JPS6357348B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in an electromechanical door safety system for an elevator.

Elevator door safety systems include a mechanical safety system that turns on a limit switch when the safety switch is retracted when a hand touches the car door, and a mechanical safety system that detects changes in the ground capacitance of each antenna by attaching one or several antennas to the car door. There are electric safeties that detect objects such as people and metals, and safeties that use both. However, the above-mentioned safety has the following drawbacks.

In other words, a mechanical safety system detects a dangerous object only when a part of the human body presses the safety switch and turns on the limit switch, so when the elevator door is closed, a considerable impact is applied to the dangerous object. . In recent years, as buildings have become taller, doors have also become faster, so detecting a human body with mechanical safety poses considerable risks.

Therefore, to compensate for the shortcomings of mechanical safety, electric safety with touchless detection was introduced.

This electric safety system is equipped with one or more antennas on the car door, detects the change in ground capacitance of the antenna, and after amplifying it with an AC amplifier, issues a door opening command when the amount of rectification change exceeds a predetermined voltage value. It is something that gives out. This reduces the reliability of the device because a printed board with a large number of parts is attached to the door panel (moving part) and a delicate capacitance with the ground is used. In the unlikely event that an electrical component malfunctions, it will no longer be able to detect objects such as a human body, which could cause a part of the human body to become trapped, creating a danger. For the above reasons, door safety devices that use both electric and mechanical systems have become popular recently.

However, in the case of a combined safety device, the door open command will continue to be issued if some of the electrical components used in the circuit break down, just as in the case of only an electric safety device.

That is, since changes in capacitance of a plurality of antennas provided on the door are detected, an even number of detection circuits are normally provided and configured to detect the balance of their outputs. Therefore, if a part of the circuit breaks down, the balance will be disrupted and the result will be the same as if a weak object such as a human body was detected.

Therefore, the elevator will not be able to leave because the door will not close no matter how long it takes.

The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.The present invention counts the operation duration of the detection output relay of the electric safety from the time when the door is fully opened, and counts the operation duration of the detection output relay of the electric safety until the time reaches a preset first predetermined time. When this is reached, turn off the detection output of the electric safety,
Furthermore, if the operation continues after the second predetermined time has elapsed, it is assumed that some kind of failure has occurred in the electrical safety, and the electrical safety is turned off, detected only by the mechanical safety, and the door is opened unnecessarily. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a door safety device for a combined electric and mechanical elevator, which reduces the amount of time spent in the elevator.

The present invention will be explained using the example shown in FIG. First, in FIG. 1, a safety shoe body 3 is attached to a car door 2 via a link. The safety shoe main body 3 can move in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Further, there is a hall door 1 sandwiching the safety shoe main body 3, which is engaged with a car door 2. Inside the safety shoe body 3, detection antennas 5 (two in the example) are attached to the safety shoe body 3 via an insulator 6. Reference numeral 4 denotes a detection unit printed board storage box which amplifies and rectifies the AC output detected by each antenna, and is connected by a cable 8 to a power supply unit and a DC amplification unit on the car. Furthermore, a blinding plate 7 made of vinyl chloride or acrylic is used on the front of the antenna to prevent electrical contact between the human body and metal.

Further, a limit switch 9 for detecting a mechanical safety is provided on the car door panel, and when the safety switch is pushed in from the hole side in the direction of the arrow, the contact of the limit switch 9 closes.

Next, a method for detecting an electric safety according to the present invention will be described. Now, safety station body 3
Oscillating voltage (e.g. AC200V _p - _p 20k) between
Hz), the AC equivalent circuit for each antenna 5 can be written as shown in Figure 3.

Here, C ₀ is the capacitance between the safety station and the antenna, C ₁ is the capacitance between the antenna car door, the antenna and the hall door, and the antenna and the door sill, and C ₂ is the capacitance at the front of the safety station ( This is the capacitance of the variable part that changes when the human body and a conductor such as metal approach each other. Although C ₁ and C ₂ cannot actually be separated as shown in FIG. 3, they are shown separately for convenience of explanation.

Now, when there are no people or metal objects near the antenna, the equivalent circuit for antenna 10a or 10b in FIG. 4 can be written as shown in FIG. 3, respectively.

At that time, since C ₂ is approximately equal, it is amplified by the AC amplifier 11a or 11b and the rectifier 1
2a to the side and rectifier 12b to the side, the output of the adder 13 is balanced (i.e.
(OV) Therefore, the output OV after being amplified by the DC amplifiers 14 and 16, and since there is no change in the output, the output of the differentiator 15 becomes OV, and the output of the comparison circuit 17 cannot drive the detection relay 18.

However, when a human body or a metal body approaches the antenna 10a, C ₂ changes to C ₂ +ΔC, and the voltage across C ₀ increases from V ₁ →V ₁ +ΔV. Therefore, AC amplifier 1
1a output and the output of rectifier 12a are AC amplifier 1
1b becomes larger than the output of the rectifier 12b, and the output of the adder 13 becomes a positive voltage. Therefore adder 1
3 may be amplified by the DC amplifiers 14 and 16. In reality, as shown in Figure 1, the safety on the elevator door is sandwiched between the car door and the hall door 1 (which serves as an electrical ground point), so people and metal do not get close enough to the antenna 5. and the antenna capacitance remains unchanged. According to the applicant's experimental data, the capacitance change becomes noticeable when a hard object comes within 4 cm in front of the antenna. However, even if an opening command is issued during the closing operation, the elevator door 2 will slip due to inertia.
Even if it is detected before cm, it will not reverse until it collides with a small object and overruns a little.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the output is amplified by a DC amplifier 14 after the adder 13, and when there is a perishable object at a distance of 4 cm or more, one of the outputs is amplified by another DC amplifier 16. The differentiator 15 amplifies the signal, and the comparison circuit 17 turns on and off the detection relay (RY1) 18.

The reason why the amplifier 16 is connected in parallel to the differentiator 15 as described above is when a person or metal approaches the vicinity of the antenna 5 (approximately 4 cm) or when the door speed is small (door open end, closed end). is detected by amplifiers 14 and 16, and when there is a dangerous object at a distant position, the amount of change is amplified by a differentiator 15 by taking advantage of the fact that the door is moving even if the dangerous object is stopped. Increased sensitivity.

Also, when the door is near the closed end, it starts to detect the opposing door (approx. 100mm from the closed end position, the balance becomes slightly out of balance and malfunctions are likely to occur), so the operating relay (RY2) 19 closes the contact point.
When RY2b is near the closed end, the differentiator 15 is turned off to lower the sensitivity and prevent malfunction.

When the signal amplified by the differentiator 15 and the DC amplifier 16 becomes larger than the set voltage by the comparison circuit 17, the detection relay (detection output relay) RY1 is activated.

As described above, if a human body or a perilous object such as metal approaches the antenna, it can be detected and the door can be reversed (closed) without touch. However, since the ground capacitance change of the antenna is used in principle, and the amount of change when a hand or the like approaches is small, if the ground capacitance changes, for example if a large amount of water gets on the front of the antenna, If the adjustment of the antenna becomes extremely misaligned over time, or if the safety shoe protrudes, it may malfunction if a hard object is hit and the shoe becomes deformed. You can't close the door forever because it becomes the same as change.

For this reason, there is a known method of forcibly closing the door by disabling the output of the device by forcefully closing the door until 15 to 20 seconds have elapsed after the door has been opened. However, when the above-mentioned problems occur, each time the door is opened on a floor where the car is stopped, the door cannot be closed until 15 to 20 seconds have elapsed. This problem will continue to occur unless elevator maintenance personnel and building management notice and repair it.

In the present invention, by adding the circuit shown in FIG. 5 and below, appropriate measures can be taken depending on the degree of malfunction, i.e., when the electric safety gets wet with water or the like and malfunctions, it is possible to restore normal operation, so the door is closed on that floor for the time being. Also, the transformation of Shu and the adder 13
If the adjustment becomes incorrect due to changes over time, it cannot be corrected unless it is readjusted or replaced, so when the electric safety is turned off, the fault is usually displayed on a display device such as a monitoring panel so that elevator maintenance personnel can be contacted immediately. elevators will be able to operate.

The detailed explanation will be given below with reference to Figs. 5 to 11. Fig. 5 shows the detection relay RY1 after the door is fully opened.
This is a circuit that detects when contact RY1a continues to be connected for a certain period of time or more.

Relay A is energized when the car is stopped and turns off when the car departs. Relay B is a relay (not shown) that enters approximately 30 mm before the door is fully opened and holds it until relay A is turned off (that is, it turns on when the door is fully open). Detection relay RY1 is used to detect electrical safety. It's a relay.

Therefore, when the elevator reaches a certain floor, relay A is turned on, and when the door is fully opened, relay B is turned on.
Therefore, after the door is fully opened, when the detection relay RY1 is turned on, a DC voltage of 110V is applied to the X point of the timer T via the DC positive power supply bus P and the DC negative power supply bus N.

Now, if we specifically write the timer circuit T in FIG. 5, we can write it as shown in FIG. 6. Therefore, when a voltage is applied to point X, a charging current flows to capacitor C1 through resistors R1, R2, and R4 in FIG.
1 and R1, R2. It is charged with the time constant of R4.
If the values of resistors R4 and R5 are selected so that the pinch-off voltage of the unidirectional transistor UJT for ignition of the thyristor S is exactly the charging voltage value when the charging time of the capacitor C1 is 5 seconds, the door will open tightly. If the detection relay RY1 continues to be on for a first predetermined period of time, for example, 5 seconds (if the detection continues), the relay D is activated. Also in Figure 6
ZD1, ZD2 are constant voltage diodes, R3, R5~
R8 is a resistor, and C2 is a capacitor. FIG. 7 shows a circuit for opening the door (operating relay E).

In FIG. 7, F is a contact point of a relay (not shown) that is turned on when the mechanical door safety of the elevator is activated (when it is pulled in by hand or the like). This mounting position is as shown in 9 in FIG.
Therefore, when the electric safety detects that the door is fully open (that is, when the detection relay RY1 contact closes) or when the mechanical safety turns on (when the contact of relay F closes), relay E is energized. and operate the door to open.

Next, as explained in FIG. 5, when the detection relay RY1 is turned on for a first predetermined period of time (for example, when the operation continues for 5 seconds), the relay D is turned on. When relay D operates, contacts a and b of relay D turn off door opening relay E, closing the door, as shown in FIG. (Even if the electric safety detects it, the contact RY1a of the detection relay RY1 is closed because the relay D contacts a and b are closed.) Therefore the detection relay
If RY1 is turned off within 5 seconds after the door is fully opened, the electric safety will normally detect a human body or a perishable object such as metal, and turn on the detection relay RY1 for about 1 to 2 seconds. Think carefully and follow the instructions carefully to detect the approach of a dangerous object.
Furthermore, if it continues to operate for 5 seconds or more, relay D will operate, so detection relay RY1 will be disconnected from the door opening circuit. In the timer circuit of relay D, when the car leaves the floor where it is currently stopped, relay A is turned off, so the potential at input point X of the timer in FIG. 6 becomes zero. Therefore, the unidirectional transistor
As the bias voltage of UJT (point Z) decreases, the pinch-off voltage also decreases, and when the voltage at point Y becomes greater than the pinch-off voltage, the unidirectional transistor UJT turns on, starts discharging through resistor R5, and the voltage at point Y becomes 0. . Therefore, by the time the vehicle stops at the next floor and the door is fully opened, the timer is cleared to 0 and the detection duration of the detection relay RY1 is counted again.

Next, when the detection relay RY1 remains on for longer than the second predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds or more) than the relay D is operated, the detection circuit shown in FIG. 8 turns off the power to the electric safety. That is, in Fig. 8, relay L (equipped with a lock for manual turning off) is connected to the contact point of the electric safety detection relay RY1 and the detection output F and the sixth detection relay of the mechanical safety, regardless of whether the car is running or stopped.
It consists of the same timer circuit as shown in the figure (the elapsed time until the charging voltage is reached is different).

Then, when the detection output RY1 of the electric safety is closed on the condition that no mechanical safety is installed, a voltage is applied to the X point of the timer T. Here, the timer circuit T in FIG. 8 is the same as that explained in FIG. 6, but the values of the capacitor C1 and resistor R4 are set so that charging is completed in about 30 seconds.

Therefore, if the detection output RY1 of the electric safety continues to be on for the second predetermined period of time (30 seconds or more), it is assumed that this is a non-recoverable problem, and relay L is activated.After that, maintenance personnel go to the machine room and manually lock the lock. OFF
The operating state will be maintained until the

Therefore, when relay L operates, it cuts off the supply of AC 200V power to the electrical safety as shown in Figure 9, and at the same time lights up the failure indicator lamp (LAMP in Figure 10) installed on the monitoring panel as shown in Figure 10. DC24
The output voltage (supplied by P1(+) and N1(-)) is turned on.

In addition, when the electrical safety malfunctions (relay L
) But as mentioned above, relay D,
Relay L is turned on depending on the severity of the failure, so the elevator operates normally (that is, if the electric safety continues to detect for 5 seconds after the door is fully opened, the electric safety will stop detecting it on that floor.
If it continues to be detected for 30 seconds, a fault will be displayed at the same time as the electric safety is turned off).

According to the present invention described above, the duration of operation of the detection output of the electric safety is measured, and depending on the degree of time, the electric safety is temporarily disabled or disconnected, thereby ensuring safety while rendering the electric safety useless. Elevator electromechanical safety devices can be provided that minimize the amount of time the doors are left open.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are a plan view and a front view showing a detection unit of an embodiment of the door safety device of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of each antenna of the electric safety device, and FIG. 4 is an electric type safety device. Safety block diagram, Figure 5 is a sequence circuit diagram showing on/off of the relay in Figure 4, Figure 6 is a specific circuit diagram of the timer circuit in Figure 5, Figures 7 and 8 are respectively FIG. 9 is a sequence circuit diagram of relays E and L, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the power supply circuit of the electric safety, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a display circuit in the event of a failure of the electric safety. 1... Hall door, 2... Car door, 3... Safety switch body, 5... Antenna, 8... Cable, 9... Limit switch, 10a, 10
b... Antenna, 11a, 11b... AC amplifier, 12a, 12b... Rectifier, 14, 16...
DC amplifier, 17...Comparison circuit, 18...Detection relay (detection output relay) RY1, 19...Relay (RY2), A...Relay, D...Relay, B...
relay.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A mechanical safety device that is provided with a safety shoe at the tip of an elevator car door, and that operates a limit switch by touching a human body or the like and pulling it inward to issue a door opening command from a door opening command circuit; One or more antennas are installed, and an electric safety device that detects the ground capacitance change of each antenna and issues a door opening command from the door opening command circuit is used in conjunction with an electric safety device to detect a dangerous object such as a human body. The door safety device detects and outputs a detection output, comprising a relay that operates when the operation duration of the detection output relay of the electric safety device exceeds a predetermined time, and the contact point of the relay operates to receive the detection output from the door opening command circuit. An elevator door safety device characterized by being configured to be temporarily disconnected. 2. A mechanical safety device that is provided with a safety switch at the tip of an elevator car door, and which operates a limit switch by touching a human body or the like and pulling it inward, and issues a door opening command from a door opening command circuit;
One or more antennas are installed inside the safety station, and an electric safety device is installed that detects the ground capacitance change of each antenna and issues a door opening command from the door opening command circuit. A door safety device that detects a foreign object and outputs a detection output includes a relay that operates when the operation duration of the detection output relay of the electric safety device exceeds a predetermined time; Stop the power supply,
An elevator door safety device comprising: a display device that indicates this condition as a failure. 3. A mechanical safety device provided with a safety switch at the tip of the elevator car door, which activates a limit switch by touching a human body, etc. and pulling it inward, and issues a door opening command from a door opening command circuit;
One or more antennas are installed inside the safety station, and an electric safety device is installed that detects changes in the ground capacity of each antenna and issues a door opening command from the door opening command circuit. A door safety device that detects an object and outputs a detection output includes a first relay that operates when the operation duration of the detection output relay of the electric safety device exceeds a first predetermined time, and the contact point opens the door. The detection output relay is configured to temporarily disconnect the detection output from the command circuit, and the detection output relay of the electric safety device operates when the continuous operation time exceeds a second predetermined time period that is longer than the first predetermined time period. An elevator door safety device comprising a relay and a display device which uses the contact point to stop power supply to the electric safety device and indicates this state as a failure.