JPS635656B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing cold and hot heat sources using an absorption refrigerator and using low potential energy and high potential energy in combination or alone.

Heating energy is required to produce a cold/hot heat source, and conventionally, the combustion heat of fossil fuels such as oil and coal and their derivative fuels (heavy oil, city gas),
Alternatively, high-temperature high-potential energy such as high-pressure steam and high-temperature water generated using this combustion heat has been used. However, high potential energy is expensive, and it is desired to suppress the amount of fossil fuel used to prevent fossil fuels from depleting in the future.

On the other hand, although low-potential energy such as hot water using solar heat, hot water discharged from factories, and low-pressure steam discharged from steam engines is abundant and inexpensive, it has a low temperature of, for example, 100 degrees Celsius or less. In addition, the production volume is not constant and it is difficult to obtain the required amount immediately when needed, or to secure a certain amount over a long period of time, so it is not used.
Previously, they were simply discarded into the environment.

This heat source production apparatus using low potential energy has a complicated structure and operation, such as requiring a separate auxiliary boiler when low potential energy is insufficient.

In the present invention, when the low potential energy is equal to or greater than the lower limit of the usable value. Low potential energy is used preferentially, and when the amount of low potential energy is insufficient, it is supplemented with high potential energy, and when the low potential energy is below the lower limit of the available value, a cycle of low potential energy is performed. This eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method by separating out the high potential energy and using only the high potential energy. The present invention relates to a cold/hot heat source production device using an absorption refrigerator, which can be easily supplemented and has an extremely simple structure.

The present invention provides evaporators, absorbers, generators, condensers,
It consists of a cold source production cycle using an absorption refrigeration cycle that has a solution system path, a refrigerant system path, a cold medium system path, a solution heating mechanism, and a cooling water system path, and a hot heat source manufacturing cycle that has a hot medium system path and a hot medium heating mechanism. As the solution heating mechanism, the generator is equipped with a solution low temperature heating mechanism using low potential energy and a solution high temperature heating mechanism using high potential energy, and as the hot medium heating mechanism, the hot medium low temperature heating mechanism using low potential energy; The hot medium high temperature heating mechanism using the high potential energy is provided, and when the hot heat source is manufactured, the hot medium is heated by the hot medium low temperature heating mechanism and the hot medium high temperature heating mechanism and then guided to the thermal load, and when the cold source is manufactured. , a cold/hot heat source production apparatus using an absorption refrigerator, characterized in that the heating medium is heated by the heating medium low temperature heating mechanism and then guided to the solution low temperature heating mechanism.

The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings based on examples.
As devices forming the absorption refrigeration cycle, an evaporator E and an absorber A are integrally formed in the shell 1, a condenser C and a low temperature generator GL are integrally formed in the shell 2, and a low temperature generator GL is formed separately. High temperature generator GH,
High temperature solution heat exchanger HEH, low temperature solution heat exchanger HEL
These devices are connected to each other, and the solution system lines are pipes 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 1.
0, dispersion pipes 11, 12, and a solution pump SP are provided, and as refrigerant system lines, pipes 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 56, spray pipe 18, valve 57, 58,
A refrigerant pump EP, saucers 19 and 20, and a heating tube 21 are provided, and the solution heating mechanism includes a low temperature generator.
In the GL, the heating tube 21 is installed as a double effect heating tube.
However, the heating tube 22 serves as the solution low-temperature heating tube, and the pipe line 3
9, 40, and the fuel pipe 23
A burner 25 that burns fuel such as A heavy oil whose flow rate is controlled by a fuel valve 24, and a boiler cylinder 2.
6. A high temperature generator GH having a smoke pipe 27 is provided as a solution high temperature heating mechanism, and pipes 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 and a cold water pipe 6 are provided as cooling medium system lines.
1, three-way valves 33, 34, and a pump 35, and cooling water pipes 36, 37 are provided as cooling water system passages, and an absorption refrigeration cycle formed by these constitutes a cold source production cycle.

38 is a load, 59 is a temperature detector for the cold water outlet temperature, and 60 is a temperature detector for the inlet temperature of the heating tube 22.

The equipment that makes up the heat source production cycle is:
A solar heat collector 41 is provided as a thermal medium low temperature heating mechanism of the thermal medium heating mechanism, a high temperature generator GH housing a heat receiving tube 42 is used as a thermal medium high temperature heating device, and a pump is used as a thermal medium system path. 43, pipe line 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 4
9, 50, 51, 55, three-way valve 52, 53, 5
4. The heat collector 41, the heat receiving pipe 42 (the following are shared with the cold/heat medium system line. However, separate lines may be used for different loads, and in this case, the cold heat source and the hot heat source may be manufactured at the same time) ) conduit 30,
31, 32, three-way valves 33, 34, and a pump 35. 62 and 63 are respectively heat collectors 41
This is a temperature detector that detects the inlet temperature of the outlet temperature load 38.

Therefore, when producing a cold source or a hot source,
In the high-temperature generator GH, which serves as both a solution high-temperature heating mechanism and a hot-medium high-temperature heating mechanism, the energy given is high-temperature high-potential energy, and is applied to the heat collector 41 as a hot-medium low-temperature heating mechanism during the production of a hot heat source. The energy given by the heating tube 22 as a solution low-temperature heating mechanism by the heat medium that has received heat from the heat collector 41 during the production of the cold source is low-temperature, low-potential energy.

The operation of the device as described above will be explained.

First, when manufacturing a cold heat source, as shown in FIG.
The solution system path closes the valve 57 and opens the valve 58, making it a single-effect system for the low potential energy given from the heat collector 41. as triangle 3
3 and 34 to connect the cold water pipe 61 to the load 38.

If the solution pump SP, refrigerant pump EP, and pumps 35 and 43 are operated in this state, the single-effect absorption refrigeration cycle is activated by the low potential energy obtained by collecting solar heat, and cold water is produced and sent to the load 38. It will be done.

When the amount of heat collected in the heat collector 41 is extremely small or zero relative to the amount of load, the refrigeration cycle is operated only with high potential energy without introducing low potential energy to the heating tube 22 as described later. If this lowest usable amount of low potential energy is referred to as a usable lower limit value, this usable lower limit value may be set to vary depending on the load amount, or may be set constant in advance. The usable lower limit value is detected by detecting the inlet temperature of the heating tube 22 with the temperature detector 60, detecting the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the heating tube 22, etc.
Define a constant set value or a set value that changes depending on the load.

The use of low potential energy is based on the difference ΔT between the inlet temperature T ₁ and the outlet temperature T ₂ of the heating tube 22 = T ₁ − T ₂ ≧
The condition is that it is 0, but considering the power consumption of the pump 43 and the accuracy of the instrument, for example, T ₁ and T ₂ are detected, and this is detected when ΔT < 0.5°C, and the value is below the lower limit of use. Control is performed to disconnect the low potential energy by assuming that the energy has become low. Alternatively, the outlet temperature of the heat collector 41 may be detected by the temperature detector 62, and if the temperature is below a predetermined temperature, it may be considered that the temperature is below the lower limit value.

For example, when the inlet temperature of the heat collector 41 is t ₁ and the outlet temperature is t ₂ , in order to utilize low potential energy, t ₁ and t ₂ are each detected by a temperature detector, and Δt= The condition is that t ₂ −t ₁ >0. When Δt≦0.5° C., taking into consideration instrument accuracy, etc., control may be performed to cut off the low potential energy, assuming that this is below the usable lower limit value.

If it is determined by the detection of ΔT, Δt, etc. as described above that the low potential energy exceeds the usable lower limit value, operation is continued according to the cycle shown in FIG. 2.

If the amount of low potential energy is insufficient for the load from the beginning of operation or due to load fluctuations, this insufficient state can be detected by detecting the chilled water outlet temperature by the temperature detector 59 and by detecting the temperature at the outlet of the evaporator E.
Alternatively, if it is detected by detecting the liquid level in the absorber A, etc., and it is determined that there is a shortage, the valve 57 is opened and the valve 58 is closed as shown in FIG.
4 and ignite burner 25, high temperature generator GH
A heating action of the solution with high potential energy at and a dual effect heating action at the low temperature generator GL are supplemented. In this case, if the fuel valve 24 is adjusted so that the chilled water outlet temperature is constant by detecting the chilled water outlet temperature or the liquid level of the evaporator or absorber by the temperature detector 59, low potential energy can be used preferentially. In addition, high potential energy can be used appropriately and effectively as an auxiliary aid in response to load fluctuations or low potential energy fluctuations.

Further, as described above, if it is determined that the amount of low potential energy is below the usable lower limit value at the time of startup or due to fluctuations in the low potential energy source, the three-way valve 5 is activated as shown in FIG.
2 and 54 are switched, the pump 43 is stopped, the low potential energy cycle is disconnected from the heating tube 22, and the dual effect absorption refrigeration cycle with high potential energy only is operated to produce cold water.

Next, when manufacturing the temperature source, the three-way valve 3 is
3, 34, 52, 53, and 54 to guide the thermal medium heated by the heat collector 41 to the load. In this example, at the beginning of startup, burner 25
No heating is performed. When the pumps 43 and 35 are operated in this state, the water is heated by low potential energy obtained from solar heat in the heat collector 41 as a heat medium low-temperature heating mechanism, and hot water as a heat medium is produced and sent to the load 38. .

When there is a shortage of low potential energy for the load 38, the shortage state is detected by the heat collector 41.
The temperature is determined by detecting the outlet temperature of the load 38 or the inlet temperature of the load 38 using a temperature detector 62 or 63. If it is determined that the temperature is insufficient, the fuel valve 24 is opened and the burner 25 is ignited to increase the temperature. The heating action of the hot water by high potential energy in the high temperature generator GH as a medium high temperature heating mechanism is additionally added. In this case, if the temperature detector 63 detects the load 38 inlet temperature and adjusts the fuel valve 24 so that the load 38 inlet temperature becomes constant, low potential energy can be used preferentially and the load fluctuation or low High potential energy can be used appropriately and effectively as an auxiliary device in response to fluctuations in potential energy.

Further, as described above, if the temperature detector 62 or 63 determines that the amount of low potential energy has fallen below the usable lower limit value at the time of startup or due to fluctuations in the low potential energy source, the sixth As shown in the figure, the three-way valves 52 and 53 are switched, the pump 43 is stopped, the low potential energy is disconnected from the load 38, and the heat receiving tube 42 is heated only by the high potential energy.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment, in which a low potential energy heat medium line including a heat collector 41 and the main body of the cold/hot medium production apparatus are connected via a heat storage device 64, as described above. Even when the low potential cycle is disconnected because the low potential energy is below the usable lower limit, the pump 43 can be operated to store heat in the heat storage device 41. In addition, when sufficient heat is stored, it can be used as a low potential energy source even when low potential energy from the outside world falls below the usable lower limit. 65 is a pump, and 66 is a check valve.

As for the operating conditions in this embodiment, FIG. 8 shows the state in which low potential energy is supplied to the heating tube 22 during the production of a cold source, and FIG. 9 shows the state in which low potential energy is supplied to the heating medium during the production of a hot source. (However, in both Figures 8 and 9, the high temperature generator GH may be activated, but it is not shown).
FIG. 10 shows a case where the low potential energy cycle is separated and the heat source is produced using only high potential energy.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment in which the heat receiving tube 42 is housed in a heating chamber 67 communicating with the high temperature generator GH.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment in which a heat collector 41 as a heat medium low temperature heating mechanism and a heat receiving tube 42 as a heat medium high temperature heating mechanism are provided in parallel when producing a heat source. A valve 69 controls the flow rate distributed to the pipes 44 and 68 according to the mutual relationship between high and low potential energies. For example, the outlet temperature of the heat collector 41 and the outlet temperature of the heat receiving tube 42 are measured, and the flow rate distribution is controlled so that both temperatures are approximately equal.

FIG. 13 shows an example of the load side, where the heat storage tank 7
0. By providing the pump 71, it is possible to store heat from low and high heat sources and to stabilize the supplied heat source even when the load is changed.

Since the above embodiments are configured and operate as described above, high potential energy is used as an auxiliary heating device in the production of cold/hot heat sources, and the entire system is simplified, and in particular, the hot/heat source production system is simplified. By using the auxiliary high potential energy as a heating source for producing cold and hot heat sources, and controlling the heating source according to the load with the auxiliary high potential energy, control becomes easier, and if the low potential energy becomes too small. In this case, this low-potential energy cycle can be decoupled as a stop or heat storage cycle, while only the auxiliary high-potential energy is used to produce the cold source.

The present invention effectively recovers and preferentially utilizes inexpensive low-potential energy, reduces the use of expensive high-potential energy made from precious fossil fuels, facilitates supply control, and reduces the structure of equipment. It is possible to provide a cold/hot heat source production device using an absorption refrigerator that can be easily constructed, and has extremely large practical effects in terms of low energy usage, waste heat recovery, and energy saving.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings relate to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a flow sheet, FIGS. 2 to 6 are flow sheets showing various operating conditions thereof, and FIG. 7 is a partial flow sheet of another embodiment, and FIG. Figures 8 to 10 are flow sheets showing various operating conditions.
1 and 12 are flow sheets of another example, No. 13
The figure is a partial flow sheet of another embodiment on the load side. 1, 2... Torso, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10...pipe line, 11,12...dispersion pipe, 13,1
4.
Burner, 26...Boiler body, 27...Smoke pipe, 2
8, 29, 30, 31, 32... pipe, 33, 3
4... Three-way valve, 35... Pump, 36, 37...
Cooling water pipe, 38...load, 39, 40...pipe line,
41... Heat collector, 42... Heat receiving tube, 43... Pump, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 5
0,51...Pipe line, 52,53,54...Three-way valve, 55,56...Pipe line, 57,58...Valve, 5
9, 60...Temperature detector, 61...Cold water pipe, 6
2, 63... Temperature detector, 64... Heat storage device, 65
... Pump, 66 ... Check valve, 67 ... Heating chamber, 68 ... Piping, 69 ... Valve, 70 ... Heat storage tank, 71 ... Valve, A ... Absorber, C ... Condenser, E...Evaporator, GH...High temperature generator, GL...
...low temperature generator, HEH...high temperature solution heat exchanger,
HEL...Low temperature solution heat exchanger, SP...Solution pump, EP...Refrigerant pump.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cold source production cycle using an absorption refrigeration cycle having an evaporator, an absorber, a generator, a condenser, a solution line, a refrigerant line, a cooling medium line, a solution heating mechanism, and a cooling water line. , a thermal medium system path, and a thermal source production cycle having a thermal medium heating mechanism, and as the solution heating mechanism, the generator is equipped with a solution low temperature heating mechanism using low potential energy and a solution high temperature heating mechanism using high potential energy. , as the thermal medium heating mechanism, a thermal medium low-temperature heating mechanism using the low-potential energy and a thermal medium high-temperature heating mechanism using the high-potential energy are provided, and when the thermal medium is manufactured, the thermal medium is heated by the thermal medium low-temperature heating mechanism and the thermal medium high-temperature heating mechanism using the high-potential energy. The method is characterized in that the heating medium is heated by the medium high-temperature heating mechanism and then guided to the thermal load, and during the production of the cold source, the thermal medium is heated by the hot-medium low-temperature heating mechanism and then guided to the solution low-temperature heating mechanism. A cold/hot heat source production device using an absorption refrigerator. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thermal medium is configured to be guided in series from the thermal medium low-temperature heating mechanism to the thermal medium high-temperature heating mechanism at the time of manufacturing the thermal source. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thermal medium is guided in parallel to the thermal medium low-temperature heating mechanism and the thermal medium high-temperature heating mechanism during production of the thermal source. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating medium high temperature heating mechanism is provided in the generator. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said absorption refrigeration cycle is a dual effect absorption refrigeration cycle for said high temperature potential energy. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the solution low temperature heating mechanism is provided in a low temperature generator. 7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the thermal medium high-temperature heating mechanism is housed in a high-temperature generator or is provided in communication with the high-temperature generator. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal medium low temperature heating mechanism is a heat storage device that stores heat collected by a low potential energy collector.