JPS6363084A - Surface light source - Google Patents
Surface light sourceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6363084A JPS6363084A JP20576686A JP20576686A JPS6363084A JP S6363084 A JPS6363084 A JP S6363084A JP 20576686 A JP20576686 A JP 20576686A JP 20576686 A JP20576686 A JP 20576686A JP S6363084 A JPS6363084 A JP S6363084A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- light emitting
- panel
- source according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は面光源に関し、更に詳しくは、各種ディスプレ
イの光源、特に液晶表示セルの裏面に背面光源として設
置するのに適し、出光効率の著しく改良された面光源に
関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a surface light source, and more specifically, it is suitable for being installed as a light source for various displays, especially as a back light source on the back side of a liquid crystal display cell, and has a remarkable light output efficiency. Relating to an improved surface light source.
（従来の技術）
近年、情報化社会の急激な進展とともに、各種情報を人
間に受渡しする端末機器が非常に多く利用されている。(Prior Art) In recent years, with the rapid development of the information society, terminal devices that transfer various types of information to humans have come into widespread use.
これらの端末ディスプレイの大部分はいわゆるＣＲＴで
あるが、これらのＣＲＴは、カラー表示機能、画像調整
機能等に優れ、信号ケーブルが少なくて済む等の多くの
利点を有するものの、高圧電源や肉厚ガラスからなる表
示管を必要とするため、大きくて重く、且つスペースを
とるという欠点があることから、壁掛は型、可搬型、携
帯型等の用途を中心に平板状のフラットディスプレイが
梯々提案されており、これらのうちで特に有望なものは
、ＩＣ駆動可能で、カラー化が容易な液晶ディスプレイ
である。Most of these terminal displays are so-called CRTs, and although these CRTs have many advantages such as excellent color display functions, image adjustment functions, and fewer signal cables, they do not require high-voltage power supplies or thick walls. Because it requires a display tube made of glass, it is large, heavy, and takes up space, so flat displays are being proposed, mainly for wall-mounted, portable, and portable applications. Of these, the most promising is a liquid crystal display that can be driven by an IC and can be easily colored.
（発明が解決しようとしている問題点）従来の液晶ディ
スプレイは、裏面に光反射層を設け、前面からの外光を
利用して情報を表示する方式であり、格別の光源を必要
としないため、卓上計算機、電池駆動の計算機、時計等
のディスプレイとして広く使用されている。しかしなが
ら、このような液晶ディスプレイを端末機やテレビとし
て従来のＣＲＴに代えて使用する場合には、明るさが不
足しているために、視野角、コントラスト、表示品質が
劣り、特に１０〜１２インチ程度以上のサイズにし、８
０字２０〜２５行程度の大容量表示用としては表示品質
上の問題が生じる。(Problems to be solved by the invention) Conventional liquid crystal displays have a light-reflecting layer on the back and display information using external light from the front, and do not require a special light source. Widely used as displays for desktop calculators, battery-powered calculators, watches, etc. However, when such liquid crystal displays are used in terminals or televisions instead of conventional CRTs, the viewing angle, contrast, and display quality are poor due to insufficient brightness, especially for 10- to 12-inch LCDs. Make the size larger than 8
When used for large-capacity display of about 20 to 25 lines of 0 characters, problems arise in terms of display quality.
また特別の光源を打さないので、外部の光環境条件の変
化によって表示品質が左右され、外光が存在しない場合
には、表示機能を全く失うという欠点がある。Furthermore, since no special light source is used, the display quality is affected by changes in external light environment conditions, and there is a drawback that the display function is completely lost in the absence of external light.
このような問題点を解決するために、最近では、液晶デ
ィスプレイの裏面に設置する背面光源の研究が多く為さ
れている。これらの背面光源としては有機分散型ＥＬ、
薄膜ＥＬ、発光ダイオードアレイを利用したもの、蛍光
灯やランプ等の光源と導光板とを組み合わせたもの、フ
ルネル型導光板、照明ボックス等種々のものが提案され
ているが、大型ディスプレイ用としては、均一性、光効
率、演色性等の点で満足できるものは知られていない。In order to solve these problems, there has recently been much research into backlight sources installed on the backside of liquid crystal displays. These backlight sources include organic dispersion type EL,
Various products have been proposed, such as thin-film EL, those using light emitting diode arrays, those that combine a light source such as a fluorescent lamp or lamp with a light guide plate, a Fournel type light guide plate, and a lighting box, but for large displays. However, there is no known material that is satisfactory in terms of uniformity, light efficiency, color rendering properties, etc.
これらの内で有望なものとしては、アクリル板等の透光
性パネルの側面に蛍光灯等の光源を設け、パネルの一方
の面から出光する方式が知られているが、この方式では
まず第一にパネルを蛍光灯の直径より薄くすると導光効
率が著しく低下するという間通があり、また第二に導入
光の大部分は出光面に平行な直進光であるために、出光
面からの出光効率が低いという問題があり、また、出光
面から出光する光は出光面に対して垂直な光が多いため
、ディスプレイの視野各がせまいという問題があり、更
に第三にはこのパネルを大型にすればする程光源付近と
パネルの中央部分との照度に差が生じるという問題があ
る。Among these, a promising method is a method in which a light source such as a fluorescent lamp is installed on the side of a translucent panel such as an acrylic board, and light is emitted from one side of the panel. Firstly, if the panel is made thinner than the diameter of the fluorescent lamp, the light guide efficiency will drop significantly, and secondly, since most of the introduced light is straight light parallel to the light emitting surface, There is a problem of low light output efficiency, and since most of the light emitted from the light output surface is perpendicular to the light output surface, there is a problem that the field of view of the display is narrow. There is a problem in that the more the lighting is made, the more there will be a difference in illuminance between the vicinity of the light source and the center of the panel.
また光源として蛍光灯を使用する場合には、蛍光灯の光
量は常に均一であるために、出光面の光量を任意に制御
することができず、液晶ディスプレイの使用者の個人差
や使用環境に対応することができない。また、光量すな
わち明暗のみではなく、ホワイトバランスや演色性、使
用者の眼錆疲労を考慮すると、出光面からの波長を調節
して、適当な色相光とすることも望ましいが、光源が蛍
光灯である場合には白色光のみが出光されるので、電気
的に調節することは不可能であるという欠点か生じる。Furthermore, when using a fluorescent lamp as a light source, the amount of light from the fluorescent lamp is always uniform, so it is not possible to arbitrarily control the amount of light on the light emitting surface, and this is subject to individual differences among LCD display users and the usage environment. unable to respond. In addition, considering not only the amount of light, that is, brightness, but also white balance, color rendering, and user eye fatigue, it is also desirable to adjust the wavelength from the light emitting surface to obtain light of an appropriate hue. In this case, only white light is emitted, which has the disadvantage that electrical adjustment is not possible.
従って、本発明の主たる目的は、ＣＲＴに代替できるＰ
１度に大型であり、且つ出光パネルを蛍光灯等の光源の
サイズに関係なく薄くでき、更に出光効率や視野角に優
れた面光源を提供することである。Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to
To provide a surface light source that is large in size, can have a thin light output panel regardless of the size of a light source such as a fluorescent lamp, and has excellent light output efficiency and viewing angle.
また、本発明の別の目的は、ＣＲＴに代替できる程度に
大型であり、且つ使用する光環境や使用者の個人差に応
じて容易に光量および／または波長を調節することがで
きる面光源を提供することである。Another object of the present invention is to provide a surface light source that is large enough to replace a CRT and whose light intensity and/or wavelength can be easily adjusted according to the light environment in which it is used and the individual differences of users. It is to provide.
このような本発明の目的は、以下の本発明によって達成
された。These objects of the present invention have been achieved by the following invention.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
すなわち、本発明は、光源および出光パネルからなり、
該出光パネルが、光源収納部、導光面、光分配部、光案
内部、光反射層および出光面からなる面光源において、
光源は光源収納部中に包設され、出光面に対向する光反
射層に多数の凹凸形状が設けられ、これらの凹凸形状に
よって光が拡散反射されることを特徴とする面光源であ
る。(Means for solving the problems) That is, the present invention consists of a light source and a light emitting panel,
A surface light source in which the light output panel includes a light source storage section, a light guide surface, a light distribution section, a light guide section, a light reflection layer, and a light output surface,
The light source is a surface light source that is enclosed in a light source housing, and has a large number of concave and convex shapes on a light reflecting layer facing a light emitting surface, and that light is diffusely reflected by these concave and convex shapes.
（好ましい実施態様）
次に本発明の面光源の好ましい実施態様を図解的に示す
添付図面を参照して本発明を更に詳細に説明する。(Preferred Embodiments) Next, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings that schematically show preferred embodiments of the surface light source of the present invention.
第１図は、本発明の面光源の１例の断面図を示し、第２
図はその平面図を示し、第３図は従来技術の面光源の断
面図を示すものである。FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of one example of the surface light source of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure shows a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional surface light source.
従来のアクリル板等を使用した面光源は、第３図示の如
く、出光面３と導光面６を除いた部分に光反射層８を設
けた出光パネルＢの導光面６に、蛍光灯等の光源Ａを付
設したものであり、蛍光灯Ａの直径よりも出光パネルＢ
の厚みを薄くすると光源光１の導入効率が低下するとい
う欠点があった。また、光源Ａを出光パネルＢとは異な
る平面上に設け、光源光を反射させて出光パネルＢに平
行に導入するものも知られているが、上記と同様に、出
光パネルＢを光源Ａの直径より薄くすると、光ｇＡから
発生する光の導入効率が低いものである。In a conventional surface light source using an acrylic plate or the like, as shown in FIG. etc., and the diameter of the light output panel B is smaller than the diameter of the fluorescent lamp A.
When the thickness of the light source is made thinner, there is a drawback that the introduction efficiency of the light source light 1 decreases. It is also known that the light source A is provided on a different plane from the light emitting panel B, and the light source light is reflected and introduced parallel to the light emitting panel B. If it is made thinner than the diameter, the efficiency of introducing light generated from light gA will be low.
また、出光パネルＢを厚くすれば導光効率は向上するが
、現在の薄型化および軽量化指向に合致しないものであ
る。また光源Ａから導入される光は出光パネルＢ中を出
光面に平行に直進する光が多くの割合を占めるため、出
光面３からの出光効率が低いという問題があり、また、
出光面から出る光は出光面に対して垂直な光が多いため
、ディスプレイの視野角がせまいという問題があり、更
に光源Ａ付近の出光面３の照度が高く、光源Ａから離れ
る程照度が低下し、出光面３全体において照度が不均一
であった。Furthermore, although the light guiding efficiency can be improved by increasing the thickness of the light emitting panel B, this does not meet the current trend toward thinning and weight reduction. Furthermore, since a large proportion of the light introduced from the light source A is light that travels straight through the light output panel B parallel to the light output surface, there is a problem that the light output efficiency from the light output surface 3 is low.
Since most of the light emitted from the light emitting surface is perpendicular to the light emitting surface, there is a problem that the viewing angle of the display is narrow.Furthermore, the illuminance of the light emitting surface 3 near light source A is high, and the illuminance decreases as you move away from light source A. However, the illuminance was non-uniform throughout the light exit surface 3.
また、光源として蛍光灯を使用する場合には、蛍光灯の
光量は常に均一であるために、出光面の光量を任意に制
御することができず、液晶ディスプレイの使用者の個人
差や使用環境に対応することができない。また、光量す
なわち明暗のみではなく、ホワイトバランスや演色性、
使用者の眼精疲労を考慮すると、出光面からの波長を調
節して、適当な色相光とすることも望ましいが、光源が
蛍光灯である場合には白色光のみが出光されるので、電
気的に調節することは不可能であるという問題がある。In addition, when using a fluorescent lamp as a light source, the amount of light from the fluorescent lamp is always uniform, so it is not possible to arbitrarily control the amount of light on the light emitting surface. cannot respond to In addition to the amount of light, i.e., brightness and darkness, we also consider white balance, color rendering,
Considering the user's eye strain, it is desirable to adjust the wavelength from the light emitting surface to obtain light of an appropriate hue, but if the light source is a fluorescent lamp, only white light is emitted, so electricity The problem is that it is impossible to adjust the
本発明の面光源は、上記の如き従来技術の問題点を解決
したものであり、第１図および第２図に図解的に示す如
く、光源Ａおよび出光パネルＢかうなり、該出光パネル
Ｂが光源Ａを収納する光源収納部２、導光面６、導入光
１を分配して光案内部４に導光する光分配部１０、導入
光１を出光面３に案内する光案内部４、光反射層８（太
線部）および出光面３からなるものであり、光＃ｔＡは
光源収納部２中に包設され、光案内部４は、好ましくは
光源Ａから離れる従って薄くなり、光反射層８は、出光
面３に対向する領域に多数の凹凸形状１２を有して、こ
れらの凹凸形状が光源光１を拡散反射してその反射光を
出光面３に対し方向づけられた角度とすることを特徴と
し、且つ好ましくは上記の凹凸形状１２の凸部１３を結
ぶ線が出光面３に対して凸形状となつているものである
。The surface light source of the present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, and as schematically shown in FIGS. A light source housing part 2 that stores the light source A, a light guide surface 6, a light distribution part 10 that distributes the introduced light 1 and guides it to the light guide part 4, a light guide part 4 that guides the introduced light 1 to the light output surface 3, It consists of a light reflection layer 8 (bold line part) and a light output surface 3, and the light #tA is enclosed in the light source storage part 2, and the light guide part 4 preferably becomes thinner as it moves away from the light source A, and the light reflection The layer 8 has a large number of concavo-convex shapes 12 in a region facing the light-emitting surface 3, and these concavo-convex shapes diffusely reflect the light source light 1 and direct the reflected light at an angle with respect to the light-emitting surface 3. Preferably, the line connecting the convex portions 13 of the concavo-convex shape 12 has a convex shape with respect to the light emitting surface 3.
上記における凹凸形状１２は、光源光１を十分に散乱で
きる限り、いずれの形状でもよく、例えば、第１〜２図
示の如く、光源Ａに平行に並んだ多数の柱状突起状でも
よいし、またこれらの柱状突起がランダムに配列したも
のでもよいし、柱状突起に代えて光源Ａに平行あるいは
任意の角度を有する溝（出光パネルＢの裏側からみて）
でもよいし、またそれらの凹凸形状１２の凸部１３の形
状も半球状、角錐状、角柱状等いずれでもよい。The uneven shape 12 mentioned above may have any shape as long as it can sufficiently scatter the light source light 1. For example, it may be in the shape of a large number of columnar protrusions arranged in parallel to the light source A as shown in the first and second figures, or These columnar projections may be arranged randomly, or instead of the columnar projections, grooves parallel to the light source A or at an arbitrary angle (viewed from the back side of the light emitting panel B) may be used.
Alternatively, the shape of the convex portion 13 of the uneven shape 12 may be hemispherical, pyramidal, prismatic, or the like.
しかしながらこれらの凹凸形状のピッチ幅があまりに広
すぎても狭すぎても光源光１の光散乱が不十分となるの
で、これらのピッチ幅は０．Ｏｆｍｍ〜１０ｍ＋＋＋程
度であるのが好ましい。またこれらの凹凸形状１２の凹
部と凸部の高低差が小さすぎると同様に光散乱性が不十
分となり、またあまりに大きすぎても無意味であるので
、これらの深さは０．０１〜ｊ Ｏｍｍ程度が好ましい
。However, if the pitch width of these uneven shapes is too wide or too narrow, the light scattering of the light source light 1 will be insufficient, so these pitch widths should be set to 0. It is preferable that it is about Ofmm to 10m+++. Also, if the difference in height between the concave and convex portions of these uneven shapes 12 is too small, the light scattering properties will be insufficient, and if it is too large, it is meaningless, so the depth of these is 0.01 to j Approximately 0 mm is preferable.
また、以上の如き凹凸形状１２は、その凸部１３パネル
Ｂの中央程出光面３に近く、またパネルＢの周囲、特に
光源Ａに近い程出光面３から離れて、それらの頂点を結
ぶ線が出光面３に対して山形状や凸曲面形状を有するこ
とが好ましく、このようにすることによって出光面３の
照度をより均一にすることが可能となる。このような頂
点を結ぶ凸形状は第１図示の如くパネルＢの周囲から順
次深くなる溝あるいは孔によって形成してもよいし、ま
た溝あるいは孔の深さに関係なく、第３図に部分的に示
す如く、パネルＢの裏側を凹状（出光面に対しては凸状
）とし、その面に深さが同じかあるいは近い溝あるいは
孔を設けてもよい。In addition, the concave-convex shape 12 as described above is such that the convex portion 13 is closer to the light output surface 3 toward the center of panel B, and further away from the light output surface 3 as it is closer to the periphery of panel B, especially the light source A. It is preferable that the light emitting surface 3 has a mountain shape or a convex curved shape with respect to the light emitting surface 3. By doing so, it is possible to make the illuminance of the light emitting surface 3 more uniform. Such a convex shape connecting the vertices may be formed by a groove or hole that gradually deepens from the periphery of panel B as shown in Figure 1, or it may be partially formed as shown in Figure 3 regardless of the depth of the groove or hole. As shown in FIG. 2, the back side of panel B may be made concave (convex with respect to the light exit surface), and grooves or holes with the same or similar depth may be provided on that surface.
以上の如き構成とすることによって、光源Ａからの光は
、凹凸形状１２の頂部１３付近で散乱される結果、散乱
光または反射光５は出光面３に対して角度を有する光と
なり、ディスプレイ７の視野角を著しく拡大することが
できる。また凹凸形状１２の頂部１３を結ぶ線を出光面
３に対して凸形状とすることによって、従来は照度が低
下する出光パネルＢの中央部分の照度が向上し、これら
の凸形状の角度を調整することによって出光面３の照度
を全体的に均一化することができる。With the above configuration, the light from the light source A is scattered near the top 13 of the uneven shape 12, and as a result, the scattered light or reflected light 5 becomes light having an angle with respect to the light emitting surface 3, and the display 7 The viewing angle can be significantly expanded. Furthermore, by making the line connecting the tops 13 of the concavo-convex shapes 12 convex with respect to the light emitting surface 3, the illuminance of the central portion of the light emitting panel B, where the illuminance conventionally decreases, is improved, and the angle of these convex shapes can be adjusted. By doing so, the illuminance of the light exit surface 3 can be made uniform throughout.
更に本発明の別の好ましい実施態様では、光源Ａの周囲
に調光フィルター１１を設ける。この調光フィルター１
１は光源Ａからの光の強度および色相を自由に変えるこ
とができるものであり、光量フィルターおよび／または
波長フィルターとしての機能を有する。Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a light control filter 11 is provided around the light source A. This dimmer filter 1
1 can freely change the intensity and hue of the light from the light source A, and has the function of a light amount filter and/or a wavelength filter.
まず最初に調光フィルター１１が光量フィルターである
場合には、このような光量フィルターは、蛍光灯Ａから
照射される光の量を調節できる構成である限りいずれの
構成でもよいものであり、いくつかの好ましい例を挙げ
れば次の通りである。First of all, when the light control filter 11 is a light intensity filter, such a light intensity filter may have any configuration as long as it can adjust the amount of light emitted from the fluorescent lamp A. Preferred examples are as follows.
（１）蛍光灯Ａの周囲に蛍光灯の光を制御できる層を形
成し、蛍光灯を回転可能にした態様。(1) A mode in which a layer that can control the light of the fluorescent lamp is formed around the fluorescent lamp A, and the fluorescent lamp can be rotated.
この態様では、上記層が光量フィルターとなり、例えば
、黒色その他の色の如く、遮光または光を吸収し得る層
を形成する態様、白色、金属色等の如く光を反射できる
層を形成する方法等いずれでもよい。このような光量制
御層は適当なインキや塗料を調製し、これを蛍光灯Ａの
周囲に印刷したり、へヶ、ロール、スプレー、静電塗装
、焼付け、インキジェット法等の方法で塗布したり、蒸
着、ＣＶＤ、スパッタ等の方法、また、予め染着層を形
成しておき、後に染色する方法で、直接光源に形成する
か、予め他の透明基材に形成しておき、貼り合わせする
等のいずれの方法で形成してもよい。勿論、このような
光量フィルターは、蛍光灯Ａの管壁に均一に形成するの
ではなく、線状、縞状あるいは点状に適当に密度差や濃
度差をつけて形成するか、あるいは、透過濃度の異なる
遮光材層を段階的または連続的に形成する。このような
構成の光量フィルター１１を形成し、適当な手段く図示
なし）により蛍光灯Ａを回転させることによって、出光
面に至る光量を容易に制御することができる。In this embodiment, the above-mentioned layer becomes a light amount filter, and for example, a method of forming a layer capable of blocking or absorbing light such as black or other color, a method of forming a layer capable of reflecting light such as white or metallic color, etc. Either is fine. Such a light amount control layer is prepared by preparing an appropriate ink or paint and printing it around the fluorescent lamp A, or applying it by a method such as rolling, spraying, electrostatic painting, baking, or an inkjet method. It can be formed directly on the light source by methods such as evaporation, CVD, sputtering, etc., or by forming a dyed layer in advance and dyeing it afterwards, or by forming it on another transparent substrate in advance and then bonding it. It may be formed by any method such as. Of course, such a light intensity filter is not formed uniformly on the tube wall of fluorescent lamp A, but is formed in a line, stripe, or dot shape with an appropriate density difference or density difference, or Light shielding material layers with different concentrations are formed stepwise or continuously. By forming the light amount filter 11 having such a configuration and rotating the fluorescent lamp A using appropriate means (not shown), the amount of light reaching the light output surface can be easily controlled.
（２）蛍光灯Ａは固定し、その周囲に回転可能な光量フ
ィルター１１を設ける態様。(2) A mode in which the fluorescent lamp A is fixed and a rotatable light amount filter 11 is provided around it.
この例の原理も上記（１）の場合と全く同一であり、例
えば、透明なガラスやプラスチックからなる管状フィル
ター１１を形成し、その表面に上記（１）における如き
、密度差や濃度差を有する光吸収層あるいは光反射層を
形成する方法でよい。更にＦ配管状体を設けた後にその
表面に上記の如き光量調節機能を有するフィルム等を巻
き付けたものでもよい。また、フレキシブルな筒状シー
トにして、２軸で回転して送る方法も可能である。この
ような構成の光量フィルター１１を設け、このフィルタ
ー１１をギヤやベルト等の適当な手段（図示なし）で回
転させることによって、出光面に至る光量を任意に制御
することができる。以上は、説明容易性のために、管状
のフィルターを例示して説明したが、フィルターはこれ
らの例に限定されず、いずれの形状および可動機構でも
よい。The principle of this example is exactly the same as the case (1) above, and for example, a tubular filter 11 made of transparent glass or plastic is formed, and the surface thereof has a density difference or concentration difference as in (1) above. A method of forming a light absorption layer or a light reflection layer may be used. Furthermore, after providing the F pipe-like body, a film or the like having a light amount adjustment function as described above may be wrapped around the surface thereof. It is also possible to make a flexible cylindrical sheet and feed it by rotating it on two axes. By providing the light amount filter 11 having such a configuration and rotating this filter 11 with appropriate means (not shown) such as a gear or a belt, the amount of light reaching the light output surface can be arbitrarily controlled. Although the above description has been made using a tubular filter as an example for ease of explanation, the filter is not limited to these examples, and may have any shape and movable mechanism.
また、調光フィルター１１が波長フィルターである場合
には、上記（１）および（２）の態様における光吸収層
を特定の波長の光を吸収する色に着色することによって
本発明の目的が達成できる。すなわち、調光フィルター
１１をイエロー、オレンジ、レッド、ブルー、グリーン
、バイオレットあるいはそれらの中間色で任意の順序に
着色すればよく、このような構成の調光フィルター１１
を使用者の好みに応じて回転あるいはスライレビ用途に
おいては、必須である色相調整が最もｉｕｔにできる方
法として有効である。Further, when the light control filter 11 is a wavelength filter, the object of the present invention can be achieved by coloring the light absorption layer in the above embodiments (1) and (2) in a color that absorbs light of a specific wavelength. can. That is, the light control filter 11 may be colored with yellow, orange, red, blue, green, violet, or an intermediate color thereof in any order, and the light control filter 11 having such a configuration may be used.
In the use of rotation or slide review according to the user's preference, hue adjustment, which is essential, is the most effective method.
更に本発明で使用する調光フィルター１１は、上記の光
量フィルターと波長フィルターとを同時に兼ねることが
できる。例えば、同一のフィルター上に光量調節と色調
調節の両機能を持たせる方法と、前記第２の構成例では
、複数のフィルターに分けて相互に重ね合わせ、独立に
制御する方法とがあり、後者の方が、光量、色調、色調
の濃淡等多くの調整が可能であり、より精密な調整に通
している。Furthermore, the light control filter 11 used in the present invention can serve as the above-mentioned light amount filter and wavelength filter at the same time. For example, there are two methods: one is to provide both the light amount adjustment and color tone adjustment functions on the same filter, and the other is to separate the filters into multiple filters, overlap them, and control them independently. It is possible to make more adjustments to the amount of light, color tone, shade of color, etc., and allows for more precise adjustments.
以上の如き本発明の作用効果を奏する出光パネルＢは、
いずれかの透光性に優れた材料、例えばガラス材料等か
ら形成できるが、成形容易性や透光性等の点からは、ア
クリル樹脂、アクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合樹脂、
セルロースアセトブチレート樹脂、セルロースプロピオ
ネート樹脂、ポリメチルペンテン樹脂、ポリカーボネー
ト樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂等の透光
性プラスチック材料あるいはこれらの複合材料若しくは
共重合材料から形成するのが好ましい。The light emitting panel B that exhibits the effects of the present invention as described above is:
It can be formed from any material with excellent translucency, such as glass material, but from the viewpoint of ease of molding and translucency, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin,
It is preferably formed from a translucent plastic material such as cellulose acetobutyrate resin, cellulose propionate resin, polymethylpentene resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, polyester resin, or a composite material or copolymer material thereof.
また、反応固化型のエポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、
メタクリル系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂等も使用可能である
。成形方法としては、射出成形、コンプレッション成形
、注型成形、切削、研磨等公知の方法がいずれも適用で
きる。In addition, reaction-curing epoxy resins, acrylic resins,
Methacrylic resin, urethane resin, etc. can also be used. As the molding method, any known method such as injection molding, compression molding, cast molding, cutting, polishing, etc. can be applied.
このようにして得られる出光パネルＢの光反射層８は、
第１図に示す如く、出光面３および光源収納部２の導光
面６を除く他の部分に、ニッケル、アルミニウム、銀、
金等の光反射性金属を蒸着、スパッタ、メッキ、銀鏡反
応等により形成するか１反射性の金属入り塗料を塗布し
たり、あるいはアルミニウムシート等の光反射性材料を
貼り合せすることにより形成し、光源光ｌがパネルＢ外
に漏洩するのを防止することが、一部の漏洩光を再度内
部に反射する効果を含めて有効である。The light reflecting layer 8 of the light emitting panel B obtained in this way is
As shown in FIG. 1, nickel, aluminum, silver,
It can be formed by vapor deposition, sputtering, plating, silver mirror reaction, etc. of a light-reflective metal such as gold, or by applying a reflective metal-containing paint, or by laminating a light-reflective material such as an aluminum sheet. It is effective to prevent the light source light l from leaking to the outside of the panel B, including the effect of reflecting some of the leaked light back inside.
また、不要な部分は設計されない外光入射を防止するた
めの遮光剤や光吸収剤で層を形成することも手段として
有効である。これらの反射面は、光学設計を乱さない範
囲で、散乱性に処理するか、ガラスピーズ等の再帰反射
材料を利用することも可能であり、また、凹凸面を利用
して拡散反射させることも可能である。Furthermore, it is also effective to form a layer with a light shielding agent or a light absorbing agent in unnecessary portions to prevent undesigned external light from entering. These reflective surfaces can be treated with scattering properties or use retroreflective materials such as glass beads, as long as they do not disturb the optical design, or they can also be diffusely reflected using uneven surfaces. It is possible.
また、その出光面３には、光拡散層９を形成するのが好
ましく、例えば、出光面を出光パネルの成形時または成
形後に、サンドペーパー研磨、サンドブラスト、ホーン
ニング、パフ研磨、ヘアライン加工、エンボス加工、プ
レス加工等で粗面化したり、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化チ
タン、酸化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム、酸化マグネシウム等の
白色顔料や特定径を有するガラスピーズ等の先拡散性材
料を含む透明樹脂層を、浸漬、ロールコート、ブレード
コート、スプレコート等の塗布法により形成したり、あ
るいはこれらの層を接着することにより、出光面３に至
った光を乱反射あるいは拡散させ、出光面３からの照度
を均一化するとともに視角を広げることができる。また
このような光拡散層は、スリガラス板、先拡散性ガラス
板、先拡散性プラスチックシート等を別に用意し、成形
時に同時に一体化するか、または使用時に液晶セルフと
出光面３との間に載置あるいは貼り合わせてもよい。ま
た、光源の光源収納部と反対側には光反射性の集光鏡や
放熱板を配置することも効率向上や熱設計上存利である
。 。Further, it is preferable to form a light diffusion layer 9 on the light emitting surface 3. For example, the light emitting surface may be sandpaper polished, sandblasted, honed, puffed, hairline processed, embossed, etc. during or after molding of the light emitting panel. A transparent resin layer that has been roughened by processing, press processing, etc., or contains a pre-diffusible material such as white pigments such as silica, alumina, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, and magnesium oxide, or glass beads with a specific diameter, By forming by coating methods such as dipping, roll coating, blade coating, and spray coating, or by adhering these layers, the light reaching the light emitting surface 3 is diffusely reflected or diffused, and the illuminance from the light emitting surface 3 is made uniform. The viewing angle can be expanded as well. In addition, such a light diffusion layer can be prepared by separately preparing a ground glass plate, a pre-diffusing glass plate, a pre-diffusing plastic sheet, etc., and integrating it at the same time during molding, or by placing it between the liquid crystal self and the light emitting surface 3 during use. They may be placed or pasted together. Furthermore, it is also advantageous in terms of efficiency improvement and thermal design to arrange a light-reflecting condensing mirror or a heat sink on the opposite side of the light source housing. .
以上の如き出光パネルＢは、第１図示の如く出光面３、
光源収納部２および光分配部１０が凹部を形成しており
、この凹部に液晶ディスプレイ７を載置することによっ
て、液晶ディスプレイ７の背面を照明し、液晶ディスプ
レイ７を環境によらず明瞭に見えるようにすることがで
きる。また、本発明の出光パネルをこのような形状とす
ることによって、背面光源を含むディスプレイ全体の厚
みを薄くすることができ、全体の軽量化が達成できる。The light emitting panel B as described above has a light emitting surface 3,
The light source storage section 2 and the light distribution section 10 form a recess, and by placing the liquid crystal display 7 in this recess, the back side of the liquid crystal display 7 is illuminated, and the liquid crystal display 7 can be clearly seen regardless of the environment. You can do it like this. Further, by forming the light emitting panel of the present invention into such a shape, the thickness of the entire display including the back light source can be reduced, and the overall weight can be reduced.
以上本発明の好ましい実施態様を例示して本発明を説明
したが、光源Ａからの光の大部分を凹凸形状１２の凸部
１３で拡散および反射して、該反射光５が出光面３に対
して角度を存する光として出光できる構成である限り、
本発明の面光源は図示の形状に限定されず、いずれの形
状でもよいものである。例えば、出光パネルＢの光源収
納部２（光源Ａ）は図示の２箇所に限定されず、１箇所
でも、３箇所でも４箇所でもよく、また出光パネルＢの
形状は、矩形に限定されず、円盤状、楕円板状、多角形
状、コーナ部が丸みを有する矩形状等任意の形状でよく
、従って、光源の形状も棒状蛍光灯Ａに限定されず、出
光パネルＢの形状に応じて、環状等任意の形状でよい。The present invention has been described above by exemplifying the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Most of the light from the light source A is diffused and reflected by the convex portions 13 of the concave-convex shape 12, and the reflected light 5 reaches the light output surface 3. As long as the configuration is such that the light can be emitted as light that exists at an angle to the
The surface light source of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated shape, and may have any shape. For example, the light source housing portion 2 (light source A) of the light emitting panel B is not limited to the two locations shown in the figure, but may be one, three, or four locations, and the shape of the light emitting panel B is not limited to a rectangle. The shape of the light source may be any shape such as a disc, an elliptical plate, a polygon, or a rectangle with rounded corners. Therefore, the shape of the light source is not limited to the rod-shaped fluorescent lamp A. It can be of any shape.
（作用・効果）
以上の如き本発明の面光源は、前記の構成によって、光
源からの光が出光面３に対向する側に形成された多数の
凹凸形状１２の凸部１３付近で散乱されて出光面３に至
るため、出光する光は散乱光となり、パネルＤ上のディ
スプレイ７の視野角を著しく拡大することができる。(Function/Effect) With the above-described configuration, the surface light source of the present invention scatters light from the light source near the convex portion 13 of the large number of concavo-convex shapes 12 formed on the side facing the light-emitting surface 3. Since the light reaches the light emitting surface 3, the emitted light becomes scattered light, and the viewing angle of the display 7 on the panel D can be significantly expanded.
また好ましい例では凹凸形状１２の凸部１３の頂点がパ
ネルＢの中心部程高く（すなわち出光面３に近く）且つ
光源に近いパネルＢの部分では低い（すなわち出光面３
から遠い）ため、出光面３の照度が１分に補正され、出
光面全体にわたって均一な照度を得ることができる。In a preferred example, the apex of the convex portion 13 of the uneven shape 12 is higher at the center of the panel B (i.e., closer to the light emitting surface 3) and lower at a portion of the panel B closer to the light source (i.e., the vertex of the convex portion 13 is higher at the center of the panel B (i.e., closer to the light emitting surface 3).
Therefore, the illuminance of the light exit surface 3 is corrected to 1 minute, and uniform illuminance can be obtained over the entire light exit surface.
また本発明の好ましい実施態様では、光源としての蛍光
灯の太さに拘らず、光案内部を薄くすることができるの
で、ディスプレイの薄層化および軽量化という要求を満
足させることができる。Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light guide portion can be made thin regardless of the thickness of the fluorescent lamp used as the light source, so that the demand for thinner and lighter displays can be satisfied.
また、同様の理由から、光源収納部を蛍光灯の直径より
厚くして、そのなかに蛍光灯の半分以上を嵌含み、この
光源収納部を光分配部で光案内部と連結することにより
、光案内部は蛍光灯の直径より薄くすることができるの
で、蛍光灯から照射される光の大部分を光案内部に導入
できる。従って、光案内部が蛍光灯の直径よりも薄くと
も、光源光の利用効率を著しく高めることができる。Also, for the same reason, by making the light source storage part thicker than the diameter of the fluorescent lamp, fitting more than half of the fluorescent lamp into it, and connecting this light source storage part to the light guide part by the light distribution part, Since the light guide can be made thinner than the diameter of the fluorescent lamp, most of the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp can be introduced into the light guide. Therefore, even if the light guide section is thinner than the diameter of the fluorescent lamp, the efficiency of using the light from the light source can be significantly increased.
更に本発明の好ましい例では、光源の周囲に調光フィル
ターを付設することによって、使用者によって出光面に
至る光の光量および／または波長が簡便に任意に制御で
きるので、使用者の個人差に十分対応でき、使用者毎に
最適の光量（明暗）および／または最適の波長光（色相
）をもって液晶ディスプレイ等のディスプレイを使用す
ることができる。Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by attaching a dimmer filter around the light source, the amount and/or wavelength of the light reaching the light emitting surface can be easily and arbitrarily controlled by the user. It is possible to use a display such as a liquid crystal display with the optimum amount of light (brightness/darkness) and/or optimum wavelength light (hue) for each user.
（実施例）
実施例１
ポリメチルメタクリレート樹脂（バラベットＨＲ１協和
ガス化学製）を使用して、第１図および第２図に示す如
き形状で、サイズ２００ｍｍＸ１２０＋ｍ、厚み１０ｍ
ｍ、孔の直径１龍、孔間隔１ｍ１１、中心部の孔の高さ
８ＩＩＩｍ、周辺部の孔の高さ１１、中間部の孔の高さ
は中心部孔と周辺部孔の頂点を結んだラインに等しい高
さで、光源収納部の厚み２５ｍｍの出光パネルを射出成
形方法で成形し、出光面および導光面を除く外面にアル
ミニウムを真空蒸着して光反射層を形成した。また上記
のアクリル樹脂にガラスピーズ（東芝バロティーニ製）
を１０重措％の割合で混練して２ ｍｍＪ５のシートを
作成し、これを出光面に貼合した。光源としては１５Ｗ
の蛍光灯を２本使用し、光源収納部に形成した凹部に嵌
合し、上面をアルミニウムシートで封止して本発明の面
光源とした。(Example) Example 1 Using polymethyl methacrylate resin (Barabet HR1 manufactured by Kyowa Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.), it was shaped as shown in Figures 1 and 2, size 200 mm x 120 + m, thickness 10 m.
m, the diameter of the hole is 1mm, the hole spacing is 1m11, the height of the hole in the center is 8IIIm, the height of the hole in the peripheral part is 11m, the height of the hole in the middle is the same as the apex of the center hole and the peripheral hole. A light emitting panel with a thickness of 25 mm in the light source housing part was molded by injection molding at a height equal to the line, and aluminum was vacuum-deposited on the outer surface except for the light emitting surface and the light guiding surface to form a light reflecting layer. In addition, glass beads (manufactured by Toshiba Ballotini) are added to the above acrylic resin.
A 2 mm J5 sheet was prepared by kneading the mixture at a ratio of 10% by weight, and this was pasted on the light emitting surface. 15W as a light source
Two fluorescent lamps were used, fitted into a recess formed in a light source storage part, and the upper surface was sealed with an aluminum sheet to obtain a surface light source of the present invention.
この面光源の出光面に液晶ディスプレイを載置し、面光
源を点灯したところ、液晶ディスプレーの視野角、コン
トラストが慢れ全体が均一゛な高い表示機能を示した。When a liquid crystal display was placed on the light emitting surface of this surface light source and the surface light source was turned on, the viewing angle and contrast of the liquid crystal display were high, and the display function was high and uniform throughout.
実施例２
上記実施例１の上記アクリル樹脂からその一端に回転用
とってを設けた管状体を形成し、その表面に黒色のドツ
トが印刷され、ドツト数が連続的に変化しているポリ塩
化ビニルシートを貼り合わせ、２本の調光フィルターを
用意した。この中に１５Ｗの蛍光灯を夫々装着し、実施
例１の出光パネルの光源収納部の四部に嵌合し、上面を
アルミニウムシートで封止し、外部から上記の調光フィ
ルターが自在に回転できるようにして本発明の面光源と
した。Example 2 A tubular body with a rotating handle provided at one end was formed from the acrylic resin of Example 1, and black dots were printed on the surface of the polychloride resin, the number of dots changing continuously. Two dimmer filters were prepared by pasting vinyl sheets together. A 15W fluorescent lamp is attached to each of these, fitted into the four parts of the light source storage part of the light output panel of Example 1, and the upper surface is sealed with an aluminum sheet, so that the above-mentioned dimmer filter can be freely rotated from the outside. In this way, a surface light source of the present invention was obtained.
この面光源の出光面に液晶ディスプレイを載置し、面光
源を点灯したところ、液晶ディスプレーは発光型となり
、視野角、コントラストが優れ、全体が均一な高い表示
機能を示した。また、調光フィルターを徐々に回転させ
ることによって、液晶ディスプレイの明暗が変化し、個
人差および外光に対応して表示面の調光が可能であった
。When a liquid crystal display was placed on the light emitting surface of this surface light source and the surface light source was turned on, the liquid crystal display became a light-emitting type, with excellent viewing angles and contrast, and exhibited a high display function that was uniform throughout. In addition, by gradually rotating the light control filter, the brightness and darkness of the liquid crystal display changed, making it possible to adjust the brightness of the display surface in response to individual differences and external light.
実施′Ａ３
実施例２におけるドツト印刷シートに代えて、蛍光灯の
周囲長さに等しい巾で、縦に連続的に透明性の高い虹の
７色を配色したシートを使用し、他は実施例２と同様に
して本発明の面光源を得た。この面光源を実施例１と同
様に使用してみたところ、表示面の光の色相を種々の色
相に変化させることができた。Implementation 'A3 Instead of the dot-printed sheet in Example 2, a sheet with a width equal to the circumferential length of the fluorescent lamp and having seven highly transparent rainbow colors arranged vertically and continuously was used, and the other parts were the same as in Example 2. A surface light source of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. When this surface light source was used in the same manner as in Example 1, it was possible to change the hue of light on the display surface to various hues.
以上の通り、本発明の面光源は、液晶ディスプレイ等の
各種のディスプレイの背面光源として非常に有用である
。As described above, the surface light source of the present invention is very useful as a back light source for various displays such as liquid crystal displays.
第１図は本発明の面光源の１例の断面を図解的に示す図
であり、第２図は第１図の平面図に相当し、第３図は凹
凸形状の別の実施例を示し、且つ第４図は従来技術の面
光源の断面を図解的に示す図である。
Ａ；光源
Ｂ：出光パネル
１；光源光
２：光源収納部
３：出光面
４；光案内部
５：反射光
６；導光面
７：液晶ディスプレイ
８：光反射層
９：光拡散層
１０：光分配部
１１：調光フィルター
１２；凹凸形状
１３：凸部
第１図
第２図FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of one example of a surface light source of the present invention, FIG. 2 corresponds to a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows another embodiment with an uneven shape. , and FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a conventional surface light source. A; Light source B: Light output panel 1; Light source light 2: Light source storage section 3: Light output surface 4; Light guide section 5: Reflected light 6; Light guide surface 7: Liquid crystal display 8: Light reflection layer 9: Light diffusion layer 10: Light distribution section 11: Light control filter 12; Uneven shape 13: Convex portion Fig. 1 Fig. 2
Claims (8)
、光源収納部、導光面、光分配部、光案内部、光反射層
および出光面からなる面光源において、光源は光源収納
部中に包設され、出光面に対向する光反射層に多数の凹
凸形状が設けられ、これらの凹凸形状によって導入光が
出光面に拡散反射されることを特徴とする面光源。(1) In a surface light source consisting of a light source and a light output panel, where the light output panel consists of a light source storage section, a light guide surface, a light distribution section, a light guide section, a light reflection layer, and a light output surface, the light source is located in the light source storage section. A surface light source characterized in that a light reflecting layer that is enclosed and faces a light emitting surface is provided with a large number of uneven shapes, and the introduced light is diffusely reflected on the light emitting surface by these uneven shapes.
対して凸形状を有する特許請求の範囲第（１）項に記載
の面光源。(2) The surface light source according to claim (1), wherein the line connecting the vertices of the convex portions having a large number of concave and convex shapes has a convex shape with respect to the light exit surface.
板の少なくとも一端に設けられた光源収納部の中心が、
光案内部の中心より上方に形成されている特許請求の範
囲第（１）項に記載の面光源。(3) The light output panel consists of a single translucent plate, and the center of the light source housing provided at at least one end of the translucent plate is
The surface light source according to claim 1, wherein the surface light source is formed above the center of the light guide section.
反射性となっている特許請求の範囲第（１）項に記載の
面光源。(4) The surface light source according to claim (1), wherein the surface of the light emitting panel excluding the light emitting surface and the light guiding surface is light reflective.
（１）項に記載の面光源。(5) A surface light source according to claim (1), wherein the light emitting surface is pre-diffusive.
光源が設けられている特許請求の範囲第（１）項に記載
の面光源。(6) The surface light source according to claim (1), wherein the light emitting panel is rectangular and a light source is provided at at least one end thereof.
ている特許請求の範囲第（１）項に記載の面光源。(7) The surface light source according to claim (1), wherein the light emitting panel is integrally molded from a translucent resin.
付設されている特許請求の範囲第（１）項に記載の面光
源。(8) The surface light source according to claim (1), wherein a dimmer filter is attached to the periphery or a part of the light source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61205766A JP2559579B2 (en) | 1986-09-03 | 1986-09-03 | Surface light source |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61205766A JP2559579B2 (en) | 1986-09-03 | 1986-09-03 | Surface light source |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6363084A true JPS6363084A (en) | 1988-03-19 |
| JP2559579B2 JP2559579B2 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
Family
ID=16512315
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61205766A Expired - Lifetime JP2559579B2 (en) | 1986-09-03 | 1986-09-03 | Surface light source |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2559579B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH036691A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1991-01-14 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | Commodity exhibition chamber for automatic vending machine |
| JP2010094149A (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Rice cooker |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6356391B1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2002-03-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical film with variable angle prisms |
| US7046905B1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2006-05-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Blacklight with structured surfaces |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57128383A (en) * | 1981-02-02 | 1982-08-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Surface lighting apparatus |
| JPS59119436U (en) * | 1983-01-29 | 1984-08-11 | 旭光学工業株式会社 | Information display device inside camera viewfinder |
-
1986
- 1986-09-03 JP JP61205766A patent/JP2559579B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57128383A (en) * | 1981-02-02 | 1982-08-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Surface lighting apparatus |
| JPS59119436U (en) * | 1983-01-29 | 1984-08-11 | 旭光学工業株式会社 | Information display device inside camera viewfinder |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH036691A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1991-01-14 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | Commodity exhibition chamber for automatic vending machine |
| JP2010094149A (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Rice cooker |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2559579B2 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
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