類、エチレン−酢酸ビニル
共重合体、エチレン−α−オレフイン共重合体、
ポリプロピレンなどであり、これらは単独あるい
は2種以上の混合で用いられる。L−LDPEにこ
れらの樹脂をブレンドすることによりL−LDPE
単独の場合に比べフエノール誘導体等の酸化防止
剤、ベンゾトリアゾール誘導体等の紫外線吸収剤
などの通常ポリオレフイン樹脂に添加される添加
剤のブリードが抑えられたり、界面活性剤を含む
樹脂との相溶性が向上するなどの好ましい結果が
得られることがある。L−LDPEを基材層として
単独で用いると問題があるような場合L−LDPE
にこれらの樹脂をブレンドすることが好ましい。
L−LDPEにブレンドする樹脂の量はL−LDPE
と同量以下が好ましい。L−LDPEの量を越して
前記ポリエチレン等の樹脂がブレンドされた場
合、基材層の性質はL−LDPEの優れた性質が急
激に弱まり、ブレンドされた樹脂の性質に近いも
のとなつてしまう。
基材層の厚みとしては好ましくは5〜200μで
ある。なお、シート状フイルムとする場合は基材
層が200μ以上あつても良いことは勿論である。
なお基材層が5μ未満では実質的に強度が不足し
基材としての役割を果さない。
界面活性剤を含む樹脂としては、L−LDPE層
と相溶性のある樹脂が好ましい。特に好ましい樹
脂を例示するならば低密度ポリエチレン、高密度
ポリエチレン、中密度ポリエチレン等のポリエチ
レン類、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレ
ン−α−オレフイン共重合体、アイオノマー樹脂
等があげられる。ここに記した「相溶性のある」
とは、L−LDPE層と界面活性剤を含む樹脂層を
積層せしめたとき、互に剥離しない程度に接着性
があることを意味し、両層の樹脂が均一に混ざり
合うような溶解性は要求していない。
界面活性剤を含む樹脂層の厚さとしては5〜
200ミクロンが適当で、好ましくは5〜100ミクロ
ンである。
界面活性剤を含む樹脂層が厚い程流滴性の持続
性は良くなるが、基材層の有する特性を損なう等
あまり厚くすると問題が生じる。基材層に比べほ
ぼ同厚みかそれより薄い方が良い。
本発明で用いる界面活性剤は流滴性を与えうる
ものならばアニオン、カチオン、ノニオンあるい
は両性界面活性剤の何れでもよい。例示するなら
ば、
(イ) アニオン界面活性剤:ラウリルリン酸ナトリ
ウム、ポリオキシエチレン−ラウリルリン酸ナ
トリウム等のリン酸エステル類、ラウリル硫酸
ナトリウム、硫酸化オレイン酸のナトリウム塩
等の硫酸エステル類、ステアリルスルホン酸ナ
トリウム、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸トリエ
タノールアミン塩、ジオクチルスルホサクシネ
ートのナトリウム塩等のスルホン酸塩類など
(ロ) カチオン界面活性剤:ラウリルトリメチルア
ンモニウムクロライド、N,N−ジメチル−N
−(ヒドロキシエチル)−3−(ステアロアミド)
−プロピルアンモニウムナイトレート等の4級
アンモニウム塩類、2−オクタデシル−1−
(ヒドロキシエチル)−2−イミダゾリン等のイ
ミダゾリン誘導体、N,N−ジエチル−(ステ
アロアミド)−メチルアミン塩酸塩、ポリオキ
シエチレンステアリルアミン等のアミン類な
ど、
(ハ) ノニオン界面活性剤:ポリエチレングリコー
ルノニルフエニルエーテル、ポリエチレングリ
コールステアリルエーテル等のポリエチレング
リコールのエーテル類、ポリエチレングリコー
ルステアレート、ポリエチレングリコールジラ
ウレート等のポリエチレングリコールのカルボ
ン酸エステル類、グリセリンモノステアレー
ト、ソルビタンモノパルミテート、ソルビタン
トリステアレート等の多価アルコールの部分カ
ルボン酸エステル類、ソルビタンモノステアレ
ートのポリオキシエチレン誘導体、ソルビタン
モノラウレートのポリオキシエチレン誘導体等
の多価アルコールの部分カルボン酸エステルの
ポリオキシエチレン誘導体類、N,N−ジ−
(ヒドロキシエチル)−ラウリルアミド、N−
(2−ビドロキシプロピル)−ステアロアミド等
のアミド誘導体類、ポリエチレンオキサイド−
ポリプロピレンオキサイドのブロツクコポリマ
ー類など、
(ニ) 両性界面活性剤:N−ラウリル−3−イミノ
ジプロピオン酸および同ナトリウム塩、N−カ
ルボキシメチル−N,N−ジメチル−N−ドデ
シルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド等のベタ
イン化合物類、2−オクタデシル−1−(ヒド
ロキシエチル)−2−イミダゾリンの硫酸エス
テル、2−ドデシル−1−カルボキシメチル−
1−(ヒドロキシエチル)−2−イミダゾリニウ
ムハイドロキサイドおよび同ナトリウム、カル
シウム等の金属塩のイミダゾリン誘導体類な
ど、
をあげることができる。これらは単独であるいは
2種以上の混合で使用される。
界面活性剤の使用量としては界面活性剤を含ま
せる樹脂100重量部当り0.01〜8重量部が適当で
好ましくは0.1〜5重量部である。使用量が0.01
重量部未満では流滴性が得られないか、得られて
も流滴性が十分でなく、かつ数日で流滴性が失し
なわれる。また使用量が8重量部を越えるとフイ
ルムが失透したり、積層した2層が剥離する等の
問題が生じる。
界面活性剤の添加はコンパウデングの過程で行
なうのが好都合である。また界面活性剤の添加方
法は均一に分散加工できるものであれば何れでも
使用できる。本発明の農業用フイルムは基材層と
界面活性剤を含む樹脂層が重層に形成されること
が必要であり、この農業用フイルムを製造する方
法としては、それぞれの樹脂をインフレーシヨン
加工、T−ダイ加工等の通常の加工法で成形して
フイルムにしたものをドライラミネート、ヒート
ラミネート法により貼り合わせる方法、L−
LDPEフイルムに界面活性剤を含む樹脂層を押出
しラミネートする方法、二層押出法により、L−
LDPE層と界面活性剤を含む樹脂層を同時に押出
しフイルムを成形する方法等既に公知の方法があ
り何れでも用いることができる。
本発明のように基材フイルムの片面に界面活性
剤を含む樹脂層に設けると流滴性が必要面にのみ
得られかつ驚くべきことに流滴性が長期にわたり
持続され有利である。また本発明の農業用フイル
ムはL−LDPEフイルムが持つ引裂き強さ、衝撃
強度、腰の強さ等の優れた特性を有する利点があ
る。
以下実施例により本発明の有用性を例示する。
これらの実施例は例示的なものであつてこれによ
つて本発明の技術範囲を限定するものではない。
実施例に本発明の農業用フイルムの製作例を示
し、第1表〜第5表に得られたフイルムの流滴性
の試験結果を示す。
第1表は界面活性剤を含ませる樹脂を変更した
フイルムについての流滴性の試験結果を、第2表
はL−LDPEを主体とする基材層の樹脂を変更し
たフイルムについての流滴性の試験結果を、第3
表は(1)基材層および界面活性剤を含む樹脂からな
る層の厚みを変更させたフイルムと(2)界面活性剤
の添加量を変えたフイルムの流滴性の試験結果
を、また第4表は使用する界面活性剤の種類を変
えたフイルムの流滴性の試験結果を示している。
更に、第5表に比較の為に全く界面活性剤を含ま
ないフイルム(比較例1)、単にL−LDPEに界
面活性剤を練込んだだけのフイルム(比較例2)、
および市販の農業用フイルムで流滴タイプとして
売られているもの(参考例1〜3)についての流
滴性の試験結果を示した。
なお、第1表〜第5表に示した流滴性は次の試
験方法により判定したものである。
低温持続流滴性(5℃法)
300mlのビーカーに5℃の水200mlを入れ、界
面活性剤を含む樹脂の面を内側にして試料フイ
ルムで覆う。このビーカーを5℃に保つた水漕
にいれ、ほぼビーカーの水面の位置まで浸す。
このビーカーおよび水漕を0℃に保つた恒温室
に入れ、所定時間後のフイルムの流滴性を観察
する。
温水持続流滴性(50℃法)
300mlビーカーに50℃の温水200mlを入れ、界
面活性剤を含む樹脂の面を内側にし試料フイル
ムで覆う。このビーカーを50℃に保つた温水漕
中にほぼビーカー内の温水面の位置まで浸す。
このビーカーおよび温水漕を15℃に保つた恒温
室に入れ、所定時間経過後のフイルムの流滴性
を観察する。
実施例 1
基材層として市販のL−LDPEフイルム(厚さ
25μ、商品名リニエース、サンウエル工業株式会
社製メルトインデツクス2.0g/10分、密度0.92
g/cm、界面活性剤含まず)を用いこのフイルム
上に、ノニオン界面活性剤ソルビタンモノパルミ
テート(商品名スパン40、花王アトラス株式会社
製)1.0重量部と低密度ポリエチレン(商品名ミ
ラソン45、三井ポリケミカル株式会社製、メルト
インデツクス1.5g/10分、密度0.921g/cm3)
100重量部の混合物を界面活性剤を含む樹脂とし
て用い押し出しラミネートし、厚み50μのフイル
ムを得た。
実施例 2
実施例1において低密度ポリエチレンの代りに
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合物(商品名エバフレ
ツクスP1403、三井ポリケミカル株式会社製、メ
ルトインデツクス1.4g/10分、密度0.93g/cm3、
酢酸ビニル14%)を界面活性剤を含む樹脂として
用いた他は実施例1と同様にして厚み50μのフイ
ルムを得た。
実施例 3
実施例1において低密度ポリエチレンの代りに
アイオノマー樹脂(商品名ハイミラン1706、三井
ポリケミカル株式会社製、メルトインデツクス
0.7g/10分、密度0.97g/cm3、エチレン−メタ
クリル酸共重合物の亜鉛塩タイプ)を界面活性剤
を含む樹脂として用いた他は実施例1と同様にし
て厚み50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 4
実施例1において低密度ポリエチレンの代りに
アイオノマー樹脂(商品名ハイミラン1707、三井
ポリケミカル株式会社製、メルトインデツクス
0.9g/10分、密度0.95g/cm3、エチレン−メタ
クリル酸供重合物のナトリウム塩タイプ)を界面
活性剤を含む樹脂層として用いた他は実施例1と
同様方法で厚さ50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 5
実施例1において低密度ポリエチレンの代りに
高密度ポリエチレン(商品名ハイゼツクス
5000S、三井石油化学工業株式会社製、メルトイ
ンデツクス0.8g/10分、密度0.96g/cm3)を界
面活性剤を含む樹脂として用いた他は実施例1と
同様方法にて厚さ50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 6
実施例1において市販のL−LDPEフイルム
(商品名リニエース)に代りに、L−LDPE(商品
名ウルトゼツクス3021F三井石油化学株式会社
製、メルトインデツクス2.1g/10分、密度0.92
g/cm3)を用いインフレシヨン押出し法により厚
み25μのフイルムを作成し、該フイルムを基材層
に用いた他は実施例1と同様方法にて厚さ50μの
フイルムを得た。
実施例 7
実施例1において市販のL−LDPEフイルム
(商品名リニエース)の代りにL−LDPE(商品名
ウルトゼツクス3021F)70重量部と低密度ポリエ
チレン(商品名ミラソン45)30重量部とをブレン
ドし、該樹脂を用いインフレシヨン押出し法によ
り厚み25μのフイルムを作成し、該フイルムを基
材層に用いた他は実施例1と同様方法にて厚み
50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 8
実施例1において市販のL−LDPEフイルム
(商品名リニエース)の代りにL−LDPE(商品名
ウルトゼツクス3021F)80重量部と高密度ポリエ
チレン(商品名ハイゼツクス5000S)20重量部と
をブレンドし、該樹脂を用いインフレーシヨン押
出し法により厚み25μのフイルムを作成し、該フ
イルムを基材層に用いた他は実施例1と同様方法
にて厚み50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 9
実施例1において市販のL−LDPEフイルム
(商品名リニエース)の代りにL−LDPE(商品名
ウルトゼツクス3021F)70重量部とエチレン−酢
酸ビニル共重合物(商品名エバフレツクス
P1403)30重量部とをブレンドし、該樹脂を用
い、インフレーシヨン押出し法により厚み25μの
フイルムを作成し、該フイルムを基材層に用いた
他は実施例1と同様方法にて厚み50μのフイルム
を得た。
実施例 10
実施例1において市販のL−LDPEフイルム
(商品名リニエース)の代りに、L−LDPE(商品
名ウルトゼツクス3021F)80重量部とポリプロピ
レン(商品名三井ノーブレンFL−100、三井東圧
化学株式会社製、メルトインデツクス8g/10
分、密度0.91g/cm3)20重量部とをブレンドし、
該樹脂を用い、インフレーシヨン押出し法により
厚み25μのフイルムを作成し、該フイルムを基材
層として用いた他は実施例1と同様方法にて厚み
50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 11
実施例1において市販のL−LDPEフイルム
(商品名リニエース)の代りにL−LDPE(商品名
ウルトゼツクス3021F)を用いインフレーシヨン
押出し法により厚み50μのフイルムを作成し、該
フイルムを基材層として用いた他は実施例1と同
様方法にて厚み7μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 12
実施例1において市販のL−LDPEフイルム
(商品名リニエース)の代りにL−LDPE(商品名
ウルトゼツクス3021F)を用いインフレーシヨン
押出し法により厚み50μのフイルムを作成し、該
フイルムを基材層として用いた他は実施例1と同
様方法にて厚み100μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 13
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の使用量を0.1重量部にした他は実施例1と同様
にして厚さ50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 14
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の使用量を0.2重量部にした他は実施例1と同様
にして厚み50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 15
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の使用量を3重量部にした他は実施例1と同様に
して厚み50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 16
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の使用量を5重量部にした他は実施例1と同様に
して厚さ50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 17
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の代りにノニオン界面活性剤ポリエチレングリコ
ールノニルフエニルエーテル(商品名ノイゲン
EA120、第1工業製薬株式会社製)を用いた他は
実施例1と同様にして厚さ50μのフイルムを得
た。
実施例 18
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の代りにアニオン界面活性剤アルキルリン酸エス
テル(商品名エレクトール#100、日本油脂株式
会社製)を用いた他は実施例1と同様にして厚み
50μのフイルムを得た。
実施例 19
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の代りにイミダゾリン誘導体の両性界面活性剤
(商品名レオスタツト53、ライオン油脂株式会社
製)を用いた他は実施例1と同様にして厚み50μ
のフイルムを得た。
実施例 20
実施例1においてソルビタンモノパルミテート
の代りに、カチオン界面活性剤NNN−トリメチ
ル−3−(ラウリルアミド)−プロピオンアンモニ
ウム、メチルサルフエート(商品名エレガンR−
115、日本油脂株式会社製)を用いた他は実施例
1と同様にして、厚み50μのフイルムを得た。
比較例 1
市販の界面活性剤を含まないL−LDPEフイル
ム(商品名リニエース、厚み25μ)は全く流滴性
を示さない。
比較例 2
L−LDPE(商品名ウルトゼツクス3021F)100
重量部とソルビタンモノパルミテート(商品名ス
パン40)1.0重量部の混合物をインフレーシヨン
加工して厚み50μのフイルムを得た。得られたフ
イルムの流滴性は十分でなく、かつ数日にして消
失した。(第1表、第5表参照)
参考例 1
市販の農業用ポリエチレンフイルム(商品名農
ポリ、厚み50μ、流滴タイプ、東洋ポリロン株式
会社製)は流滴性機能を発揮するもその持続性は
本発明の農業用フイルムに比べ劣る。(第5表参
照)
参考例 2
市販の農業用エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合フイ
ルム(商品名農サクビ、厚み50μ、流滴タイプ、
東洋ポリロン株式会社製)は流滴性機能を発揮す
るもその持続性は本発明の農業用フイルムよりや
や劣る。(第5表参照)
参考例 3
市販の農業用塩化ビニルフイルム(商品名三井
ビニール、厚み50μ、流滴タイプ、三井東圧化学
株式会社製)の試験結果を第5表に示した。
第1表〜第5表についての注
注(1) 界面活性剤添加量(phr)は樹脂100重量
部に対する重量部である。
注(2) 樹脂名に記した記号は次の樹脂を示す。
L−LDPE:リニア・ローデンシテイ・ポ
リエチレン
LDPE:低密度ポリエチレン
HDPE:高密度ポリエチレン
EVA:エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合
体
PP:ポリプロピレン
PE:ポリエチレン
PVC:ポリ塩化ビニル
注(3) 流滴性の項で1Hは1時間目、1Wは1週間
目、3Wは3周間目、5Wは5週間目を示
す。
又、流滴性の程度を◎、〇、△、×で示し
た。
◎;フイルムに水滴が付着することなく、
流出して透明性を保つ。
〇;フイルムに水滴が付着することなく、
流出するが、流出の仕方がややにぶ
い。
△;フイルムに水滴が部分的に付着し、長
いすじを描いて流出する。
×;フイルム全面に水滴が付着し、流出し
ない。
The present invention relates to an agricultural film with good droplet flow properties. More specifically, agricultural linear low density polyethylene (Linear Low Density Polyethylene) with substantially improved droplet
The present invention relates to a film (hereinafter referred to as L-LDPE). Conventionally, polyvinyl chloride film, polyethylene film, ethylene-vinyl acetate film, etc. have been used as covering materials for greenhouse cultivation such as agricultural greenhouses and tunnels. In recent years, L-LDPE, a type of polyethylene, has been put on the market, and this L-LDPE film has begun to be used in the field of agricultural covering materials due to its excellent tear strength, impact strength, and stiffness. When the L-LDPE film is used as a covering material, water in the soil condenses and forms water droplets on the film surface, which impairs light transmission into greenhouses and tunnels, adversely affecting crop growth. Problems have arisen due to so-called poor droplet flow properties of the film, such as condensed water droplets dripping off and damaging crops or becoming a source of disease. Methods for improving the droplet properties of L-LDPE films include (1) copolymerizing vinyl compounds such as vinyl acetate and acrylic acid to impart droplet properties, or (2) adding surfactants to L-LDPE films.
Method of coating on LDPE film, or (3) L-
There are methods such as mixing LDPE with a surfactant to make a film. However, although the method (1) of forming a copolymer improves the droplet flow properties slightly, it is still insufficient, and some kind of improvement in the droplet flow properties is required. In addition, in the method (2) of applying a surfactant, the droplet properties are good at the beginning of application, but the droplet properties disappear after a few days due to the surfactant being washed away or diffused. It is necessary to reapply the surfactant each time it disappears. Furthermore, the method (3) of mixing a surfactant to form a film has problems, such as poor compatibility between L-LDPE and the surfactant, and droplet flow lasting only for a short period of time. An object of the present invention is to obtain an L-LDPE film for agricultural use that has good droplet flow properties and maintains droplet flow properties for a long period of time. The present inventors developed agricultural L-LDPE with good droplet flow properties.
As a result of extensive research into the film, we found that by providing a resin layer containing a surfactant on one side of the L-LDPE film, the droplet flow properties were substantially improved, and surprisingly, the droplet flow properties were maintained for a long period of time. The present invention was completed based on this discovery. That is, according to the present invention, a base material layer mainly composed of L-LDPE and a layer consisting of a resin that is compatible with the base material layer and contains 0.01 to 8 parts by weight of a surfactant per 100 parts by weight of the resin are laminated. An agricultural film is obtained, which is characterized in that it is formed of (i.e., laminated). The agricultural film of the present invention has a base layer of L-
Although it is necessary that the base material layer is formed mainly of LDPE, it is of course possible that the base material layer is formed of L-LDPE alone. L-LDPE, which is used as the main material of the base material layer, is a type of low-density polyethylene, and is composed of ethylene and
-It is a copolymer with α-olefin such as butene and 1-octene. In L-LDPE, the main chains are connected almost linearly, and α copolymerizes in places.
- Compared to conventional low-density polyethylene, it has a side chain of an alkyl group based on olefin.
-LDPE has excellent tear strength, impact strength, and stiffness. Although any L-LDPE can be used in the present invention, one having a density of 0.900 to 0.935 g/cm 3 and a melt index of 0.1 to 15 g/10 minutes is preferred. In addition, L
−LDPE density and melt index are JIS
Measured according to K-6760 (polyethylene test method) (density: JIS K-7112, melt index: JIS K-7210 applied mutatis mutandis). Also, L-LDPE used as the main material of the base layer
Examples of resins used in blends include polyethylenes such as low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, and high-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-α-olefin copolymers,
These include polypropylene, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. By blending these resins with L-LDPE, L-LDPE
Compared to using them alone, additives that are usually added to polyolefin resins, such as antioxidants such as phenol derivatives and ultraviolet absorbers such as benzotriazole derivatives, are prevented from bleeding, and their compatibility with resins containing surfactants is reduced. Favorable results such as improved performance may be obtained. In cases where there is a problem when using L-LDPE alone as a base material layer, L-LDPE
It is preferable to blend these resins.
The amount of resin blended into L-LDPE is
The same amount or less is preferable. If a resin such as polyethylene is blended in an amount exceeding the amount of L-LDPE, the excellent properties of L-LDPE will rapidly weaken and the properties of the base layer will become close to those of the blended resin. . The thickness of the base material layer is preferably 5 to 200 microns. In addition, in the case of forming a sheet-like film, it goes without saying that the base material layer may have a thickness of 200 μm or more.
Note that if the base material layer has a thickness of less than 5 μm, the strength is substantially insufficient and it does not function as a base material. The resin containing the surfactant is preferably a resin that is compatible with the L-LDPE layer. Particularly preferred resins include polyethylenes such as low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, and medium-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-α-olefin copolymers, and ionomer resins. “Compatible” mentioned here
This means that when an L-LDPE layer and a resin layer containing a surfactant are laminated, they have sufficient adhesion to prevent them from peeling off from each other. Not requested. The thickness of the resin layer containing surfactant is 5~
200 microns is suitable, preferably 5-100 microns. The thicker the surfactant-containing resin layer, the better the persistence of droplet properties, but if it is too thick, problems arise, such as impairing the properties of the base layer. It is better if it is approximately the same thickness or thinner than the base material layer. The surfactant used in the present invention may be an anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactant as long as it can provide droplet properties. Examples include: (a) Anionic surfactants: phosphoric acid esters such as sodium lauryl phosphate and polyoxyethylene-sodium lauryl phosphate; sulfuric acid esters such as sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium salt of sulfated oleic acid; Sulfonic acid salts such as sodium stearylsulfonate, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid triethanolamine salt, sodium salt of dioctylsulfosuccinate, etc. (b) Cationic surfactants: lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, N,N-dimethyl-N
-(Hydroxyethyl)-3-(stearoamide)
- Quaternary ammonium salts such as propylammonium nitrate, 2-octadecyl-1-
Imidazoline derivatives such as (hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazoline, amines such as N,N-diethyl-(stearoamide)-methylamine hydrochloride, polyoxyethylene stearylamine, etc. (c) Nonionic surfactant: polyethylene glycol nonyl Polyethylene glycol ethers such as phenyl ether and polyethylene glycol stearyl ether, polyethylene glycol carboxylic acid esters such as polyethylene glycol stearate and polyethylene glycol dilaurate, glycerin monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan tristearate, etc. Partial carboxylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, polyoxyethylene derivatives of partial carboxylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols such as polyoxyethylene derivatives of sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene derivatives of sorbitan monolaurate, N,N- G
(hydroxyethyl)-laurylamide, N-
(2-Bidroxypropyl)-Amide derivatives such as stearamide, polyethylene oxide-
Block copolymers of polypropylene oxide, etc. (d) Amphoteric surfactants: N-lauryl-3-iminodipropionic acid and its sodium salt, N-carboxymethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecyl ammonium hydroxide, etc. Betaine compounds, 2-octadecyl-1-(hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazoline sulfate ester, 2-dodecyl-1-carboxymethyl-
Examples include imidazoline derivatives of 1-(hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolinium hydroxide and its metal salts such as sodium and calcium. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of surfactant used is suitably 0.01 to 8 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the resin containing the surfactant. Usage is 0.01
If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, no droplet flow properties are obtained, or even if they are obtained, the droplet flow properties are insufficient, and the droplet flow properties are lost within a few days. Further, if the amount used exceeds 8 parts by weight, problems such as devitrification of the film and peeling of the two laminated layers occur. Conveniently, the surfactant is added during the compounding process. Further, any method for adding the surfactant can be used as long as it can be uniformly dispersed. The agricultural film of the present invention requires a base material layer and a resin layer containing a surfactant to be formed in a layered manner, and the method for manufacturing this agricultural film includes inflation processing, L- A method of forming films using normal processing methods such as T-die processing and bonding them together using dry lamination or heat lamination.
L-
There are already known methods such as a method of simultaneously extruding an LDPE layer and a resin layer containing a surfactant to form a film, and any of these methods can be used. When a resin layer containing a surfactant is provided on one side of the base film as in the present invention, droplet flow properties can be obtained only on the required surface, and surprisingly, the droplet flow properties can be maintained for a long period of time, which is advantageous. Furthermore, the agricultural film of the present invention has the advantage of having excellent properties such as tear strength, impact strength, and stiffness that L-LDPE films have. The following examples illustrate the usefulness of the present invention.
These examples are illustrative and do not limit the scope of the invention. Examples of production of agricultural films of the present invention are shown in Examples, and Tables 1 to 5 show the test results of droplet flow properties of the obtained films. Table 1 shows the droplet flow test results for films with different surfactant-containing resins, and Table 2 shows the droplet flow test results for films with different resins in the base layer mainly composed of L-LDPE. The test results of the third
The table shows the droplet flow test results for (1) films with different thicknesses of the base layer and resin layer containing surfactant, and (2) films with different amounts of surfactant added. Table 4 shows the droplet flow test results of films using different types of surfactants.
Furthermore, for comparison, Table 5 shows a film containing no surfactant at all (Comparative Example 1), a film in which a surfactant is simply kneaded into L-LDPE (Comparative Example 2),
The test results of droplet properties of commercially available agricultural films sold as droplet type (Reference Examples 1 to 3) are shown. Note that the droplet flow properties shown in Tables 1 to 5 were determined by the following test method. Low-temperature sustained droplet flow (5°C method) Pour 200ml of 5°C water into a 300ml beaker and cover with a sample film, with the surface of the resin containing the surfactant facing inside. Place this beaker in a water tank kept at 5°C and submerge it almost to the surface of the water.
The beaker and water tank are placed in a thermostatic chamber kept at 0° C., and the droplet flow properties of the film are observed after a predetermined period of time. Continuous hot water droplet flow (50℃ method) Pour 200ml of 50℃ hot water into a 300ml beaker and cover with a sample film with the surface of the resin containing surfactant facing inside. Immerse this beaker in a hot water tank maintained at 50°C up to almost the level of the warm water inside the beaker.
The beaker and hot water tank are placed in a constant temperature room kept at 15°C, and the droplet flow properties of the film are observed after a predetermined period of time has elapsed. Example 1 A commercially available L-LDPE film (thickness:
25μ, product name Lineace, manufactured by Sunwell Industries Co., Ltd. Melt index 2.0g/10 minutes, density 0.92
On this film, 1.0 part by weight of the nonionic surfactant sorbitan monopalmitate (trade name Span 40, manufactured by Kao Atlas Co., Ltd.) and low density polyethylene (trade name Mirason 45, Manufactured by Mitsui Polychemical Co., Ltd., melt index 1.5g/10 minutes, density 0.921g/ cm3 )
100 parts by weight of the mixture was used as a surfactant-containing resin and extrusion laminated to obtain a film with a thickness of 50 μm. Example 2 In Example 1, instead of low density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (trade name Evaflex P1403, manufactured by Mitsui Polychemical Co., Ltd., melt index 1.4 g/10 minutes, density 0.93 g/cm 3 ,
A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that vinyl acetate (14%) was used as the surfactant-containing resin. Example 3 In Example 1, ionomer resin (trade name Himilan 1706, manufactured by Mitsui Polychemical Co., Ltd., Melt Index) was used instead of low density polyethylene.
A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.7 g/10 minutes, density 0.97 g/cm 3 , zinc salt type of ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer) was used as the surfactant-containing resin. Ta. Example 4 In Example 1, ionomer resin (trade name Himilan 1707, manufactured by Mitsui Polychemical Co., Ltd., Melt Index) was used instead of low density polyethylene.
A film with a thickness of 50 μm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.9 g/10 minutes, density 0.95 g/cm 3 , sodium salt type of ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer) was used as the resin layer containing a surfactant. I got it. Example 5 In Example 1, high-density polyethylene (trade name Hi-Zex) was used instead of low-density polyethylene.
5000S, manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd., melt index: 0.8 g/10 min, density: 0.96 g/cm 3 ) was used as the surfactant-containing resin, but the same method as in Example 1 was used to prepare a 50 μm thick sheet. I got the film. Example 6 In Example 1, instead of the commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name Lineace), L-LDPE (trade name Ultzex 3021F manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemicals Co., Ltd., melt index 2.1 g/10 minutes, density 0.92) was used.
A film with a thickness of 25 μm was prepared by the inflation extrusion method using 3.0 g/cm 3 ), and a film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that this film was used as the base layer. Example 7 In Example 1, instead of the commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name Lineace), 70 parts by weight of L-LDPE (trade name Ultsex 3021F) and 30 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene (trade name Mirason 45) were blended. A film with a thickness of 25 μm was prepared using the resin by the inflation extrusion method, and the thickness was adjusted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film was used as the base layer.
A 50μ film was obtained. Example 8 In Example 1, instead of the commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name Lineace), 80 parts by weight of L-LDPE (trade name Ultzex 3021F) and 20 parts by weight of high-density polyethylene (trade name Hizex 5000S) were blended. A film with a thickness of 25 μm was prepared using the resin by inflation extrusion, and a film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that this film was used as the base layer. Example 9 In Example 1, instead of the commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name Lineace), 70 parts by weight of L-LDPE (trade name Urtozex 3021F) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (trade name Evaflex) were used.
P1403) was blended with 30 parts by weight, and using the resin, a film with a thickness of 25μ was created by the inflation extrusion method, and a film with a thickness of 50μ was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the film was used as the base layer. I got the film. Example 10 In Example 1, instead of the commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name Lineace), 80 parts by weight of L-LDPE (trade name Urtozex 3021F) and polypropylene (trade name Mitsui Noblen FL-100, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) were used. Company-made, melt index 8g/10
minutes, density 0.91g/cm 3 ) and 20 parts by weight,
Using the resin, a film with a thickness of 25μ was created by the inflation extrusion method, and the thickness was adjusted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film was used as the base layer.
A 50μ film was obtained. Example 11 In Example 1, a film with a thickness of 50 μm was created by the inflation extrusion method using L-LDPE (trade name Ultxex 3021F) instead of the commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name Lineace), and A film with a thickness of 7 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used as a material layer. Example 12 In Example 1, a film with a thickness of 50 μm was created by the inflation extrusion method using L-LDPE (trade name Ultxex 3021F) instead of the commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name Lineace), and A film with a thickness of 100 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used as a material layer. Example 13 A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of sorbitan monopalmitate used was 0.1 parts by weight. Example 14 A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of sorbitan monopalmitate used was 0.2 parts by weight. Example 15 A film having a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of sorbitan monopalmitate used was 3 parts by weight. Example 16 A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of sorbitan monopalmitate used was 5 parts by weight. Example 17 In Example 1, the nonionic surfactant polyethylene glycol nonyl phenyl ether (trade name: Neugen) was used instead of sorbitan monopalmitate.
A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that EA120 (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was used. Example 18 The thickness was determined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an anionic surfactant alkyl phosphate ester (trade name Erectol #100, manufactured by NOF Corporation) was used instead of sorbitan monopalmitate.
A 50μ film was obtained. Example 19 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an amphoteric surfactant of an imidazoline derivative (trade name Rheostat 53, manufactured by Lion Yushi Co., Ltd.) was used instead of sorbitan monopalmitate in Example 1, but the thickness was 50 μm.
I got the film. Example 20 In Example 1, instead of sorbitan monopalmitate, the cationic surfactant NNN-trimethyl-3-(laurylamide)-propionic ammonium, methyl sulfate (trade name Elegan R-
A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 115 (manufactured by NOF Corporation) was used. Comparative Example 1 A commercially available L-LDPE film (trade name: Lineace, thickness: 25 μm) that does not contain a surfactant shows no droplet flow. Comparative example 2 L-LDPE (product name Urtozex 3021F) 100
A mixture of 1 part by weight and 1.0 part by weight of sorbitan monopalmitate (trade name Span 40) was subjected to inflation processing to obtain a film with a thickness of 50 μm. The resulting film did not have sufficient droplet flow properties and disappeared within a few days. (See Tables 1 and 5) Reference example 1 Commercially available agricultural polyethylene film (trade name: Nohpoly, thickness 50μ, droplet type, manufactured by Toyo Polylon Co., Ltd.) exhibits a droplet function, but its sustainability is poor. is inferior to the agricultural film of the present invention. (See Table 5) Reference Example 2 Commercially available agricultural ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film (trade name: Nosakubi, thickness 50μ, droplet type,
(manufactured by Toyo Polylon Co., Ltd.) exhibits a droplet function, but its durability is slightly inferior to that of the agricultural film of the present invention. (See Table 5) Reference Example 3 Table 5 shows the test results of a commercially available agricultural vinyl chloride film (trade name: Mitsui Vinyl, thickness 50μ, droplet type, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). Notes on Tables 1 to 5 (1) The amount of surfactant added (phr) is parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of resin. Note (2) The symbol written in the resin name indicates the following resin. L-LDPE: Linear low-density polyethylene LDPE: Low-density polyethylene HDPE: High-density polyethylene EVA: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer PP: Polypropylene PE: Polyethylene PVC: Polyvinyl chloride Note (3) In the droplet property section 1H indicates the first hour, 1W indicates the first week, 3W indicates the third lap, and 5W indicates the fifth week. In addition, the degree of droplet flow was indicated by ◎, 〇, △, and ×. ◎; No water droplets adhere to the film.
Leak and be transparent. 〇: No water droplets adhere to the film,
It flows out, but the way it flows out is a little slow. Δ; Water droplets partially adhere to the film and flow out in long streaks. ×: Water droplets adhere to the entire surface of the film and do not flow out.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
比較例2に見られるようにL−LDPEに単に界
面活性剤を添加したのみでは得られるフイルムの
当初の流滴性が本発明の農業用フイルムに比べ劣
つているばかりか、流滴性の持続時間も短かく問
題がある。しかしL−LDPEを主体とするフイル
ムの片面に界面活性剤を含む樹脂からなる層を設
けた本発明の農業用フイルムでは市販の流滴性の
良好な農業用ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂フイルムに比べ
ても流滴性に差がなく、且つ流滴性の持続時間も
ほとんど差がなかつた。
更にこれらの実施例で得たフイルムを一年間の
屋外展張試験に供した結果、流滴性は試験期間の
間良好であり、市販の流滴性の良好な農業用ポリ
塩化ビニルフイルム(商品名 三井ビニール、三
井東圧化学株式会社製、厚み50μ、流滴タイプ)
に比べ何ら遜色がなく、市販の流滴タイプの農業
用ポリエチレンフイルム、農業用エチレン−酢酸
ビニルフイルムよりも良好なものであることがわ
かつた。
以上のように本発明の農業用フイルムは流滴性
が良好で、従来のL−LDPEフイルムに界面活性
剤を練込んだ場合には考えられないような長期に
わたり流滴性を持続しているものである。[Table] As seen in Comparative Example 2, when a surfactant is simply added to L-LDPE, the initial droplet flow properties of the film obtained are not only inferior to the agricultural film of the present invention, but also The duration of sex is also short and problematic. However, the agricultural film of the present invention, in which a layer made of a resin containing a surfactant is provided on one side of a film mainly made of L-LDPE, is inferior to commercially available agricultural polyvinyl chloride resin films with good droplet properties. There was no difference in droplet flow, and there was almost no difference in the duration of droplet flow. Furthermore, as a result of subjecting the films obtained in these Examples to a one-year outdoor extension test, the droplet flow properties were good during the test period, and it was found that the commercially available agricultural polyvinyl chloride films (trade name) with good droplet flow properties were Mitsui Vinyl, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd., thickness 50μ, droplet type)
It was found that there is no inferiority in comparison to the commercially available droplet type agricultural polyethylene film and agricultural ethylene-vinyl acetate film. As described above, the agricultural film of the present invention has good droplet flow properties and maintains droplet flow properties for a long period of time, which is unimaginable when surfactants are mixed into conventional L-LDPE films. It is something.
Claims (1)
(Linear Low Density Polyethylene)を主体と
する基材層と、該基材層と相溶性があり且つ樹脂
100重量部当り0.01〜8重量部の界面活性剤を含
む樹脂からなる層が重層に形成されていることを
特徴とする流滴性の良好な農業用フイルム。 2 界面活性剤を含む樹脂が低密度ポリエチレ
ン、中密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン等
のポリエチレン類、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合
体、エチレン−α−オレフイン共重合体、アイオ
ノマー樹脂等であり、これらの1種あるいは2種
以上の混合物である特許請求の範囲第1項記載の
農業用フイルム。[Scope of Claims] 1. A base material layer mainly composed of linear low density polyethylene, and a resin that is compatible with the base material layer.
1. An agricultural film having good droplet flow properties, characterized in that it is formed of multiple layers of resin containing 0.01 to 8 parts by weight of a surfactant per 100 parts by weight. 2 Resins containing surfactants include polyethylenes such as low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and high density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-α-olefin copolymers, ionomer resins, etc. The agricultural film according to claim 1, which is a species or a mixture of two or more species.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57042983A JPS58160146A (en) | 1982-03-19 | 1982-03-19 | Agricultural film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57042983A JPS58160146A (en) | 1982-03-19 | 1982-03-19 | Agricultural film |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS58160146A JPS58160146A (en) | 1983-09-22 |
JPS6365026B2 true JPS6365026B2 (en) | 1988-12-14 |
Family
ID=12651268
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP57042983A Granted JPS58160146A (en) | 1982-03-19 | 1982-03-19 | Agricultural film |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS58160146A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61159435A (en) * | 1984-12-29 | 1986-07-19 | Nippon Carbide Ind Co Ltd | Ultraviolet-screening mulching film |
JPS61159436A (en) * | 1984-12-29 | 1986-07-19 | Nippon Carbide Ind Co Ltd | Ultraviolet-screening mulching film |
JPS61254667A (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-11-12 | Teijin Ltd | Packaged material for polyester yarn |
JP2619673B2 (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1997-06-11 | 日本ユニカー株式会社 | Agricultural laminated film |
CN1068354C (en) * | 1994-03-04 | 2001-07-11 | 住友化学工业株式会社 | Resin composition with additive and formed products of same |
JP2002088202A (en) * | 2000-09-19 | 2002-03-27 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Resin composition and film using the same |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52102130A (en) * | 1976-02-21 | 1977-08-26 | Mitsui Polychemicals Ltd | Synthetic resin film for farming |
JPS5499181A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1979-08-04 | Mitsui Polychemicals Ltd | Agricultural synthetic resin film |
JPS54154466A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-12-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of making film from low density ethylene hydrocarbon copolymer |
JPS5586750A (en) * | 1978-12-25 | 1980-06-30 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind | Laminated film for agriculture |
JPS5728114A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1982-02-15 | Sanueru Kogyo Kk | Covering film for agriculture |
JPS5882754A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-05-18 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Agricultural laminated film |
-
1982
- 1982-03-19 JP JP57042983A patent/JPS58160146A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52102130A (en) * | 1976-02-21 | 1977-08-26 | Mitsui Polychemicals Ltd | Synthetic resin film for farming |
JPS54154466A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-12-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of making film from low density ethylene hydrocarbon copolymer |
JPS5499181A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1979-08-04 | Mitsui Polychemicals Ltd | Agricultural synthetic resin film |
JPS5586750A (en) * | 1978-12-25 | 1980-06-30 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind | Laminated film for agriculture |
JPS5728114A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1982-02-15 | Sanueru Kogyo Kk | Covering film for agriculture |
JPS5882754A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-05-18 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Agricultural laminated film |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPS58160146A (en) | 1983-09-22 |
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